USER MANUAL

DICOM V5.3
Contents
1

INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................... 2

INPUT DATA ........................................................................................................................... 2

2.1

FUEL DATA. .................................................................................................................... 3

2.2

STEADY .......................................................................................................................... 3

2.2.1

General .................................................................................................................. 3

2.2.2

Numerics ............................................................................................................... 4

2.2.3

Morphology ........................................................................................................... 5

2.2.4

INJECTION RATE .................................................................................................... 6

2.2.5

MIXING LAW .......................................................................................................... 8

2.2.6

Example ............................................................................................................... 10

2.3

TRANSIENT .................................................................................................................. 11

2.3.1

General ................................................................................................................ 11

2.3.2

Numerics ............................................................................................................. 11

2.3.3

Discretization....................................................................................................... 12

2.3.4

Morphology ......................................................................................................... 14

2.3.5

Injection rate. ...................................................................................................... 15

2.3.6

Mixing law ........................................................................................................... 18

2.3.7

Ejemplo................................................................................................................ 20

OUTPUT DATA ..................................................................................................................... 21

3.1.1

Relst.dat .............................................................................................................. 21

3.1.2

Integ.dat .............................................................................................................. 22

3.2

STEADY ........................................................................................................................ 23

3.2.1
3.3

Estacionario.dat................................................................................................... 23

TRANSIENT .................................................................................................................. 25

3.3.1

Temp1.dat ........................................................................................................... 26

3.3.2

Temp2.dat ........................................................................................................... 27

3.3.3

Dat.dat ................................................................................................................. 28

1 INTRODUCTION
The developed model possesses a main screen to enter input data. All the
results, with fuels characteristics are written in a file.dat. This type of file allows the
utilization of different software like Excel or Grapher to plot the data.
In the next chapter, we will explain more accurately the parameters needed to
create a test model and how to enter them in the software. And in the third and last
chapter, we will explain all the output data and the structure of output files.

2 INPUT DATA
In the next paragraph we will explain all the input interfaces screens and the
data and the corresponding data, which can be as well entered by the keyboard or with
a text file. But, we have to distinguish the two cases (steady and transient) in the data
introduction because its a different data processing routine.
Nevertheless, the input interface is similar in the both cases, sharing a lot of
data. In the both cases, there are three buttons on the right of the screen which are:
- Open: allows opening input data of a previous test which is kept on a text file.
- Save: allows saving test results in a text file.
- Start: starts the calculation.

Figure I.1. Interface of information of DICOM's entry, 'GENERAL' tab.

2.1 FUEL DATA

In this new version it is possible to use different fuels, to choose them we have
to open directly the .exe corresponding to the fuel that we want use. Five fuels are
proposed:

DICOM_v53_C7H16.exe: n-heptane
DICOM_v53_C10H22.exe: decane
DICOM_v53_C12H26.exe: dodecane
DICOM_v53_C16H36.exe: hexadecane
DICOM_v53_DIESEL.exe: diesel

All data which characterizes each fuel is already in the program.

2.2 STEADY
The steady test studies one case in which, injection rate and chamber
properties are constants. Therefore, there will not be any saved files for injection rate,
density or pressure in function of the time. But all this information will interfere directly
from the interface of entry.
Another of the main differences will be explained hereinafter in the results of
exit, since this one does not possess temporary files.
The execution, as the user will be able to see, will be faster than the transient case, in
which the conditions change constantly.
2.2.1

General

The first tag allows selecting if the model is transient or steady. The only field on
this screen is the path where the data will be saved:
- Directory of output Files: In this field we have to indicate the address in which the
program will write the results. Moreover, there is a button, whose the name is
Browse, which allows to search in the folders.

Figure I.3. Interface of information of DICOM's entry, 'GENERAL' tab of steady model.

For the steady case it will not be necessary to provide additional information.
2.2.2

Numerics

In this tag we have to introduce parameters for discretization that are already in
exit tables or calculations. These parameters are:
- Maximum length for calculation [m]: Define the maximum length for calculation in
which it will come near during the study of the flame. We can choose a characteristic
length like the diameter of combustion chamber.
- Increase in x of the discretization dx [m]: provides the equi spread (dx) in the
spatial discretization of the spray. The smaller the value of dx, the longer it will take for
the whole calculation to finish.

- Mass fraction increase for State Relationship: Length between points in the table
of data for the steady model. We have to take into count that mass fraction data are
between 0 and 1.
4

- Mass fraction increase for integral tables: Like the previous parameter,
discretization of mass fraction but used in calculation and data storage of integrals
calculated by the program.
- Convergence boundary for iterative computation: Indicative value for calculation
end, its meaning, if the difference between results of 2 successive computations is less
than this limit value, the calculation stops.
Moreover, we can see a picture of the screen that is described with values that,
by default, the program introduces.

Figure I.4. Interface of information of DICOM's entry, 'NUMERICS' tab of steady model.

2.2.3

Morphology

In the next tag there are some parameters that define the spray, like geometry, speed
profile and distribution of mass fraction.
- Velocity fraction for spray boundary: Velocity limit at which it will be considered
there is no spray for being too low. It constitutes a way of delimiting the jet.
- Schmidt number: The Schmidt number is in the ratio of momentum diffusivity
(viscosity) and mass diffusivity. The value of the Schmidt number is normally 1 but we
can change it by a number between 0 and 1.
- Spray angle []: In this field we have to introduce the cone angle to define the steady
spray.

- Radial profile: This parameter allows choosing one of the four profiles available
(Exponential, Spalding, Hinze y Schlichting) to calculate speed and radial mass fraction
from its values in the central axis. The exponential-Gauss profile is the more used for
modeling.

Figure I.5. Interface of information of DICOM's entry, 'MORPHOLOGY' tab of steady model.

2.2.4

Injection rate

To introduce injection rate we can choose between direct input including the
momentum flow and mass flow; and derived input from the mass flow.

2.2.4.1 Direct input

- Momentum [N]: Value of momentum flow of injected fuel. To be a steady test it has
to be a constant value.
- Mass flow [kg/s]: Constant value of mass flow of injected fuel.
- Nozzle diameter [m]: Diameter of injector hole.

Figure I.6. Interface of information of DICOM's entry, 'INJECTION RATE' and 'DIRECT
INPUT' tab of steady model.

2.2.4.2 Derived input

In this case, it will not be necessary to take in count the momentum rate but only the
mass flow.
- Mass flow [kg/s]: Constant value of mass flow of injected fuel.
- Injection Pressure increase [Pa]: Difference of pressure in the unloading, between
injection and chamber.
7

- Velocity ratio Cv: Unloading coefficient of injection hole.

- Nozzle diameter [m]: Diameter of injector hole.

Figure I.7. Interface of information of DICOM's entry, 'INJECTION RATE' and 'DERIVED
INPUT' tab of steady model.

2.2.5

Mixing law

Finally, the last tag contains parameters which define the air/fuel mixture that depend
on both characteristics. There are three cases to be chosen:
2.2.5.1 Isothermal spray
In this case there is not combustion or heat Exchange. This is the simplest case which
requires only:
- Air density [kg/m3]: Air density which is in the chamber before de injection.
- Fuel density [kg/m3]: Density of injected fuel.
- Stoichiometric mass fraction: Relation of fuel/air mass necessary to realize the
combustion in stoichiometrics conditions.

Figure I.8. Interface of information of DICOM's entry, 'MIXING LAW' tab of steady model to an
Isothermal Spray.

2.2.5.2 Gas jet inert/reactive Spray inert/reactive

The next two cases require the same data, but the difference between both cases
resides in the state of injected fuel, gas or liquid, respectively.
- Air density [kg/m3]: Air density which is in the chamber before de injection.
- Pressure [Pa]: Pressure in the combustion chamber.
- Reactivity parameter, fLOL: This parameter can take a value between 0 and 1 to
define the mixture fraction at the distance of the lift-off length (LOL), in other words, the
point where the flame begins. In the point where the mixture fraction is inferior at the
defined value, the spray is reactive. If we choose the value 0, the spray will be inert; on
the other hand, if we choose 1, the spray will be totally reactive. Between both cases,
the spray will have an inert zone and a reactive zone.
- YN2,inf , YO2,inf [kgi/kg]: Mass fraction values of nitrogen and oxygen, respectively, in
ambient air in the combustion chamber before the injection.
- Fuel temperature [K]: Fuel temperature when injected into the combustion chamber.

Figure I.9. Interface of information of DICOM's entry, 'MIXING LAW' tab of steady model for a
Gas test.

Example
Finally, we can see an example of a file input.txt that saves all the input data of in
interface as we have explained earlier.
2.2.6

Figure I.10. Example of a file input.txt of a steady test.

10

2.3 TRANSIENT
The transient models give more real tests because of the variation of conditions at
each moment, because it will have to include text files in which exists temporal relation
of the written variables. However, in the next paragraph we will see each tag and the
changes in comparison with steady tests.
2.3.1

General

The interface is similar to the steady case, the only difference is that it includes a field
to input the time step to save the temporary results:
- Time interval to saving results [s]: Define time interval where the software will
create a new result file .dat.

Figure I.11. Interface of information of DICOM's entry, 'GENERAL' tab of transient model.

2.3.2

Numerics

Most of the parameters of spray discretization, calculations and storage of variables in

tables are the same that the steady test:
- Maximum length for calculation [m]: Defines the maximum length for calculation in
which it will come near during the study of the flame. We can choose a characteristic
length like the diameter of combustion chamber.
- Maximum time of calculation [m]: Final instant of calculation of the model.
- Mass fraction increase for State Relationship: Length between points in the table
of data for the steady model. We have into take in count that mass fraction data is
between 0 and 1.

11

- Mass fraction increase for integral tables: Like the previous parameter,
discretization of mass fraction but used in calculation and data storage of integrals
calculated by the program.
- Convergence boundary for main equations: Indicative value for calculation end, its
meaning, if the difference between results of 2 successive computations is less than
this limit value, the calculation stops.
- Velocity value when the Spray finishes in the cell [m/s]: Boundary value of the
end of the spray, such cell takes the velocity value of the spray, it will be considered as
the last value of spray.

Figure I.12. Interface of information of DICOM's entry, 'NUMERICS' tab of transient model.

2.3.3

Discretization

In this tag, are defined temporal and spatial criteria of discretization as well as the
relation between both to avoid mistakes of calculation. Moreover its not necessary to
have a very precise spatial and temporal discretization which generates an excessive
number of calculations and take a much longer time. For that, the following parameters
are defined:
First, we will choose the mode selection which will be automatic, already optimized
inside the program or free, defined by user.

12

Figure I.13. Interface of information of DICOM's entry, 'DISCRETIZATION' tab of transient

model.

- Courant Number: This constant defines the relation between spray propagation,
velocity and temporal and spatial discretization.

- Spatial increase: From the previous equation we can find the Courant Number, and
after the only parameter needed to calculate the temporal increase is the spatial
increase. We can do the inverse, for example, give the temporal increase to have the
spatial increase but in both cases, in automatic or free discretization, we need one
more parameter:
- Spatial increase constant: This parameter allows modifications, independent of
mode selection chosen, the spatial increment, multiplying the calculation per the
mentioned constant.

13

Figure I.13. Interface of information of DICOM's entry, 'DISCRETIZATION' tab in free

discretization mode of transient model.

2.3.4

Morphology

The parameters introduced in this part are the same as in the steady case. The only
difference between both cases is in the program of transient model which do not
contain the possibility to use different radial profiles to calculate the distribution field of
speed and mass fraction, and it use by default an exponential profile.
- Velocity fraction for spray boundary: Velocity limit at which it will be considered
there is no spray for being too low. It constitutes a way of delimiting the jet.
- Schmidt number: The Schmidt number is in the ratio of momentum diffusivity
(viscosity) and mass diffusivity. The value of the Schmidt number is normally 1 but we
can change it by a number between 0 and 1.
- Spray angle []: In this field we have to introduce the cone angle to define the steady
spray.

14

Figure I.13. Interface of information of DICOM's entry, 'MORPHOLOGY' tab of transient model.

2.3.5

Injection rate.

The only difference between introduction of injection rate in transient and steady test is
that, in transient, we can use variable injection rate along the injection. Therefore, we
will not introduce constant values in the injection rate parameters of mass flow and
momentum, but a table of these values in function of the time. To introduce these
values we will introduce the name and address of the file that has data.

2.3.5.1 Direct input of injection rate

- Momentum [N]: Value of momentum flow of injected fuel. To be a transient test it has
to be a table of values.
- Mass flow [kg/s]: table of values in function of the time of mass flow of injected fuel.
- Nozzle diameter [m]: Diameter of injector hole.

15

Figure I.14. Interface of information of DICOM's entry, 'INJECTION RATE' and 'DIRECT
INPUT' tab of transient model.

2.3.5.2 Derived input of injection rate

In this case, it will not be necessary to take in count the momentum rate but only the
mass flow.
- Mass flow [kg/s]: table of values in function of the time of mass flow of injected fuel.
- Injection Pressure increase [Pa]: Difference of pressure in the unloading, between
injection and chamber.
- Velocity ratio Cv: Unloading coefficient of injection hole.
- Nozzle diameter [m]: Diameter of injector hole.

16

Figure I.15. Interface of information of DICOM's entry, 'INJECTION RATE' and 'DERIVED
INPUT' tab of transient model.

After, we can see an example of a temporal file: mass flow rate, momentum rate,
pressure and density.

17

Figure I.18. Example of the file Tasa.txt incomplete.

2.3.6

Mixing law

For the mixing law too, there is changes in the parameters, like the ambient density file
(in isothermal case), or pressure inside the camber (gases cases or spray not
isothermal).
2.3.6.1 Isothermal spray
In this case there is not combustion or heat Exchange. This is the simplest case which
precise only:
- Air density [kg/m3]: Air density which is in the chamber before de injection.
- Fuel density [kg/m3]: Density of injected fuel.
- Stoichiometric mass fraction: Relation of fuel/air mass necessary to realize the
combustion in stoichiometric conditions.
18

Figure I.17. Interface of information of DICOM's entry, 'INJECTION RATE' and 'MIXING
LAW' tab of transient model.

2.3.6.2 Gas jet inert/reactive Spray inert/reactive

The next two cases require the same data, but the difference between both cases
resides in the state of injected fuel, gas or liquid, respectively.
- Air density [kg/m3]: Air density which is in the chamber before de injection.
- Pressure [Pa]: Pressure in the combustion chamber.
- Reactivity parameter, fLOL: This parameter can take a value between 0 and 1 to
define the mixture fraction at the distance of the lift-off length (LOL), in other words, the
point where the flame begins. In the point where the mixture fraction is inferior at the
defined value, the spray is reactive. If we choose the value 0, the spray will be inert; on
the other hand, if we choose 1, the spray will be totally reactive. Between both cases,
the spray will have an inert zone and a reactive zone.
- YN2,inf , YO2,inf [kgi/kg]: Mass fraction values of nitrogen and oxygen, respectively, in
ambient air in the combustion chamber before the injection.
- Fuel temperature [K]: Fuel temperature when injected into the combustion chamber.
Moreover, there is a new parameter for the non isothermal cases:
-Start of combustion time, t_soc [s]: This parameter introduces the instant at which
the combustion begins. As we have seen before, its not always the same the same
value as the experimental results, but there should be an ignition delay.

19

An instant previous to the indicated one, although the mixture fraction is inferior at f LOL
there will be not a reactive zone in the flame. We have to avoid incompatibility in the
choice of values. For example, if we have an oxygen mass fraction null, the spray will
be inert and the other values have to be coherent: fLOL null y tSOC bigger than the final
time of calculation.

Figure I.18. Interface of information of DICOM's entry, 'INJECTION RATE' and 'MIXING
LAW' tab of transient model.

2.3.7

Example

An entry file input.txt complete of a transient test:

20

Figure I.21. Example of the file input.txt complete of a transient test.

3 OUTPUT DATA
Output files created by both types of calculations, steady and transient, are very
different and we will do a chapter for each one of them. All the files are written in the
address introduced in the interface.
But there are two files which are the same for steady or transient. These two files are:
relst.dat and integ.dat.
3.1.1

Relst.dat

In this output file the relative results to states relations are written, temperatures,
densities and mass fraction. Nevertheless, there are many changes in function of the
modeled test:
- Isothermal: In this case its only the mixture fraction and density associated with a
given mixture that are calculated.
- Gaseous jet: If the test is inert the mixture fraction, the density, temperature and
mass fractions of each fuel and gas associated at each mixture fraction are tabulated.
If the test is reactive, all these columns double for the reactive case
- Spray: Like the previous file, the program includes two columns which contain mass
fractions of each fuel and their liquid and vapor phase.

21

Figure I.23. Example of file relst.dat incomplete of a steady test.

3.1.2

Integ.dat

The last file of the steady calculation includes the tables of integrals calculated by the
model. In these, are tabulated with the column of mixture fraction, a group of columns
variable in function of the test type:
- Isothermal: Are calculated integrals of parameters 1, 2, Sc, 1+Sc y 0, besides the
integrals of mass under relative dosage.
- Gaseous jet: Are added, at the previous columns, the integrals of all of the species,
that's meaning, each unburned fuel and gases which take part
- Spray: Finally, to the previous integrals are added the results of the integrals of mass
evaporated of each fuel, liquid and vapor mass of the same one.

22

Figure I.24. Example of archive integ.dat incomplete of a steady test.

Now we are going to see the specific files of both cases:

3.2 STEADY
The steady test creates three files that the program saves and names automatically:
estacionario.dat, relst.dat and integ.dat.
Now, we will describe the estacionario.dat, the other two have already been described
before. Its important to remind that the steady generates generic results, and not for
real instants like in transient conditions, since in an stationary test the jet is supposedly
stable and therefore the results would not change from a moment to other one in the
calculation. Moreover, the number of values depends on the type of test.
3.2.1

Estacionario.dat

This file has the main results of the model, in which there is the following data:
parameter
xeje

unit
m

ucl
fcl
tcx

m/s
s

definition
Position on the central axis, for all values its an axial
position.
Spray velocity on its axis.
Mixture fraction in the spray axis.
Time of the position on the spray axis.

23

Rini_u, Rini_f

R
x/deq

m
-

numiter

kg/s

umed
fmed
rho_cl
rho_med
rho_med_flujo
R_x

m/s
kg/m3
kg/m3
kg/m3
m

Revap_CXHy

mf

kg/m

mfmix_x

kg/m

mf_CXHymixevap

kg/m

ma
S_x
Sevap_CXHy

kg/m
m
m

miny
mfmix_x_ac

kg
kg

mfCXHy_mixevap
_ac
ma_ac
mfCXHy_sq

kg

mfCXHy_l

kg/m

mfCXHy_sq_ac
mf_q_ac
mfCXHy_l_ac,
mfCXHy_v_ac

kg/m
kg/m
kg/m

kg
kg/m

Representation of the cone of the initial intact zone

represented by a radius for each position.
The initial zone is defined by two aspects, the spray
velocity (equal to the input) and mixture fraction (equal to
the unity).
Spray radius.
Quotient of the axial position value and the equivalent
diameter.
This value is a normalized data for other tests with
different conditions.
Iteration number necessary to come to the solution in the
loop of calculation.
Mass flow which crosses each defined section by axial
position.
Average velocity along the section.
Average mixture fraction along the section.
Density on the axis.
Average density on the section.
Average density calculated on the flow.
Radius of each section in which there is a relative
dosage of x.
Radius of each section in which the spray passes from
totally
liquid
to
totally
gaseous.
There are as many columns as fuels and if the jet is not a
spray the radius gives itself for the relative dosage 3.
Total fuel quantity that there is by length in each section
Total fuel quantity that there is by length in each section
with relative dosage richer than x.
Fuel quantity indicated that there are by length below the
dosage
of
evaporation
of
the
fuel.
Air quantity that there is by length in each section
Penetration curve of jet with a relative dosage of x.
Penetration curve of evaporation surface of the fuel.
For jet no spray will be represented under the relative
dosage 3.
Total mass injected up to the axial position indicated.
Total mass accumulated up to the indicated section
under the dosage x.
Total mass accumulated up to the surface of evaporation
dosage of each fuel, or by default, the relative dosage 3.
Air mass accumulated up to the indicated section.
Quantity of unburned fuel by length, except for the
isothermal case.
Quantity of fuel by length, respectively liquid and vapor,
for each section.
Total mass of the unburned fuel up to a section.
Global mass of the burned fuel up to a section.
Total mass accumulated of the fuel by length up to a
section, liquid and vapor, respectively.
24

mO2_ac,
mCO2_ac,
mH2O_ac

kg/m

Tcl
Tmed
YfCXHy_cl
YfCXHy_v_cl,
YfCXHy_l_cl
YN2_cl,YO2_cl,Y
CO2_cl,YH2O_cl

K
K
-

Total mass accumulated up to a section of gases that

take part, depends on the test conditions,
so that it is possible that there is none of the three, only
oxygen or four gases
Temperature of jet in its axis.
Average temperature of jet for one section.
Mass fraction of the fuel in a jet axis.
Mass fraction of the fuel in each phase, respectively,
vapor or liquid in the central line.
Mass fraction in the axis of each one of the gases which
take part in the test.

Figure I.22. Example of file estacionario.dat incomplete of a steady test.

3.3 TRANSIENT
In the transient test, we have already seen that the input data could be variable, in
consequence, a study is realized with a temporal follow up which is composed by the
following files: Temp1.dat, Temp2.dat, relest.dat, integ.dat and dat.dat. The first two
files are unique for each test which reference different variables in function of time in
different columns. The integrals file and state relations file are the same as in steady
calculations, with the only difference that the calculation for both is made two times,
one time before the combustion and a second at the beginning of the combustion. And
finally, the temporal files, with interval of time specified in the first screen of input data,
they gather concrete moments of the jet in studding a series of variables around its
position in the axis.
Now, we are going to see each text file:

25

3.3.1

Temp1.dat

Only one file of this type is created, which gathers variables that are used in the
calculation module at each moment. These are the variables of the calculation, with a
column of time variable:

parameter
u0

unit
m/s

definition
Velocity of injection at the exit of the nozzle.

I0

Momentum rate of injected jet at the exit of the nozzle.

M0

kg/s

Mass flow of fuel in entry. The three previous variables are

directly connected and will be introduced as entry data.

rho_a[]

Ambient air density inside the chamber for each moment,

introduced via a text file.

do
Ta
Tst
fLOL

kg/m
3
kg/m
3
m
K
K
-

fevap_CxHy

Indicates the dosage of evaporation calculated for the fuel.

rho_f

Injected fuel density for each moment, introduced since a text

file.
Nozzle diameter, constant during all the calculation.
Air temperature.
Temperature of stoichiometric surface.
This parameter takes the null value (inert test) until the
time of start of combustion, after that it takes the value indicated
by the user.

Figure I.25. Example of archive temp1.txt incomplete of a transient test.

26

3.3.2

Temp2.dat

Variables tabulated in this archive represent some variables at the exit of the loop of
calculation. Are represented in function of the time:

parameter
S
S_x
S_evap_CxHy
S_evap_o_CxHy

unit
m
m
m
m

miny
ma
mfmix_x_ac

kg
kg
kg

mfCxHy_mixevap kg
_ac

definition
Penetration value of the jet.
Penetration value of the surface with relative dosage x.
Penetration value of the surface of evaporation of the fuel.
Penetration value of the surface of evaporation of the fuel,
calculated from the origin.
Fuel mass injected up to a given moment.
Air mass accumulated in the jet up to a given moment.
Fuel mass accumulated up to the moment under the relative
dosage x.
Fuel mass accumulated up to the moment under the dosage
of evaporation of each fuel.
Lift-off-length, distance since the exit of the nozzle until the lift
off of the flame
Mass of the unburned fuel accumulated up to the moment.
Global mass of burned fuel accumulated up to the moment.
Mass of gaseous species which take part, accumulated inside
the jet up to a given moment.

LOL

mfCxHy_sq_ac
mf_q_ac
mO2_ac,
mCO2_ac,
Mh2O_ac

kg
kg
kg

mfCxHy_l,
mfCxHy_v
uclmax
x_uclmax

kg/ Mass by unit of length of the fuel, in liquid or vapor, respectively

m
m/s Maximal velocity along the jet at every moment.
m
Distance at which there is the maximal velocity of jet on its axis.

fclmax
x_fclmax

Maximum mixture fraction of the jet.

Position at which there is the maximal mixture fraction of jet on
its axis.

27

Figure I.26. Example of archive temp2.txt incomplete of a transient test.

3.3.3

Dat.dat

The program creates files at every time interval, determined by the user to save results.
This file contains variables that are represented in function of the axis position of the
jet, which define an immediate picture of jet.
These variables are:

parameter
uclmax
fcl

unit
m/s
-

definition

I
Mf
INT_u_XR_ant
INT_f_XR_ant
M

N
kg/s
kg*m/s
kg
kg/s

umed
fmed
rho_cl
rho_med

m/s
kg/m3
kg/m3
m
m

Momentum of the jet for the defined section

Mass flow of fuel in the defined section.
Integral of the velocity at the previous volume.
Integral of the mixture fraction at the previous volume.
Mass flow that crosses each defined section by axial
position.
Average velocity along the section.
Average mixture fraction along the section.
Density on the axis.
Average density on the section.

R
Rini
R_x

Maximal velocity along the jet at every moment.

Mixture fraction in the spray axis.

Spray radius for each defined section.

Limit radius which defines the cone of the intact initial zone
for every radial position.
Radius of each section in which there is a relative dosage
28

Revap_CXHy

mf

kg/m

mfmix_x

kg/m

mf_CXHymixeva kg/m
p
ma
mfCXHy_sq

kg/m
kg/m

mfCXHy_l,
mfCXHy_v

kg/m

mO2,
mCO2,
mH2O
Tcl
Tmed
YfCXHy_cl
YfCXHy_v_cl,
YfCXHy_l_cl
YN2_cl,
YO2_cl,
YCO2_cl,
YH2O_cl

kg/m

K
K
-

of x.
Radius of each section in which the spray passes from
totally liquid to totally gaseous. There are as many
columns as fuels and if the jet is not a spray the radius
gives itself for the relative dosage 3.
Total fuel quantity that there is by length in each section.

Total fuel quantity that there is by length in each section

with relative dosage richer than x.
Fuel quantity by length under the dosage of evaporation of
the
fuel.
Air quantity that there is by length in each section
Quantity
of
the
unburned
fuel
by
length,
except for the isothermal case.
Quantity of each fuel by length, liquid and vapor,
respectively
Total mass until a section of gases that take part.
Depends on the test conditions, so that it is possible that
there is none of the three, only oxygen or four gases
Temperature of jet in its axis.
Average temperature of jet for one section.
Mass fraction of each fuel in a jet axis.
Mass fraction of the fuel in each phase in the central line,
liquid and vapor, respectively.
Mass fraction in the axis for each one of the gases
that take part at the test.

29

Figure I.27. Example of file dat.dat incomplete of a transient test.

30