Test 15

GRE
MATH

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GRE Math Tests

Questions:24
Time: 45 minutes

[Quantitative Comparison Question]

1.
Column A

y0

x/y

[Quantitative Comparison Question]

Column A
2.

Column B
xy

For any positive integer n, n!

denotes the product of all the
integers from 1 through n.

1!(10 1)!

Column B

2!(10 2)!

[Multiple-choice Question Select One Answer Choice Only]

3. A housing subdivision contains only two types of homes: ranch-style homes and townhomes. There
are twice as many townhomes as ranch-style homes. There are 3 times as many townhomes with
pools than without pools. What is the probability that a home selected at random from the subdivision
will be a townhome with a pool?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)

1/6
1/5
1/4
1/3
1/2

286

Test 15Questions

[Quantitative Comparison Question]

Column A
4.

Column B

The difference between two

angles of a triangle

179.5

[Quantitative Comparison Question]

5.
Column A

Column B

Volume of a cylinder with

a height of 10

Volume of a cone with a

height of 10

[Multiple-choice Question Select One or More Answer Choices]

6.
In the figure, if AB = 8, BC = 6, AE = 10, BD = 16 and the two given triangles are similar triangles,
then DE could equal which of the following?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)

12
13
14.4
15.8
18

A
8

10

C
6

16

287

GRE Math Tests

[Multiple-choice Question Select One Answer Choice Only]

7.
In the figure, ABCD is a parallelogram. Which one of the following is true?
(A) x < y
(B) x > q
(C) x > p
(D) y > p
(E) y > q
y

x
q
30
31
p

[Multiple-choice Question Select One Answer Choice Only]

8.
In the figure, ABCD is a rectangle. The area of quadrilateral EBFD is one-half the area of the
rectangle ABCD. Which one of the following is the value of AD ?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)
A

5
6
7
12
15
B

4
F

E
3

288

Test 15Questions

[Quantitative Comparison Question]

Column A
9.

The perimeter of rectangle ABCD

is 5/2 times as long as the side AB.

Length of side AB

Column B
Length of side BC

[Multiple-choice Question Select One Answer Choice Only]

10. The distance between cities A and B is 120 miles. A car travels from A to B at 60 miles per hour and
returns from B to A along the same route at 40 miles per hour. What is the average speed for the
round trip?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)

48
50
52
56
58

[Quantitative Comparison Question]

Column A
11.

x = 1/y

x + 1 + 1/x

y + 1 + 1/y

[Multiple-choice Question Select One or More Answer Choices]

12. Which two of the following numbers are closest to 1?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)

Column B

3
3 + 0.3
3
3+ 0.32
3
3
0.3
3
3
0.32
3
3 + 0.33

289

GRE Math Tests

[Quantitative Comparison Question]

Column A
13.

7x + 3y = 12
3x + 7y = 8

xy

Column B
1

[Multiple-choice Question Select One Answer Choice Only]

14. If x + y = 7 and x2 + y2 = 25, then which one of the following equals the value of x3 + y3 ?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)

7
25
35
65
91

[Quantitative Comparison Question]

Column A
15.

The monthly rainfall (in inches)

for the first eight months of the
year was 2, 4, 4, 5, 7, 9, 10, 11.

The mean monthly rainfall for

the 8 months

Column B

The median of the rainfall for

the 8 months

290

Test 15Questions

[Quantitative Comparison Question]

Column A
16.

A certain recipe requires 3/2 cups

of sugar and makes 2-dozen
cookies.

Column B

The number of cups of sugar

required for the same recipe to
make 30 cookies

[Numeric Entry]
17. The cost of production of a certain instrument is directly proportional to the number of units
produced. The cost of production for 300 units is $300. What is the cost of production for 270 units?

[Multiple-choice Question Select One Answer Choice Only]

18. If a sprinter takes 30 steps in 9 seconds, how many steps does he take in 54 seconds?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)

130
170
173
180
200

291

GRE Math Tests

[Multiple-choice Question Select One or More Answer Choices]

19. If 9/100 of x is 9, then which of the following are true?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)
(F)
(G)

y percent of x is y
1/4 of x is 0.25
x is 120% of 80
x is 9 percent of 90
90 percent of x is 9
x percent of x is x
1/x is 1/x percent of x

[Quantitative Comparison Question]

Column A
20.

Column B

Distance between point A and a

point that is located 8 miles
East of point P, if Point P is
located 6 miles North of point
A

Distance between point B and a

point that is located 6 miles
West of point Q, if Point Q is
located 8 miles South of point
B

[Multiple-choice Question Select One Answer Choice Only]

21. Hose A can fill a tank in 5 minutes, and Hose B can fill the same tank in 6 minutes. How many tanks
would Hose B fill in the time Hose A fills 6 tanks?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)

3
4
5
5.5
6

292

Test 15Questions

[Multiple-choice Question Select One Answer Choice Only]

22. A worker is hired for 7 days. Each day, he is paid 10 dollars more than what he is paid for the
preceding day of work. The total amount he was paid in the first 4 days of work equaled the total
amount he was paid in the last 3 days. What was his starting pay?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)

90
138
153
160
163

[Multiple-choice Question Select One Answer Only]

23. Thirty airmail and 40 ordinary envelopes are the only envelopes in a bag. Thirty-five envelopes in the
bag are unstamped, and 5/7 of the unstamped envelopes are airmail letters. What is the probability
that an envelope picked randomly from the bag is an ordinary airmail envelope?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)

1/7
1/3
5/14
17/38
23/70

[Multiple-choice Question Select One Answer Choice Only]

24. There are 3 doors to a lecture room. In how many ways can a lecturer enter and leave the room?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)

1
3
6
9
12

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GRE Math Tests

Answers and Solutions Test 15:

Question
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.

Answer
D
A
E
D
D
C, E
C
C
A
A
C
B, D
C
E
A
B
270
D
D, F, G
C
C
A
A
D

If you got 18/24 correct on this test, you are likely to get 750+ on the actual GRE by the time you
complete all the tests in the book.

1. If x = y = 1, then both columns equal 1. If x = y = 2, then x/y = 1 and xy = 4. In this case, the columns
are unequal. The answer is (D).

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294

Test 15Solutions

2. First, subtracting the numbers in the parentheses yields

Column A

Column B

1!  9!

2!  8!

As defined, 2! = 2  1 = 2 and 8! = 8  7  6  5  4  3  2  1. Hence, in Column B, we have

2!  8! = 2(8  7  6  5  4  3  2  1)
Similarly, 1! equals the product of the integers from 1 through 1. Hence, 1! = 1. Also, 9! = 9  8  7  6  5  4 
3  2  1. Hence, in Column A, we have
1!  9! = 1(9  8  7  6  5  4  3  2  1) = 9  8  7  6  5  4  3  2  1
Now, rewriting 9  8  7  6  5  4  3  2  1 as 9(8  7  6  5  4  3  2  1) yields
Column A
9(8  7  6  5  4  3  2  1)

Column B
2(8  7  6  5  4  3  2  1)

Finally, dividing both columns by 8  7  6  5  4  3  2  1 yields

Column A
9

Column B
2

The answer is (A).

3. Since there are twice as many townhomes as ranch-style homes, the probability of selecting a townhome
is 2/3.* Now, there are 3 times as many townhomes with pools than without pools. So the probability
that a townhome will have a pool is 3/4. Hence, the probability of selecting a townhome with a pool is

2 3 1

=
3 4 2
The answer is (E).

4. Suppose the angles of the triangle measure 179.8, 0.1, and 0.1. Then the difference between the first
two angles of the triangle is 179.8 0.1 = 179.7 > Column B and the difference between the last two angles
is 0.1 0.1 = 0 < Column B.
Hence, we have a double case, and the answer is (D).

* Caution: Were you tempted to choose 1/2 for the probability because there are twice as many
townhomes? One-half (= 50%) would be the probability if there were an equal number of townhomes and
ranch-style homes. Remember the probability of selecting a townhome is not the ratio of townhomes to
ranch-style homes, but the ratio of townhomes to the total number of homes. To see this more clearly,
suppose there are 3 homes in the subdivision. Then 2 would be townhomes and 1 would be a ranch-style
home. So the ratio of townhomes to total homes would be 2/3.

295

GRE Math Tests

5. Since we are not given the radius of the cylinder, we can make the cylinder very narrow or very broad
by taking the radius to very small or very large. The same can be done with the cone. Hence, we have a
double case, and the answer is (D).
6. Corresponding sides of similar triangles are proportional.
If ABC
ADE, then

AB AD
=
BC DE
8 8 +16
=
6
DE
6
24
DE =
= 18
8
If ABC
AED, then

AB BC AC
=
=
AE ED AD
8
6
10
=
=
10 + CE ED 8 +16
24
ED =

6 = 14.4
10
The answers are (C) and (E).
7. Since ABCD is a parallelogram, opposite sides are equal. So, x = q and y = p. Now, line BD is a
transversal cutting opposite sides AB and DC in the parallelogram. So, the alternate interior angles ABD
and BDC both equal 31. Hence, in ABD, B (which equals 31) is greater than D (which equals 30,
from the figure). Since the sides opposite greater angles in a triangle are greater, we have x > y. But, y = p
(we know). Hence, x > p, and the answer is (C).
8. From the figure, it is clear that the area of quadrilateral EBFD equals the sum of the areas of the
triangles EBD and DBF. Hence, the area of the quadrilateral EBFD
= area of EBD + area of DBF
= 1/2  ED  AB + 1/2  BF  DC

area of a triangle equals 1/2  base  height

= 1/2  3  AB + 1/2  4  DC

from the figure, ED = 3 and BF = 4

= (3/2)AB + 2DC
= (3/2)AB + 2AB

opposite sides AB and DC must be equal

= (7/2)AB
Now, the formula for the area of a rectangle is length  width. Hence, the area of the rectangle ABCD
equals AD  AB. Since we are given that the area of quadrilateral EBFD is half the area of the rectangle
ABCD, we have

1
7
( AD
AB) = AB
2
2
AD  AB = 7AB
AD = 7

(by canceling AB from both sides)

The answer is (C).

296

Test 15Solutions

9. The ordering ABCD indicates that AB and BC are adjacent sides of a rectangle with common vertex B
(see figure below).
A

Remember that the perimeter of a rectangle is equal to twice its length plus twice its width. Hence,
P = 2AB + 2BC
We are given that the perimeter is 5/2 times the length of side AB. Replacing the left-hand side of the
equation with

5
AB yields
2

5
AB = 2AB + 2BC
2
5AB = 4AB + 4BC
AB = 4BC

(by multiplying the equation by 2)

(by subtracting 4AB from both sides)

Thus, the length of side AB is four times as long as side BC. Hence, side AB is greater than side BC. The
answer is (A).

10. We can eliminate 50 (the mere average of 40 and 60) since that would be too elementary. Now, the
average must be closer to 40 than to 60 because the car travels for a longer time at 40 mph. But 48 is the
only number given that is closer to 40 than to 60. The answer is (A).

Total Distance
. Now, a car traveling at 40
Total Time
mph will cover 120 miles in 3 hours. And a car traveling at 60 mph will cover the same 120 miles in 2
hours. So, the total traveling time is 5 hours. Hence, for the round trip, the average speed is

Its instructive to also calculate the answer. Average Speed =

120 + 120
= 48
5

11. Substituting 1/y for x in Column A yields

1
1
+1+
=
1
y
y
1
+1+ y =
y
Column B
The answer is (C).

297

GRE Math Tests

12. Lets subtract 1 from each answer-choice. The answer-choice that has the lowest positive value should
be closest to 1.
Choice (A):

3
3
(3+ 0.3)

0.3

0.3
1

1 =
=
=
= . Hence, Choice (A) is 1/11 units away from 1.
3+ 0.3
3+ 0.3
3+ 0.3 3.3 11

3
(3+ 0.32 )

0.32

0.09

0.09
9
3
. Hence, Choice (B) is 9/309


1
=
=
=
=
=
2
2
2
3+ 0.09 3.09 309
3+ 0.3
3+ 0.3
3+ 0.3
units away from 1. Since 9/309 is less than 1/11, Choice (B) is closer than Choice (A).

Choice (B):

3
3
(3
0.3) 0.3 1

1 =
=
= . Hence, Choice (C) is 1/9 units away from 1. Clearly, this
3
0.3
3
0.3
2.7 9
is greater than 9/309. Hence, Choice (A), the second closest is closer than Choice (C). Hence, eliminate
choice (C).

Choice (C):

3
(3
0.32 )
0.32
0.09
9
3
. Hence, Choice (D) is 9/291 units away


1
=
=
=
=
2
2
2
2.91 291
3
0.3
3
0.3
3
0.3
from 1. This is less than 1/11. Hence, Choice (D) is closer than Choice (A). Hence, eliminate choice (A).

Choice (D):

3
3
(3 + 0.33)
0.33
33
. So, Choice (E) is 33/333 units away from 1. This is

1 =
=
=
3 + 0.33
3 + 0.33
3.33 333
greater than 9/291, the second closest number. Hence, eliminate choice (E).

Choice (E):

The answer is (B) and (D).

13. We are given the two equations:

7x + 3y = 12
3x + 7y = 8
Subtracting the bottom equation from the top equation yields
(7x + 3y) (3x + 7y) = 12 8
7x + 3y 3x 7y = 4
4x 4y = 4
4(x y) = 4
xy=1
Hence, Column A equals 1; and since Column B also equals 1, the answer is (C).

14. Solving the top equation for y yields y = 7 x. Substituting this into the bottom equation yields
x2 + (7 x)2 = 25
x2 + 49 14x + x2 = 25
2x2 14x + 24 = 0
x2 7x + 12 = 0
(x 3)(x 4) = 0
x 3 = 0 or x 4 = 0
x = 3 or x = 4
If x = 3, then y = 7 3 = 4. If x = 4, then y = 7 4 = 3. In either case, x3 + y3 = 33 + 43 = 27 + 64 = 91. The
answer is (E).

298

Test 15Solutions

15. Column A: The mean rainfall for the 8 months is the sum of the eight rainfall measurements divided by
8:

2 + 4 + 4 + 5+ 7 + 9 +10 +11
= 6.5
8
Column B: When a set of numbers is arranged in order of size, the median is the middle number. If a set
contains an even number of elements, then the median is the average of the two middle elements. The
average of 5 and 7 is 6, which is the median of the set. Hence, Column A is greater than Column B, and the
answer is (A).
16. This problem can be solved by setting up a proportion between the number of cookies and the number
of cups of sugar required to make the corresponding number of cookies. Since there are 12 items in a
dozen, 2-dozen cookies is 2  12 = 24 cookies. Since 3/2 cups are required to make the 24 cookies, we have
the proportion

24 cookies 30 cookies
=
3
x cups
cookies
2
24x = 30  3/2 = 45
x = 45/24

by Cross-multiplying

Hence, Column A equals 45/24, which is less than 2 (= Column B). Hence, Column B is greater, and the
answer is (B).
17. The cost of production is proportional to the number of units produced. Hence, we have the equation
The Cost of Production = k  Quantity
(where k is a constant)
We are given that 300 units cost 300 dollars. Putting this in the proportionality equation yields
300 = k  300
Solving the equation for k yields k = 300/300 = 1. Hence, the Cost of Production of 270 units equals
k  270 = 1  270 = 270
Enter 270 in the grid.
18. This is a direct proportion: as the time increases so does the number of steps that the sprinter takes.
Setting ratios equal yields

30
x
=
9 54
30
54
=x
9
180 = x
The answer is (D).
19. We are given that 9/100 of x is 9. Now, 9/100 of x can be expressed as 9% of x. Hence, 9% of x is 9.
Hence, 25 percent of x must equal 25. The choice (A) is correct. Similarly, x% of x must be x and 1/x
percent of x must be 1/x. Hence, choice (F) and (G) are also correct. Note, this is so because x is 100 so n%
of 100 is n.
Select (D), (F), and (G).

299

GRE Math Tests

20. Column A:
First, place point A arbitrarily. Then locate point P 6 miles North of point A, and then locate a new point 8
miles East of P. Name the new point M. Now, Column A equals AM. The map drawn should look like this:
P

8 miles

Point M

6 miles

Since the angle between the standard directions East and South is 90, the three points A, P and M form a
right triangle, with right angle at P. So, AM is the hypotenuse. By The Pythagorean Theorem, the
hypotenuse equals the square root of the sum of the squares of the other two sides. Hence,

AM = AP 2 + PM 2
= 62 + 82
= 36 + 64
= 100
= 10
Column B:
Similarly, place point B arbitrarily. Then locate point Q 8 miles South of it, and locate a new point 6 miles
West of the point Q. Name the new point N. Now, Column B equals BN. The map should look like this:
N
B

8 miles

Point N

6 miles

Again, since the angle between standard directions is 90, we have a right triangle BQN, with right angle at
Q, and, by The Pythagorean Theorem mentioned above, the hypotenuse BN equals

BQ 2 + QN 2
= 82 + 62
= 64 + 36
= 100
= 10
Since both columns equal 10, the answer is (C).

300

Test 15Solutions

21. Hose A takes 5 minutes to fill one tank. To fill 6 tanks, it takes 6  5 = 30 minutes. Hose B takes 6
minutes to fill one tank. Hence, in the 30 minutes, it would fill 30/6 = 5 tanks. The answer is (C).

22. This problem can be solved with a series. Let the payments for the 7 continuous days be a1, a2, a3, ..., a7.
Since each days pay was 10 dollars more than the previous days pay, the rule for the series is an + 1 = an + 10.
By the rule, let the payments for each day be listed as
a1
a2 = a1 + 10
a3 = a2 + 10 = (a1 + 10) + 10 = a1 + 20
a4 = a3 + 10 = (a1 + 20) + 10 = a1 + 30
a5 = a4 + 10 = (a1 + 30) + 10 = a1 + 40
a6 = a5 + 10 = (a1 + 40) + 10 = a1 + 50
a7 = a6 + 10 = (a1 + 50) + 10 = a1 + 60
We are given that the net pay for the first 4 days equals the net pay for the last 3 days.
The net pay for the first 4 days is a1 + (a1 + 10) + (a1 + 20) + (a1 + 30) = 4a1 + 60.
The net pay for the last (next) 3 days is (a1 + 40) + (a1 + 50) + (a1 + 60) = 3a1 + 150.
Equating the two expressions yields
4a1 + 60 = 3a1 + 150
a1 = 90
The answer is (A).
Method II: Lets repeat the solution without all the sequence notation. Let P be the first days pay. Then
the second days pay is P + 10, and the third days pay is P + 20, etc.
The net pay for the first 4 days is P + (P + 10) + (P + 20) + (P + 30) = 4P + 60.
The net pay for the last (next) 3 days is (P + 40) + (P + 50) + (P + 60) = 3P + 150.
Equating the two expressions yields
4P + 60 = 3P + 150
P = 90
The answer is (A).

23. We have that 30 airmail and 40 ordinary envelopes are the only envelopes in the bag. Hence, the total
number of envelopes is 30 + 40 = 70. We also have that 35 envelopes in the bag are unstamped, and 5/7 of
these envelopes are airmail letters. Now, 5/7  35 = 25. So the remaining 35 25 = 10 are ordinary
unstamped envelopes. Hence, the probability of picking such an envelope from the bag is
(Number of unstamped ordinary envelopes) / (Total number of envelopes) =
10/70 =
1/7
The answer is (A).

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GRE Math Tests

24. Recognizing the Problem:

1) Is it a permutation or a combination problem?
Here, order is important. Suppose A, B, and C are the three doors. Entering by door A and leaving by door
B is not the same way as entering by door B and leaving by door A. Hence, AB  BA implies the problem
is a permutation (order is important).
2) Are repetitions allowed?
Since the lecturer can enter and exit through the same door, repetition is allowed.
3) Are there any indistinguishable objects in the base set?
Doors are different. They are not indistinguishable, so no indistinguishable objects.
Hence, we have a permutation problem, with repetition allowed and no indistinguishable objects.
Method I:
The lecturer can enter the room in 3 ways and exit in 3 ways. So, in total, the lecturer can enter and leave
the room in 9 (= 3  3) ways. The answer is (D). This problem allows repetition: the lecturer can enter by a
door and exit by the same door.
Method II:
Let the 3 doors be A, B, and C. We must choose 2 doors: one to enter and one to exit. This can be done in 6
ways: {A, A}, {A, B}, {B, B}, {B, C}, {C, C}, and {C, A}. Now, the order of the elements is important
because entering by A and leaving by B is not same as entering by B and leaving by A. Lets permute the
combinations, which yields
AA
A B and B A
BB
B C and C B
CC
C A and A C
The total is 9, and the answer is (D).

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302