Test 13

GRE
MATH

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GRE Math Tests

Questions: 25
Time: 45 minutes
[Quantitative Comparison Question]
1.
For all numbers x, <x> denotes the value of x3 rounded to the nearest multiple
of ten.
Column A
Column B
<x + 1>
<x> + 1

[Multiple-choice Question Select One or More Answer Choices]

2.
If x is divisible by both 3 and 4, then the number x must be a multiple of which of the following?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)

8
12
15
18
24

[Quantitative Comparison Question]

Column A
3.

a, b, and c are consecutive

integers in increasing order of
size.

a/5 b/6

[Quantitative Comparison Question]

Column A
4.

Column B

b/5 c/6

The positive integers m and n

leave remainders of 2 and 3,
respectively, when divided by 6.
m > n.

The remainder when m + n is

divided by 6

Column B

The remainder when m n is

divided by 6

246

Test 13Questions

[Quantitative Comparison Question]

Column A
5.

Column B

The ratio of x to y is 3 : 4, and the

ratio of x + 7 to y + 7 is 4 : 5.

5
6

x +14
y +14

[Quantitative Comparison Question]

Column A
6.
The greatest possible number of
points common to a triangle and
a circle

Column B
3

[Multiple-choice Question Select One Answer Choice Only]

7.
In the figure, what is the value of a ?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)

30
45
60
72
90
m

l
6c
a

3c

2b

247

GRE Math Tests

[Multiple-choice Question Select One Answer Choice Only]

8.
In the figure, the area of rectangle EFGH is 3 units greater than the area of rectangle ABCD. What is
the value of ab if a + b = 8?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)
A

9
12
15
18
21
x+6

x+b

x+2
D

x+a

C
H

248

Test 13Questions

[Numeric Entry Question]

9.
In the figure, ABCD is a rectangle. Points E and F cut the sides BC and CD of the rectangle
respectively such that EC = 3, FC = 4, and AD = 12, and the areas of the crossed and the shaded
regions in the figure are equal. What is the perimeter of rectangle ABCD ?

12

E
3

249

GRE Math Tests

[Multiple-choice Question Select One Answer Choice Only]

10. The length of a rectangle is increased by 25%. By what percentage should the width be decreased so
that the area of the rectangle remains unchanged?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)

20
25
30
33.33
50

[Multiple-choice Question Select One Answer Choice Only]

11. In the figure, AB is parallel to CD. What is the value of x ?
E

A
x

B
y

[Multiple-choice Question Select One or More Answer Choices]

12. If (x + 1)2 2x > 2(x + 1) + 2, then x cannot equal which of the following?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)

5
3
0
3
5

250

Test 13Questions

[Multiple-choice Question Select One Answer Choice Only]

13. Jane gave three-fifths of the amount of money she had to Jack. Jane now has 200 dollars. How much
did she give to Jack?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)

$80
$120
$200
$300
$500

[Multiple-choice Question Select One Answer Choice Only]

14. If (a + 2)(a 3)(a + 4) = 0 and a > 0, then a =

251

GRE Math Tests

[Multiple-choice Question Select One Answer Choice Only]

15. The five numbers 1056, 1095, 1098, 1100, and 1126 are represented on a number line by the points A,
B, C, D, and E, respectively, as shown in the figure. Which one of the following points represents the
average of the five numbers?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)

Point A
Point B
Point C
Point D
Point E

A(1056)

B(1095)

C(1098)

D(1100)

E(1126)

[Multiple-choice Question Select One Answer Choice Only]

16. The arithmetic mean (average) of m and n is 50, and the arithmetic mean of p and q is 70. What is the
arithmetic mean of m, n, p, and q?

252

Test 13Questions

[Multiple-choice Question Select One Answer Choice Only]

17. The ratio of two numbers is 10 and their difference is 18. What is the value of the smaller number?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)

2
5
10
21
27

[Multiple-choice Question Select One or More Answer Choices]

18. A precious stone when dropped breaks into pieces of equal size and weight. However, the stone is of
a rare kind in which the value of the stone is always proportional to the square of its weight. On an
exhibitory eve, the stone was dropped. Which of the following could be the price of each broken
piece of stone?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)

One-half if the stone breaks into two.

One-fourth if the stone breaks into two.
One-third if the stone breaks into three.
One-ninth if the stone breaks into three.
1
times if the stone breaks into three.
3

[Quantitative Comparison Question]

Column A
19.
x 2


 7 



Column B

7x
711

( )
( 7)

11

253

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GRE Math Tests

[Multiple-choice Question Select One or More Answer Choices]

20. If 3
2x = 1 , then what is the value of (3 2x) + (3 2x)2 ?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)

0
1
2
2x
x+1

[Multiple-choice Question Select One Answer Choice Only]

21. The cost of painting a wall increases by a fixed percentage each year. In 1970, the cost was $2,000;
and in 1979, it was $3,600. What was the cost of painting in 1988?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)

$1,111
$2,111
$3,600
$6240
$6480

[Multiple-choice Question Select One Answer Choice Only]

22. How many coins of 0.5 dollars each and 0.7 dollars each together make exactly 4.6 dollars?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)

1, 6
2, 7
3, 5
4, 3
5, 3

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254

Test 13Questions

[Multiple-choice Question Select One Answer Choice Only]

23. A series has three numbers a, ar, and ar2. In the series, the first term is twice the second term. What is
the ratio of the sum of the first two terms to the sum of the last two terms in the series?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)

1:1
1:2
1:4
2:1
4:1

[Multiple-choice Question Select One Answer Choice Only]

24. If x and y are two positive integers and x + y = 5, then what is the probability that x equals 1?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)

1/2
1/3
1/4
1/5
1/6

[Multiple-choice Question Select One Answer Choice Only]

25. Goodwin has 3 different colored pants and 2 different colored shirts. In how many ways can he
choose a pair of pants and a shirt?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
(E)

2
3
5
6
12

255

GRE Math Tests

Answers and Solutions Test 13:

Question
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.

Answer
D
B
B
C
C
A
D
C
56
A
E
C, D
D
3
B
60
A
A, C
A
C, D, E
C
E
D
C
D

If you got 18/25 correct on this test, you are likely to get 750+ on the actual GRE by the time you
complete all the tests in the book.

1. Suppose x = 0. Then <x + 1> = <0 + 1> = <1> = 0,* and <x> + 1 = <0> + 1 = 0 + 1 = 1. In this case,
Column B is larger. Next, suppose x = 1. Then <x + 1> = <1 + 1> = <2> = 10, and <x> + 1 = <1> + 1 =
0 + 1 = 1. In this case, Column A is larger. The answer is (D).
2. We are given that x is divisible by 3 and 4. Hence, x must be a common multiple of 3 and 4. The least
common multiple of 3 and 4 is 12. So, x is a multiple of 12. It need not be multiple of 24 or any other larger
common multiples of 3 and 4. The answer is (B) only.
3. The consecutive integers a, b, and c in the increasing order of size can be expressed as a, a + 1, a + 2,
respectively. Substituting these expressions into the fractions yields

a b a a +1

=

5 6 5
6

b c a +1 a + 2

=


5 6
5
6

Adding the fractions in each column yields

6a
5a
5 a
5
=
30
30

6a + 6
5a
10 a
4
=
30
30

* <1> = 0 because 0 is a multiple of 10: 0 = 0  10.

256

Test 13Solutions

Multiplying both columns by 30 to clear fractions yields

a5

a4

Adding 5 to both columns yields

a

a+1

Finally, subtracting a from both columns yields

0

Hence, Column B is larger, and the answer is (B).

4. We are given that the numbers m and n, when divided by 6, leave remainders of 2 and 3, respectively.
Hence, we can represent the numbers m and n as 6p + 2 and 6q + 3, respectively, where p and q are suitable
integers.
Now, m + n = (6p + 2) + (6q + 3) = 6p + 6q + 5 = 6(p + q) + 5, so the remainder is 5. Hence, Column A
equals 5.
Now, m n = (6p + 2) (6q + 3) = 6p 6q 1 = 6(p q) 1. Now, a remainder must be positive, so lets
add 6 to this expression and compensate by subtracting 6:
6(p q) 1 =
6(p q) 6 + 6 1 =
6(p q) 6 + 5 =
6(p q 1) + 5
Thus, the remainder is 5, and Column B equals 5.
Since both columns equal 5, the answer is (C).

257

GRE Math Tests

x 3
x+7 4
= and
= . Lets solve this system of equations by the
y 4
y+7 5
substitution method. Multiplying the first equation by y yields x = 3y/4. Substituting this into the second
3y
+7
4
equation yields 4
= . Cross-multiplying yields
y+7
5
5. Forming the two ratios yields

5(3y/4 + 7) = 4(y + 7)
15y/4 + 35 = 4y + 28
15y/4 4y = 28 35
y/4 = 7
y = 28
and x =

3y 3
28
=
= 3
7 = 21.
4
4

Plugging these values for x and y into the expression in Column A,

x + 14
, yields
y + 14

21+14
=
28 +14
35
=
42
5
=
6
Column B
Hence, the answer is (C).

6. There are six possible points of intersection as shown in the diagram below:

The answer is (A).

7. Equating vertical angles in the figure yields a = 2b and b = 3c. From the first equation, we have b = a/2.
Plugging this into the second equation yields a/2 = 3c, from which we can derive c = a/6. Since the angle
=145
2I
1
<9>5
9C
 R
G5
81F5
6?B
<9>5
l that b + a + 6c = 180. Replacing b with a/2 and c with a/6 in this
equation yields a/2 + a + 6(a/6) = a/2 + a + a = 180. Summing the left-hand side yields 5a/2 = 180, and
multiplying both sides by 2/5 yields a = 180(2/5) = 72. The answer is (D).

258

Test 13Solutions

8. The formula for the area of a rectangle is length
width. Hence, the area of rectangle ABCD is
(x + 6)(x + 2) = x2 + 8x + 12, and the area of the rectangle EFGH is (x + a)(x + b) = x2 + (a + b)x + ab =
x2 + 8x + ab (given that a + b = 8). Now, we are given that the area of the rectangle EFGH is 3 units greater
than the area of the rectangle ABCD. Hence, we have
x2 + 8x + ab = (x2 + 8x + 12) + 3
ab = 12 + 3
(by canceling x2 and 8x from both sides)
ab = 15
The answer is (C).

9. The formula for the area of a triangle is 1/2
base
height. Hence, the area of AFC (the crossed region)
equals 1/2
FC
AD, and the area of AEC (the shaded region) equals 1/2
EC
AB. We are given that the
two areas are equal. Hence, we have the equation
1/2
EC
AB = 1/2
FC
AD
1/2
3
AB = 1/2
4
12

from the figure, EC = 3, FC = 4, and AD =12

(3/2)AB = 24
AB = (2/3)(24) = 16
Now, the perimeter of a rectangle is two times the sum of the lengths of any two adjacent sides of the
rectangle. Hence, the perimeter of ABCD is 2(AB + AD) = 2(16 + 12) = 56. Enter 56 in the grid.

10. Let l and w be the initial length and width of the rectangle, respectively. Then by the formula
Area of Rectangle = Length
Width, the area of the rectangle = lw.
When the length is increased by 25%, the new length is l(1 + 25/100). Now, let x% be the percentage by
which the width of the new rectangle is decreased so that the area is unchanged. Then the new width should
equal w(1 x/100). The area now is l(1 + 25/100)
w(1 x/100), which equals lw (area remained
unchanged).
Thus, we have the equation
l(1 + 25/100)
w(1 x/100) = lw
(1 + 25/100)
(1 x/100) = 1

canceling l and w from both sides

(125/100)(1 x/100) = 1
(1 x/100) = 100/125
x/100 = 100/125 1
x/100 = 100/125 125/125
x/100 = 25/125
x = 100
25/125 = 100
1/5 = 20
The answer is (A).

259

GRE Math Tests

11. Lines AB and CD are parallel (given) and cut by transversal ED. Hence, the alternate interior angles x
and y are equal. Since x = y, ECD is isosceles (C = D). Hence, angles x and y in ECD could each
range between 0 and 90. No unique value for x is derivable. Hence, the answer is (E).

12. We are given the inequality

(x + 1)2 2x > 2(x + 1) + 2
x2 + 2x + 1 2x > 2x + 2 + 2
x2 + 1 > 2x + 4
x2 2x + 1 > 4
x2 2(x)(1) + 12 > 4
(x 1)2 > 4

by subtracting 2x from both sides

expressing the left side in the form a2 2ab + b2
by using the formula a2 2ab + b2 = (a b)2

Square rooting both sides of the inequality yields two new inequalities: x 1 > 2 or x 1 < 2. Adding 1 to
both sides of the solutions yields x > 3 and x < 1. Hence, x is either less than 1 or x is greater than 3. In
either case, x does not equal 3 or 0. Hence, the answer is (C) and (D).

13. Let the original amount of money Jane had be x. Since she gave 3/5 of her money to Jack, she now has
1 3/5 = 2/5 of the original amount. We are given that this 2/5 part equals 200 dollars. Hence, we have the

2
x = 200 . Solving for x yields x = 500. Since she gave 3/5 of this amount to Jack, she gave him
5
3
$300 ( =
500 ). The answer is (D).
5
equation

14. We are given that a > 0 and (a + 2)(a 3)(a + 4) = 0. Hence, the possible solutions are
a + 2 = 0; a = 2, a is not greater than 0, so reject.
a 3 = 0; a = 3, a is greater than 0, so accept.
a + 4 = 0; a = 4, a is not greater than 0, so reject.
Enter 3 in the grid.

15. The average of the five numbers 1056, 1095, 1098, 1100, and 1126 is

1056 +1095 +1098 +1100 +1126

=
5
5475
=
5
1095
Hence, the answer is (B).

260

Test 13Solutions

16. The arithmetic mean of m and n is 50. Hence, (m + n)/2 = 50. Multiplying the equation by 2 yields
m + n = 100.
The arithmetic mean of p and q is 70. Hence, (p + q)/2 = 70. Multiplying the equation by 2 yields p + q =
140.
Now, the arithmetic mean of m, n, p, and q is

m+ n + p+ q
=
4
( m + n) + ( p + q) =
4
100 + 140
=
4
240
=
4
60
Enter 60 in the grid.

17. Let x and y denote the numbers. Then x/y = 10 and x y = 18. Solving the first equation for x and
plugging it into the second equation yields
10y y = 18
9y = 18
y=2
Plugging this into the equation x y = 18 yields x = 20. Hence, y is the smaller number. The answer is
(A).

18. We are given that when dropped the stone breaks into pieces of equal size and weight, so if the stone
has broken into n pieces, then the ratio of the value of the original stone to the value of each broken piece
would be 1 : n2. Hence, the ratio for the original piece 1 to the total value of the n broken pieces is n (1/n2)
= 1/n = 1 : n.
Therefore, if the stone breaks into two, the net price is now one-half (1 : 2). Choose (A).
Also, if the stone breaks into three, the net price is now one-third (1 : 3). Choose (C).
The answer is (A) and (C).

261

GRE Math Tests

19.

7x
711

x 2

(( ) ) =
7

11

( 7)

1  x 
 7 2  
  


=
11

1
72 
 

since 7 = 7 2

2x

72
11
2

7
7x

11

72
Canceling 7x from both columns yields

1
11
72

1
711

1
1
711 2

( )
1
711

Multiplying both columns by 711
711 yields

711

711

Now, clearly, Column A is greater than Column B, and the answer is (A).
Method II:
In the numerator of the fraction in Column A, the square root and the square cancel each other. So, the
numerator in Column A reduces to 7x, which is the same as the numerator in Column B. Now, the
denominator of the fraction in Column A is clearly smaller than the denominator of the fraction in
Column B since 7 < 7 . Hence, Column A is larger: since all numerators and denominators are positive,
the fraction with the same numerator and the smaller denominator has the larger value. In symbols, we have

7<7
11

( 7)
1

< 711

11

>

1
711

by reciprocating both sides of the inequality and reversing the direction of the inequality

11

>

7x
711

by multiplying both sides of the inequality by 7 x

( 7)
7x

( 7)

262

Test 13Solutions

20.We have 3
2x = 1 . Squaring both sides of the equation yields (3 2x) = 1. Squaring both sides of the
equation again yields (3 2x)2 = 1. Hence, (3 2x) + (3 2x)2 = 1 + 1 = 2. Select (C).
Adding 2x 1 to both sides of the equation (3 2x) = 1 yields (3 2x) + (2x 1) = 1 + 2x 1. Adding the
like terms on both sides of this equation yields 2 = 2x. Therefore, 2x = 2 = answer. Select (D) also.
Now, let's see whether we can create the expression x + 1 [Choice (E)] from the equation 2x = 2. To that
end divide both sides of the equation 2x = 2 by 2, which gives x = 1. Now, add 1 to both sides of the
equation x = 1 gives x + 1 = 2 = answer. Select (E) also.
The answer is (C), (D), and (E).

21.Since the cost of painting increases by a fixed percentage each year and it increased $3,600/$2,000 = 1.8
times in the 9-year period from 1970 to 1979, it must increase by the same number of times in the period
1979 to 1988. Hence, the amount becomes 1.8
$3,600 = $6480 by 1988. The answer is (E).
U23. Let r be the retail price. The list price is the price after a 20% discount on the retail price. Hence, it
equals r(1 20/100) = r(1 0.2) = 0.8r.
The festival discount price is the price after a 30% discount on the list price. Hence, the festival discount
price equals (list price)(1 30/100) = (0.8r)(1 30/100) = (0.8r)(1 0.3) = (0.8r)(0.7) = 0.56r.
Hence, the total discount offered is (Original Price Price after discount)/Original Price
100 =
(r 0.56r)/ r
100 = 0.44
100 = 44%.
The answer is (C).

22. Let m coins of 0.5 dollars each and n coins of 0.7 dollars each add up to 4.6 dollars. Then, we have the
equation 0.5m + 0.7n = 4.6. Multiplying both sides by 10 to eliminate the decimals yields 5m + 7n = 46.
Since m is a positive integer, 5m is positive integer; and since n is a positive integer, 7n is a positive
integer. Let p = 5m and q = 7n. So, p is a multiple of 5 and q is a multiple of 7 and p + q = 46. Subtracting q
from both sides yields p = 46 q [(a positive multiple of 5) equals 46 (a positive multiple of 7)]. Lets
seek such solution for p and q:
If q = 7, p = 46 7 = 39, not a multiple of 5. Reject.
If q = 14, p = 46 14 = 32, not a multiple of 5. Reject.
If q = 21, p = 46 21 = 25, a multiple of 5. Acceptable. So, n = q/7 = 3 and m = p/5 = 5.
The following checks are not actually required since we already have an acceptable solution.
If q = 28, p = 46 28 = 18, not a multiple of 5. Reject.
If q = 35, p = 46 35 = 11, not a multiple of 5. Reject.
If q = 42, p = 46 42 = 4, not a multiple of 5. Reject.
If q
49, p = 46 49 = 3, not positive. Reject.
The answer is (E).

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GRE Math Tests

23. Since the first term in the series is twice the second term, we have a = 2(ar). Canceling a from both
sides of the equation yields 1 = 2r. Hence, r = 1/2.
Hence, the three numbers a, ar, and ar2 become a, a(1/2), and a(1/2)2, or a, a/2, and a/4.
The sum of first two terms is a + a/2 and the sum of the last two terms is a/2 + a/4. Forming their ratio
yields
a
a+
2 =
a a
+
2 4
2a + a
2
=
2a + a
4
3a
2 =
3a
4

3a 
4 
   =
 2  3a 
2=

2
or 2 :1
1
The answer is (D).

24. The possible positive integer solutions x and y of the equation x + y = 5 are {x, y} = {1, 4}, {2, 3},
{3, 2}, and {4, 1}. Each solution is equally probable. Exactly one of the 4 possible solutions has x equal to
1. Hence, the probability that x equals 1 is one in four ways, which equals 1/4. The answer is (C).

25. Pants can be selected from 3 in 3 ways, and a shirt can be selected from 2 in 2 ways. Hence, the pair
can be selected in 3  2 = 6 ways. The answer is (D).

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