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    DNS Records

    Uploaded by

    amlesh80
    DNS Record

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    DNS Records

    Uploaded by

    amlesh80
    212 views10 pages
    DNS Record

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

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    DNS Record

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    212 views10 pages

    DNS Records

    Uploaded by

    amlesh80
    DNS Record

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 10

    In order to find resources on the network, computers need a

    system to look up the location of resources. This video looks at


    the DNS records that contain information about resources and
    services on the network. The client can request these records
    from a DNS server in order to locate resources like web sites,
    Active Directory Domains and Mail Servers just to name a few.

    Copyright 2012 http://ITFreeTraining.com

    In this video
    This video will look at the following DNS records:
    Host (A and AAAA): Contains IP Addresses for IPv4 and IPv6
    hosts
    Alias (CNAME): Works just like a shortcut for files except for DNS
    records.
    Mail Exchange (MX): Holds the address of mail servers for that
    domain.
    Service Record (SRV): Holds the address of services on the
    network. E.g. Active Directory DCs.
    Start of Authority (SOA): Contains information and configuration
    for a zone file.
    Name Server (NS): Contain the address of other DNS servers for
    that zone.
    Pointer (PTR): Reverse look up record allowing a hostname for
    an IP Address to be look up.

    Copyright 2012 http://ITFreeTraining.com

    Host (A and AAAA)


    The host record is used to store the address of a hostname. A
    is used for IPv4 and AAAA (Quad A) for IPv6. These can be
    created manually in DNS or if dynamic DNS is enabled and the
    client can register its hostname and thus its IP Address with the
    DNS server.

    Copyright 2012 http://ITFreeTraining.com

    Alias (CName)
    A canonical name or CName record provides an alias service in
    DNS. A CName effectively points to another A or Quad A record.
    When the client requests the hostname that is contained in the
    CName, they are given the IP Address that is contained in the A
    record or Quad A record. The advantage of a CName is that it
    can provide a simple name to the user rather than a more
    complex server name. For example, instead of having to
    remember FS27 for the local file server, a CName of FS could be
    used to point towards the server FS27. CNames can also be
    used to transparently redirect network traffic. For example, if
    you changed you mind and wanted to redirect the user to FS28
    you would only need to change the CName record to point to
    FS28 rather than FS27. It should be remembered that the old
    record may exist in the client cache and may take some time to
    expire.

    Copyright 2012 http://ITFreeTraining.com

    Mail Exchange (MX)


    The mail exchange record contains a mail server that is able to
    process mail for that domain name. When a mail server wants
    to deliver mail, it will perform a DNS lookup asking the DNS
    server for an MX record for that DNS Domain name. The mail
    server will then attempt to deliver mail to that server. The mail
    server does not need to have the same DNS name as the mail
    that is being delivered, it simply needs to understand how to
    process mail for that DNS domain name.

    Copyright 2012 http://ITFreeTraining.com

    Mail Exchange (MX)


    The MX record also has priority value that can be configured. If
    two or more MX Exchange records exist for the same DNS
    Doman name, the MX record with the lowest priority will be
    tried first. If this fails, the MX record with the next lowest value
    will be tried until the mail is delivered. Often large companies
    will have multiple mail severs for incoming mail. In some cases,
    these additional mail servers may be located on different sides
    of the globe in case there is a long network outage.

    Copyright 2012 http://ITFreeTraining.com

    Service Record (SRV)


    Service records allow clients on the network to find resources
    on the network. Active Directory creates a number of service
    records in DNS to allow clients to find resources like Domain
    Controllers. This is why Active Directory cannot operate without
    DNS. A single service record has a number of data fields
    associated with it. These include, service, target, port and
    priority. Service records are normally created automatically by
    applications assuming that your DNS server allows dynamic
    updates.

    Copyright 2012 http://ITFreeTraining.com

    Start of Authority (SOA)


    There is one start of authority record (SOA) for each zone. Even
    though the SOA is technically a DNS record, essentially
    modification of the SOA record is performed through the
    properties of the DNS zone. Looking at the data in the SOA
    record, you can configure options for the zone like the primary
    name server for that zone (DNS servers that hold the master
    records for the zone), the e-mail address of an administrator,
    serial number (Incremented each time a change is made in the
    DNS zone) and the refresh time for the zone (How often a
    secondary zone should query a master for changes).

    Copyright 2012 http://ITFreeTraining.com

    Name Server (NS)


    This contains DNS servers for that zone that contain primary
    data or have been copied from a primary zone. This means it
    does not contain DNS servers that have cached DNS records. In
    other words, name servers contain servers that contain the
    most up to date records for that DNS domain name

    Copyright 2012 http://ITFreeTraining.com

    Pointer (PTR)
    A pointer record performs the opposite function of a host record. If the
    client was to give the DNS server an IP Address, the DNS server would
    response back with the hostname. Pointer records are not required for
    day to day functions, like running Active Directory. They are mainly used
    for troubleshooting tools.
    See http://YouTube.com/ITFreeTraining or http://itfreetraining.com for
    our always free training videos. This is only one video from the many free
    courses available on YouTube.

    References
    MCTS 70-640 Configuring Windows Server 2008 Active Directory Second
    edition pg 458 459
    Installing and Configuring Windows Server 2012 Exam Ref 70-410 pg
    236-237
    SRV record http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SRV_record

    Copyright 2012 http://ITFreeTraining.com

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