Automatic Control Circuit

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Automatic Control Circuit

(Summary)
Since the early days of television, automatic control circuits have been
used. However, as circuit designs have become enhanced, more automatic control
circuits are now used. Some of this are used by all manufacturers, for all
screen sizes.Larger-screem direct-view tend to have more automatic control
circuits.
One of the most common automatic control circuits used in television
reciever and monitor is the automatic gain control (AGC) which often called
automatic volume control (AVC). This circuit is a closed-loop system, the
purpose of which is to provied a fixed level of video signal at its output. It
develops a dc control voltage for the AGC bias. To eliminate ac signal
variations. RC filters are used to smooth the dc bias, it helps to minimize
the effect of noise. The AGC main purpose is to reduce gain for strong
signals, to prevent overloading with too much signal input for the RF and IF
amplifiers.
Automatic fine-tuning is also a common automatic circuit used, is a
closed-loop feedback which controls the frequency of the local oscillator in
the tuner of the superheterodyne television receiver. It produces control
voltage to stabilise the local oscillator. Horizontal AFC operates at 15,734
Hz, this frequency is actually a low radio frequency. The higher the output
frequency of an oscillator, the more likely it is to drift. The horizontal AFC
circuit received two signals, the horizontal sync signal from the sync
separator stage, and the feedback signal from the horizontal deflection
amplifier. When these two signals are compared, the result is the dc control
voltage.
The automatic color control (ACC) circuit, it can be considered as AGC
for the color amplifier. The ACC detector block controls the gain of the first
color bandpass amplifier by monitoring the amplitude of the color burst. THe
amount of burst input determines how much gain the ACC circuit allows in the
bandpass amplifier. The color-killer block is also a gain control, it cut off
the color bandpass amplifrier when a monochrome signal is being received. A
confettie or color snow appears on the screen of the CRT when the antenna
input is disconnected. The color-killer is adjusted so that color cinfetti
just dissapears. The color-killer circuit is desugned to ignore noise.
Lastly, the x-ray protect circuits this can be emitted when a highvelocity electron strikes a positive anode. This circuit is usually factoryset and does not require any further adjustment. The input comes from the IHVT
to protect circuit and the output goes to the large I-C containing the
horizontal circuit.
The previously discussed automatic circuits are somewhat common. You

might also run across some others on selected models. Some of these are the
automatic brightess level a circuit providing a closed-loop feedback to the
Y/C processor I-C, the automatic cathode bias a circuit that corrects for CRT
variations and the auto-"mode" circuits which receive a signal from the
microcontroller to auto-"mute" the sound whenever channels are changed.

ElecTHREEnics
ECE-3a
Bacani,Rosemarie
Ibarra, Clarizza
Ramirez, R-jay

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