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43 Matrix Keypad Interface AVR

Tutorial
Posted On 13 Oct 2010

By Avinash (http://extremeelectronics.co.in/author/Avinash/)

In AVR Tutorials (http://extremeelectronics.co.in/category/avr-tutorials/)

Many application requires large number of keys connected to a computing system. Example
includes a PC keyboard, Cell Phone keypad and Calculators. If we connect a single key to MCU, we
just connect it directly to i/o line (http://extremeelectronics.co.in/avr-tutorials/part-v-digital-ioin-avrs/). But we cannot connect, say 10 or 100 keys directly MCUs i/o. Because :It will eat up precious i/o line.
MCU to Keypad interface will contain lots of wires.
Buy Matrix Keypad in India
(http://shop.extremeelectronics.co.in/index.php?cPath=52)

Buy Matrix Keypad

We want to avoid all these troubles so we use some clever technique. The technique is called
multiplexed matrix keypad. In this technique keys are connected in a matrix (row/column) style as
shown below.
Matrix Keypad Diagram

Matrix Keypad Basic Connection

The rows R0 to R3 are connected to Input lines of Microcontroller. The i/o pins where they are
connected are made Input. This is done by setting the proper DDR Register
(http://extremeelectronics.co.in/avr-tutorials/part-v-digital-io-in-avrs/) in AVR and TRIS Register
in PIC. The column C0 to C3 are also connected to MCUs i/o line. These are kept at High Impedance
State (AKA input), in high z state (z= impedance) state these pins are neither HIGH or LOW they are
in TRISTATE. And in their PORT value we set them all as low, so as soon as we change their DDR bit
to 1 they become output with value LOW.

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One by One we make each Column LOW (from high Z state) and read state of R0 to R3.

Column 0 Selected
As you can see in the image above C0 is made LOW while all other Columns are in HIGH Z State.
We can read the Value of R0 to R3 to get their pressed status. If they are high the button is NOT
pressed. As we have enabled internal pullups on them, these pullups keep their value high when
they are floating (that means NOT connected to anything). But when a key is pressed it is
connected to LOW line from the column thus making it LOW.
After that we make the C0 High Z again and make C1 LOW. And read R0 to R3 again. This gives us
status of the second column of keys. Similarly we scan all columns.

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Column 1 Selected

How to Do it All with AVRs

Each i/o port in AVR has three related registers PORTx, DDRx and PINx. For example port A has
PORTA Port Driver when any bit is set to 1 it appears as HIGH i.e. 5v . But this is the case only
if that bit is OUTPUT. If it is input, setting any bit to 1 enables the internal pullup on that bit.
DDRA DATA DIRECTION REGISTER Make any pin on than port as IN or OUT. When bit is 1 it
represents Output. When bit is 0 it represents Input. Input state is also called tristate or high Z
state.
PINA Read it to get the level (HIGH or LOW) at the actual i/o pin. It is read when the pin is
made input.
So now you know
How to make any i/o line Input(high Z) or Output.
How to enable internal pullup register on input lines.
How to read value that is present on input lines.
Please see the following tutorial for more clarification.
http://extremeelectronics.co.in/avr-tutorials/part-v-digital-io-in-avrs/
(http://extremeelectronics.co.in/avr-tutorials/part-v-digital-io-in-avrs/)

Why we make other Columns High Impedance

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Why we make other Columns High Impedance

while one column is made LOW?
Lets say we selected column number C0, so we make it LOW(i.e. GND or logic 0), in the same time
we make all other columns high impedance (i.e. input). If we dont make other lines high
impedance (tristate or Input) they are in output mode. And in output mode they must be either
LOW(GND or logic 0) or HIGH (5v or logic 1). We cant make other lines LOW as we can select only
one line at a time and C0 is already low as per assumption. So the only other possible state is all
other columns are HIGH. This is shown in figure below. Red colour on column indicate high state
while green is for low state.

Wrong Way!
Suppose at that time the user presses KEY0 and KEY1 simultaneously as shown below.

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Short Circuit !
As you can see clearly that it create a short between C0 (GND) and C1 (5v), this will burn out the
buffer of the MCU immediately!

Short!
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Short!
Thats why all other columns are kept at tristate(neither LOW nor HIGH) but very high input
impedance that prevent either source or sink of current from them. So if we kept C1 at high
impedance state it wont allow current to flow to GND on C0.

avr-gcc C code for 43 matrix keypad

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1/******************************************************************************
2
3ProgramtolearntheuseofMultiplexed4x3keypadwithAVRMicrocontroller.
4
5SpecificSkillsRequired
6>>AVRGPIOdetails.(http://bit.ly/aq3ouw)
7>>LCDLibrary.(http://bit.ly/agVUVc)
8>>OperationsonbitsusingC.(http://bit.ly/aFqg5n)
9
10
11GeneralSkillsRequired
12>>AVRStudioSetupanduse.(http://bit.ly/aZ43SZ)
13>>avrgccsetupanduse.
14
15
16Hardware
17
18ATmega32@16MHzexternalcrystal.
19FuseBytesettingHIGH=C9andLOW=FF(MOSTIMP.)
20
21
22LCD<>AVRConnection
23
24VSS>GND
25VDD>+5V
26VEE>CENTERPINOF10KPOT(OTHERTWOPINOFPOTTO+5VANDGND)
27ADJ.THEPOTUNTILYOUHAVEACLEARTEXTDISPLAY.
28
29RS>PD3
30RW>PD6
31E>PB4
32
33DB0>N/C
34DB1>N/C
35DB2>N/C
36DB3>N/C
37
38DB4>PB0
39DB5>PB1
40DB6>PB2
41DB7>PB3
42
43LED+>+5V(VIA100OHMRES)
44LED>GND
45

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46KEYPAD
47
48COL1>PA6
49COL2>PA5
50COL3>PA4
51
52ROW1>PA3
53ROW2>PA2
54ROW3>PA1
55ROW4>PA0
56
57NOTICE
58
59NOPARTOFTHISWORKCANBECOPIED,DISTRIBUTEDORPUBLISHEDWITHOUTA
60WRITTENPERMISSIONFROMEXTREMEELECTRONICSINDIA.THELIBRARY,NORANYPART
61OFITCANBEUSEDINCOMMERCIALAPPLICATIONS.ITISINTENDEDTOBEUSEDFOR
62HOBBY,LEARNINGANDEDUCATIONALPURPOSEONLY.IFYOUWANTTOUSETHEMIN
63COMMERCIALAPPLICATIONPLEASEWRITETOTHEAUTHOR.
64
65
66WRITTENBY:
67AVINASHGUPTA
[email protected]
69
70
71
72******************************************************************************/
73
74#include<avr/io.h>
75#include<util/delay.h>
76
77#include"lcd.h"
78#include"myutils.h"
79
80#defineKEYPADA//KEYPADISATTACHEDONPORTA
81
82//Don'tTouchthelinesbelow
83//*******************************
84#defineKEYPAD_PORTPORT(KEYPAD)
85#defineKEYPAD_DDRDDR(KEYPAD)
86#defineKEYPAD_PINPIN(KEYPAD)
87//*******************************
88
89
90/*******************************************
91
92Functionreturnthekeycodeofkeypressed

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93ontheKeypad.Keysarenumberedasfollows
94
95[00][01][02]
96[03][04][05]
97[06][07][08]
98[09][10][11]
99
100Arguments:
101None
102
103Return:
104Anynumberbetween011dependingon
105keypressed.
106
107255(hex0xFF)ifNOkeypressed.
108
109Precondition:
110None.Canbecalledwithoutanysetup.
111
112*******************************************/
113uint8_tGetKeyPressed()
114{
115uint8_tr,c;
116
117KEYPAD_PORT|=0X0F;
118
119for(c=0;c<3;c++)
120{
121KEYPAD_DDR&=~(0X7F);
122
123KEYPAD_DDR|=(0X40>>c);
124for(r=0;r<4;r++)
125{
126if(!(KEYPAD_PIN&(0X08>>r)))
127{
128return(r*3+c);
129}
130}
131}
132
133return0XFF;//IndicateNokeypressed
134}
135
136
137voidmain()
138{
139//WaitforLCDToStart

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140_delay_loop_2(0);
141
142//Nowinitializethemodule
143LCDInit(LS_NONE);
144
145uint8_tkey;
146
147while(1)
148{
149key=GetKeyPressed();//Getthekeycodeofpressedkey
150
151LCDWriteIntXY(0,0,key,3);//Printitatlocation0,0onLCD.
152}
153
154}

The above code make use of the LCD Library. You can get more information on LCD Library here :http://extremeelectronics.co.in/avr-tutorials/using-lcd-module-with-avrs/
(http://extremeelectronics.co.in/avr-tutorials/using-lcd-module-with-avrs/)

Hardware for 43 Matrix Keypad and AVR

interface.
The test circuit will be built around ATmega32
(http://shop.extremeelectronics.co.in/product_info.php?cPath=22&products_id=31) microcontroller
(http://extremeelectronics.co.in/avr-tutorials/part-i-introduction/). The output device will be a
162 lcd modul (http://shop.extremeelectronics.co.in/product_info.php?
cPath=25&products_id=32)e. So we set up a basic ATmega32 circuit. The circuit will have the
following :1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

ATmega32 MCU
16MHz Crystal
Reset Circuit.
5v Power Supply Circuit.
ISP (For programming)
LCD Module.
LCD Module Contrast adjust pot.

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(http://digital-wizard.net/download.php?file_name=Schematic_4x3_Keypad_AVR_m32.gif)

ATmega32 + LCD + Keypad Interface.

We have built the above circuit on a Low Cost AVR Development Board
(http://shop.extremeelectronics.co.in/product_info.php?cPath=23&products_id=98), but it does not
has inbuilt LCD Module connector so you need to solder it yourself at the free area (and also do
the wiring).
Compile the above program using AVR Studio (compiler is avr-gcc). And finally burn the program
using any ISP Programmer (http://shop.extremeelectronics.co.in/product_info.php?
cPath=21&products_id=28) to the ATmega32. The fuse bits must be set as following to enable
external crystal as clock source.
High Fuse = C9 (hex value)
Low fuse =FF (hex value)
After burning the HEX file to MCU, finally you are ready to power up the setup. When powered on,
the LCD Screen Should show you the keycode of the key pressed on the keypad. This complete our
test.

Troubleshooting
NO Display on LCD

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Make sure AVR Studio Project is set up for clock frequency of 16MHz (16000000Hz)
Adjust the Contrast Adj Pot.
Press reset few times.
Power On/Off few times.
Connect the LCD only as shown on schematic above.
No response to key press.
Check that keypad is connected on PORTA only.
If you want to attach keypad on different port, change the line 80 on source code (keypad.c)
#defineKEYPADA//KEYPADISATTACHEDONPORTA

Compiler Errors
1. Many people these days has jumped to embedded programming without a solid concept
of computer science and programming. They dont know the basics of compiler and lack
experience. To learn basic of compilers and their working PC/MAC/Linux( I mean a desktop
or laptop) are great platform. But embedded system is not good for learning about
compilers and programming basics. It is for those who already have these skills and just
want to apply it.
2. Make sure all files belonging to the LCD Library are "added" to the "Project".
3. avr-gcc is installed. (The Windows Binary Distribution is called WinAVR
(http://winavr.sourceforge.net/))
4. The AVR Studio project Type is AVR GCC.
5. Basics of Installing and using AVR Studio with avr-gcc is described in this tutorial
(http://extremeelectronics.co.in/avr-tutorials/part-iv-the-hello-world-project/)
6. How to add files to project is described in this tutorial.
(http://extremeelectronics.co.in/avr-tutorials/using-lcd-module-with-avrs/)
General Tips for newbies
Use ready made development boards (http://shop.extremeelectronics.co.in/index.php?
cPath=23) and programmers (http://shop.extremeelectronics.co.in/index.php?cPath=21).
Try to follow the AVR Tutorial Series (http://extremeelectronics.co.in/category/avrtutorials/page/4/) from the very beginning. (Remember the list spans four pages, page 1 is
most recent addition thus most advance)

Video For 43 Keypad Interfacing.

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User Videos

By Brendin

http://extremeelectronics.co.in/avrtutorials/4x3matrixkeypadinterfaceavrtutorial/

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IreallyappreciateBrendinsapproachongettinghisproblemsolvedandsuccessfullyportingthedemoto
ATmega48.WhatIrecommendtheusersistogetyourbasicsstrong.YouneedfullunderstandingofClanguage
conceptandthefulldetailsofthedeviceyouareprogramming,thiswillsaveyoulotsoftime.Sopleasegoandread
thegoodbookonCandthedatasheetofAVRsbeforeyoudivein!Avinash

Downloads
Atmel Studio 6 Project For 43 Keypad Interface. (http://digital-wizard.net/download.php?
file_name=AS6_M32_4x3MatrixKeypadDemo1.zip)
Proteus Simulation (http://digital-wizard.net/download.php?
file_name=SIM_M32_4x3Keypad.zip)
HEX Code ready to burn to ATmega32 (http://digital-wizard.net/download.php?
file_name=4x3MatrixKeypadDemo1_m32.hex)

Help Us!
We try to publish beginner friendly tutorials for latest subjects in embedded system as fast as we
can. If you like these tutorials and they have helped you solve problems, please help us in return.
You can donate any amount as you like securely using a Credit or Debit Card or Paypal.

We would be very thankful for your kind help.

By
Avinash Gupta
Facebook (http://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=100000536005502), Follow on Twitter
(http://twitter.com/eXtremeElec).
www.AvinashGupta.com (http://www.AvinashGupta.com)
[email protected] (mailto:[email protected])

Avinash
(http://extremeelectronics.co.in/author/Avinash/
Avinash Gupta is solely focused on free and high quality tutorial to make learning
embedded system fun !
More Posts (http://extremeelectronics.co.in/author/Avinash/) - Website
(http://extremeelectronics.co.in)

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55 thoughts on 43 Matrix Keypad Interface

AVR Tutorial
By Mayukh Banerjee - October 16, 2010 12:29 pm
Reply (/avr-tutorials/4x3-matrix-keypad-interface-avr-tutorial/?
replytocom=13571#respond)
Hi Avinash,
great tutorial again, but you diddnt add the .c file as a part of the download. It would
have helped to find out how your program actually works!!
Regards,
Mayukh.

By Avinash - October 16, 2010 12:55 pm

Reply (/avr-tutorials/4x3-matrix-keypad-interface-avr-tutorial/?
replytocom=13572#respond)
All the files are provided at the end! I think you should be more careful before
complaining. This confuses the other readers

By Mayukh Banerjee - October 16, 2010 6:00 pm

Reply (/avr-tutorials/4x3-matrix-keypad-interface-avr-tutorial/?
replytocom=13577#respond)
Hi Avinash,
the objective was to remove my confusion!! When i checked ur site, i diddnt see the first
link under downloads (which does not necessarily mean it was not there). I wanted to

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compare my code (for a 44 kpad) with yours (keeping yours as referance ) as my

approach for scanning the keys was somewhat different, making use of one loop and
without the shifting.
Regards,
Mayukh.

By Brendin - October 20, 2010 4:35 am

Reply (/avr-tutorials/4x3-matrix-keypad-interface-avr-tutorial/?
replytocom=13647#respond)
Great tutorial. Could this be adapted for my atmega48 mcu? I was able to get the LCD
tutorial to compile for the 48 but this one wont build.
Build started 19.10.2010 at 17:05:01
avr-gcc -mmcu=atmega48 -Wall -gdwarf-2 -std=gnu99 -DF_CPU=16000000UL -O2
-funsigned-char -funsigned-bitfields -fpack-struct -fshort-enums -MD -MP -MT
Keypad.o -MF dep/Keypad.o.d -c ../Keypad.c
../Keypad.c: In function GetKeyPressed:
../Keypad.c:117: error: PORTA undeclared (first use in this function)
../Keypad.c:117: error: (Each undeclared identifier is reported only once
../Keypad.c:117: error: for each function it appears in.)
../Keypad.c:121: error: DDRA undeclared (first use in this function)
../Keypad.c:126: error: PINA undeclared (first use in this function)
../Keypad.c: At top level:
../Keypad.c:137: warning: return type of main is not int
make: *** [Keypad.o] Error 1
Build failed with 5 errors and 1 warnings

By Brendin - October 20, 2010 4:43 am

Reply (/avr-tutorials/4x3-matrix-keypad-interface-avr-tutorial/?
replytocom=13648#respond)
Sorrybut I got it to compileI just needed to change to Keypad.c to use PORT B.
#define KEYPAD B //KEYPAD IS ATTACHED ON PORTA
I will try and breadboard it and see if it works.

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By Brendin - October 20, 2010 6:47 am

Reply (/avr-tutorials/4x3-matrix-keypad-interface-avr-tutorial/?
replytocom=13650#respond)
I got it working on the atmega48. I needed to also set the reset pin disable to set PC6 as I/O
(this unfortunately means I can no longer program with the ISP programmer). The code works
for every button except 2 and 3 (using a 43 keypad 2 and 3 are equivalent to 2nd and 3rd
button on the top row in this tutorial). When I hold down the 2 button the LCD flashes between
0 and 1 very fast. When I hold down 3 button the same thing happens but flashes between 0
and 2. All the other buttons work properly
I am not using an external clock. Fuse settings are Low=E2 High=5F and Extended=FF
What would cause this?
thanks,
Brendin

By Brendin - October 20, 2010 8:27 am

Reply (/avr-tutorials/4x3-matrix-keypad-interface-avr-tutorial/?
replytocom=13655#respond)
I changed some things around and got it working. I put the lcd data on port C and the
keypad on port B. Now I dont have to worry about setting port c6 as an input and
disabling reset. All of the keys output as expected. Here is a youtube link.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7buBfN0kn04 (http://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=7buBfN0kn04)
Changes I made
lcd.h
/************************************************
LCD CONNECTIONS
*************************************************/
#define LCD_DATA C //Port PB0 TO PB3 are connected to D4-D7
#define LCD_E C //Enable/strobe signal
#define LCD_E_POS PC4 // PB4 Position of enable in above port
Keypad.c
#define KEYPAD B //KEYPAD IS ATTACHED ON PORTA

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By Avinash - October 20, 2010 9:02 am

Reply (/avr-tutorials/4x3-matrix-keypad-interface-avr-tutorial/?
replytocom=13656#respond)
@Brendin
Congratulation on your success in porting the code to ATmega48!

By phani chakravarthi - October 22, 2010 11:15 pm

Reply (/avr-tutorials/4x3-matrix-keypad-interface-avr-tutorial/?
replytocom=13713#respond)
hi avinash..!!nice tutorial again..very helpful to me..
thank you..!

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(http://mohamedsherief.wordpress.com/2011/02/07/i-deliver-robot/)
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By maxmiaggi - June 18, 2011 12:22 am
Reply (/avr-tutorials/4x3-matrix-keypad-interface-avr-tutorial/?
replytocom=23843#respond)
Hi Avinash
I have interfaced a 44 keypad using atmega32 and I face similar problems as Brendin.
I mean, whenever I press the 2nd, 3rd and 4th keys, the display flashes between 0 and
1, 0 and 2, 0 and 3 respectively. Unlike his case, the problem did not solve by changing
the ports

By Avinash - June 18, 2011 8:56 am

Reply (/avr-tutorials/4x3-matrix-keypad-interface-avr-tutorial/?

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replytocom=23862#respond)
@maxmiaggi
Bring out your oscilloscope, logic analyzer and in circuit emulator and fire your
debugger !!!!!
Coz I have got no ESP like spiderman.

By Maruf - August 13, 2011 12:40 pm

Reply (/avr-tutorials/4x3-matrix-keypad-interface-avr-tutorial/?
replytocom=27321#respond)
Hi Avinash
Great Work.keep going. please give complete tutorial how to interface LCD with
ATmega32 microcontroller with codethank u for your time

By Sinet Rags - September 13, 2011 9:51 pm

Reply (/avr-tutorials/4x3-matrix-keypad-interface-avr-tutorial/?
replytocom=28374#respond)
@ Maruf ,
U have to climb b4 u reach the hilltop, so b4 commentin plz check the complete archive
of this website. Its all given.
LCD module has been explained quite well.
@ Avinash .
Gr8 work dude . Can u post an article on how to hack/mod an RF toy car and put it to
use instead of buying an new RF module .
Lol , only for those who already have a toy car at hom. !

By Avinash - September 14, 2011 8:13 am

Reply (/avr-tutorials/4x3-matrix-keypad-interface-avr-tutorial/?
replytocom=28391#respond)
@Sinet,
Its better to use ready made RF Module because.

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1)Better quality.
2)Optimized for data transfer.
3)Cheap

By Arkyro - August 16, 2013 8:02 pm

Reply (/avr-tutorials/4x3-matrix-keypad-interface-avr-tutorial/?
replytocom=68522#respond)
Hi, Google hack toy car to make wireless robot the first link that come should be
what you are looking for

By Sinet Rags - September 15, 2011 10:14 am

Reply (/avr-tutorials/4x3-matrix-keypad-interface-avr-tutorial/?
replytocom=28425#respond)
@Avinash
I understand ur point of view . but if a person has already got a toy car , all opened
up then why hesitate in experimenting. If u have time can u atleast tell how can i
connect an AtmegaXX to the RF toy car circuit Correct me if i am wrong anywhere .
Another question is how can i increase aerial data transfer range if i bought a RF
module, for, currently i noe its limited to a modest span of some feet. Cuz elec.mag
waves can propagate long distances.
Is it achieved with the aid of repeaters (Power Boosting ). And if i dont have
repeaters(non commercial experimentation) then how can i increase range of RF
module by increasing its Power i/p .

By Avinash - September 15, 2011 10:20 am

Reply (/avr-tutorials/4x3-matrix-keypad-interface-avr-tutorial/?
replytocom=28426#respond)
@Sinet Rags,
Their are various RF Toy car in the market. Each one has a module made specially for
that car.
Even the cheapest RF module works great at-least giving 50 feet range in full urban
environment.

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If your is giving only few feets then their may be series design fault in your designs.

By Sinet Rags - September 15, 2011 10:24 am

Reply (/avr-tutorials/4x3-matrix-keypad-interface-avr-tutorial/?
replytocom=28428#respond)
@ Avinash
any coding tricks in order to reduce the size of this code ???
In the p section a user can delete a written character .
Feedback required / THANKS !

By Sinet Rags - September 15, 2011 10:30 am

Reply (/avr-tutorials/4x3-matrix-keypad-interface-avr-tutorial/?
replytocom=28429#respond)
@ Avinash . dude remove my code . it isnt full . if u dont mind i can post the complete
code ! its ready . tested . woking

By Rahul Ch - January 24, 2012 4:06 pm

Reply (/avr-tutorials/4x3-matrix-keypad-interface-avr-tutorial/?
replytocom=37987#respond)
Hi Avinash,
As Brendin said that to use PC6 as input we have to disable RESET. Then,
1. How can we program AVR in such cases?
2. Whenever, I use PC6 as output, on pressing the
RESET switch, how does RESET gets activated,or,
what happens internally??? Does it generate some
kind of interrpt???
3. Somedays ago in a wireless robo-boat championship I
saw that none of the boats were working.
All the boats had RF modules attached all of the
same frequency, but DIFFERENT ADDRESS BITS set in
the Rx and Tx. Can you explain? Is it because all

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of them were trying to work at the same frequency?

If yes, Why are address bits provided in Rx and Tx
modules using a DIP switch..
Thank You in advance

By Sagar - February 24, 2012 7:37 pm

Reply (/avr-tutorials/4x3-matrix-keypad-interface-avr-tutorial/?
replytocom=38542#respond)
@Avinash
Plz guide me for how to interface 4*4 touch keypad to atmega 32.

By Sagar - February 25, 2012 4:30 pm

Reply (/avr-tutorials/4x3-matrix-keypad-interface-avr-tutorial/?
replytocom=38561#respond)
and if u have any readymade module for the same purpose then let me know.

By ydhakal - March 7, 2012 12:17 pm

Reply (/avr-tutorials/4x3-matrix-keypad-interface-avr-tutorial/?
replytocom=39127#respond)
where is the pdf version for this ?

By Girish - March 26, 2012 10:30 pm

Reply (/avr-tutorials/4x3-matrix-keypad-interface-avr-tutorial/?
replytocom=39811#respond)
@avinash can u tell me how to use this code for 4X4 keypad ?
i am a beginner kindly help me !!

By Tamilvanan.A - April 6, 2012 10:11 am

Reply (/avr-tutorials/4x3-matrix-keypad-interface-avr-tutorial/?

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replytocom=39974#respond)
The program works no doubt in that.
But, you might encounter some key malfunctioning problems if you dont add a 1ms or
2ms delay before reading the inputs especially when you are running at 16MHz.
Its always advisable to add a 1ms or 2ms delay after you change the state of the port
pins before reading.
If anybody encounters a problem with interfacing with the above program, kindly add
_delay_ms(1); in line 122 and between lines 123 and 124. If problem persists increase
the delay to 2ms.

By Max - October 25, 2013 4:32 am

Reply (/avr-tutorials/4x3-matrix-keypad-interface-avr-tutorial/?
replytocom=78195#respond)
Thank you so much for this comment. I amended his code for my own 44 keypad
and spent hours wondering why my first row wasnt quite working until I read your
comment and added a few asm nops in there, thank you so much. Works a charm.

By Avinash - November 12, 2013 8:02 pm

@Max
Thanks for feedback !

By vick - April 21, 2012 11:44 am

Reply (/avr-tutorials/4x3-matrix-keypad-interface-avr-tutorial/?
replytocom=40347#respond)
Can I get the pdf version of this article ?

By X Man Emran - April 25, 2012 8:39 am

Reply (/avr-tutorials/4x3-matrix-keypad-interface-avr-tutorial/?
replytocom=40493#respond)

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Please give me matrix keypad interface code for PIC 16f84 microconttrolar in C
language. plzzzzzzzzzzzzz help me.

By Sunny Ghuman - April 25, 2012 8:28 pm

Reply (/avr-tutorials/4x3-matrix-keypad-interface-avr-tutorial/?
replytocom=40504#respond)
@Emran this is advance of C code.You can change for different micro controller with
vary few changes.No one can write code for every micro controller and compiler.If you
know about the 16f84 then change it according to your requirement.other wise jaisa
bana hai bana do jayada tension kyun lena.

By vick - April 26, 2012 7:12 am

Reply (/avr-tutorials/4x3-matrix-keypad-interface-avr-tutorial/?
replytocom=40526#respond)
Can I have the pdf fille of this ?
Thank you

By nikhilr57 - November 5, 2012 5:37 pm

Reply (/avr-tutorials/4x3-matrix-keypad-interface-avr-tutorial/?
replytocom=45613#respond)
What changes should i make if i want to read multiple keys at same time. more than
one keys will be pressed at a same time, and i want to read them. Thanks

Pingback: 34 Keypad | Ketturi electronics (http://ketturi.kapsi.fi/2013/04/3x4-keypad/)

By nyoman - May 3, 2013 5:26 pm
Reply (/avr-tutorials/4x3-matrix-keypad-interface-avr-tutorial/?
replytocom=53282#respond)
use diode in reverse to the output pin and pull up all portthats it .. simple

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By Sgr - May 31, 2013 11:05 am

Reply (/avr-tutorials/4x3-matrix-keypad-interface-avr-tutorial/?
replytocom=55492#respond)
Mr. Avinash,
Thank you very much for such an elaborate tutorial.
I was trying to interface a 4 x 4 key pad with MSP430x, after few hick-ups in the beginning I was
able to debug the problems and resolve them.
Once again thank you very much for your article.
regards,
s--g--r

By Avinash - May 31, 2013 11:58 am

Reply (/avr-tutorials/4x3-matrix-keypad-interface-avr-tutorial/?
replytocom=55501#respond)
@Sagar,
Welcome.

By Mohammad - June 26, 2013 8:54 pm

Reply (/avr-tutorials/4x3-matrix-keypad-interface-avr-tutorial/?
replytocom=58542#respond)
thank for your code.
but in line 28 have a problem and must be 3*r-c to get right number

By Krishna - August 30, 2013 12:25 pm

Reply (/avr-tutorials/4x3-matrix-keypad-interface-avr-tutorial/?
replytocom=70889#respond)
Dear Avinash How to convert this program like mobile key pad say 1 key have 3
charters to display.kindly help me out please

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By jay dubey - October 24, 2013 5:06 pm
Reply (/avr-tutorials/4x3-matrix-keypad-interface-avr-tutorial/?
replytocom=78187#respond)
hi Avinash sir, i tried to interface 4*4 keypad with atmega16 but it displays numbers
more then one time. e.g if i press 1 it displays 111111.

By muhammad - December 25, 2013 2:18 pm

Reply (/avr-tutorials/4x3-matrix-keypad-interface-avr-tutorial/?
replytocom=78952#respond)
may i know how to use keypad by using assembly language(i mean code in
assembly laguage for keypad)

By abhishek - February 2, 2014 10:00 pm

Reply (/avr-tutorials/4x3-matrix-keypad-interface-avr-tutorial/?
replytocom=80591#respond)
your tutorials are very helpful.but the main problem is in assigning keys to a
keyboard.we want to do a mini calculator projectplz help in coding using
atmega32 in c

By Soni - June 29, 2014 9:31 pm

Reply (/avr-tutorials/4x3-matrix-keypad-interface-avr-tutorial/?
replytocom=84003#respond)
I need to interface both the keypad and the Graphical LCD (ks0108 controller) with
ATMEGA 16 or 32. can you please be helpful?

By Soprano - August 1, 2014 4:31 pm

Reply (/avr-tutorials/4x3-matrix-keypad-interface-avr-tutorial/?
replytocom=84833#respond)

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Hi hi Avinash,
Great tutorial. Is it possible to use another value of XTAL or internal XTAL?
Thank

By soprano - August 4, 2014 12:23 am

Reply (/avr-tutorials/4x3-matrix-keypad-interface-avr-tutorial/?
replytocom=84853#respond)
Hi Avinash,
Thank you for this great tutorial. I need your help. I have built the the 43 Matrix
Keypad Interface AVR Tutorial using Atmega162.
I did not change anything only the microcontroller. I kept the c code as it is. I built it
exactly as yours but i am not getting the digit in the LCD as yours. I am getting random
keys.
My question is the keypad has got 7 pins and could you please help me to find out
which one is pin1 to pin7 and which pin is columns and rows.
I have buzzed the keypad and I came out with this configuration:
ROW1->PIN2->PA0
ROW2->PIN7->PA1
ROW3->PIN6->PA3
ROW4->PIN4->PA4
COL1->PIN3->PA6
COL2->PIN1->PA5
COL3->PIN5->PA4
Another question is from other website I have found out that they connect the column
with 150 Ohms resistor and the row with 10K to ground, why?
Regards,

By sivaramakrishna - August 27, 2014 4:20 pm

Reply (/avr-tutorials/4x3-matrix-keypad-interface-avr-tutorial/?
replytocom=85148#respond)
please help me with the c-program for interfacing 4*4 keypad with ATMEGA8 in avr
studios programmers notepad.

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By sivaram - August 30, 2014 9:13 pm

Reply (/avr-tutorials/4x3-matrix-keypad-interface-avr-tutorial/?
replytocom=85197#respond)
Please tell me how can u detect the column(i.e,how can u decide ur column when all
columns are made zero)
when some one presses a key and wants to read the number?

By nani - October 24, 2014 10:36 pm

Reply (/avr-tutorials/4x3-matrix-keypad-interface-avr-tutorial/?
replytocom=86288#respond)
how to interface capacitive or resistive touch screen to android tablet using atmega32
controller

By OMID FATEMI - June 19, 2015 5:30 pm

Reply (/avr-tutorials/4x3-matrix-keypad-interface-avr-tutorial/?
replytocom=92000#respond)
THANK YOU VERY MUCH!
IT HELPED US VERY LOT! THIS IS OUR PROJECT
:******

By Avinash - June 19, 2015 6:27 pm

Reply (/avr-tutorials/4x3-matrix-keypad-interface-avr-tutorial/?
replytocom=92001#respond)
@OMID FATEMI
I am glad that you found this useful

By mani - July 15, 2015 11:31 pm

Reply (/avr-tutorials/4x3-matrix-keypad-interface-avr-tutorial/?
replytocom=92697#respond)

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sir,This is so nice notes for beginners . so, I want you have to develop your website
much more for beginners to involve in embedded systems compared to other
technology .
I am so glad for your notes.Thank you very much.

By Ankit kaushik - August 20, 2015 12:21 pm

Reply (/avr-tutorials/4x3-matrix-keypad-interface-avr-tutorial/?
replytocom=93436#respond)
namaskar Avinash ji
thanks a lot..This project was very helpful for me.
I just want to know, how can i get input of two digit number(like 11,23,45 etc) from 43
keypad.
can you tell me the logic or any modification in code.
thanking you.

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