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Illusions of Competence

The document discusses the importance of recall and retrieval practice for learning over elaborative studying. It suggests that simply practicing recall of information leads to deeper learning compared to concept mapping. The document also discusses illusions of competence and the value of making mistakes in learning.

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Ramya Hegde
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153 views16 pages

Illusions of Competence

The document discusses the importance of recall and retrieval practice for learning over elaborative studying. It suggests that simply practicing recall of information leads to deeper learning compared to concept mapping. The document also discusses illusions of competence and the value of making mistakes in learning.

Uploaded by

Ramya Hegde
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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IllusionsofCompetence,the

ImportanceofRecall,Minitesting,and
MakingMistakes
ByBarbaraOakley,PhD

Recall
Illusionsofcompetence
Minitesting
Valueofmakingmistakes

Recall

Karpicke,J.D.,&Blunt,J.R.(2011).Retrievalpracticeproducesmorelearningthanelaborativestudyingwithconceptmapping.
Science,331(6018),772775.doi:10.1126/science.1199327

Bysimplypracticingandrecalling,students
learnedfarmoreandatamuchdeeperlevel

Recall!

Workingmemory

Relevant Readings
Baddeley,A.,Eysenck,M.W.,&Anderson,M.C.(2009).Memory.NY:PsychologyPress.
Brown,J.S.,Collins,A.,&Duguid,P.(1989).Situatedcognitionandthecultureoflearning.EducationalResearcher,18(1),3242.
Dunlosky,J.,Rawson,K.A.,Marsh,E.J.,Nathan,M.J.,&Willingham,D.T.(2013).Improvingstudentslearningwitheffectivelearning
techniques:Promisingdirectionsfromcognitiveandeducationalpsychology.PsychologicalScienceinthePublicInterest,14(1),458.
Dunning,D.(2011).Chapter5:TheDunningKrugerEffect:OnBeingIgnorantofOne'sOwnIgnorance (Vol.44).
Geary,D.C.,Boykin,A.W.,Embretson,S.,Reyna,V.,Siegler,R.,Berch,D.B.,&Graban,J.(2008).TaskGroupReportsoftheNational
MathematicsAdvisoryPanel;Chapter4:ReportoftheTaskGrouponLearningProcesses.2008.Retrievedfrom
http://www2.ed.gov/about/bdscomm/list/mathpanel/report/learningprocesses.pdf
Guida,A.,Gobet,F.,Tardieu,H.,&Nicolas,S.(2012).Howchunks,longtermworkingmemoryandtemplatesofferacognitive
explanationforneuroimagingdataonexpertiseacquisition:Atwostageframework.BrainandCognition,79(3),221244.doi:
10.1016/j.bandc.2012.01.010
Karpicke,J.D.(2012).Retrievalbasedlearningactiveretrievalpromotesmeaningfullearning.CurrentDirectionsinPsychologicalScience,
21(3),157163.
Karpicke,J.D.,&Blunt,J.R.(2011).Responsetocommenton'Retrievalpracticeproducesmorelearningthanelaborativestudyingwith
conceptmapping'.Science,334(6055),453453.
Karpicke,J.D.,&Blunt,J.R.(2011).Retrievalpracticeproducesmorelearningthanelaborativestudyingwithconceptmapping.Science,
331(6018),772775.doi:10.1126/science.1199327
Karpicke,J.D.,Butler,A.C.,&Roediger III,H.L.(2009).Metacognitivestrategiesinstudentlearning:Dostudentspracticeretrievalwhen
theystudyontheirown?Memory,17(4),471479.
Karpicke,J.D.,&Grimaldi,P.J.(2012).Retrievalbasedlearning:Aperspectiveforenhancingmeaningfullearning.EducationalPsychology
Review,24(3),401418.

Relevant Readings (cont.)


Keresztes,A.,Kaiser,D.,Kovacs,G.,&Racsmany,M.(2013).Testingpromoteslongtermlearningviastabilizingactivationpatternsina
largenetworkofbrainareas.CerebralCortex((AdvanceaccesspublishedJun24)).doi:10.1093/cercor/bht158
Kornell,N.,Hays,M.J.,&Bjork,R.A.(2009).Unsuccessfulretrievalattemptsenhancesubsequentlearning.JournalofExperimental
Psychology:Learning,Memory,andCognition,35(4),989.
Mastascusa,E.J.,Snyder,W.J.,&Hoyt,B.S.(2011).EffectiveInstructionforSTEMDisciplines.SanFrancisco,CA:Jossey Bass.
McDaniel,M.A.,&Callender,A.A.(2008).Cognition,memory,andeducation.InH.L.Roediger (Ed.),CognitivePsychologyofMemory,
Vol 2ofLearningandMemory (pp.819843).Oxford,UK:Elsevier.
Morris,E.(2010,June20).TheAnosognosics Dilemma:SomethingsWrongbutYoullNeverKnowWhatItIs(Part1), TheNewYork
Times.Retrievedfromhttp://opinionator.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/06/20/theanosognosicsdilemma1/
Pennebaker,J.W.,Gosling,S.D.,&Ferrell,J.D.(2013).Dailyonlinetestinginlargeclasses:Boostingcollegeperformancewhilereducing
achievementgaps.PLoS ONE,8(11),e79774.
Pyc,M.A.,&Rawson,K.A.(2010).Whytestingimprovesmemory:Mediatoreffectivenesshypothesis.Science,330(6002),335335.
Roediger,H.L.,&Butler,A.C.(2011).Thecriticalroleofretrievalpracticeinlongtermretention.TrendsinCognitiveSciences,15(1),20
27.
Roediger,H.L.,&Karpicke,J.D.(2006).Thepoweroftestingmemory:Basicresearchandimplicationsforeducationalpractice.
PerspectivesonPsychologicalScience,1(3),181210.
Roediger,H.L.,&Pyc,M.A.(2012).Inexpensivetechniquestoimproveeducation:Applyingcognitivepsychologytoenhanceeducational
practice.JournalofAppliedResearchinMemoryandCognition,1(4),242248.doi:10.1016/j.jarmac.2012.09.002
Rohrer,D.,&Pashler,H.(2010).Recentresearchonhumanlearningchallengesconventionalinstructionalstrategies.Educational
Researcher,39(5),406412.

Image Credits

Working memory strands Barbara Oakley 2014


Neural hook Kevin Mendez 2014
Concept map by Vicwood40 Wikimedia Commons
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concept_map#mediaviewer/File:Conceptmap.gif
Clip art courtesy Microsoft

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