AC Apparatus & Devices

Brian Kim N.
Benoza
BSEE-4th year
In the design of electrical power systems, the ANSI standard device
numbers (ANSI /IEEE Standard C37.2 Standard for Electrical Power System Device Function Numbers,
Acronyms, and Contact Designations ) identifies the features of a protective device such as a relay or circuit
breaker. These types of devices protect electrical systems and components from damage when an unwanted
event occurs, such as an electrical fault. Device numbers are used to identify the functions of devices shown
on a schematic diagram. Function descriptions are given in the standard.
One physical device may correspond to one function number, for example "29 Isolating Switch", or
a single physical device may have many function numbers associated with it, such as a numerical protective
relay. Suffix and prefix letters may be added to further specify the purpose and function of a device.
ANSI/IEEE C37.2-2008 is one of a continuing series of revisions of the standard, which originated in 1928.
ANSI Device Numbers Apparatus
1 Master Element
2 Time Delay Starting or Closing Relay
3 Checking or Interlocking Relay
4 Master Contactor
5 Stopping
6 Starting Circuit Breaker
7 Rate of Change Relay
14 Underspeed Device
15 Speed or Frequency, Matching
Device
16 Data Communications Device
17 Shunting or Discharge Switch
18 Accelerating or Decelerating Device
19 Starting to Running Transition

Contactor
8 Control Power Disconnecting Device
20 Electrically Operated Valve
9 Reversing Device
21 Distance Relay
10 Unit Sequence Switch
22 Equalizer Circuit Breaker
11 Multi-function Device
23 Temperature Control Device
12 Overspeed Device
24 Volts Per Hertz Relay
13 Synchronous-speed Device
25 Synchronizing or SynchronismCheck Device
26 Apparatus Thermal Device
27 Undervoltage Relay
46 Reverse-phase or Phase-Balance
Current Relay
47 Phase-Sequence or Phase-Balance
Voltage Relay
28 Flame detector
29 Isolating Contactor or Switch
30 Annunciator Relay
31 Separate Excitation
32 Directional Power Relay or Reverse

Power Relay
33 Position Switch
34 Master Sequence Device
35 Brush-Operating or Slip-Ring ShortCircuiting Device
36 Polarity or Polarizing Voltage

Devices
48 Incomplete Sequence Relay

49 Machine or Transformer, Thermal
Relay
50 Instantaneous Overcurrent Relay
50G - Instantaneous Earth Over Current

Relay (Neutral CT Method)
50N - Instantaneous Earth Over Current

Relay (Residual Method)
50BF - Breaker failure
51 AC Inverse Time Overcurrent Relay
51G- AC Inverse Time Earth Overcurrent

Relay (Neutral CT Method)
51N- AC Inverse Time Earth Overcurrent

Relay (Residual Method)
37 Undercurrent or Underpower Relay
38 Bearing Protective Device
39 Mechanical Condition Monitor
40 Field (over/under excitation) Relay
41 Field Circuit Breaker
52a- AC Circuit Breaker Position

(Contact Open when Breaker Open)
42 Running Circuit Breaker
52b- AC Circuit Breaker Position

(Contact Closed when Breaker Open)
43 Manual Transfer or Selector Device
53 Exciter or DC Generator Relay
44 Unit Sequence Starting Relay
54 Turning Gear Engaging Device
45 Abnormal Atmospheric Condition

Monitor
55 Power Factor Relay
56 Field Application Relay
52 AC Circuit Breaker
57 Short-Circuiting or Grounding
Device
58 Rectification Failure Relay
59 Overvoltage Relay
60 Voltage or Current Balance Relay
61 Density Switch or Sensor
62 Time-Delay Stopping or Opening

Relay
77 Telemetering Device
78 Phase-Angle Measuring Relay or

"Out-of-Step" Relay
79 AC Reclosing Relay (Auto

Reclosing)
80 Flow Switch
81 Frequency Relay
82 DC Reclosing Relay
63 Pressure Switch
64 Ground Detector Relay
64R - Restricted earth fault
64S - Stator earth fault
65 Governor
86 Lockout Relay/Master Trip
66 Notching or Jogging Device
87 Differential Protective Relay
67 AC Directional Overcurrent Relay
88 Auxiliary Motor or Motor Generator
68 Blocking Relay
89 Line Switch
69 Permissive Control Device
90 Regulating Device
70 Rheostat
91 Voltage Directional Relay
71 Liquid Level Switch
92 Voltage and Power Directional Relay
72 DC Circuit Breaker
93 Field Changing Contactor
73 Load-Resistor Contactor
94 Tripping or Trip-Free Relay
74 Alarm Relay
96 Busbar Trip Lockout relay
75 Position Changing Mechanism
150 Earth Fault Indicator
76 DC Overcurrent Relay
83 Automatic Selective Control or

Transfer Relay
84 Operating Mechanism
85 Communications,Carrier or PilotWire Relay
ANSI Devices used in 5 MVA Transformers

Fuses and switchgear
E-rated power fuses are typically used in fused switches serving transformers. The purpose of the fuse is
to allow for full use of the transformer and to protect the transformer and cables from faults. To
accomplish this, the fuse curve should be to the right of the transformer inrush point and to the left of the
cable damage curve. Typically, the fuse will cross the transformer damage curve in the long time region
(overcurrent region). The secondary main device provides overcurrent protection for the circuit. E fuse
ratings should always be greater than the transformer full load amps (FLA). The cable damage curve must
be above the maximum fault current at 0.01 s.
For transformers 3 MVA and less, standard overcurrent protection schemes for MV switchgear breakers
should include an instantaneous and overcurrent combination relay (device 50/51).
For transformers greater than 5 MVA, protection schemes become more complex. IEEE device numbers
from IEEE C37.2 are used to outline the protection scheme. Transformer MV breakers may include the
following protective device numbers:
In MV systems, current transformers (CTs) connect protective
or metering devices. CTs interface the electronic device and
the MV primary system. The MV primary system voltage and
current levels are dangerously high and cannot be connected
directly to a relay or meter. The CTs provide isolation from
the cables high voltage and current levels and translate the
primary current to a signal level that can be handled by
delicate relays/meters. The rated secondary current is
commonly 5 amp, though lower currents such as or 1 amp are
not uncommon.
Protective relays CTs are expected to deliver about 5 amps or
less under healthy load conditions. The current will go to a
high value when a fault occurs. Per ANSI C57.13, normal
protective CT class secondary should withstand up to 20
times for a short period of times under fault conditions. As a consequence, protective class CTs are
accurate enough to drive a set of indication instruments, but will not be good enough for revenue class
summation energy metering.

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Brian Kim N.

2 Time Delay Starting or Closing Relay

3 Checking or Interlocking Relay

6 Starting Circuit Breaker

7 Rate of Change Relay

16 Data Communications Device

17 Shunting or Discharge Switch

18 Accelerating or Decelerating Device

19 Starting to Running Transition

8 Control Power Disconnecting Device

20 Electrically Operated Valve

10 Unit Sequence Switch

22 Equalizer Circuit Breaker

23 Temperature Control Device

24 Volts Per Hertz Relay

25 Synchronizing or SynchronismCheck Device

26 Apparatus Thermal Device

29 Isolating Contactor or Switch

32 Directional Power Relay or Reverse

34 Master Sequence Device

35 Brush-Operating or Slip-Ring ShortCircuiting Device

36 Polarity or Polarizing Voltage

48 Incomplete Sequence Relay

50G - Instantaneous Earth Over Current

50N - Instantaneous Earth Over Current

50BF - Breaker failure

51 AC Inverse Time Overcurrent Relay

51G- AC Inverse Time Earth Overcurrent

51N- AC Inverse Time Earth Overcurrent

37 Undercurrent or Underpower Relay

38 Bearing Protective Device

39 Mechanical Condition Monitor

40 Field (over/under excitation) Relay

41 Field Circuit Breaker

52a- AC Circuit Breaker Position

42 Running Circuit Breaker

52b- AC Circuit Breaker Position

43 Manual Transfer or Selector Device

53 Exciter or DC Generator Relay

44 Unit Sequence Starting Relay

54 Turning Gear Engaging Device

45 Abnormal Atmospheric Condition

55 Power Factor Relay

56 Field Application Relay

58 Rectification Failure Relay

60 Voltage or Current Balance Relay

61 Density Switch or Sensor

62 Time-Delay Stopping or Opening

78 Phase-Angle Measuring Relay or

79 AC Reclosing Relay (Auto

64 Ground Detector Relay

64R - Restricted earth fault

64S - Stator earth fault

86 Lockout Relay/Master Trip

66 Notching or Jogging Device

87 Differential Protective Relay

67 AC Directional Overcurrent Relay

88 Auxiliary Motor or Motor Generator

69 Permissive Control Device