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    Chapter 6 Multidegree of Freedom System

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    MuhammadFazrin
    This document discusses multi-degree of freedom mechanical vibration systems. It begins by defining multi-degree of freedom systems as those requiring multiple independent coordinates to describe motion and having multiple natural frequencies. It then covers modeling continuous systems as lumped mass multi-degree of freedom systems using examples. Next, it derives the general equations of motion for an n-degree of freedom system using Newton's second law. It also discusses solving the characteristic equation to find natural frequencies and mode shapes. Finally, it works through an example 3-degree of freedom system to illustrate the process.

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    Chapter 6 Multidegree of Freedom System

    Uploaded by

    MuhammadFazrin
    315 views38 pages
    This document discusses multi-degree of freedom mechanical vibration systems. It begins by defining multi-degree of freedom systems as those requiring multiple independent coordinates to describe motion and having multiple natural frequencies. It then covers modeling continuous systems as lumped mass multi-degree of freedom systems using examples. Next, it derives the general equations of motion for an n-degree of freedom system using Newton's second law. It also discusses solving the characteristic equation to find natural frequencies and mode shapes. Finally, it works through an example 3-degree of freedom system to illustrate the process.

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    This document discusses multi-degree of freedom mechanical vibration systems. It begins by defining multi-degree of freedom systems as those requiring multiple independent coordinates to describe motion and having multiple natural frequencies. It then covers modeling continuous systems as lumped mass multi-degree of freedom systems using examples. Next, it derives the general equations of motion for an n-degree of freedom system using Newton's second law. It also discusses solving the characteristic equation to find natural frequencies and mode shapes. Finally, it works through an example 3-degree of freedom system to illustrate the process.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    315 views38 pages

    Chapter 6 Multidegree of Freedom System

    Uploaded by

    MuhammadFazrin
    This document discusses multi-degree of freedom mechanical vibration systems. It begins by defining multi-degree of freedom systems as those requiring multiple independent coordinates to describe motion and having multiple natural frequencies. It then covers modeling continuous systems as lumped mass multi-degree of freedom systems using examples. Next, it derives the general equations of motion for an n-degree of freedom system using Newton's second law. It also discusses solving the characteristic equation to find natural frequencies and mode shapes. Finally, it works through an example 3-degree of freedom system to illustrate the process.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 38

    KM 4314

    MECHANICAL VIBRATION

    DR WAN AIZON W GHOPA


    Dept. of Mechanical and Material Engineering
    Faculty of Engineering
    Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
    43600 BANGI, SELANGOR
    Email : [email protected]

    INTRODUCTION

    MULTI DEGREE OF
    FREEDOM SYSTEM

    Multi degree of freedom systems


    Require multi independent coordinates to describe
    their motion.
    Contain multi natural frequencies
    For free vibration, the vibration amplitudes and
    the natural frequencies are correlated to each
    others.

    INTRODUCTION

    MULTI DEGREE OF
    FREEDOM SYSTEM

    Multi degree of freedom systems


    Require multi independent coordinates to describe
    their motion.
    Contain multi natural frequencies
    For free vibration, the vibration amplitudes and
    the natural frequencies are correlated to each
    others.

    Modeling of Continuous systems as MOF


    systems

    E.g. Model the 3-storey building as a 3


    lumped mass system

    Modeling of Continuous systems as MOF


    systems

    E.g. Model the 16-louver air intake section of Gas


    Turbine

    Modeling of Continuous systems as MOF


    systems

    E.g. Model the 5-louver exhaust system of Gas


    Turbine Chimney

    Modeling of Continuous
    systems as MOF systems

    Method 2: Finite Element Method (FEM)

    INTRODUCTION

    MULTI DEGREE OF
    FREEDOM SYSTEM

    Multi degree of freedom systems


    Contain multi normal modes of vibration
    associated with the multi natural frequencies.

    INTRODUCTION

    MULTI DEGREE OF FREEDOM SYSTEM

    Multi degree of freedom systems


    For harmonic forced vibration, the system will
    vibrate with the frequency of the forced vibration.
    The vibration amplitude reaches max value if the
    forced frequency equal to the any one of the multi
    natural frequencies..

    nd
    2

    Using Newtons
    Law to
    derive Equations of Motion
    Step 1: Set up suitable coordinates to describe
    positions of the various masses in the system.
    Step 2: Measure displacements of the masses
    from their static equilibrium positions
    Step 3: Draw free body diagram and indicate
    forces acting on each mass
    Step 4: Apply Newtons 2nd Law to each mass
    10

    MULTI DEGREE OF FREEDOM SYSTEM


    Force Analysis and Its Solutions

    INTRODUCTION

    General case for multi degree freedom system

    INTRODUCTION

    MULTI DEGREE OF FREEDOM SYSTEM

    Equation of motion
    Equation

    MULTI DEGREE OF FREEDOM SYSTEM


    Equation of motion

    INTRODUCTION

    Equation

    In matrix form
    x1
    x2
    .
    .
    xn
    Equation

    MULTI DEGREE OF FREEDOM SYSTEM

    INTRODUCTION

    General equation

    MULTI DEGREE OF FREEDOM SYSTEM


    In simple form

    INTRODUCTION

    mass
    matrix

    Displacement matrix
    Acceleration
    matrix,
    column

    Stiffness
    matrix

    Every coordinate is measured from fixed reference axis


    and

    So,

    Matrix
    Non diagonal matrix
    Diagonal matrix

    for
    are Symetric.

    MULTI DEGREE OF FREEDOM SYSTEM


    Solution in harmonic form

    INTRODUCTION

    with

    Amplitude
    ColumnMatrix

    Replaced

    into

    MULTI DEGREE OF FREEDOM SYSTEM

    INTRODUCTION

    Use

    Characteristic
    Matrix

    Determinant

    and

    The determinant can be written as:

    MULTI DEGREE OF FREEDOM SYSTEM

    INTRODUCTION

    numerical coefficient
    Real positive root

    is known as eigen value or characteristic number

    into equa
    Substituting
    vibration,
    is obtained, Eigen Vector

    Mode of

    The values of can be obtained using numerical method


    including Iteration, Rayleigh, Holzer and Bairstow methods
    Knowing the values of 1, 2, n, the natural
    frequencies 1, 2, n can be determined

    MULTI DEGREE OF FREEDOM SYSTEM

    INTRODUCTION

    Example

    Assume the dynamic displacement is small and does not change


    the tension in the cable
    (a) Get the equation of motion

    INTRODUCTION

    MULTI DEGREE OF FREEDOM SYSTEM

    spring constant

    MULTI DEGREE OF FREEDOM SYSTEM

    INTRODUCTION

    In matrix form:

    Equation of motion

    MULTI DEGREE OF FREEDOM SYSTEM


    (b) With

    INTRODUCTION

    get the solutions

    Substitute the parameters in the above equation

    MULTI DEGREE OF FREEDOM SYSTEM


    By multiplying with

    and use

    INTRODUCTION

    so that

    Determinant must be equal to zero

    Therefore,

    MULTI DEGREE OF FREEDOM SYSTEM


    By multiplying with

    and use

    INTRODUCTION

    so that

    Substitute = 0.25282, 1.1809 and 2.2329 into the above equation


    For = 0.25282, -1.747A1 + A2 = 0; A1 - 1.242A2 + A3 = 0

    1.747A1 = A2 A2/A1 = 1.747


    A1 - 1.242(1.747A1) + A3 = 0 -1.169A1 + A3 = 0

    -1.169A1 + A3 = 0 A3/A1 = 1.169

    MULTI DEGREE OF FREEDOM SYSTEM


    Mode

    INTRODUCTION

    Mode

    Mode

    Mode

    MULTI DEGREE OF FREEDOM SYSTEM


    Mode

    Mode

    INTRODUCTION

    and

    Mode

    Mode

    MULTI DEGREE OF FREEDOM SYSTEM


    Mode

    Mode

    INTRODUCTION

    and

    Mode

    Mode

    MULTI DEGREE OF FREEDOM SYSTEM

    INTRODUCTION

    k1

    k2

    k3

    k4

    k2

    k1

    k3

    k4

    MULTI DEGREE OF FREEDOM


    SYSTEM

    INTRODUCTION

    In matrix form
    x1
    x2
    .
    .
    xn

    Equation

    INTRODUCTION

    MULTI DEGREE OF FREEDOM SYSTEM

    INTRODUCTION

    MULTI DEGREE OF FREEDOM SYSTEM

    INTRODUCTION

    MULTI DEGREE OF FREEDOM SYSTEM

    INTRODUCTION

    MULTI DEGREE OF FREEDOM SYSTEM

    Mode 1
    A3 = 0.384
    A1 = 0.908

    A2 = 1

    MULTI DEGREE OF FREEDOM SYSTEM


    1st Normal Modes of Vibration

    INTRODUCTION

    X1 , X2 and X3 move to the right


    If X2 moves 1mm to the right,
    X1 moves 0.908 mm to the right
    X3 moves 0.384 mm to the right

    Mode 1
    A3 = 0.384
    A1 = 0.908

    A2 = 1

    INTRODUCTION

    MULTI DEGREE OF FREEDOM SYSTEM

    A1 = -1.375

    Mode 2
    A2 = 1

    Node

    A3 = 1.294

    High probability of failure

    MULTI DEGREE OF FREEDOM SYSTEM


    2nd Normal Modes of Vibration

    INTRODUCTION

    X2 and X3 move to the right


    X1 move to the left

    A1 = -1.375

    If X2 moves 1mm to the right,


    X1 moves 0.908 mm to the right
    X3 moves 0.384 mm to the right
    Mode 2
    A2 = 1

    Node

    A3 = 1.294

    High probability of failure

    INTRODUCTION

    MULTI DEGREE OF FREEDOM SYSTEM

    A2 = 1

    Mode 3

    A1 = -0.534

    Node 1

    Node 2
    A3 = -2.667

    DR NORDIN JAMALUDIN
    Thank You for your attention

    ASSALAMUALAIKUM
    Email : [email protected]

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