Name: ________________________ Class: ___________________ Date: __________

ID: A

Chapter 5 Study Guide Chemistry

Multiple Choice choose the best conpletion of the statement or answer for the question.
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1. Which of the following electron configurations belongs to an element that is NOT chemically reactive?
a. 1s22s22p3
c. 1s22s22p5
2
2
6
2
6
b. 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p
d. 1s22s22p63s23p64s1
2. In the compound sodium fluoride, NaF, the sodium atom loses one electron and the fluorine atom gains one
electron to form ions that have electron configurations similar to
a. helium.
c. neon.
b. oxygen.
d. calcium.
3. In many compounds, atoms of main-group elements form ions so that the number of electrons in the
outermost energy levels of each ion is
a. 2.
c. 8.
b. 6.
d. 10.
4. The electron configuration of nitrogen is 1s22s22p3. How many more electrons does nitrogen need to have an
electron configuration similar to neon?
a. 1
c. 5
b. 3
d. 8
5. Atoms of copper and iron
a. generally form stable bonds with transition elements.
b. have stable electron configurations.
c. tend to form cations.
d. tend to form anions.
6. An anion
a. is an ion with a negative charge.
b. attracts ions with negative charges.
c. results when an alkaline-earth metal loses one of its two outermost electrons.
d. has more protons than electrons.
7. When the octet rule is satisfied, the outermost _____ are filled.
a. d and f orbitals
c. s and d orbitals
b. s and p orbitals
d. d and p orbitals
8. The elements of the _____ group satisfy the octet rule without forming compounds.
a. halide
c. alkali metal
b. noble gas
d. alkaline-earth metal
9. An ion and its parent atom have the same
a. electron configuration.
c. atomic number.
b. number of charges.
d. chemical reactivity.
10. The energy released when a salt is formed from gaseous ions is called the
a. bond energy.
c. lattice energy.
b. potential energy.
d. energy of crystallization.
11. The lattice energy is a measure of the
a. strength of an ionic bond.
c. strength of a covalent bond.
b. strength of a metallic bond.
d. number of ions in a crystal.

Name: ________________________

ID: A

____ 12. If the lattice energy of compound A is greater than that of compound B,
a. compound A is not an ionic compound.
b. the bonds in compound A are stronger than the bonds in compound B.
c. compound B is probably a gas.
d. compound A has larger crystals than compound B.
____ 13. When ions are formed,
a. energy is always released.
c. there is no net change in energy.
b. energy is needed.
d. energy can be released or absorbed.
____ 14. When an electron is added to an atom,
a. an input of energy is required.
c. a stable octet is always formed.
b. energy is usually released.
d. ionic bonds are broken.
____ 15. Which of the following is NOT a property of an ionic compound?
a. low boiling point
c. hardness
b. brittleness
d. molten compound conducts electricity
____ 16. The melting points of ionic compounds are higher than the melting points of molecular compounds because
a. ionic substances tend to vaporize at room temperature.
b. ionic substances are brittle.
c. attractive forces between ions are greater than the attractive forces between molecules.
d. None of the above
____ 17. Because ions are more strongly attracted in an ionic compound than molecules are attracted in molecular
compounds, the melting points of ionic compounds are
a. equal for all ionic compounds.
b. lower than the melting points of molecular compounds.
c. higher than the melting points of molecular compounds.
d. approximately equal to room temperature.
____ 18. Ionic compounds are brittle because the strong attractive forces
a. allow the layers to shift easily.
b. cause the compound to vaporize easily.
c. keep the surface dull.
d. hold the layers in relatively fixed positions.
____ 19. In the NaCl crystal, each Na+ and Cl ion has clustered around it _____ of the oppositely charged ions.
a. 1
c. 4
b. 2
d. 6
____ 20. In a crystal of an ionic compound, each cation is surrounded by
a. molecules.
c. dipoles.
b. positive ions.
d. anions.
____ 21. A compound that has the same number of positive and negative charges is said to be
a. cationic.
c. electroneutral.
b. anionic.
d. isoelectronic.
____ 22. What is the ratio of cations to anions in a compound composed of sodium ions, Na +, and carbonate ions,
CO 23 ?
a. 1 to 1
c. 2 to 1
b. 1 to 2
d. 3 to 1

Name: ________________________

ID: A

____ 23. The indium(II) ion and indium(III) ion

a. have the same charge.
b. are polyatomic ions.
c. have charges of 1+ and 2+, respectively.
d. have charges of 2+ and 3+, respectively.
____ 24. What is the metallic ion in the compound CuCl 2?
c. Cu+
a. Cu2

b. Cu
d. Cu2+
____ 25. The chemical formula for an ionic compound represents the
a. number of atoms in each molecule.
b. number of ions in each molecule.
c. simplest ratio of ions that results in an electrically neutral compound.
d. total number of ions in the crystal lattice.
____ 26. The symbol HCO3 represents a
a. monatomic ion.
c. polyatomic ion.
b. stable compound.
d. salt.
____ 27. A comparison of calcium sulfate and calcium sulfite shows that
a. both have a monatomic cation and a polyatomic anion.
b. calcium sulfite has more oxygen atoms than calcium sulfate.
c. only calcium sulfite contains a polyatomic anion.
d. only calcium sulfate is arranged in a crystal lattice pattern.
____ 28. What is the formula for the compound formed by lead(II) ions and chromate ions, CrO 42?
c. Pb2(CrO4)3
a. PbCrO4
b. Pb2CrO4
d. Pb(CrO4)2
____ 29. What is the formula for the compound formed by aluminum(III) and the sulfate ion, SO 42?
c. Al2(SO4)3
a. AlSO4
b. Al2SO4
d. Al(SO4)3
____ 30. What is the formula for the compound formed by the barium ion, Ba 2+, and the hydroxide ion, OH ?
a. BaOH
c. Ba(OH)2
b. BaOH2
d. Ba(OH)
____ 31. Name the compound Zn3(PO4)2.
a. zinc potassium oxide
c. zinc phosphate
b. trizinc polyoxide
d. zinc phosphite
____ 32. Name the compound Fe(NO2)2.
a. iron(II) nitrate
c. ferric nitrate
b. iron(II) nitrite
d. ferrous nitride
____ 33. Name the compound CuCO3.
a. Copper(I) carbonate
c. cuprous carbide
b. cupric trioxycarbide
d. copper(II) carbonate
____ 34. What is the name of Sn3(PO4)4?
a. stannous phosphate
c. tin(III) phosphate
b. tin(IV) phosphate
d. tin(II) phosphate
____ 35. The name of a polyatomic ion that contains hydrogen begins with the term
a. hypo-.
c. hydrogen.
b. thio-.
d. per-.

Name: ________________________

ID: A

Completion
Complete each statement.
36. The tendency of atoms of elements to gain or lose electrons so that their outer s and p orbitals are filled with
eight electrons is called the ____________________ rule.
37. An electron that occupies the outermost energy level of an atom is known as a(n) ____________________
electron.
38. An atom or group of atoms that has an electrical charge because it has either lost or gained one or more
electrons is a(n) ____________________.
39. An ion that has a negative charge is a(n) ____________________.
40. The energy released when 1 mol of a salt is formed from gaseous ions is called the ____________________.
41. A repetitive geometric arrangement of ions, atoms, or molecules that forms a crystal structure is called the
____________________.
42. The simplest repeating unit of a crystal lattice is a(n) ____________________.
43. The crystal structure of a salt depends on the ____________________ of the cation and anion and the
____________________ of cations to anions.
44. In naming a binary ionic compound, the name of the ____________________ appears first followed by the
name of the ____________________.
45. The name of the ion O2 is the ____________________ ion.
46. The name of the ion Cu+ is the ____________________ ion.
47. The chemical formula for the compound potassium fluoride, which contains K + and F ions, is
____________________.
48. The chemical formula for the compound strontium sulfide, which contains Sr 2+ and S2 ions, is
____________________.
49. The chemical formula for the compound sodium chlorite, which contains Na + and ClO 2 ions, is
____________________.
50. The formula for the compound ammonium sulfate, which contains NH +4 and SO 24 ions, is
____________________.
Short Answer
51. The electron configuration of bromine is [Ar] 4s23d104p5. How does this atom become isoelectronic with
krypton?
52. Will fluorine (atomic number 9) form an anion, or a cation? Why?
53. Why is the formula for a compound of Li + ions and Br- ions written LiBr?
54. How do you know that NO 2- is an anion and not an ionic compound?

Name: ________________________

ID: A

55. How are chloride ions, Cl, and chlorite ions, Cl2 , alike? How are they different?
Problem
56. Write the correct chemical formula for the compound cobalt(III) oxide.
57. Write the correct chemical formula for the compound tin(II) phosphate.
Essay
58. A solution of sodium chloride in water consists of many positively charged sodium ions and many negatively
charged chloride ions. Explain why one does not receive an electric shock when touching a solution with so
many electrical charges.
59. A certain compound consists of potassium, nitrogen, and oxygen. Hypothesize a possible formula and name
for this compound. Explain your reasoning.

ID: A

Chapter 5 Study Guide Chemistry

Answer Section
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1.
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35.

ANS:
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B
C
C
B
C
A
B
B
C
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A
B
D
B
A
C
C
D
D
D
C
C
D
D
C
C
A
A
C
C
C
B
D
B
C

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1
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ID: A

COMPLETION
36. ANS: octet
PTS: 1
37. ANS: valence
PTS: 1
38. ANS: ion
PTS: 1
39. ANS: anion
PTS: 1
40. ANS: lattice energy
PTS: 1
41. ANS: crystal lattice
PTS: 1
42. ANS: unit cell
PTS: 1
43. ANS: sizes; ratio
PTS: 1
44. ANS: cation; anion
PTS: 1
45. ANS: oxide
PTS: 1
46. ANS:
copper
I
PTS: 1
47. ANS: KF
PTS: 1
48. ANS: SrS
PTS: 1
49. ANS: NaClO2
PTS: 1

ID: A
50. ANS: (NH4)2SO4
PTS: 1
SHORT ANSWER
51. ANS:
To form a stable octet, bromine needs to add only one electron in the 4p orbital.
PTS: 1
52. ANS:
Fluorine will form an anion because it will gain an electron to form, or achieve, a noble-gas configuration.
PTS: 1
53. ANS:
The formula is written LiBr because a cation is always listed first in a binary formula. The formula is valid
because the charges cancel each other to make a neutral compound.
PTS: 1
54. ANS:
NO2- is a polyatomic anion. It has a negative charge, while a compound is neutral.
PTS: 1
55. ANS:
Both are anions of chlorine with a negative charge. The Cl ion is a monatomic anion, while the Cl2 ion is a
polyatomic anion.
PTS: 1
PROBLEM
56. ANS:
Co2O3
PTS: 1
57. ANS:
Sn3(PO4)2
PTS: 1
ESSAY
58. ANS:
The number of anions is equal to the number of cations in the solution, so there is no net electrical charge.
PTS: 1

ID: A
59. ANS:
A logical answer would be potassium nitrate, KNO3, or potassium nitrite, KNO2. Potassium is a common
cation and therefore is probably the positive half of the compound. Nitrogen and oxygen combine to form the
common polyatomic anions, nitrate (NO 3 ) and nitrite (NO 2 ). Because the charge on all of these ions is one
(K+, NO 3 , and NO 2 ), the likely formulas are KNO3 and KNO2.
PTS: 1

Chapter 5 Study Guide Chemistry [Answer Strip]

B
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1.

C
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2.

C
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3.

B 12.
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D 23.
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D 13.
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D 24.
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B 14.
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C 25.
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A 15.
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C 26.
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C 16.
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B
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4.

C
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5.

A 27.
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C 17.
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A 28.
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A
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6.

D 18.
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C 29.
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C 30.
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B
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7.

B
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8.

D 19.
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C 31.
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D 20.
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B 32.
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C
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9.

C 21.
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D 33.
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C 10.
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C 22.
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B 34.
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A 11.
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C 35.
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ID: A