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Thermofluids - Level5 - Assignment-1 2015-16

(1) The student is asked to analyze the performance of the steam cycle at Fawley power station and consider converting it to alternative fuel sources. They must draw a simplified schematic of the steam turbine power plant, show the steam cycle on graph paper including property values and efficiencies, and calculate mass flows and compare fuel types like fuel oil and biomass. (2) Tasks include drawing a schematic and steam cycle diagram, calculating the steam cycle efficiency, estimating turbine efficiencies from literature, recalculating efficiency, and calculating mass flows and comparing fuel types while discussing their pros and cons regarding engineering and environmental impacts. (3) The solution must be in a professional report format addressing each element of the engineering

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Shrey Tyagi
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566 views2 pages

Thermofluids - Level5 - Assignment-1 2015-16

(1) The student is asked to analyze the performance of the steam cycle at Fawley power station and consider converting it to alternative fuel sources. They must draw a simplified schematic of the steam turbine power plant, show the steam cycle on graph paper including property values and efficiencies, and calculate mass flows and compare fuel types like fuel oil and biomass. (2) Tasks include drawing a schematic and steam cycle diagram, calculating the steam cycle efficiency, estimating turbine efficiencies from literature, recalculating efficiency, and calculating mass flows and comparing fuel types while discussing their pros and cons regarding engineering and environmental impacts. (3) The solution must be in a professional report format addressing each element of the engineering

Uploaded by

Shrey Tyagi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Thermofluids and Sustainable Energy Level5 Assignment 2015-16

Case Study - estimation of Fawley power station efficiency & conversion to


renewable fuel source

Background
Fawley power station was an oil-fired power station located on the western shore of
Southampton water in Hampshire, and reported to be one of the most efficient oil fired power
stations in the UK. In 2013 it stopped producing power from fossil fuels in line with the EU
Large Combustion Plant Directive.
The heat produced in the boiler furnace converted pure water to superheated steam, which
left the boiler at up to 165 times atmospheric pressure and at a temperature of 541C.
The steam from the boiler passed through the high pressure section of the steam turbine,
turning the blades and shaft at 3,000 revolutions per minute. The steam returned to the
boiler for reheating, and then to the turbine intermediate pressure stage, and then passed to
the three low pressure stages.
As the steam left the turbine, it was cooled back to water by large condensers before
passing back to the boiler. The condensers were cooled by sea water, pumped from
Southampton Water, which was then returned to the Solent through tunnels.

Specification
4 x 500MW turbo gen sets Oil fired
Turbines:

HP inlet 165bar / 541degC


IP inlet 40bar / 541degC
3 x LP in parallel

Alternator:

3000rpm (22kV)

Condensers:

Press 0.037bar (27degC sat)


Cooling water 51x106 gal/hr

Feedwater heaters:

3 low press (mixing), 6 high press (closed)

Tasks
You are required to analyse the performance of the steam cycle, and comment on the
feasibility of converting to alternative fuel sources. Making suitable approximations where
required, and referencing sources of additional information (books, technical papers, on-line
resources), complete the following tasks:

(1) Draw a schematic of the steam turbine power-plant (one of the four generating sets),
indicating system states around the cycle (limit the quantity of FWHs included in your
system to one (open), or remove altogether, and assume the 3xLP turbines
behave as 1xLP turbine to simplify the analysis). ie. there are two possible
schematics for the steam power-plant.
(10marks)
(2) Draw the steam cycle to scale on A3 graph paper, indicating system states and key
property values around the cycle. Assume isentropic expansion and compression for
turbine and pumps. Produce a table of steam property values at states around the
cycle and show your working.
Calculate the steam cycle efficiency.
(30marks)
(3) Estimate through literature review isentropic efficiency for turbines and pumps. State
your sources. Plot this on a Mollier (h-s) diagram (A4 size) for the key turbine stages.
Re-calculate the steam cycle efficiency including the turbine and pump isentropic
efficiencies.
(25marks)
(4) Calculate the mass flow of steam in the cycle for rated power output, the heat input
rate to the steam, and by making assumptions for boiler efficiency (determine from
literature review).
Compare the mass flow rate of the following different fuels if used to fuel the boiler:
Fuel oil
Biomass
Discuss briefly the pros and cons of the two different fuel types (engineering and
environmental considerations, commenting on the European Union Large
Combustion Plant Directive).
(25marks)
Assessment:
The solution must be presented in a professional report format & typed, but concise. Each
element of the Engineering Problem Solving Method must be clearly listed. 10 marks are
for clarity of your work and report presentation.
Submission deadline: Friday 5pm 23rd-Oct-2015
Format: Electronic copy via Moodle only

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