CoDe oF PRACtICe

on electrical safety
for work on or near
high voltage electrical
apparatus

the blue book

VICtoRIA 2012

ISSUE SHEET
Copy Number ..................................................................
CONTROLLED COPY
UNCONTROLLED COPY
Note: Uncontrolled copies will NOT be subject to
automatic revision servicing.

ISSUED TO: ............................................................

COMPANY: .............................................................
DATE: ......................................................................
This book to be returned to the issuer on request
or on termination of employment.

ISSUED BY:.............................................................

the blue book

NOTE TO USERS
Victorias statutory electrical safety requirements
are set out in the Energy Safe Victoria Act 2005,
Electricity Safety Act 1998 and associated
regulations. This Code of Practice has been
developed by the Electrical Safety Committee
(ESC), which has been established under Section
8 of the Energy Safe Victoria Act 2005.
Employers, employees, self-employed persons and
all persons conducting a business or undertaking
are required to comply with this Code.
This Code of Practice is regularly reviewed to
ensure that it reflects current work requirements
and emerging technologies.

DISCLAIMER
No person should act or rely on the contents of this
publication before considering and, if appropriate,
taking professional advice upon that persons own
particular circumstances. The ESC believes that,
to the best of its knowledge, the information in
this publication is correct but no person gives any
warranty of completeness, accuracy or reliability
in respect of the information or publication. This
publication is sold or otherwise made available
Blue Book October 2012

on the basis that the ESC and its respective

representatives, members, employees and agents,
the authors and the publishers:
are not responsible for any error in or omission
from this publication, and
except for liability under statute, which cannot be
excluded, expressly disclaim all and any liability,
including without limitation for negligence,
to any person, whether a purchaser of this
publication or not, in respect of anything and of
the consequences of anything done or omitted
to be done by any person in reliance, whether
whole or partial, upon the whole or any part of
the contents of this publication.

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Blue Book October 2012

ELECTRICAL SAFETY COMMITTEE

MEMBERSHIP
Peter Billsdon

Chairperson
Generator representative
AGL Hydro

David Harden

Distribution representative
SP AusNet

John Papamichael Distribution representative

CitiPower Powercor
Dennis Munn

Transmission representative
SP AusNet

David Le Lievre

HV customer representative
ALCOA World Alumina Australia

Dennis Mason

HV customer representative
industry consultant

Steve Darnley

Victorian WorkCover Authority

Graeme Watson

Electrical Trades Union & VTHC

Loc Vuong

Energy Safe Victoria

Paul Burgess

National Electrical and

Communications Association

Des Dalton

Generator representative
IPM LYB

Mark Fowler

HV contractors representative
Utility Asset Management

Blue Book October 2012

iii

FURTHER INFORMATION
Anyone seeking additional information on HV safety
should contact:
Employer
HV assets owner
Generation, transmission and
distribution businesses
Energy Safe Victoria
For general workplace health and safety advice,
contact :
WorkSafes Advisory Service on 1800 136 089
Suggestions or comments regarding possible
amendments should be addressed to:

Energy Safe Victoria,

PO Box 262,

Collins St West,

Melbourne, 8007

Telephone: (03) 9203 9700

Facsimile: (03) 9686 2197

Email: [email protected]

ESV website: www.esv.vic.gov.au

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Blue Book October 2012

STATEMENT FROM THE DIRECTOR OF

ENERGY SAFETY
Energy Safe Victoria (ESV) is the regulator for
electrical and gas safety in Victoria, Australia. Part
of ESVs role is to ensure high safety standards are
maintained for the design, construction, operation
and maintenance of electrical installations and
electricity supply networks. The Code of Practice
on Electrical Safety for Work on or Near High
Voltage Electrical Apparatus (the Blue Book) is an
essential part of that role.
The 2012 Blue Book has been prepared by the
Electrical Safety Committee established under
Section 8 of the Energy Safe Victoria Act 2005.
The Electricity Safety (Installations) Regulations
2009 require owners and operators of high voltage
electrical installations and complex electrical
installations to comply with the Blue Book.
Pursuant to the Electricity Safety (Management)
Regulations 2009, the Blue Book is a published
technical standard that major electricity companies
in Victoria must comply with, unless they establish
a level of safety in their ESV-accepted Electricity
Safety Management schemes that is at least
equivalent to that provided by the Blue Book.
Blue Book October 2012

ESV recognises that the industry needs time to train

and make workers aware of the requirements of
the 2012 Blue Book. It has therefore been decided
that the Code of Practice on Electrical Safety for
Work on or Near High Voltage Electrical Apparatus
published in 2005 will be superseded by the 2012
Blue Book on 1 April 2013.
I endorse the 2012 Blue Book and commend the
committee members and organisations involved in
producing this revision.

Paul Fearon
Director of Energy Safety
1 October 2012

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Blue Book October 2012

CONTENTS

DEFINITIONS

xi

PURPOSE

SCOPE

GENERAL SAFETY REQUIREMENTS

4
3.1 Hazard identification, risk assessment and control 4
3.2 First aid
5
3.3 Communications
5
3.4 Forms
5
3.5 Use and testing of operating and live-line

equipment
6
3.6 Insulating sticks
7
3.7 Labelling of electrical apparatus
7
3.8 Ladders
7
3.9 Personal protective equipment
7
3.10 Tapes and other measuring devices
9
3.11 Use of safety observers
9
3.12 Fit state for work
10
3.13 Work within electric and magnetic fields
11

TRAINING AND AUTHORISATION

4.1 General
4.2 Approved training standard
4.3 Records

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15
15
15
17

vii

viii

WORK IN THE VICINITY OF ELECTRICAL

APPARATUS
5.1 General
5.2 Handling objects/loads
5.3 Erection or dismantling of overhead conductors
5.4 Use of mobile plant
5.5 Work by ordinary persons
5.6 Work within stations or on multi-circuit overhead
lines with multiple asset ownership
APPROACH TO ELECTRICAL APPARATUS
6.1 General
6.2 Safe approach distance persons
6.3 Safe approach distances - vehicles
6.4 Safe approach distances uninsulated

mobile plant
6.5 Safe approach distance insulated mobile plant
6.6 Emergency approach
6.7 Contact with live high voltage conductors by

means of appliances
6.8 Approach to live high voltage insulated cables
6.9 Work in stations
6.10 Work outside of stations
OPERATION OF HIGH VOLTAGE ELECTRICAL
APPARATUS
7.1 Persons authorised to operate high voltage

electrical apparatus
7.2 High voltage switching

18
18
19
20
21
23
23
24
24
27
33
36
39
42
42
42
44
44
45
45
46

Blue Book October 2012

EARTHING OF HIGH VOLTAGE ELECTRICAL

APPARATUS
8.1 General requirements
8.2 Earthing for access to high voltage electrical
apparatus
8.3 Removal of earth when working under an access
authority
8.4 Earthing of overhead lines
8.5 Overhead lines priority earthing system
8.6 High voltage metal-clad switch units
8.7 Discharge of high voltage capacitors

47
47
48
49
50
51
51
52

ACCESS FOR WORK ON OR NEAR HIGH VOLTAGE

ELECTRICAL APPARATUS
53
9.1 General
53
9.2 Electrical access permit procedure
55
9.3 Testing HV electrical apparatus procedure
63
9.4 Out of commission electrical apparatus
69
9.5 Suspension of an access authority
70
9.6 Live work high voltage
72
9.7 Preparing high voltage electrical apparatus for
access
75
9.8 Working on insulated power or supervisory cables 84

10 PLACING HIGH VOLTAGE ELECTRICAL

APPARATUS IN SERVICE
86
10.1 Clearance for service
86
10.2 Connections to new or out of commission electrical
apparatus
86

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ix

11 LOW VOLTAGE NETWORK ASSETS

88
11.1 General
88
11.2 Work on or near live low voltage conductors
88
11.3 Work on or near de-energised low voltage exposed
conductors
89
12 WORK BY PERSONS NOT UNDER THE CONTROL

OF THE ASSET OWNER
12.1 General
12.2 Permit to work adjacent to network assets
12.3 Work on abandoned underground cables
12.4 Safe approach distances for tree clearing workers
not under the control of the asset owner

91
91
92
93
93

Appendix A
INFORMATION TO BE CONTAINED IN FORMS
Application for an access authority
An application for an access authority shall contain:

95
95
95

Application for authority to work in the vicinity of

electrical apparatus

96

Personal authorisations

97

Authority to work in the vicinity of electrical

apparatus

98

Clearance to place electrical apparatus into

service (may also be overhead line clearance and
underground cable clearance)

98

Electrical access permit and sanction for testing

99

Statement of condition of apparatus/plant (SCAP) 100

Blue Book October 2012

DEFINITIONS
For the purpose of this Code of Practice, the
following definitions shall apply:
1

Access authority means any form of

authorisation that allows access to, work on or
near, or testing of electrical apparatus.

Examples used in this Code are:

Electrical access permit means a form of
authorisation that allows access to, and work
upon, electrical apparatus.

Sanction for testing means a form of

authorisation to allow energisation of electrical
apparatus for testing purposes.

Permit to work adjacent to network

assets means a document providing written
permission to persons, other than employees
or contractors of the network operator, to work
within safe approach distances or near the
network operators electrical apparatus.

Alive see live

Appliance means any instrument or device

designed for use near or in direct contact with
live high voltage conductors.

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xi

Approved
means
having
appropriate
organisation endorsement in writing for a
specific function.

Authorised person means a person with

technical knowledge or sufficient experience
who has been approved, or has the delegated
authority to act on behalf of the organisation, to
perform the duty concerned. Examples used in
this Code are:

Authorised
applicant
means
an
approved person who has been assessed
as competent against an approved training
standard to make applications for specified
types of access authorities.

Authorised electrical operator means

an approved person who has been assessed
as competent against an approved training
standard to carry out switching operations
on high voltage electrical apparatus.

Authorised live HV worker means an

approved person who has been assessed
as competent against an approved training
standard to carry out particular work on or near
exposed, live high voltage conductors.

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Blue Book October 2012

Authorised recipient means an approved

person who has been assessed as competent
against an approved training standard to
receive an electrical access permit.

Authorised tester means an authorised

recipient who has been assessed as competent
against an approved training standard, and is
approved to receive sanction for testing.

Authority to receive electrical access

permits means a form of authorisation held by
an authorised recipient.

Authority to receive sanctions for testing

means a form of authorisation held by an
authorised tester.

Authority to work in the vicinity of electrical

apparatus means a form of authorisation to
be used where applicable to allow work in the
vicinity of electrical apparatus.

Bonded means connected together in such a

manner as to ensure that all connected parts
are maintained at the same potential.

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xiii

10 Cable means an insulated conductor or two or

more such conductors laid together, whether
with or without fillings, reinforcements or
protective coverings.
11 Circuit breaker means a device capable of
making, carrying and breaking currents under
normal and abnormal circuit conditions, such
as short circuit.
12 Competent means having the skills, knowledge
and attributes a person needs to complete a
task.
13 Conductor means a wire or form of metal
designed for carrying electric current.
14 Connected means joined together by a
conductor capable of carrying electrical current
for its required function or purpose by either
physically clamping or bolting conductors
together or closing a circuit breaker, switch or
similar device.
15 De-energised means not connected to any
source of electrical supply but not necessarily
isolated.

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Blue Book October 2012

16 Discharged means having been connected to

the general mass of earth in such a manner as
to remove any residual electrical energy in a
conductor.
17 Earthed means directly electrically connected
to the general mass of earth so as to ensure and
maintain the effective dissipation of electrical
energy.
18 Earthing device means an approved device
used for the earthing of conductors.
19 Electrical apparatus means any electrical
equipment, including overhead lines and
underground cables, the conductors of which
are live or can be made live.
20 Energised means connected to a source of
electrical supply.
21 Equipotential work zone A work zone (area,
site) where all equipment is interconnected
by hoppers, earths, earth rods, and/or earth
grids that will provide acceptable potential
differences between all parts of the work zone
under worst-case conditions of energisation.

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xv

22 Exposed conductor means an electrical

conductor, approach to which is not prevented
by a barrier of rigid material or by insulation
that is adequate under a relevant Australian
Standard specification for the voltage
concerned.
23 High voltage or HV means a nominal voltage
exceeding 1000 volts AC. or exceeding 1500
volts DC.
24 High voltage electrical apparatus means
Electrical apparatus that is required to operate
at high voltage. This definition shall not
include the secondary wiring of instrument
transformers or control devices that may
operate on occasions above 1000 volts.
25 High voltage customer means any user of
electricity (excluding the licensed generators,
transmission and distribution companies)
directly connected at high voltage to the
transmission or distribution networks.
26 Instructed person means a person adequately
advised or supervised by an authorised person
to enable them to avoid the dangers that
electricity may create.
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Blue Book October 2012

27 Insulated mobile plant means mobile plant

approved and tested for carrying out work on
or near electrical apparatus.
28 Insulated means separated from adjoining
conducting material by a non-conducting
substance that provides resistance to the
passage of current, or to disruptive discharges
through or over the surface of the substance
at the operating voltage, and to mitigate the
danger of shock or injurious leakage of current.
29 Insulating stick means a stick approved and
tested for carrying out operating and live work
on live electrical apparatus.
30 Isolated means not connected to any possible
sources of electricity supply by means that will
prevent unintentional re-energisation of the
electrical apparatus and which is assessed as
a suitable step in the process of making safe
for access purposes.
31 Live means energised or subject to hazardous
induced or capacitive voltages.
32 Live work means all work performed on
components of electrical apparatus not
isolated, proved de-energised and earthed.
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xvii

33 Low voltage or LV means nominal voltage

exceeding 50V AC or 120V DC but not
exceeding 1000 V AC or 1500 V DC.
34 Mobile plant means cranes, elevating work
platforms, tip trucks or similar plant, any
equipment fitted with a jib or boom and any
device capable of raising or lowering a load.

Mobile plant can only be considered as a

vehicle when in the normal travelling mode and
not in the working mode when determining
safe approach distances.

Helicopters used for barehand live-line work

are excluded from this definition of mobile
plant.

35 Near means a situation where there is a

reasonable possibility of a person, either
directly or through any conducting medium,
coming within the relevant safe approach
distances.
36 Network asset means any asset that is
owned or operated by a network operator
for the purposes of generating, transmitting,
distributing or supplying electricity.

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Blue Book October 2012

37 Network operator means the owner, controller

or operator of an electricity network.
38 Nominal voltage means the AC (phase to
phase RMS) or DC voltage by which a system
of supply is designated.
39 Not electrically connected means disconnected from all sources of supply by the
removal or absence of conductors, appropriate
to the voltage and insulating medium and not
able to be made live by normal operating
means and identified in accordance with
approved procedures.
40 Operating authority means an appropriate
representative of an organisation, who is
responsible for the operational control of
electrical apparatus concerned.
41 Ordinary person means a person without
sufficient training or experience to enable them
to avoid the dangers that electrical apparatus
may create.

Note: Ordinary person in this Code refers to a
person under the control of a network operator,
generator or HV customer.

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xix

42 Organisation means a business, enterprise,

company or corporation.
43 Out of commission means the condition
of electrical apparatus that is not electrically
connected and declared to be so in writing
to the operating authority responsible for the
electrical apparatus.
44 Personal protective equipment means
clothing, equipment and/or substances which
when worn or correctly used, protect parts or
all of the body from foreseeable risk of injury or
disease at work or in the workplace.
45 Practicable see reasonably practicable.
46 Procedure means the documentation of a
systematic series of actions (or activities)
directed to achieve a desired result.
47 Reasonably practicable means having regard
to:
a. the likelihood of the hazard or risk
concerned eventuating; and
b. the degree of harm that would result if the
hazard or risk eventuated; and

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Blue Book October 2012

c. what the person concerned knows, or ought

reasonably know, about the hazard or risk
and any ways of eliminating or reducing the
hazard or risk; and
d. the availability and suitability of ways to
eliminate or reduce the hazard or risk; and
e. the cost of eliminating or reducing the hazard
or risk.
48 Recipient means a person who has signed on
an access authority.
49 Recipient in charge means an authorised
recipient to whom an access authority has been
issued and who is in charge of all recipients
signed on that access authority.
50 Resumption of (resume) an access authority
means the re-commencement of all work under
an access authority that had been suspended.
51 Safe approach distance means the minimum
distance in air from exposed conductors that
shall be maintained by a person, vehicle or
mobile plant (including its load, controlling
ropes and any other accessories) when
approaching electrical apparatus other than for
work in accordance with an access authority.
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xxi

52 Safety observer means a person with sufficient

knowledge of the task being performed and
competent for the duty of observing and
warning against unsafe approach to electrical
apparatus.
53 Shall is to be interpreted as mandatory.
54 Should is to be interpreted as advisory or
discretionary.
55 Station means any enclosed or fenced location
in which high voltage supply is generated,
converted, controlled or transformed.
56 Suspension of an access authority means
the cessation of all work under an issued
access authority where all persons working
under that authority have signed off.
57 Tester in charge means an authorised tester
to whom a sanction for testing has been issued
and who is in charge of all members of the work
party signed on that sanction for testing.
58 Vehicle means a truck, car, utility or other
general purpose conveyance used for the
carriage of persons or goods (see also mobile
plant).
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Blue Book October 2012

59 Vicinity means a situation where it is unlikely

that a person will, either directly or through
any conducting medium (e.g. via mobile
plant), come within the relevant safe approach
distances.
60 Written (in writing) means recorded on paper
or in electronic form.

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xxiii

This page is intentionally left blank

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Blue Book October 2012

PURPOSE

Work health and safety law places duties on

businesses and workers to ensure, so far as is
reasonably practicable, the health and safety of
workers and that of other persons are not put at
risk from the work.
The purpose of this Code of Practice is to provide
practical guidance in maintaining safe systems of
work in relation to control of risks associated with
work on or near, or in the vicinity of, high voltage
electrical apparatus in Victoria.

SCOPE

This Code of Practice defines:

principles and

electrical safety procedures.
This Code shall apply to all persons working on,
near or in the vicinity of high voltage electrical
apparatus that is capable of being energised.
This Code is also applicable to not electrically
connected apparatus in situations where the
isolation cannot be confirmed prior to work
commencing.
This Code sets a minimum standard and should
be enhanced by approved procedures. These
Blue Book October 2012

approved procedures may utilise other published

standards and guidelines to enhance the level of
safety.
Acts &

Regulations

Codes
e.g.Blue Book
Green Book &
LV Code

Organisation
Procedures

Work

Instruction
Published
standards &
guidelines

Figure 1 - Hierarchy of documentation for electrical safety

In order to comply with the electrical safety

procedure requirements of this Code, an
organisation shall either:
a.

Apply the procedures contained within this

Code; or

b.

Vary the procedures by:

completing a hazard identification and
risk assessment; and
ensuring the electrical safety outcomes
are equal to or better; and

Blue Book October 2012

 documenting the process; and

advising Energy Safe Victoria in writing
of outcomes and reasons for variation(s)
prior to implementing the variation.

Blue Book October 2012

GENERAL SAFETY REQUIREMENTS

PRINCIPLE Consideration shall be given
to provide additional procedures covering
matters identified relevant to providing a
comprehensive safe working environment.

3.1

Hazard identification, risk assessment

and control
An organisations safe system of work shall include
appropriate risk management processes to ensure
hazards associated with work within safe approach
distances or near electrical apparatus are identified,
assessed and controlled.
Prior to working within safe approach distances
or near any electrical apparatus, the persons
performing the work shall identify, assess and
control the associated hazards and risks.
The hazard identification and risk assessment
process shall be regularly reviewed and audited to
ensure compliance.

Blue Book October 2012

GENERAL SAFETY REQUIREMENTS

3.2 First aid

Persons who are required to work where there is
a risk of inadvertent contact with live electrical
conductors shall be given appropriate first aid
training on commencement, and thereafter subject
to annual competency assessment. Training shall
cover skills in cardio-pulmonary resuscitation,
shock, burns and their role in incident assessment
and management.
3.3 Communications
All communications relating to the operation of,
or access to, electrical apparatus shall be clear
and definite. Electrical apparatus shall be referred
to by name and sufficient detail to give positive
identification. Verbal instructions and statements
issued over phones or radios shall be confirmed by
repeating back to avoid misunderstanding.
3.4 Forms
Guidance for minimum requirement on forms is
given in Appendix A.

Blue Book October 2012

GENERAL SAFETY REQUIREMENTS

3.5

Use and testing of operating and live-line

equipment
All sticks, gloves, sleeves, mats, protective
barriers or covers, earthing trucks, portable
earthing devices, insulating platforms, insulated
elevating work platforms or other equipment used
for operating high voltage electrical apparatus
or performing live-line work shall be specifically
approved for the particular application.
All equipment including protective equipment
used on high voltage electrical apparatus and that
requires regular testing to prove the effectiveness of
insulation shall be tested at specific intervals as per
approved procedures and marked to show the date
of the next routine test. Visual inspection should
be made for physical damage or contamination
immediately prior to use.
Gloves, sleeves, mats and protective barriers or
covers used for operating high voltage electrical
apparatus or for performing glove and barrier liveline work shall not be relied upon as the sole means
of protection.
Equipment shall not be used
after the marked date.

Blue Book October 2012

GENERAL SAFETY REQUIREMENTS

3.6

Insulating sticks

3.6.1 Insulating sticks shall have a length that

provides appropriate insulation from live parts

and enables a person using the stick to maintain
the applicable safe approach distance (refer 6.2)
at all times.
3.6.2 When an insulating stick is to be used in wet
conditions consideration shall be given to the
potential for hazardous surface leakage currents.
3.7 Labelling of electrical apparatus
For the purposes of identification and description,
electrical apparatus shall, wherever practicable, be
clearly labelled.
3.8 Ladders
Metallic or wire-reinforced ladders, shall not be
used on or near exposed live electrical apparatus,
unless approved for use in accordance with
approved procedures.
3.9 Personal protective equipment
All persons who may be exposed to possible
electric shock, arc flash or other injury from
electrical apparatus shall use approved personal
protective equipment. Personal protective
equipment shall include clothing with wrist to
ankle cover and fully enclosed footwear.
Additional personal protective equipment shall be
used in accordance with the type of work and the
risks involved.
Blue Book October 2012

GENERAL SAFETY REQUIREMENTS

General PPE requirements

1.
Working on, near or in the vicinity of
electrical apparatus approved safety:
headwear; and
natural fibre or alternative arc flash
protective clothing; and
footwear.
2.
Operating electrical apparatus approved
safety:
headwear; and
footwear; and
natural fibre or alternative arc flash
protective clothing; and
hand protection; and
face/eye protection.
3.
Supervised visitors to a station with no
involvement in any work at that station
and movements confined to normal
access ways, (e.g. roads, paths and
stairs):
The person responsible for organising
or supervising such visitors to ensure
that they are suitably clothed or
covered, and supplied with approved
safety headwear.
8

Blue Book October 2012

GENERAL SAFETY REQUIREMENTS

3.10 Tapes and other measuring devices

Only approved non-conducting tapes and rulers
should be used in the vicinity of live electrical
apparatus. Conductive tapes shall not be used near
exposed live electrical apparatus unless approved
for use in accordance with approved procedures.
3.11 Use of safety observers
A safety observer shall be posted where, after a
risk assessment, it is considered that a person,
equipment or mobile plant might inadvertently
infringe safe approach distances.
For work near electrical apparatus, use of a safety
observer to warn against inadvertent infringement
of safe approach distances may be required under:
this Code, or
approved procedures or
precautions determined appropriate
under the hazard identification, risk
assessment and control procedures used
by the persons conducting the work.
A safety observer shall:
monitor the work and warn against
potential infringement of safe approach
distances; and

Blue Book October 2012

GENERAL SAFETY REQUIREMENTS

be positioned to effectively observe and

immediately communicate with persons
performing the work; and
have the authority to temporarily suspend
the relevant work at any time; and
not perform any other work while acting
as safety observer; and
be specifically instructed in the duties
and workplace hazards applicable; and
understand the work process and
sequence of work.
3.12 Fit state for work
Alcohol, drugs and diminished mental alertness or
physical condition of a person may impede their
ability to work safely in an electrical environment.
Persons who are required to work on, near or in the
vicinity of electrical apparatus shall not consume
or be under the influence of alcohol or drugs that
diminish work skills during work hours. This shall be
taken to include meal or rest breaks.
Appropriate policies shall be implemented by
organisations.

10

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GENERAL SAFETY REQUIREMENTS

3.13 Work within electric and magnetic fields

3.13.1 General

Persons working within electric and magnetic fields

shall be appropriately protected from the annoyance
due to electric discharge effects of strong electric
fields and the possible biological effects associated
with extremely strong electric and magnetic fields.
Persons using implantable medical devices,
including cardiac pacemakers, should consult
their doctors and the relevant organisational
officer for information on possible electromagnetic
interferences with the medical devices prior to
entering areas of strong electric and magnetic
fields.
The electric fields and magnetic fields exposure
limits given next page are based upon National
Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC)
guidelines. An ongoing review of these guidelines
is presently being carried out by the Australian
Radiation Protection and Nuclear Safety Agency
(ARPANSA), and information on the activity is
available from ARPANSA.
Organisations should apply appropriate exposure
limits as per NHMRC guideline or ARPANSA
guidelines, whichever is current.
Blue Book October 2012

11

GENERAL SAFETY REQUIREMENTS

3.13.2

50 Hz electric fields

The National Health and Medical Research Council

(NHMRC) interim guidelines for occupational
exposure limits for electric fields are as follows:
Whole working day

10 kV/m

Short term

30 kV/m

Short-term exposure to fields between 10 kV/m and

30 kV/m is permitted provided the field strength (in
kV/m) multiplied by the duration of exposure (in
hours) does not exceed 80 for the whole day. For
example, exposure to an electric field of 20 kV/m
would be permitted for four hours under IRPA and
NHMRC guidelines.
For work situations with field strengths greater than
30 kV/m, appropriate measures shall be taken.
Such measures may include wearing appropriately
earthed or bonded conducting suits, the screening
and earthing of vehicles, the screening of work
platforms and access ways, and de-energising
adjacent electrical apparatus.
The person responsible for planning the work
shall include in the work instructions details of any
appropriate measures to be taken.
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GENERAL SAFETY REQUIREMENTS

3.13.3 Magnetic fields

The NHMRCs guidelines for limits of occupational

exposure to magnetic fields are as follows:
a. 50 Hz magnetic fields
Whole working day

0.5 milliTesla
(5000 milliGauss)

Short term
(Two hours per day)

5 milliTesla
(50,000 milliGauss)

Limit for limbs

(e.g. extended arm)

25 milliTesla
(250,000 milliGauss)

b. Static or direct current (DC) magnetic fields

The 2009 International Commission on NonIonizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) guidelines
for limits a,b, c, (see notes next page) of occupational
exposure to static or DC magnetic fields are as
follows:
Head and trunk

2000 milliTesla

Limbs

8000 milliTesla

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13

GENERAL SAFETY REQUIREMENTS

Notes:
a.

Caution: Because of potential indirect

adverse effects, ICNIRP recognises that
practical policies need to be implemented
to prevent inadvertent harmful exposure
of persons with implanted electronic
medical devices and implants containing
ferromagnetic material. This requirement may
lead to much lower restriction levels such as
0.5 milliTesla.

b.

For specific work applications, exposure

up to 8000 milliTesla can be justified, if the
environment is controlled and appropriate
work practices are implemented to control
movement-induced effects.

c.

When magnetic flux densities exceed 5

milliTesla (Static or DC magnetic fields)
precautions should be taken to prevent
hazards from flying metallic objects.

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Blue Book October 2012

TRAINING AND AUTHORISATION

PRINCIPLE Persons working on or near
high voltage electrical apparatus shall have
appropriate training, authorisation and
currency of competency for the duty to be
performed.

4.1 General
An organisations safe system of work shall
include appropriate training, competency and
authorisations for all persons working on or near
high voltage electrical apparatus.
A persons authorisation shall be current for the
task being performed.
Persons holding authorisations shall be competency
assessed at no more than a nominal three-yearly
interval and training given to restore competency
where appropriate.
4.2

Approved training standard

4.2.1 Introduction

Training will consist of identified learning outcomes

that will be knowledge, skill (task), and attitude
based and, where appropriate, reflect National
Competency Standards.
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TRAINING AND AUTHORISATION

There shall be assessment criteria

established and documented for each
learning outcome.

Details of assessment method shall be

documented.

There shall be a documented process for

recognition of prior learning.

Persons undergoing training must be

assessed for competency against learning
outcomes, and such assessment must be
documented.

4.2.2 Learning outcomes

Learning outcomes shall include, but not limited to,

the following:

working knowledge of the relevant sections

of this Code of Practice;

knowledge of communication processes

required;

knowledge of
procedures;

a knowledge of the consequences of any

physical tasks performed;

a working knowledge and skill associated

with the relevant:

16

Blue Book October 2012

the

relevant

approved

TRAINING AND AUTHORISATION

forms and documentation, and

risk assessment, and
work practices, and
equipment and plant; and

demonstration of acquired knowledge

through practical exercises; and

a clear understanding of the responsibilities

associated with relevant authorisations, e.g.
the range of responsibilities associated with
a recipient in charge; and

other training requirements as specified

herein.

4.2.3 Approved training courses and processes

Organisations shall approve course descriptors

and service providers as meeting their recognised
needs. The descriptors of each course shall include
learning outcomes, assessment criteria and
assessment methods, consistent with National
Competency Standards.
4.3 Records
Organisations shall develop and maintain an
appropriate management system for recording of
all training and authorisations.

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17

WORK IN THE VICINITY OF

ELECTRICAL APPARATUS
PRINCIPLE Work in the vicinity of electrical
apparatus shall be carried out in a safe
manner. Control measures taken shall be
consistent with the risk and work performed.

5.1 General
For all works in the vicinity of electrical apparatus,
either specific written work instructions shall be
used or alternatively approved procedures shall
apply in conjunction with the use of instructed or
authorised persons.
Where the risk assessment requires a record of the
control measures, then instructions shall be issued
to the work party in accordance with approved
procedures.
The control measures implemented shall minimise
the risks involved and may include:
a.

defining the work area; and

b.

isolating and earthing the electrical apparatus;

and

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Blue Book October 2012

WORK IN THE VICINITY OF ELECTRICAL APPARATUS

c.

the use of barriers and signs; and

d.

the use of approved covering; and

e.

the use of safety observers; and

f.

the issue of the appropriate access authority

or authority to work in the vicinity of electrical
apparatus; and

g.

defining access routes.

5.2 Handling objects/loads

When objects are being handled manually or by
mechanical equipment, care shall be exercised to
prevent the objects or the mechanical equipment
infringing safe approach distances.
For manual handling, appropriate work methods
and an appropriate number of persons shall be
used to maintain safe approach distances.
For mechanical handling where there is a risk of
infringing the safe approach distances (refer section
6) to electrical conductors, the movement of loads
shall be controlled by means of approved nonconducting ropes or other approved means. No
person outside the cabin shall contact the load,
mobile plant or any attached conducting objects
(Refer to Clause 5.4 for protection of other persons).

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WORK IN THE VICINITY OF ELECTRICAL APPARATUS

5.3

Erection or dismantling of overhead

conductors
When overhead lines (other than insulated or
covered conductors) are being erected, dismantled,
or replaced, such conductors being moved shall
be earthed by an approved device before work
is commenced and shall remain earthed until the
work is completed. A conductor being so erected
shall be earthed before it is lifted from the ground.
Consideration shall be given to the use of
appropriate restraining devices to control such
conductors when they are being moved.
When earthing is considered to be impractical
or a safer control measure may be appropriate,
alternative safety precautions shall be applied and
subject to the following controls:
a.

be applied to a specific task or process which

has been subject to a formal risk assessment
carried out in advance of the work using a
consultative process with a subject matter
experts; and

b.

be documented as an approved procedure

specific to the task or process.

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WORK IN THE VICINITY OF ELECTRICAL APPARATUS

5.4 Use of mobile plant

Mobile plant shall only be used in the vicinity
of live conductors and/or electrical apparatus
after precautions appropriate to the particular
circumstances have been considered and action
taken to control the associated hazards and risks.
The control measures to be considered within a risk
assessment should include:
a.

isolating and earthing electrical apparatus;

b.

positioning the mobile plant such that the

safe approach distance can be maintained in
all circumstances;

c.

the use of safety observers and barriers and

signs;

d.

the use of other precautions such as physical

restrictions or control devices in conjunction
with barriers;

e.

the suppression of auto-reclose;

f.

the alteration of protection and control

settings;

g.
de-energising the electrical apparatus.
Mobile plant and vehicles, where appropriate shall
be fitted with a trailing earthing conductor to protect
against the hazards presented by induced voltages.
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21

WORK IN THE VICINITY OF ELECTRICAL APPARATUS

When mobile plant may come near (refer section

6) live electrical apparatus, the mobile plant shall
be earthed. This shall be achieved by an approved
earthing system.
When mobile plant is operated from outside the
mobile plant, precautions shall be taken to protect
the operator from hazardous step and touch
potentials. No person other than the mobile plant
operator shall touch the mobile plant while in
operation.
Where mobile plant (e.g. EWP) is not fully insulated,
the following permanent sign shall be fixed at each
operators station:
DANGER BEWARE OF POWERLINES
This appliance is not fully insulated. Do not
permit any uninsulated part of this appliance
to be in close proximity to live conductors.
Insulated mobile plant shall be tested at specific
intervals as per approved procedures and marked
to show the date of the next routine test.

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WORK IN THE VICINITY OF ELECTRICAL APPARATUS

5.5 Work by ordinary persons

Where ordinary persons are required to work in the
vicinity of electrical apparatus, the ordinary person
performing the work, the person in charge of the
work and the person in charge of the electrical
apparatus shall all cooperate to ensure that the work
is performed safely, and that specific precautions
are taken.
5.6

Work within stations or on multi-circuit

overhead lines with multiple asset
ownership
For work within stations or on multi-circuit overhead
lines where electrical apparatus is owned by
more than one organisation and work is adjacent
to another organisations exposed electrical
apparatus, there shall be joint consideration and
agreement reached to carry out the work in a safe
manner. (see also 6.9, 6.10 and 9.2.4)

Blue Book October 2012

23

APPROACH TO ELECTRICAL
APPARATUS
PRINCIPLE Persons shall observe
appropriate safe approach distance when
working, or operating vehicles or mobile
plant, on or near electrical apparatus.

6.1 General
The safe approach distances are based on an
exclusion zone principle. This principle defines
an area around an exposed conductor into which
no part of the person, mobile plant or object (other
than approved insulated objects) may encroach
unless in accordance with Section 9.
Work practices shall be established to ensure
persons, mobile plant and unapproved objects
do not encroach on the safe approach distances.
These should include consideration of working
beyond reach, and precautions to be applied when
use of controlled movement is necessary.
Unnecessary approach to electrical apparatus or
unnecessary contact with parts not regarded as
live shall be avoided.
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Blue Book October 2012

APPROACH TO ELECTRICAL APPARATUS

Necessary approach to electrical apparatus shall

be kept to a minimum and shall be restricted to the
period required to perform the work.

Conductor

Figure 2
Safe approach distance

Application for illustrative purposes only

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25

APPROACH TO ELECTRICAL APPARATUS

Vicinity means a
situation where it is
unlikely that a person
will, either directly
or through any
conducting medium
(eg: via mobile plant),
coming within the
relevant safe
approach
distances.
Safe
approach
distance
means the
minimum
distance in air from
exposed conductors that
shall be maintained by a
person, vehicle or mobile
plant (including its load,
controlling ropes and any
other accessories) when
approaching electrical
apparatus other than for
work in accordance with an
access authority.
26

Near means a
situation where
there is a reasonable
possibility of a
person, either directly
or through any
conducting medium
(eg: via mobile
plant), coming
within the
relevant
safe
approach
distances.

Conductor means a
wire, or form of metal
designed for carrying
electrical current.
Figure 3 Illustration
of differences
between safe
approach distance,
near and vicinity
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APPROACH TO ELECTRICAL APPARATUS

6.2

Safe approach distance persons

6.2.1 Safe approach distance normal

The safe approach distances for persons performing

general work are as shown in Table 1
Instructed persons safe approach distances apply
while undertaking duties under supervision or as
instructed by an authorised person.

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APPROACH TO ELECTRICAL APPARATUS

Table 1 - Safe approach distance for persons

to exposed conductors
Nominal phase
to phase AC
Voltage

Ordinary
persons
(Note 1)

Instructed persons
or authorised
persons
(Notes 1 and 2)

28

kV

millimetres

millimetres

LV aerial lines

1500

Instructed persons
no contact
Authorised persons
insulated contact only

6.6

2000

700

11

2000

700

22

2000

700

33

2000

700

50

2000

750

66

2000

900

110

3000

1000

132

3000

1200

220

4000

1700

275

5000

2300

330

6000

2700

400

6000

3300

500

6000

3600
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APPROACH TO ELECTRICAL APPARATUS

Table 1 - Safe approach distance for persons

to exposed conductors - continued
Nominal pole
to earth DC
Voltage (kV)

Ordinary
persons

Instructed persons or
authorised persons

(Note 1)

(Notes 1 and 2)

kV

millimetres

millimetres

LV DC aerial
line (equal to or
less than 1.5)

1500

Instructed persons
no contact Authorised
persons insulated
contact only

+/- 25

2000

700

+/- 85

3000

1000

+/- 150

3000

1200

+/- 270

4500

1800

+/- 350

5000

2500

+/- 400

6000

2900

Notes:
1. See definition for ordinary person. Persons not under control
of the asset owner (network operator or HV customer) shall
refer to the WorkSafe/ESV No Go Zone Rules and Section 12
of the Blue Book.
2. Deliberately avoid movements that could result in distances
being infringed.
3. These distances specified are based on work from a stable
surface. Appropriate allowance shall be made for conductor
sag and sway.
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29

APPROACH TO ELECTRICAL APPARATUS

6.2.2 Safe approach distance special

Safe approach distance special (given in Table

2) has been determined using risk analysis
methodology and consideration of power
frequency and switching surge distances, plus a
reduced provision for inadvertent movement. Safe
approach distance special, shall be used only by
authorised persons performing approved tasks,
after consideration of SAD normal, access permit,
and live-line methods.
These safe approach distances shall be used only
in conjunction with the following control measures:
a.

the safe approach distances special shall

as a minimum be maintained from any part
of the persons body or any conducting or
unapproved object touching any part of the
persons body by using controlled movement
and position; and

b.

positioning of the worker to minimise the risk

of the specified distance being infringed. This
includes any unapproved object or tool being
held by the worker; and

c.

using a person specifically trained and

authorised to perform the work at the safe
approach distance special; and

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APPROACH TO ELECTRICAL APPARATUS

d.

work crew on-site risk assessments are

conducted; and

e.

safety observers are used to monitor the

work activities; and

f.

minimise the exposure at the safe approach

distance special; and

g.

addressing adverse impact of external

influences on plant and equipment, e.g.
traffic, boom movement, footing; and

h.

addressing adverse impact of weather and

environmental conditions (e.g. rain, lightning,
wind, light, sag or sway of conductors).
The work party shall consider the suppression of
the auto reclose function as part of the pre-work
planning.
If these controls are not achieved, either an access
authority shall be issued or live work techniques
shall be applied, or alternative special safe approach
distances and procedures shall be developed in
accordance with Clause 6.2.3

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APPROACH TO ELECTRICAL APPARATUS

Table 2 Safe approach distance - special

For authorised persons only to exposed
conductors
Nominal phase to phase
AC voltage

Authorised persons

kV

millimetres

LV

Insulated contact only

6.6

450

11

450

22

450

33

500

50

700

66

700

6.2.3 Guidelines for the development and use

of alternative safe approach distances special

An alternative safe approach distance - special may

be required where the distances advised in Table 2
are not suitable for a particular task or process.
Determination and use of an alternative distance
shall be subject to the following controls, which
shall be in addition to the requirements of Clause
6.2.2:
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APPROACH TO ELECTRICAL APPARATUS

be determined in accordance with ENA

National Guidelines for Safe Approach
Distances to Electrical Apparatus (ENA
NENS 04) and related standards and
guidelines as may be appropriate; and

be applied only to a specific task or

process that has been subject to a formal
risk assessment carried out in advance of
the work using a consultative process with
subject matter experts, and

be documented as an approved procedure

specific to the task or process.

6.3

Safe approach distances - vehicles

6.3.1 Ordinary persons

An ordinary person in charge of any vehicle, except

mobile plant when in working mode, shall ensure
that no part of the vehicle or its load is placed or
moved within the distances shown in column 2 of
Table 3.
6.3.2 Authorised and instructed persons

Authorised and instructed persons in charge of any

vehicle, except mobile plant when in working mode,
shall ensure that no part of the vehicle or its load
is placed or moved within the distances shown in
column 3 of Table 3.
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APPROACH TO ELECTRICAL APPARATUS

Table 3 - Safe approach distance for vehicles to

exposed live conductors (except mobile plant
when in the working mode)
Nominal phase
to phase voltage
AC

Safe approach
distance - for
vehicles under
the control
of ordinary
persons
(Note 1 & 2)

Safe approach
distance - for
vehicles under
the control
of instructed
persons or
authorised
persons
(Note 1)

kV

millimetres

millimetres

Low voltage

600

600

HV up to and
including 33

1000

700

50

1000

750

34

66

1000

1000

110

1500

1000

132

1500

1200

220

4600

1800

275

4600

2300

330

5500

3000

400

6400

3300

500

6400

3900
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APPROACH TO ELECTRICAL APPARATUS

Table 3 - Safe approach distance for vehicles to

exposed live conductors (except mobile plant
when in the working mode) continued
Nominal pole
to earth DC
voltage (kV)

Safe approach
distance - for
vehicles under
the control
of ordinary
persons
(Note 1 & 2)

Safe approach
distance - for
vehicles under
the control
of instructed
persons or
authorised
persons
(Note 1)

kV

millimetres

millimetres

+/- 25

1000

700

+/- 85

1500

1000

+/- 150

1500

1200

+/- 270

4600

1800

+/- 350

5500

2500

+/- 400

6400

2900

Notes
1. All distances specified are based on work from a stable
surface. Appropriate allowance shall be made for conductor
sag and sway and for uncontrolled movement of vehicle or
plant due to any reason.
2. See definition for ordinary person. Persons not under control
of the asset owner (network operator or HV customer) shall
refer to the WorkSafe / ESV No Go Zone Rules and Section 12
of the Blue Book.
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APPROACH TO ELECTRICAL APPARATUS

6.4

Safe approach distances uninsulated

mobile plant

6.4.1 General

Because of the physical capabilities of, and potential

hazard with, mobile plant working adjacent to live
conductors and/or electrical apparatus, specific
consideration (including earthing) shall be given to
its use during planning of the work. (Refer 5.4)
6.4.2 Ordinary persons

An ordinary person in charge of the work shall ensure

that the mobile plant, its gear and load are not placed
or moved within the distances shown in Table 4.
6.4.3 Instructed persons or authorised persons

An instructed person or authorised person in charge

of the work shall ensure that the mobile plant, its
gear and load shall not approach live conductors
and/or electrical apparatus within the distances as
shown in Table 4.
When the work requires a closer approach to
live conductors than the normal safe approach
distances given in Table 4, special safe approach
distances for mobile plant may be developed and
applied with consideration of the requirements set
out in 6.2.3.
The use of helicopters for barehand live-line work is
excluded from the requirements of this clause.
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APPROACH TO ELECTRICAL APPARATUS

Table 4 - Safe approach distance for mobile plant to

exposed live conductors when in the working mode
Nominal
phase to
phase
voltage AC

Safe
approach
distance
for mobile
plant under
the control
of ordinary
persons
(Note 1, 4
& 5)

Safe
approach
distance
for mobile
plant under
the control
of instructed
persons or
authorised
persons (for
insulated
mobile plant
refer Table 5)
(Notes 1 & 2)

Safe approach
distance for
mobile plant
under the
control of
glove & barrier
live-line work
authorised
persons (for
insulated
mobile plant
refer Table 5)
(Notes 1, 2
and 3)

kV

millimetres

millimetres

millimetres

Low
voltage

2000

1000

380

HV up
to and
including 33

2000

1200

1000

50
66
110
132
220
275
330
400
500

2000
2000
4000
4000
4600
4600
5500
6400
6400

1300
1400
1800
1800
2400
3000
3700
4000
4600

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APPROACH TO ELECTRICAL APPARATUS

Table 4 - Safe approach distance for mobile plant

to exposed live conductors when in the working
mode continued
Nominal pole to
earth DC voltage
(kV)

Safe approach
distance for
mobile plant
under the control
of ordinary
persons
(Note 1, 4 & 5)

Safe approach
distance for
mobile plant
under the control
of instructed
persons or
authorised
persons (for
insulated mobile
plant refer
Table 5)
(Notes 1 & 2)

kV

millimetres

millimetres

+/- 25

2000

1200

+/- 85

4000

1800

+/- 150

4000

1800

+/- 270

4600

2400

+/- 350

5500

3200

+/- 400

6400

3600

Notes:
1. All distances specified are based on work from a stable
surface. Appropriate allowance shall be made for conductor
sag and sway and for uncontrolled movement of vehicle or
plant due to any reason.

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APPROACH TO ELECTRICAL APPARATUS

2. A safety observer is required unless the mobile plant is

incapable of infringing the safe approach distance.
3. When lifting a load the conductors are suitably insulated in
accordance with approved procedures.
4. Including insulated elevating work platforms.
5. See definition for ordinary person. Persons not under control
of the asset owner (network operator or HV customer) shall
refer to the WorkSafe / ESV No Go Zone Rules and Section
12 of the Blue Book.

6.5

Safe approach distance insulated

mobile plant
Only instructed persons or authorised persons may
operate insulated mobile plant in accordance with
Table 5 and approved procedures.
The insulated portion of mobile plant may be
allowed to contact or encroach the safe approach
distances of a live conductor as specified in Table 5,
provided it is rated for that use.

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39

APPROACH TO ELECTRICAL APPARATUS

Table 5 - Safe approach distances to exposed live

conductors for insulated mobile plant operated by
persons who are instructed or authorised to work
on or near exposed conductors
Nominal
phase
to
phase
AC
voltage

Safe approach
distances
(Note 1, 2 and 3)

Working within safe

approach distance
(Note 1, 3 and 4)

millimetres

millimetres

kV

Insulated Uninsulated
portions
portions

Insulated Uninsulated
portions
portions

Low
voltage

Contact
allowable

1000

Contact
allowable

1000

HV up
to and
including
33

700

1200

Contact
allowable

1000

66

1000

1400

132

1200

1800

220

1800

2400

275

2300

3000

330

3000

3700

500

3900

4600

40

Contact
allowable
Contact
allowable
Contact
allowable
Contact
allowable
Contact
allowable
Contact
allowable

1000
1200
1800
2300
3000
3900

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APPROACH TO ELECTRICAL APPARATUS

Table 5 - Safe approach distances to exposed live

conductors for insulated mobile plant operated by
persons who are instructed or authorised to work
on or near exposed conductors continued
Nominal
pole to
earth DC
voltage
kV
+/- 25
+/- 85

Safe approach
distances
(Note 1, 2 and 3)

Working within safe

approach distance
(Note 1, 3 and 4)

millimetres

millimetres

Insulated Uninsulated Insulated Uninsulated

portions
portions
portions
portions
700
1200
Contact
1000
allowable
1000

1800

Contact
allowable

1000

Notes:
1. These distances specified are based on work from a stable
surface. Appropriate allowance shall be made for conductor
sag and sway, and for uncontrolled movement of the mobile
plant for any reason.
2. For ordinary persons refer to Table 4.
3. For safe approach distance where contact is allowed, care
shall be exercised to prevent movement of conductors.
4. For live work in accordance with approved procedures.

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APPROACH TO ELECTRICAL APPARATUS

6.6 Emergency approach

In emergency situations where there is likely risk of
electric shock to persons from electrical conductors
or electrical apparatus, e.g. fallen conductor,
prompt action shall be taken to ensure people are
kept well clear of the hazard in accordance with
approved procedures.
All electrical apparatus shall be considered alive
until proven isolated and earthed by approved
means.
6.7

Contact with live high voltage conductors

by means of appliances
Only approved and tested appliances shall be
permitted to be brought within the safe approach
distance or into direct contact with live high voltage
conductors.
6.8

Approach to live high voltage insulated

cables

6.8.1 General

When work is performed near live high voltage

insulated cables, appropriate precautions shall be
taken to ensure that the insulation of the cables is
not damaged.
Cables, which are specifically designed for
movement while live, may be moved in accordance
with approved procedures.
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APPROACH TO ELECTRICAL APPARATUS

Slight movement of other types of live cables may

be permitted, but only after detailed consideration
of all related circumstances by a person with a
detailed knowledge of the cables concerned, who
shall fully detail all precautions to be taken.
6.8.2 Earthed metallic sheathed or screened high
voltage cables

Contact by persons may be made to external nonconductive surfaces of live high voltage cables with
earthed metallic sheaths or screens. Contact with
exposed metallic sheath or screen shall only be
undertaken after consideration of hazards including
transferred earth potentials.
6.8.3 Non-metallic screened high voltage aerial
bundled cable

No body contact shall be made to external surfaces

of live non-metallic screened high voltage aerial
bundled cable or exposed support conductors.
Suitable live-line techniques only shall be used for
this purpose.
Access to de-energised but not earthed nonmetallic screened high voltage aerial bundled cable
may be permitted in accordance with approved
procedures.
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APPROACH TO ELECTRICAL APPARATUS

For the purposes of insulated mobile plant work

in the vicinity of live non-metallic screened high
voltage aerial bundled cable, the safe approach
distance shall be the same as exposed high voltage
conductors (Refer Table 5).
6.9 Work in stations
6.9.1 A person shall not perform work in any
station or allow mobile plant to enter any station
without first obtaining the permission of the person
in charge of the station and accepting all the
conditions imposed by that person.
6.9.2 An access authority and/or authority to
work in the vicinity of live apparatus (refer clause
5.1) shall be issued where:

a.

mobile plant or elevating platform or other

large vehicles will be used; or

b.

the work involves excavation or the use of

explosives.

6.10 Work outside of stations

Work on or near electrical apparatus outside of
stations shall be performed after obtaining the
permission and direction of the person in charge of
the electrical apparatus.

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Blue Book October 2012

OPERATION OF HIGH VOLTAGE

ELECTRICAL APPARATUS
PRINCIPLE Only authorised persons shall
undertake switching and associated duties
on high voltage electrical apparatus.

7.1

Persons authorised to operate high

voltage electrical apparatus
Switching and associated duties on high voltage
electrical apparatus shall be performed by
authorised electrical operators whose training,
duties and instructions cover the particular
electrical apparatus. However, any person shall be
considered as authorised to perform operations in
the following circumstances:
a.
b.

c.
d.

when specifically instructed by, or authorised

by, the appropriate operating authority; or
when specifically instructed by an authorised
operator as part of electrical operator
training; or
in an emergency involving serious risk to
persons or property; or
where they operate high voltage electrical
apparatus as part of process control.

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7.2 High voltage switching

Prior to a high voltage switching operation, the
available information regarding circuit conditions
shall be taken into account and no electrical
apparatus shall be operated if it is inappropriate for
the duty to be performed. After switching, correct
operation of the electrical apparatus should be
confirmed whenever possible.
When high voltage electrical apparatus is operated,
the person undertaking the task shall be protected
in an approved manner from electric shock, arc
flash or other hazards (also refer 3.9).

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EARTHING OF HIGH VOLTAGE

ELECTRICAL APPARATUS
PRINCIPLE Earthing devices shall be
applied by an authorised person following
a safe to earth confirmation and placed to
ensure the safety of the work party.

8.1

General requirements
Earthing devices shall be approved.
Only authorised persons shall apply them after
the circuit or electrical apparatus is isolated and
after confirmation by tests and inquiry or visual
inspection that the conductors are de-energised.
8.1.1

8.1.2 In applying an earthing device, it shall

be connected to earth before it is applied to the
conductors, and it shall be removed from the
conductors before it is disconnected from earth.

Wherever practicable, an earth shall be

applied and removed by an approved device.

8.1.3

When hand application or removal is unavoidable:

all phases shall be discharged; and

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another earth shall be held in contact with the

conductor using an approved device while
the hand applied earth is being attached or
removed.
8.1.4 When applying a portable earthing device
that is not connected to a permanently installed
station earthing system it shall be regarded as
being liable to become live until the circuit earthing
is complete.

8.1.5 There are some situations when applying

earths to electrical apparatus during the preparation
for access (e.g. discharging capacitor banks) that
an authorised electrical operator cannot comply
with the clearances specified as safe approach
distances. In these situations, approved procedures
may permit such approach only to that part of the
electrical apparatus that already has local isolation
and earthing.

8.2

Earthing for access to high voltage

electrical apparatus
Earths shall be applied at locations such that
conductors within the work area are effectively
earthed in the event of energisation from any source
of supply or hazardous occurrences and be placed
so as to remain effective if adjoining conductors are
disconnected.
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Wherever practicable earths shall be placed at the

site of the work.
8.3

Removal of earth when working under an

access authority
During work under an access authority, the
recipient in charge may authorise the removal of
an earth for insulation testing, reconductoring, or
other purposes, only if such action is considered
necessary and safe, and provided:
a.

the operating authority that has operational

control of the earth and the operating
authority who applied the earth agree; and

b.

in cases where the earth is listed on the

access authority, the operating authority who
issued the access authority is consulted, to
confirm that the removal of the earth will not
affect any other access authorities that have
been issued; and

c.

all persons likely to be affected by the removal

of the earth are notified; and

d.

consideration is given to induced voltages.

The earth removed shall be replaced in the same, or

other equally effective position, as soon as possible.

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8.4 Earthing of overhead lines

Where an overhead line is earthed the work planning
shall consider protection from the hazards resulting
from step and touch potentials in the event of
energisation by any means, including (for example)
direct connection, equipment failure, induction or
lightning.
Where work under an access authority involves the
connection, cutting or disconnection of conductors,
approved bridging leads shall be applied across
the proposed conductor break, or earths shall be
applied to both sides of (and as close as practicable
to) the proposed break and individually connected
to a common earth.
In situations where there is the risk of a worker
becoming subject to different potentials across
or between different earths, the hazard will be
reduced by the application of equipotential work
zone principles.

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8.5 Overhead lines priority earthing system

The choice of connection for an earthing device
shall where practicable be made on the basis of the
following hierarchy:
1.
2.

3.
4.

5.
6.

Permanently installed earthing system at the

worksite;
Permanently installed earthing system as
close as possible to the worksite (within
2kms);
Earthing ferrule in a concrete pole at the
worksite;
A permanently installed earthing system
or concrete pole earthing ferrule within the
isolation area;
The ground rod of an installed pole stay or
permanently driven pole stakes;
A temporarily driven spike.

8.6 High voltage metal-clad switch units

The earthing of metal-clad switchgear and
connected circuits by the use of probes or contact
extension devices requiring manual application
presents additional hazards.
Approved procedures shall define methods of
operation and earthing to minimise the risk to the
operator. The location and number of earths to be
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applied shall be considered. These procedures shall

include a safety observer to be present during such
earthing, unless specifically approved by approved
procedures for application by one person.
8.7 Discharge of high voltage capacitors
A safe method of discharging HV capacitors prior to
access shall be included in approved procedures.
For the issue of an access authority, high voltage
capacitors shall be isolated and earthed in
accordance with Clause 8.2 In addition, each
individual capacitor shall be discharged before it is
touched.
Consideration should be given to earthing the
neutral or star points as well as the actives. The
same precautions should be taken for work on
electrical apparatus that incorporates high voltage
capacitors (e.g. capacitor voltage transformers,
carrier coupling capacitors, etc.).

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ACCESS FOR WORK ON OR NEAR

HIGH VOLTAGE ELECTRICAL
APPARATUS
PRINCIPLE An appropriate safe access
system shall be applied before any work on
or near high voltage electrical apparatus.

9.1 General
No person shall touch or work on or near the high
voltage conductors of any electrical apparatus
unless:
a.

the person is a recipient of an electrical

access permit covering that electrical
apparatus and the high voltage conductors
have been discharged and/or earthed at the
work site, and the electrical access permit is
available for reference at the site of the work;
or

b.

the person is a recipient of an electrical

access permit covering the conductors of a
high voltage cable and the de-energised state
of the cable at the work site is confirmed in
accordance with Clause 9.8 and the electrical

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access permit is available for reference at the

site of the work; or
c.

in the case of a rackable circuit breaker or

rackable voltage transformer, the electrical
apparatus is removed from its rack or
cubicle position and placed in a designated
maintenance position; or

d.

the person is working under the terms of a

sanction for testing or alternative approved
procedure on that electrical apparatus in
accordance with Clause 9.3.1; or

e.

the electrical apparatus has been declared

as out of commission in accordance with
Clause 9.4; or

f.

the person is performing live work in

accordance with approved procedures; or

g.

the person is working in accordance with the

requirements of a person who has received
an appropriate permit to work adjacent to
network assets (Refer to Section 12); or

h.

the person is working in accordance with the

requirements of Section 6.

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9.2

Electrical access permit procedure

9.2.1 Planning for an electrical access permit

Before making an application for an electrical

access permit, the authorised applicant shall
establish that the proposed work has been properly
planned and can be carried out safely.
The electrical apparatus to be covered and its
location shall be accurately defined and the work to
be undertaken adequately described.
9.2.2 Testing under an electrical access permit

Testing under an electrical access permit may

be undertaken in accordance with approved
procedures that include:
a.

b.

a risk assessment to ensure that no

hazardous voltages and currents will be
accessible as a result of the testing; and
that the provisions of Clause 8.3 are met.

9.2.3 Multiple working parties

When more than one electrical access permit is

issued on the same electrical apparatus, or where
separate parties are working under the terms
of one electrical access permit, there shall be
coordination in planning and performing the work
to ensure that the actions of one party shall not
endanger the safety of others.
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9.2.4 Multiple ownership

Where the operational control of the scope of

electrical apparatus to be covered is owned by more
than one organisation, a protocol shall be established
between these organisations for processing the
application and outage requirements.
9.2.5 Issue, receipt and cancellation of electrical
access permits

9.2.5.1 An electrical access permit shall be

either cancelled or suspended prior to the issue
of a sanction for testing on the same electrical
apparatus.
9.2.5.2 An electrical access permit shall be issued
and cancelled only by an authorised electrical
operator. Electrical access permits may be issued
or relinquished by telephone or radio subject to
the statements between the authorised electrical
operator and the recipient in charge being confirmed
by a witness at each end.
9.2.5.3 The authorised electrical operator shall,
at the time of issue, describe and show, where
practicable, the recipient in charge and all the initial
recipients the electrical apparatus covered by the
electrical access permit and the precautions taken.

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The authorised electrical operator shall also

describe or point out the nearest points of supply
and adjacent live electrical apparatus. In the case
of an electrical access permit issued by telephone
or radio, the recipient in charge shall assume these
responsibilities.
9.2.5.4 Each electrical access permit shall be
issued to a recipient in charge. The recipient in
charge shall ensure that all members of the work
party who will approach the electrical apparatus
sign on the electrical access permit.
9.2.5.5 The issuer and authorised recipients all
have a responsibility to ensure that the scope and
the condition of the electrical apparatus covered by
the electrical access permit is such that it shall be
safe for the proposed work to be undertaken.
9.2.5.6 All recipients shall be satisfied with the
precautions taken, the location of the points of
supply, and the proximity of any adjacent live
electrical apparatus.
9.2.5.7 Any person involved in the issue or receipt
of an electrical access permit who is not satisfied
with the conditions, may apply to have additional
precautions taken, either before the electrical access
permit is issued or during the currency of the work.
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9.2.5.8 Subsequent to the issue of an electrical

access permit, additional recipients may sign
onto the electrical access permit after appropriate
instruction by the recipient in charge or by an
authorised electrical operator acting with the
knowledge of the recipient in charge.
9.2.6 Persons permitted to sign onto electrical
access permits

Recipients of an electrical access permit shall

be authorised recipients or instructed persons
approved to work under that specific electrical
access permit. In the latter case it shall be the
responsibility of the recipient in charge to ensure
that such persons are placed in the charge of an
authorised recipient.
The conditions under which authorised recipients
shall sign-on to an electrical access permit is that
the recipient:

understands the electrical apparatus covered

and the limits of the electrical access permit;
and

is satisfied with the precautions taken; and

is aware of the nearest adjacent live electrical

apparatus.

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The conditions under which an instructed person

shall sign-on to an electrical access permit is that
person:

understands instructions given on what

approach is permitted to the electrical
apparatus; and

understands instructions given on what

activity is permitted to be taken in relation
to the electrical apparatus; and

agrees to the continuous and close

supervision by a nominated authorised
recipient.

9.2.7 Rejection of a recipient

A person shall recommend the exclusion from an

electrical access permit of any other person who at
any time is considered unsafe as a recipient. Such
instances shall be reported promptly to the person
in charge of the work.
9.2.8 Absence of an earth on electrical
apparatus under electrical access permit

Electrical apparatus shall be earthed before the

issue of an electrical access permit, wherever
practicable.

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Where an earth has not been applied to electrical

apparatus prior to the issue of an electrical access
permit, the recipient in charge shall arrange for
discharging and/or earthing of the electrical
apparatus before any recipient touches the high
voltage conductors.
9.2.9 Recipient working alone

An electrical access permit may be issued to one

authorised recipient, or a recipient may work alone
under the terms of an electrical access permit, only
in accordance with approved procedures.
9.2.10 Issuer also a recipient

An issuer of an electrical access permit shall not be

the initial recipient in charge, but may sign-on to
the electrical access permit form as an authorised
recipient.
In accordance with approved procedures, the issuer
may sign-on as a subsequent recipient in charge.
9.2.11 Temporary cessation of work or absence of
recipients

Following a temporary cessation of work or when

recipients have been temporarily absent from the
work site, upon return each recipient shall report to
the recipient in charge to re-confirm the conditions
of the electrical access permit.
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9.2.12 Working on multicircuit overhead lines

Where more than one high voltage circuit is

carried on a pole or line structure and work is to
be performed on circuits under an electrical access
permit while others remain live, the recipient in
charge shall ensure that each member of the work
party who approaches near any circuits correctly
identify the circuit/s under electrical access permit
and all other circuits.
Each recipient of the work party who approaches
near any circuits shall correctly identify the circuit/s
under electrical access permit and all other circuits.
9.2.13 Change of electrical access permit
conditions

The conditions specified and the precautions listed

on the electrical access permit shall not be changed
unless mutually agreed upon by both the operating
authority and the recipient in charge, and then only
when a check has been made with the appropriate
operating authority regarding the requirements of
other electrical access permits and all recipients
working under the electrical access permit have
been notified of the change.

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9.2.14 Cancellation of an electrical access permit

9.2.14.1 Recipients signing off an electrical access

permit.
It shall be the duty of each recipient of an electrical
access permit to sign-off before the electrical
access permit is relinquished.
9.2.14.2 Responsibilities of the recipient in charge
when relinquishing an electrical access permit for
cancellation.
When an electrical access permit is to be
relinquished for cancellation, the recipient in charge
shall:
a.

ensure that all recipients signed on to the

electrical access permit have ceased work
covered by the electrical access permit and
have signed off; and

b.

ensure that all recipients and equipment are

clear and will remain clear of the electrical
apparatus; and

c.

sign-off the electrical access permit as

the recipient in charge to indicate that the
electrical access permit can be cancelled; and

d.

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advise the operating authority of any

condition of the electrical apparatus that
could affect its operation.
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Having the recipient in charge as the cancelling

operator is undesirable and should be avoided.
Appropriate approved procedures shall be
established to cover instances where this is
unavoidable.
9.2.14.3 Absence of a recipient at relinquishment
The practice of signing off an electrical access
permit on behalf of another person is undesirable
and should be avoided.
Appropriate organisation procedures should
be implemented with instruction for signing off
recipients where the recipients could not sign-off
in person.
9.3

Testing HV electrical apparatus

procedure

9.3.1 General

The sanction for testing procedure or an alternative

approved procedure shall be used.
An alternative approved procedure shall satisfy
the requirements of 9.3.2 and 9.3.6 to achieve the
same or better safety outcomes.

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9.3.2 Sanction for testing procedure

9.3.2.1 A sanction for testing shall be used if the

testing of high voltage electrical apparatus has the
potential to produce currents hazardous to the
human body.
9.3.2.2 A sanction for testing shall be either
cancelled or suspended prior to the issue of an
electrical access permit on the same electrical
apparatus.
9.3.2.3 A tester responsible at remote location is
an authorised tester at a remote location to whom
an authorised electrical operator has issued a
complementary sanction for testing.
9.3.2.4 Only one sanction for testing shall be on
issue on the same electrical apparatus at any time.
However, where the testing requires work at remote
locations as well as at the nominated main location,
a complementary sanction for testing covering the
same electrical apparatus shall be issued at each
remote location.
A complementary sanction for testing shall be
worded to align with the parent sanction for testing
applicable at the nominated main location. It shall
be issued to an authorised tester at each remote
location, who shall sign it as the tester responsible
at remote location.
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A complementary sanction for testing shall be

issued only after, and relinquished only before, the
sanction for testing at the nominated main location.
Such issues and cancellations shall take place only
with the approval of the tester in charge.
9.3.2.5 Sanctions for testing and complementary
sanctions for testing shall be issued and cancelled
only by an authorised electrical operator.
9.3.2.6 The appropriate provisions of Clauses 7, 8,
and 9 shall also apply to sanctions for testing and
complementary sanctions for testing.
9.3.2.7 Sanctions for testing and complementary
sanctions for testing may be issued or relinquished
by telephone or radio, subject to the statements
between the authorised electrical operator and
the tester in charge or tester responsible at remote
location, as appropriate, being confirmed by a
witness at each end.
9.3.2.8 In the case of a sanction for testing or a
complementary sanction for testing issued by
telephone or radio, the tester in charge or the tester
responsible at remote location, as appropriate,
shall assume the responsibilities of the authorised
electrical operator in applying these provisions.

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9.3.3 Application for a sanction for testing

9.3.3.1 Only an authorised applicant who can

establish that the work is properly planned and
can be done safely shall make an application for a
sanction for testing. The electrical apparatus and the
condition in which it is required shall be accurately
defined and the proposed tests adequately
described.
9.3.3.2 Where a complementary sanction for
testing is required, it shall be nominated on the
original application.
9.3.3.3 Where the test is to be undertaken on
electrical apparatus having more than one control
authority involvement then protocols shall be
established for processing the application and test
requirements.
9.3.4 Persons permitted to sign onto sanctions
for testing

Persons permitted to sign onto a sanction for testing

shall be authorised testers or be instructed persons
approved to work under that specific sanction for
testing.

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In the latter case, it shall be the responsibility of the

tester in charge or the tester responsible at remote
location to ensure that such persons are placed in
the charge of an authorised tester.
The conditions under which an authorised tester
shall sign onto to a sanction for testing are the
authorised tester:

understands the electrical apparatus covered

and the limits of the sanction for testing; and

is satisfied with the precautions taken; and

is aware of the nearest adjacent live electrical

apparatus.
The conditions under which an instructed person
shall sign-on to a sanction for testing are that the
person:

understands instructions given on what

approach is permitted to the electrical
apparatus; and

understands instructions given on what

activity is permitted to be taken in relation to
the electrical apparatus; and

agrees to the continuous and close

supervision by a nominated authorised
tester.

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9.3.5 Responsibilities of tester in charge

9.3.5.1 The tester in charge shall ensure that those

members of the work party who will be making
contact with electrical apparatus under test and
any of the test connections or approaching within
the prescribed safe approach distances during the
currency of the sanction for testing, sign onto the
sanction for testing or a complementary sanction
for testing.
9.3.5.2 The tester in charge shall ensure that the
members of the work party are suitably experienced
and trained for the work required of them and that
adequate precautions are taken for the safety of all
persons.
9.3.6 Complementary sanctions for testing
Responsibilities of tester responsible at
remote location

The tester responsible at remote location shall

assume the same responsibilities as specified
for the tester in charge and shall function under
direction of the latter.
9.3.7 Relinquishment of sanctions for testing

9.3.7.1 When relinquishing a sanction for testing,

the tester in charge shall advise the operating
authority of the condition of the electrical apparatus
at all related locations.
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9.3.7.2 Where complementary sanctions for

testing have been issued, each tester responsible
at remote location shall:
a.

advise the tester in charge of relinquishment

of the complementary sanction for testing
and the condition of the electrical apparatus
at the remote location; and

advise the operating authority at the remote

location of the condition of the electrical
apparatus at that location.
The tester in charge shall ensure that all
complementary sanctions for testing have been
relinquished prior to relinquishing the sanction for
testing.
b.

9.4

Out of commission electrical apparatus

9.4.1 Declaring electrical apparatus out of

commission

An out of commission declaration shall include

a statement of the condition of the electrical
apparatus, including all relevant auxiliary equipment
(e.g. control circuits, compressed air supplies, etc).

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9.4.2 Access to out of commission electrical

apparatus

Electrical apparatus that is declared out of

commission may be approached and worked upon
without the issue of an electrical access permit, or
sanction for testing.
Although the electrical apparatus is not electrically
connected, due regard shall be given to the
possibility of inadvertent energisation from adjacent
electrical apparatus, induction, lightning, static
charges or other means.
9.5

Suspension of an access authority

9.5.1 General

When the operating authority and the recipient/

tester in charge agree, an access authority can
be suspended in accordance with approved
procedures.
9.5.2 Conditions for suspension of an access
authority

a.

b.

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An access authority is not considered

suspended until all recipients have signed
off.
Recipients sign off and have no access to
the electrical apparatus while the access
authority is suspended.
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c.

The operating authority is informed of the

condition/status of the electrical apparatus.

9.5.3 Procedure for suspension of an access

authority

Approved procedures for suspension of an access

authority shall ensure that:
a.
the recipient/tester in charge ensures that all
recipients sign-off and are informed that the
access authority is suspended and no further
access is permitted; and
b.
the operating authority is notified of the
status of the electrical apparatus; and
c.
while suspended the access authority is
under the control of the operating authority.
9.5.4 Procedure for resumption of an access
authority

Approved procedures for resumption of an access

authority shall ensure that:
a.
the access authority is resumed with the same
isolations, earths and other precautions at
the time of suspension; and
b.
the operating authority shall approve the
resumption of the access authority and where
considered necessary use the procedure for
issue of the access authority; and
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c.

the recipient/tester in charge ensures that

recipients are informed of the limits of the
access authority and precautions taken.

9.6 Live work high voltage

Section 9.6 is not applicable to the operation,
washing or testing of live high voltage electrical
apparatus. Refer to approved procedures.
9.6.1 General

Live work shall only be undertaken after first

considering performing the work under isolated
and earthed conditions.
Before live work is undertaken a hazard identification
and risk assessment shall confirm that the work
can be performed safely.
All live work shall be conducted in accordance
with approved procedures and approved live work
minimum approach distances.
When developing approved procedures, determining live work minimum approach distances
and performing the tasks the following shall be
considered:

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a.

b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.

AS5804 Live Work Standard and related

standards and guidelines as may be
appropriate; and
electrical and ergonomic distances necessary
to prevent flashover; and
possibility of inadvertent movement; and
minimising the duration of work at the live
work minimum approach distances; and
work techniques that provide maximum
practical distance from live conductors; and
limiting overvoltage conditions by operational
or site controls; and
work crew on site risk assessment; and
control of inadvertent movement by the use
of insulating barriers, insulated plant and
appliances and controlled body movements;
and environmental conditions.

9.6.2 Minimum requirements

The procedures for undertaking live work shall

include:
a.

persons performing live work and appointed

safety observers shall be authorised live HV
workers; and

b.

persons when specifically instructed and

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supervised by an authorised live HV worker

as part of live HV worker training; and
c.

the risk assessment shall consider as a

minimum:
the condition of the electrical apparatus,
and
proximity of other electrical apparatus,
and
proximity of earthed equipment and
structures, and
protection and control settings, and
appointment of a safety observer; and

d.

persons performing live work shall use

appropriate rated and tested equipment and
wear appropriate apparel; and

e.

the work shall be performed in accordance

with approved procedures.

9.6.3 Insulating stick work

An authorised live HV worker may access live high

voltage conductors using insulating sticks at the
distances determined through reference to Clause
9.6.1.

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9.6.4 Glove and barrier work

An authorised live HV worker may make insulated

contact with live high voltage conductors up to 33kV
when fully insulated from earth and other phases
using approved and tested personal protective
equipment and insulating devices.
9.6.5 Bare hand work

An authorised live HV worker may make bare hand

contact with live high voltage conductors of 220kV
and above provided they are fully insulated from
earth and other conductors at different potentials
by means of air gaps appropriate to the voltage of
the conductors and the precautions applied.
9.7

Preparing high voltage electrical

apparatus for access

9.7.1 Isolation and earthing

High voltage electrical apparatus should not be

regarded as being safe for the issue of an electrical
access permit until it has been isolated and earthed.
Consideration shall be given to the isolation of
sources of supply from low voltage or secondary
circuits.

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Approved procedures shall ensure the integrity of

the isolation is maintained during currency of the
electrical access permit.
Isolation for access shall either be visible, or an
approved means used to confirm that the electrical
apparatus is de-energised.
Note: Such isolation may not eliminate the effects
of electrical or magnetic induction.
Earths shall be applied as described in Clause 8.2.
If earthing is impracticable, other appropriate
precautions shall be taken and the authorised
electrical operator shall advise the recipient in
charge and record the absence of an earth on the
electrical access permit.
9.7.2 Barriers and signs

9.7.2.1 General
Appropriate barriers shall be used where necessary
to indicate areas containing live electrical apparatus
and the degree of hazard.
Appropriate signs shall be used where necessary:
a.

76

to identify electrical apparatus covered by an

access authority; and
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ACCESS FOR WORK ON OR NEAR HIGH VOLTAGE ELECTRICAL APPARATUS

to identify adjacent live electrical apparatus

and related hazard.
Barriers shall not be altered or crossed except in
accordance with approved procedures.
b.

In particular instances where identification is positive,

such as on some high voltage overhead lines and
underground cables, and providing appropriate
safeguards have been taken, approved procedures
may dispense with the use of barriers and/or signs.
9.7.2.2 Hazards that are likely to be lifethreatening
Situations where there is an immediate and probable
risk of contact with live electrical apparatus shall be
defined by the use of danger barriers and/or signs
(refer 9.7.2.4), e.g.:
a.

areas where safe approach distances cannot

be maintained;

areas in which high voltage testing is in

progress.
9.7.2.3 Hazards that are not likely to be lifethreatening
For the purpose of general identification of those
areas where warning is necessary, warning barriers
and/or signs (refer 9.7.2.4) shall be used: e.g.
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ACCESS FOR WORK ON OR NEAR HIGH VOLTAGE ELECTRICAL APPARATUS

between work areas and adjacent areas containing

live high voltage electrical apparatus that does not
present an electrical hazard to normal pedestrian
movement.
9.7.2.4 Descriptions of barriers and signs
Live (Alive) sign
Approved danger sign having the word LIVE
(ALIVE) printed in white upon a red background or
otherwise conforming to AS1319.
Danger barrier and/or sign
A barrier and/or sign of suitable material coloured
red or alternatively red and white, to indicate the
presence of danger, or otherwise conforming to
AS1319.
Under access permit sign
A sign of appropriate dimensions having the words
UNDER ACCESS PERMIT or similar printed in white
on a green background or otherwise conforming to
AS1319.
Under sanction for testing sign
A danger sign of appropriate dimensions having the
words UNDER SANCTION FOR TESTING printed in
red on a white background or otherwise conforming
to AS1319.
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ACCESS FOR WORK ON OR NEAR HIGH VOLTAGE ELECTRICAL APPARATUS

Warning barrier and/or sign

A barrier and/or sign of suitable material, coloured
yellow, or alternatively yellow and black, to indicate
the need for a warning, or otherwise conforming to
AS1319.
9.7.2.5 Barriers and signs for electrical access
permits
Prior to the issue of an electrical access permit,
barriers and signs shall be erected:
a.

to make it clearly evident which electrical

apparatus is under electrical access permit
and which is not; and

b.

to guard against mistaken or inadvertent

contact with other electrical apparatus.
The above shall be achieved with the use of
appropriate signs and barriers including live signs
and under access permit signs. In positioning signs
and barriers consideration shall be given to all
approaches to the work area.
Additional barriers and signs may be erected
after the issue of the electrical access permit
by agreement between the authorised electrical
operator and the recipient in charge.

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ACCESS FOR WORK ON OR NEAR HIGH VOLTAGE ELECTRICAL APPARATUS

9.7.2.6 Barriers and/or signs for sanction for

testing
Prior to the issue of a sanction for testing, barriers
and signs shall be erected:
to make it clearly evident which electrical
apparatus is under sanction for testing and
which is not; and
b.
to guard against mistaken or inadvertent
contact with other electrical apparatus or
equipment under test.
The above shall be achieved with the use of
appropriate signs and barriers including danger
barriers, live signs and under sanction for testing
signs. In positioning signs and barriers consideration
shall be given to all approaches to the work area.
a.

Additional barriers and signs may be erected after

the issue of the sanction for testing by the tester in
charge.
9.7.3 Use of a statement of condition of
apparatus / plant (SCAP)

9.7.3.1 General
A SCAP is a statement outlining the condition
of apparatus plant. It shall be used between
operating authorities to confirm plant conditions
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ACCESS FOR WORK ON OR NEAR HIGH VOLTAGE ELECTRICAL APPARATUS

and isolations to support an access authority or

other operational requirements.
This statement covers only the state of the electrical
apparatus or plant specified and does not by itself
authorise work on the electrical apparatus or plant.
9.7.3.2 Use of the SCAP written and verbal
The conditions of isolation shall remain unchanged
until the statement is cancelled.
Any earths listed on the statement may be removed
as requested by the recipient in accordance with
Clause 8.3.
The SCAP shall, where practicable, detail all relevant
precautions taken for the safety of the work party/
ies. Where the precautions are detailed they shall
not be changed during the currency of the SCAP.
Where it is not practicable to detail all such
precautions, a general statement of the condition of
the electrical apparatus (e.g. isolated and earthed)
is acceptable provided that:
a.
b.

it is acceptable to the operating authorities;

and
it is acceptable to all recipients on the
associated electrical access permit or
sanction for testing; and

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ACCESS FOR WORK ON OR NEAR HIGH VOLTAGE ELECTRICAL APPARATUS

the authorised electrical operator issuing

the electrical access permit or sanction
for testing can satisfy the recipients of the
precautions taken through demonstration or
references to drawings, etc.
Where a general statement is used and any isolation
point is to be changed (while still maintaining
general condition of isolation), prior agreement shall
be obtained from all affected operating authorities.
c.

The receiving operating authority shall consult with

recipients of affected access authorities before
agreeing to any change.
Verbal statements shall only be used between
operating authorities when:

there is mutual agreement to use verbal

statements; and

they have established procedures and

systems for the centralised logging of
information both given and received,
regarding the condition of electrical
apparatus; and

the procedures and systems guard against

the inadvertent operation or restoration of
electrical apparatus.

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9.7.4 High voltage metal-clad switchgear and

associated electrical apparatus

9.7.4.1 For the purpose of issuing an electrical

access permit, a circuit breaker or a voltage
transformer may be regarded as isolated and at
earth potential when it is racked out, and appropriate
precautions taken to prevent re-energisation (see
also Clause 9.1).
9.7.4.2 For work on busbar circuits, where the
physical separation of circuits within a chamber is
not visibly evident, additional precautions shall be
taken for the safety of the working party.
9.7.4.3 The proposed means of access within
metal-clad chambers shall be described to the
authorised electrical operator by the recipient in
charge and both must agree on the extent of access
and that such access is safe.
9.7.4.4 When access is required within spout
bushings the contacts shall be confirmed as deenergised by an approved test. The circuit shall also
be earthed elsewhere or other precautions taken to
ensure that the spout contacts cannot become live
by induction or other means.
9.7.4.5 When it is not practicable to earth metalclad circuits, a risk assessment shall be conducted
to determine the special precautions, including
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ACCESS FOR WORK ON OR NEAR HIGH VOLTAGE ELECTRICAL APPARATUS

discharging, to ensure that the conductors can be

regarded as being at earth potential.
9.7.5 Rotating high voltage machines

A rotating machine, or circuits connected to it, shall

not be regarded as safe for the issue of an electrical
access permit while the machine is revolving unless
it is on turning gear with earths applied.
These earths may be removed during the currency
of an electrical access permit in accordance with
Clause 8.3.
9.8 Working on insulated power or
supervisory cables
9.8.1 On-site identification of insulated cables
(including out of commission or abandoned
cables)

Where it is necessary for a cable to be de-energised

to enable access to the cable, the de-energised
state should be confirmed on site by positive
identification or visually tracing it from one end or
by the use of a spiking device.
9.8.2 Spiking of cables

A spiking device may be used to confirm that a

cable is de-energised.

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ACCESS FOR WORK ON OR NEAR HIGH VOLTAGE ELECTRICAL APPARATUS

When a cable is to be spiked by a power-operated

spiking device, the following measures shall be
taken:
a.

where practicable the electrical condition

of the remote ends of the cable shall be
confirmed as isolated and earthed; the
person in charge of the work shall personally
select the cable to be spiked after careful
reference to the appropriate records and use
of cable tracers where necessary; and

an approved cable spiking device shall be

used by a person trained in its use and in
accordance with approved procedures.
Prior to spiking, the operating authority shall be
advised. The operating authority shall prevent the
energising or re-energising of any cable in the
vicinity of the proposed works until advised that
spiking has been completed.
b.

9.8.3 Working under induced voltage conditions

Whenever work is to be carried out on a cable core,

sheath, armouring, oil line, etc, of a fully insulated
cable system, careful assessment shall first be given
to the voltage that may appear on the conductor via
induction or other means and appropriate earthing
practices and approved work procedures adopted.
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10

PLACING HIGH VOLTAGE

ELECTRICAL APPARATUS IN
SERVICE

PRINCIPLE High voltage electrical

apparatus shall not be placed into service
until it has been cleared for service.
10.1 Clearance for service
An operating authority shall not consider electrical
apparatus being available for service until it
has been handed over from the constructing or
maintaining authority by written notification or by
approved procedures.
10.2 Connections to new or out of
commission electrical apparatus
Before any electrical connection is made whereby
new electrical apparatus or any electrical apparatus
previously out of commission can be energised by
direct switching or live work procedures:
a.

the operating authority shall be notified of the

intention to make such connection; and

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PLACING HIGH VOLTAGE ELECTRICAL APPARATUS IN SERVICE

b.

all persons associated with the work, and

any others likely to be affected shall be
informed that no further work is permitted on
the electrical apparatus unless:
they are recipients of an access authority;
or
live work procedures are used.
To enable the connection to be made, an
appropriate access authority or live work procedure
shall be used.

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11

LOW VOLTAGE NETWORK ASSETS

PRINCIPLE Safe working procedures

shall be established for work on or near low
voltage network assets.
11.1 General
11.1.1 Persons required to work on or near low
voltage network assets shall be appropriately
trained and authorised.
11.1.2 Work on or near low voltage network assets,
shall be undertaken in accordance with approved
procedures.
11.1.3 Before commencing work on or near any
low voltage network assets they shall firstly be
identified as the assets associated with the work to
be undertaken.
11.2 Work on or near live low voltage
conductors
When work is to be carried out on or near live low
voltage network assets, approved precautions
shall be taken to prevent simultaneous contact
with conductors or conducting objects at different
potentials.
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LOW VOLTAGE NETWORK ASSETS

11.3 Work on or near de-energised low

voltage exposed conductors
11.3.1 Except for protection, control systems,
station service supplies, auxiliary circuits and
low voltage services, an access authority shall be
issued to work on or near the exposed conductors.
For this purpose, an electrical access permit or
other approved access authority may be used.
11.3.2 The conductors shall be isolated where
practicable.
11.3.3 Exposed conductors shall be proved deenergised in accordance with approved procedures.
This shall include testing of all conductors by an
approved voltage test.
11.3.4 Control measures shall be taken to:
a.

prevent inadvertent contact with other live

exposed conductors, or objects at different
potentials; and

b.

minimise the risks from hazardous induced

voltages or unknown supplies.

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LOW VOLTAGE NETWORK ASSETS

11.3.5 Control measures may include the use of:

a.

blocking and locking of switches;

b.

signs and tags placed at all points of

isolation, that shall be removed only with the
permission of a person identified in approved
procedures;

c.

earths;

d.

bonds;

e.

work planning to minimise the risk of

inadvertent contact with live conductors in
the vicinity of the work;

f.

insulating and other types of barriers.

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12

WORK BY PERSONS NOT UNDER

THE CONTROL OF THE ASSET
OWNER

PRINCIPLE The asset owner shall have

procedures to facilitate a safe system of
access, by persons not under the control of
the asset owner.
12.1 General
An asset owner shall have procedures to facilitate
a safe system of access by persons, not under the
control of the asset owner, to work near or within
safe approach distance or, when appropriate, in the
vicinity of electrical apparatus.
For the purposes of this clause, persons not under
the control of the asset owner are persons or
organisations that have no contractual obligation to
the asset owner and are not performing work for
the asset owner for the particular task.
The asset owner shall ensure appropriate instruction
is provided on the electrical hazards.
The asset owner shall instruct the person controlling
the work (not under the control of the asset owner)
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WORK BY PERSONS NOT UNDER THE CONTROL OF THE ASSET OWNER

that the person is responsible for having a safe

system of work in place to avoid the risk from
electrical hazard and will ensure all persons are
aware of the safe system of work.
12.2 Permit to work adjacent to network
assets
Where the safe system of access referred to in
Clause 12.1 is used, it shall include the use of the
permit to work adjacent to network assets.
When a permit to work adjacent to network assets
is required, the asset owner shall require a written
application to be submitted.
The application shall include sufficient information
to enable the asset owner to determine appropriate
control measures to enable safe access.
The procedure for the permit to work adjacent to
network assets shall include:

e.

an approved issuer; and

nominated person in charge of the work; and
control measures (precautions) undertaken
by the asset owner; and
instructions given to the nominated person in
charge of the work; and
a process for the issue and cancellation.

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a.
b.
c.
d.

WORK BY PERSONS NOT UNDER THE CONTROL OF THE ASSET OWNER

12.3 Work on abandoned underground cables

For work by persons (not under the control of the
asset owner) on abandoned underground cables the
use of a safe system of access shall be considered
by the asset owner.
12.4 Electrical Safety Rules for Vegetation
Management Work near Overhead
Powerlines by Non-Electrical Workers
Tree clearing work in this section means the
pruning, cutting, trimming or felling of a tree and the
assisting to prune, cut, trim or fell a tree where any
part of the tree is or may come within, or the work
requires any person, tool, equipment or vehicle to
come within, the minimum safe distance prescribed
in regulations 318 and 319 of the Electricity Safety
(Installation Regulations) 2009 for persons who
are not employed, engaged or under control of the
electrical asset owner.
No person shall perform tree clearing work in
the vicinity of live electrical apparatus unless the
person:
a.

has completed a training course approved by

ESV; and

b.

has a standard of qualifications, proficiency

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WORK BY PERSONS NOT UNDER THE CONTROL OF THE ASSET OWNER

and experience that enable the person to

safely perform the work; and
c.

has been endorsed in writing by the

organisation (e.g. the employer) to perform
the work; and

d.

has documented a hazard identification and

risk assessment; and

e.

has implemented a risk management process

to control hazards associated with the work;
and

f.

complies with Electrical Safety Rules for

Vegetation Management Work near Overhead
Powerlines by Non-Electrical Workers, as
published or amended from time to time by
Energy Safe Victoria.

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Appendix A INFORMATION TO BE
CONTAINED IN FORMS
This appendix provides information that shall
be included and other information that could
be considered by organisations in the formal
communications associated with procedures
referenced in this Code. Unless stated otherwise,
the information may be communicated verbally or
by written or electronic means.
Application for an access authority
An application for an access authority shall contain
sufficient information to determine:

the type of access authority to be issued; and

electrical apparatus to be covered; and

the precautions to be taken.
Examples of information that could be included are:

work to be done; and

details of special requirements by work
party (e.g. hazard control measures, crossreferencing of electrical access permits); and

instructions to be observed; and

a unique identifying number; and

the date, and endorsement of the applicant;

and

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APPENDIX A INFORMATION TO BE CONTAINED IN FORMS

time and date for anticipated start and finish

of access authority; and

the work location.

Application for authority to work in the vicinity

of electrical apparatus
An application for an authority to work in the vicinity
of electrical apparatus shall contain sufficient
information to determine:

work to be done (including details of mobile

plant); and

the work location and work area and access

routes.
Examples of information that could be included are:

details of special requirements by work party

(e.g. cross-referencing to related access
authority and instructions to be observed);
and

unique identification number; and

date and endorsement of applicant; and

time and date for start and finish.

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APPENDIX A INFORMATION TO BE CONTAINED IN FORMS

Personal authorisations
Authorised persons shall be issued a written
statement of their authority.
The statement shall contain:

the type of authority; and

any limitations or extensions on the type of

authority; and

the signature of the authorising officer; and

the date of issue.
The statement could also contain:

the duration or authorisation review date;

and

the date of reviews and competency tests;

and

signed statement of acknowledgment by the

authorised person; and

the knowledge and skill required for the

authority; and

a description and scope of duties the person

is authorised to perform.

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APPENDIX A INFORMATION TO BE CONTAINED IN FORMS

Authority to work in the vicinity of electrical

apparatus
The details shall contain:

form number; and

location of work; and
description of work, day, commencement
date; and
estimated day and date of completion; and
instructions to be observed by the work
party; and
receipt, relinquishment and cancelling; and

signatures, time, date of issue.

Clearance to place electrical apparatus into

service (may also be overhead line clearance
and underground cable clearance)
The details shall contain:

a description of the electrical apparatus
being cleared; and

expected commissioning date; and

authority to place into service with signature
and date from the construction authority;
and

authority to place into service with signature
and date from the testing authority; and
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APPENDIX A INFORMATION TO BE CONTAINED IN FORMS

statement that all construction persons are

clear and will treat the apparatus as live and
provision for construction persons to sign
statement; and

statement that all commissioning tests have

been completed by the testing authority and
provision for the testing authority to sign and
date the statement; and

statement that the apparatus has been

accepted by the operating authority and
provision for the operating authority to sign
and date the statement.

The details could contain:

drawing references; and

description of works; and

statement of when works ready for general

inspection.

Electrical access permit and sanction for

testing
The details shall contain:

form number, location, application number,

cancellation due time and date; and

location or station; and

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APPENDIX A INFORMATION TO BE CONTAINED IN FORMS

sections for electrical apparatus covered;

and

condition of electrical apparatus (for sanction

for testing ) and precautions taken; and

section for issue, title, time, date, issued by;

sections for receipt, relinquishment of test

party; and

section for condition of electrical apparatus

on relinquishment of sanction for testing; and

section for cancellation, signed, title, time,

date.
The details could contain:

for telephone or radio issue additional

sections for witnesses.

Statement of condition of apparatus/plant

(SCAP)
The details shall contain:

statement of certification of conditions of

electrical apparatus; and

sections for signatures of acceptance,

relinquishment and cancellation; and

record of electrical access permits issued;

and

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APPENDIX A INFORMATION TO BE CONTAINED IN FORMS

statement that states: This statement covers

only the state of the electrical apparatus
specified hereon and does not by itself
authorise work on the electrical apparatus.

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INDEX

INDEX

Clause Page

A
ACCESS
Application for electrical access permit..................... 9.2.1............ 55
Electrical access permit procedure............................... 9.2............ 55
For work on or near high voltage electrical apparatus..... 9............ 53
To electrical apparatus out of commission.................... 9.4............ 69
Issue, receipt and cancellation of electrical
access permits...................................................... 9.2.5............ 56
Multiple working parties............................................. 9.2.3............ 55
Multiple ownership..................................................... 9.2.4............ 56
Persons permitted to sign onto electrical access
permits.................................................................. 9.2.6............ 58
Preparing high voltage electrical apparatus
for access................................................................ 9.7............ 75
To metal-clad chambers........................................... 9.7.4.3............ 83
To high voltage electrical apparatus................................. 9............ 53
To low voltage network asset.......................................11.2............ 88
Within spout bushings.............................................. 9.7.4.4............ 83
ACCESS PERMIT
(Refer to electrical access permit)
APPARATUS
(Refer electrical apparatus)
ALCOHOL
Prohibition....................................................................3.12............ 10
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INDEX

Clause Page

APPLICANT
Authorised.................................................................. 9.2.1............ 55
Application for sanction for testing......................... 9.3.3.1............ 66
APPROACH
Authorised and instructed persons............................... 6.2............ 27
Barehand live-line work.............................................. 9.6.5............ 75
Bundled cable............................................................ 6.8.3............ 43
By persons.................................................................... 6.2............ 27
By vehicles.................................................................... 6.3............ 33
By insulated mobile plant.............................................. 6.5............ 39
By uninsulated mobile plant.......................................... 6.4............ 36
Contact with live HV conductors by means of
appliances................................................................ 6.7............ 42
Emergency..................................................................... 6.6............ 42
Exclusion zone principle................................................ 6.1............ 24
Electrical apparatus - principle........................................ 6............ 24
General approach - persons......................................... 6.2............ 27
Glove and barrier work............................................... 9.6.4............ 75
Insulating sticks............................................................. 3.6............. 7
Non-metallic sheathed HV aerial bundled cable........ 6.8.3............ 43
Ordinary persons........................................................ 6.4.2............ 36
Safe approach distance - special............................... 6.2.2............ 30
Earthed metallic sheathed HV cables........................ 6.8.2............ 43
Electrical apparatus.......................................................... 6............ 24
Live HV insulated cables............................................... 6.8............ 42
Work in stations............................................................. 6.9............ 44
Work outside of stations...............................................6.10............ 44
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INDEX

Clause Page

AUTHORISATION
Periodic review.............................................................. 4.1............ 15
AUTHORISED APPLICANT
Sanction for testing................................................. 9.3.3.1............ 66
Electrical access permit............................................. 9.2.1............ 55

B
BAREHAND LIVE LINE WORK
Contact....................................................................... 9.6.5............ 75
Use of helicopters...................................................... 6.4.3............ 36
Barriers and signs
Barriers and signs....................................................... 9.7.2............ 76
Descriptions............................................................. 9.7.2.4............ 78
For electrical access permit..................................... 9.7.2.5............ 79
For sanction for testing............................................. 9.7.2.6............ 80
General provision..................................................... 9.7.2.1............ 76
Hazards that are likely to be life-threatening............ 9.7.2.2............ 77
Hazards that are not likely to be life-threatening...... 9.7.2.3............ 77
Use of mobile plant....................................................... 5.4............ 21
Work in vicinity of live apparatus................................... 5.1............ 18

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INDEX

Clause Page

C
Cables
Abandoned...................................................................12.3............ 93
Spiking device............................................................ 9.8.2............ 84
Insulated..................................................................... 6.8.1............ 42
Movement of.............................................................. 6.8.1............ 42
Non-metallic sheathed HV aerial bundled cable........ 6.8.3............ 43
CAPACITORS
High voltage - earthing and discharging....................... 8.7............ 52
CLOTHING
Suitable......................................................................... 3.9............. 7
COMMUNICATIONS
General procedures....................................................... 3.3............. 5
General safety requirements............................................ 3............. 4
Verbal instruction........................................................... 3.3............. 5

D
DEFINITIONS
Definitions........................................................................................xi
Descriptions of barriers and signs .......................... 9.7.2.4............ 78
DISCHARGING
High voltage capacitors................................................. 8.7............ 52
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INDEX

Clause Page

E
EARTH - Earthing
Absence of, on electrical apparatus under................. 9.2.8............ 59
Absence of, on metal-clad circuits........................... 9.7.4.5............ 83
Application of devices................................................ 8.1.2............ 47
Application or removal by hand.................................. 8.1.3............ 47
Approved devices....................................................... 8.1.1............ 47
At the site of the work................................................... 8.2............ 48
Electrical apparatus.......................................................... 8............ 47
For access to high voltage electrical apparatus............ 8.2............ 48
For access within spout bushings............................ 9.7.4.4............ 83
High voltage capacitors................................................. 8.6............ 51
High voltage metal-clad switch units............................ 8.6............ 51
Insulated power or supervisory cables....................... 9.8.2............ 85
Low voltage apparatus..............................................11.3.5............ 90
Mobile plant................................................................... 5.4............ 21
Of high voltage electrical apparatus................................. 8............ 47
Overhead lines ............................................................. 8.4............ 50
Portable, regard as being liable to become live......... 8.1.4............ 48
Principle............................................................................ 8............ 47
Priority earthing system................................................ 8.5............ 51
Removal of earth when working under
an access authority.................................................. 8.3............ 49
Spike.............................................................................. 8.5............ 51
Working under induced voltage conditions................ 9.8.3............ 85

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INDEX

Clause Page

ELECTRIC FIELDS (50 Hz)....................................3.13.2............ 12

ELECTRICAL ACCESS PERMIT
Absence of recipients................................................9.2.11............ 60
Absence of an earth................................................... 9.2.8............ 59
Application for............................................................ 9.2.1............ 55
Barriers and signs.................................................... 9.7.2.4............ 78
Cancellation...............................................................9.2.14............ 62
Change of conditions................................................9.2.13............ 61
Issuer also a recipient................................................9.2.10............ 60
Issue receipt and cancellation.................................... 9.2.5............ 56
Lines, multi-circuit, working on.................................9.2.12............ 61
Multiple working parties............................................. 9.2.3............ 55
Multiple ownership..................................................... 9.2.4............ 56
Persons permitted to sign-on to................................ 9.2.6............ 58
Principle............................................................................ 9............ 53
Procedure...................................................................... 9.2............ 55
Receipt of................................................................... 9.2.5............ 56
Recipient working alone............................................. 9.2.9............ 60
Rejection of a recipient............................................... 9.2.7............ 59
Relinquishment.......................................................9.2.14.2............ 62
Removal of earth........................................................... 8.3............ 49
Rotating high voltage machines.................................. 9.7.5............ 84
Temporary cessation of work or absence of recipients.. 9.2.11............ 60
Testing under an........................................................ .9.2.2............ 55
Working on multi-circuit overhead lines....................9.2.12............ 61

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INDEX

ELECTRICAL APPARATUS

Clause Page

Barriers and signs....................................................... 9.7.2............ 76

Barriers and signs - definitions................................ 9.7.2.4............ 78
Clearance for service....................................................10.1............ 86
High voltage metal-clad switchgear and
associated apparatus.................................................. 9.7.4............ 83
Labelling of.................................................................... 3.7............. 7
Out of commission, declaration................................. 9.4.1............ 69
Preparing for access..................................................... 9.7............ 75
Rotating HV machines................................................. 9.7.5............ 84
Use of statement of condition of apparatus form....... 9.7.3............ 80
Use of SCAP and verbal statements........................ 9.7.3.2............ 81
ELECTRICAL SAFETY COMMITTEE
Membership.................................................................................... iii
Advice to.......................................................................... 2............. iv
ELEVATING WORK PLATFORMS
Safe approach distance insulated.............................. 6.5............ 39
Safe approach distance uninsulated.......................... 6.4............ 36
EMERGENCY
Approach....................................................................... 6.6............ 42

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F
FIRST AID
Training.......................................................................... 3.2............. 5
Fit state for work...........................................................3.12............ 10
FORMS
Information to be contained in forms...............Appendix A............ 95
Minimum requirements.................................................. 3.4............. 5

G
GENERAL PROCEDURES
Communications........................................................... 3.3............. 5
Fit state for work...........................................................3.12............ 10
Forms............................................................................ 3.4............. 5
Insulating sticks............................................................. 3.6............. 7
Labelling of electrical apparatus................................... 3.7............. 7
Ladders......................................................................... 3.8............. 7
Personal protective equipment...................................... 3.9............. 7
Tapes and other measuring devices.............................3.10............. 9
Use and testing of operating and live-line equipment... 3.5............. 6
Use of safety observers................................................3.11............. 9
GLOVE AND BARRIER WORK
Testing of equipment..................................................... 3.5............. 6
Work........................................................................... 9.6.4............ 75
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H
HANDLING OBJECTS/LOADS
Care to be exercised..................................................... 5.2............ 19
HAZARD
Identification and risk assessment................................ 3.1............. 4
HIGH VOLTAGE ELECTRICAL APPARATUS
Access to.......................................................................... 9............ 53
Approach to...................................................................... 6............ 24
Clearance for service....................................................10.1............ 86
Connections to.............................................................10.2............ 86
Earthing of........................................................................ 8............ 47
Isolation and Earthing................................................ 8.1.1............ 47
Operate........................................................................... 7.1............ 45
Operation of..................................................................... 7............ 45
Out of commission........................................................ 9.4............ 69
Placing in service............................................................10............ 86
Safe approach distance special.............................. 6.2.2............ 30
Switching of.................................................................... 7.2............ 46

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I
INSULATING
Sticks............................................................................. 3.6............. 7
INSULATED CABLES
Approach to live high voltage........................................ 6.8............ 42
Non-metallic sheathed ABC....................................... 6.8.3............ 43
ISOLATION
High voltage electrical apparatus................................ 9.7.1............ 75
Low voltage conductors............................................11.3.2............ 89
Isolation and Earthing................................................. 9.7.1............ 75

L
LABELLING
Electrical apparatus....................................................... 3.7............. 7
LADDERS
Metallic and wire reinforced.......................................... 3.8............. 7
LIVE ELECTRICAL APPARATUS
Contact with by appliances........................................... 6.7............ 42
Electric/magnetic fields................................................3.13............ 11
Working on live low voltage..........................................11.2............ 88
Work in the vicinity of....................................................... 5............ 18

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LIVE WORK HIGH VOLTAGE

Bare hand................................................................... 9.6.5............ 75
Glove and barrier........................................................ 9.6.4............ 75
Insulating stick work................................................... 9.6.3............ 74
Minimum requirements............................................... 9.6.2............ 73
LOW VOLTAGE APPARATUS
Access to electrical apparatus........................................11............ 88
De-energised, working on............................................11.3............ 89
Identification..............................................................11.1.3............ 88
Precautions for work....................................................11.3............ 89
Principle...........................................................................11............ 88
Working on or near live low voltage conductors..........11.2 . ......... 88
Working on de-energised conductors..........................11.3............ 89
Working on live conductors..........................................11.2............ 88

M
MACHINES
Rotating high voltage.................................................. 9.7.5............ 84
MAGNETIC FIELDS................................................3.13.3............ 13
MEASURING DEVICES
Metallic rulers prohibition of tapes and other............3.10............. 9
MEGGERING
Removal of an earth...................................................... 8.3............ 49
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METAL-CLAD CIRCUITS
Absence of an earth................................................. 9.7.4.5............ 83
Bus bars................................................................... 9.7.4.2............ 83
Circuit breakers and voltage transformers............... 9.7.4.1............ 83
Means of access within chambers........................... 9.7.4.3............ 83
Spout bushings, access within................................ 9.7.4.4............ 83
MOBILE PLANT
Earthing of..................................................................... 5.4............ 21
Insulated........................................................................ 6.5............ 39
Uninsulated................................................................... 6.4............ 36
Work in stations............................................................. 6.9............ 44
Work outside of stations...............................................6.10............ 44
MULTI-CIRCUIT OVERHEAD LINES
Identification of circuits.............................................9.2.12............ 61

N
NOTIFICATION
Clearance for service....................................................10.1............ 86

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O
OPERATING EQUIPMENT
Marking of..................................................................... 3.5............. 6
Operating sticks (high voltage) description of............... 3.5............. 6
Use and testing............................................................. 3.5............. 6
OPERATION OF HV ELECTRICAL APPARATUS
High Voltage electrical apparatus................................... 7.1............ 45
High Voltage switching................................................... 7.2............ 46
Persons authorised to operate....................................... 7.1............ 45
Principle............................................................................ 7............ 45
OUT OF COMMISSION
Access to.................................................................... 9.4.2............ 70
Declaring.................................................................... 9.4.1............ 69
Earthing of cables...................................................... 9.8.2............ 84
OVERHEAD LINES
Multi-circuit - identification........................................9.2.12............ 61
Safe approach distance - vehicles ............................... 6.3............ 33

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P
Permit to Work
Permit to work adjacent to network assets..................12.2............ 92
PERSONS
Authorised to apply earthing devices......................... 8.1.1............ 47
Authorised to operate high voltage apparatus............... 7.1............ 45
Not satisfied with the conditions of an
electrical access permit.......................................... 9.2.5.7............ 57
Permitted to sign onto access permits...................... 9.2.6............ 58
Training and authorisation of............................................ 4............ 15
Working alone............................................................. 9.2.9............ 60
PLACING HIGH VOLTAGE ELECTRICAL APPARATUS IN
SERVICE
Clearance for service....................................................10.1............ 86
Connections to new or out of commission HV
electrical apparatus................................................10.2............ 86
Principle...........................................................................10............ 86
PLANNING
50 Hz electric fields...................................................3.13.2............ 12
Earthing of overhead lines............................................. 8.4............ 50
Multiple working parties............................................. 9.2.3............ 55
Safe approach distances uninsulated mobile plant.6.4.1............ 36
Work on or near de-energised low voltage
exposed conductors...............................................11.3............ 89

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PROTECTIVE
Equipment and clothing................................................ 3.9............. 7

R
RECIPIENT
Each to check precautions...................................... 9.2.5.6............ 57
Issuer also a recipient................................................9.2.10............ 60
Must sign off access permit...................................9.2.14.1............ 62
Rejection of................................................................ 9.2.7............ 59
Temporary absence of...............................................9.2.11............ 60
Working alone............................................................. 9.2.9............ 60
RECIPIENT IN CHARGE (DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES)
Absence of an earth on electrical apparatus............. 9.2.8............ 59
Absence of a recipient at relinquishment...............9.2.14.3............ 63
Additional recipients signing on.............................. 9.2.5.8............ 58
All members of party to sign-on.............................. 9.2.5.4............ 57
Change of electrical access permit conditions.........9.2.13............ 61
Issuer also a recipient................................................9.2.10............ 60
Issue by telephone.................................................. 9.2.5.2............ 56
Issue to.................................................................... 9.2.5.4............ 57
Unable to sign-off...................................................9.2.14.3............ 63
Relinquishment.......................................................9.2.14.2............ 62
Signing off procedure.............................................9.2.14.1............ 62
Temporary absence of recipients..............................9.2.11............ 60
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RECORDS
Develop and maintain.................................................... 4.3............ 17
ROTATING MACHINES
High voltage machines................................................ 9.7.5............ 84

S
SAFE APPROACH DISTANCE
Insulated mobile plant................................................... 6.5............ 39
Persons - authorised and instructed persons............ 6.3.2............ 33
Persons - ordinary persons........................................ 6.2.1............ 28
Persons.......................................................................... 6.2............ 27
Persons - special........................................................ 6.2.2............ 30
Uninsulated mobile plant............................................... 6.4............ 36
Uninsulated mobile plant ordinary persons............. 6.4.2............ 36
Uninsulated mobile plant authorised or instructed
persons................................................................. 6.4.3............ 36
Vehicles......................................................................... 6.3............ 33
Vehicles ordinary persons........................................ 6.3.1............ 33
Vehicles authorised and instructed persons........... 6.3.2............ 33

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SAFETY OBSERVERS
Duties of.......................................................................3.11............. 9
Instruction of................................................................3.11............. 9
Live line work - minimum requirements...................... 9.6.2............ 73
Safe approach distance - special............................... 6.2.2............ 30
Use of...........................................................................3.11............. 9
SANCTION FOR TESTING
Application for............................................................ 9.3.3............ 66
Complementary....................................................... 9.3.2.4............ 64
Persons permitted to sign.......................................... 9.3.4............ 66
Procedure...................................................................... 9.3............ 63
Relinquishment........................................................... 9.3.7............ 68
Responsibilities of tester in charge............................ 9.3.5............ 66
SCOPE............................................................................. 2............. 1
SIGNS
Barriers and signs....................................................... 9.7.2............ 76
Descriptions............................................................. 9.7.2.4............ 78
For electrical access permits................................... 9.7.2.5............ 79
For low voltage work.................................................11.3.5............ 90
SLEEVES
Insulating....................................................................... 3.5............. 6
SPIKING DEVICE (POWER OPERATED)
Conform cable is de-energised.................................. 9.8.2............ 84
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SPOUT BUSHING
Access to.................................................................. 9.7.4.4............ 83
STATEMENT OF CONDITION OF APPARATUS - PLANT FORM
Change of conditions............................................... 9.7.3.2............ 81
Use between operating authorities............................. 9.7.3............ 80
STATIONS
Entry to.......................................................................... 6.9............ 44
Work in.......................................................................... 6.9............ 44
SUSPENSION OF AN ACCESS AUTHORITY
Conditions for suspension.......................................... 9.5.2............ 70
Procedure for suspension.......................................... 9.5.3............ 71
Procedure for resumption........................................... 9.5.4............ 71
SWITCHGEAR
Metal-clad high voltage............................................... 9.7.4............ 83
Metal-clad high voltage Earthing of........................... 8.6............ 51
SWITCH UNITS
Metal-clad high voltage - Earthing of............................ 8.6............ 51
Absence of an earth on............................................ 9.7.4.5............ 83
SWITCHING
High voltage................................................................... 7.2............ 46

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T
TESTER IN CHARGE
Responsibilities.......................................................... 9.3.4............ 66
TESTING
HV electrical apparatus................................................. 9.3............ 63
Sanction for................................................................ 9.3.2............ 64
Operating and live-line equipment................................ 3.5............. 6
TRAINING
And authorisation............................................................. 4............ 15
Approved training courses and processes................. 4.2.3............ 17
Approved training standard........................................... 4.2............ 15
First aid.......................................................................... 3.2............. 5
General.......................................................................... 4.1............ 15
Introduction................................................................ 4.2.1............ 15
Learning outcomes..................................................... 4.2.2............ 16
Records......................................................................... 4.3............ 17

U
UNDERGROUND CABLES
Earthing and spiking device....................................... 9.8.2............ 84
Movement of.............................................................. 6.8.1............ 42
Work on abandoned.....................................................12.3............ 93

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V
VEHICLES
Safe approach distance ............................................... 6.3............ 33

W
WORK
Ordinary persons . ........................................................ 5.5............ 23
Other persons not under the control of the
asset owner................................................................12............ 91
Erection or dismantling of overhead conductors.......... 5.3............ 20
Fit state for ..................................................................3.12............ 10
Induced voltage conditions........................................ 9.8.3............ 85
In stations...................................................................... 6.9............ 44
Instructions.................................................................... 5.1............ 18
In the vicinity of live electrical apparatus......................... 5............ 18
In the vicinity of live electrical apparatus - principle........ 5............ 18
On de-energised low voltage conductors....................11.3............ 89
On live low voltage conductors....................................11.2............ 88
Outside of stations.......................................................6.10............ 44
On abandoned underground cables............................12.3............ 93
Not under the control of the asset owner........................12............ 91
Not under the control of the asset owner - principle......12............ 91
Use of mobile plant....................................................... 5.4............ 21
Within electric and magnetic fields..............................3.13............ 11
Within stations or on multi-circuit overhead lines with
multiple asset ownership......................................... 5.6............ 23

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