TM 5-2420-231-10 Case BHL

*TM 5-2420-231-10
TECHNICAL MANUAL
OPERATOR’S MANUAL
FOR
TRACTOR, WHEELED, INDUSTRIAL
BACKHOE LOADER (BHL)
NSN 2420-01-532-3399
*Supersedes TM 5-2420-231-10, 30 March 2007, including all changes.
DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A – Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
HEADQUARTERS, DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY

FEBRUARY 2009
TM 5-2420-231-10
WARNING SUMMARY
This warning summary contains general safety warnings and hazardous materials warnings that must be
understood and applied during operation and maintenance of this equipment. Failure to observe these
precautions could result in serious injury or death to personnel. Also included are explanations of safety and
hazardous material icons used within the Technical Manual (TM). Most of the icons are non-standard, and are
included because they appear on the safety decals on the equipment.
FIRST AID
For first aid, refer to FM 4-25.11.
First aid for battery acid exposure:
x Antidote: EXTERNAL – Flush with water.
x Antidote: INTERNAL – Drink large quantities of water or milk. Follow with milk of magnesia, beaten egg, or
vegetable oil. Do not induce vomiting. SEEK MEDICAL ATTENTION
IMMEDIATELY.
x Antidote: EYES – Flush with water for 15 minutes. SEEK MEDICAL ATTENTION IMMEDIATELY.
EXPLANATION OF STANDARD SAFETY WARNING ICONS
ELECTRICAL – Electrical wire to hand with electricity symbol running through hand
shows that shock hazard is present.
HOT AREA – Hand over object radiating heat shows that part is hot and can burn.
EYE PROTECTION – Person with goggles shows that the material will injure the eyes.
HEAVY PARTS – Heavy object pinning human figure against wall shows that heavy,
moving parts present a danger to life or limb.
HEAVY PARTS – Foot with heavy object on top shows that heavy parts can crush and
harm.
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TM 5-2420-231-10
WARNING SUMMARY - Continued

EXPLANATION OF BACKHOE LOADER (BHL) SPECIFIC SAFETY WARNING ICONS
FAN – Hand cut by fan shows that fan and other moving parts can cause injury.
TOPPLE – Vehicle falling over shows that vehicle can topple.
FEL – Human figure under Front End Loader (FEL) shows that bucket or other
moving parts can cause serious injury or death.
CRUSH – Bucket falling on human figure shows that bucket or other heavy
components can cause serious injury or death.
LATCHPIN – Falling bucket shows that if latchpin is not installed, bucket can cause
serious injury or death.
HEAT STRESS – Heat fumes rising from human figure show that excessive heat can
be dangerous.
EXPLOSION – Rapidly expanding symbol shows that the material may explode if
subjected to high temperatures, sources of ignition or high pressure.
PINCH – Fingers getting cut off shows that moving parts can cause injury.
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TM 5-2420-231-10

EXPLANATION OF BACKHOE LOADER (BHL) SPECIFIC SAFETY WARNING ICONS -
Continued
UNCONTROLLED MOVEMENT – Boom striking person shows that uncontrolled

movement of boom or other moving components
can cause serious injury or death.
PINCH – Fingers getting cut off shows that moving parts can cause injury.
ROLLOVER – Vehicle on top of human figure shows that vehicle rollover on hillside
can cause serious injury or death.
RUNOVER – Vehicle on top of human figure shows an uncontrolled vehicle can

cause serious injury or death.
SEAT BELT – Person with seat belt shows that operator must wear seat belt.
GENERAL SAFETY WARNINGS DESCRIPTION
Before Operating The BHL
WARNING
Adjust, secure, and latch seat and fasten seat belt before starting engine. Make sure that you can reach all
controls, brakes, and necessary functions. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to personnel.
Before starting engine, engage parking brake and shift direction control lever to neutral position. Start and
operate the BHL only from operator seat. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to personnel.
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TM 5-2420-231-10

GENERAL SAFETY WARNINGS DESCRIPTION
Before Operating The BHL - Continued
WARNING
Before operating the BHL, make sure service and parking brakes are operable. Failure to comply may
result in serious injury or death to personnel.
Lock service brake pedals together when operating on road or with gear selection control lever in 3rd or
4th gear to provide equalized brake action. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to
personnel.
Do not bypass the BHL neutral-start system. Neutral-start system must be repaired if it malfunctions. Failure to
comply may result in serious injury or death to personnel.
Before operating at night, check that all lamps illuminate. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death
to personnel.
Do not start engine until all other personnel are away from the BHL. Failure to comply may result in serious injury
or death to personnel.
When operating off road it is recommended that speed be reduced to 7 mph (11 kph). Failure to comply may
result in serious injury to personnel.
Operation of the vehicle over rough terrain for extended periods will result in excessive vibration. Take periodic
rest breaks for ever two to three hours of continuous whole-body vibration exposure; do not lift objects
immediately after prolonged whole-body vibration exposure; and leave the vehicle using simple egress motions.
Failure to comply may result in injury to personnel.
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TM 5-2420-231-10
Operation Of The BHL
WARNING
Operate the BHL in accordance with the instructions in this manual. Failure to comply may result in serious injury
or death to personnel. Before using the BHL, make certain that every operator does the following:
x Is instructed in safe and proper use of the BHL.
x Reads and understands manual(s) pertaining to the BHL.
x Reads and understands all safety decals on the BHL.
x Clears area of all other personnel.
x Learns and practices safe use of the BHL controls in safe, clear area before operating the BHL on job site.
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TM 5-2420-231-10

GENERAL SAFETY WARNINGS DESCRIPTION - Continued
Operation Of The BHL - Continued
WARNING
Know and use protective equipment that is to be worn when operating the BHL. Hard hats, protective glasses,
protective shoes, gloves, reflector-type vests, respirators, and ear protection are examples of types of equipment
that may be required. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to personnel.
Always wear seat belt when operating the BHL. Do not permit riders on the BHL. Make sure all protective
guards, canopies, doors, etc., are in place and secure. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to
personnel.
Remove all loose objects stored in the BHL. Avoid loose fitting clothing or jewelry. Failure to comply may result
in serious injury or death to personnel.
Observe all gages or warning instruments for proper operation. If any malfunctions are found, shut engine off and
remove starter key. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to personnel.
If failure that causes loss of control such as steering, service brakes, or engine occurs, shut engine off as quickly
as possible. Keep the BHL securely parked until malfunction is corrected or the BHL can be safely towed.
Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to personnel.
Operate and drive the BHL with care and at speed compatible with conditions. Use extra care when operating
over rough ground, on slopes, and when turning. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to
personnel.
Be aware of and avoid all hazards and obstructions such as ditches, underground lines, trees, cliffs, overhead
electrical wires, or areas where there is danger of a slide. Never lift loads in excess of capacity. Carry loads in
recommended positions for maximum stability. Be aware that job site conditions may change hourly. Failure to
Always know location of all other personnel in area. Warn them before operating the BHL. Always keep all other
personnel away from area. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to personnel.
Dust, fog, smoke, etc., can decrease visibility and cause an accident. Stop the BHL or decrease speed until you
can see. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to personnel.
Do not jump on or off the BHL. Always face the BHL, use hand rails and steps, and use three points of contact to
get on or off the BHL. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to personnel.
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TM 5-2420-231-10

WARNING
If extreme conditions, such as fire, force you to leave the BHL, do not step off the BHL. Jump as far from the BHL
as possible with feet together and do not touch ground with hands. Failure to comply may result in serious injury
Do not use the BHL for any application or purpose other than those described in this TM. Failure to comply may
Do not engage ride control switch with starter key switch turned to ON or ACC position. FEL lift arms can drop.
Always transport the BHL with transport pin in position to lock backhoe boom. Failure to comply may result in
serious injury or death to personnel.
If the BHL must travel on public roads, all lights must be in working order and adjusted correctly. Failure to
Excessive speed can cause loss of control. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to
personnel.
Lock service brake pedals together when operating on road or with gear selection control lever in 3rd or 4th gear
to provide equalized brake application. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to personnel.
If the BHL rolls over and seat belt is not fastened, you can be crushed by Rollover Protection Structure (ROPS) or
the BHL. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to personnel.
Do not attempt to exit the BHL if rollover is imminent. Stay inside the ROPS with seat belt fastened for maximum
safety. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to personnel.
Do not leave the BHL when engine is operating. If external procedures require engine to be operating, have
another person help. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to personnel.
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TM 5-2420-231-10

WARNING
Do not modify ROPS in any manner. Unauthorized modifications such as welding, drilling, cutting, or adding
attachments can weaken structure and reduce your protection. Replace ROPS if subjected to rollover or damage.
Do not attempt to repair. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to personnel.
WARNING
Operating the BHL in hot weather increases risk of heat stress. Heat stress impairs performance and can result
in injury. Drink lots of water. Work and rest in shade when possible. Use air conditioning. Failure to comply may
Operation on Hill
WARNING
Hillside operations can be dangerous. Rain, mud, snow, ice, loose gravel, soft ground, etc., change ground
conditions. Exercise care and use good judgment when operating the BHL on hill or ramp. Failure to comply may
Before operating the BHL on hill, always shift gear selection control lever to lower gear and test service brakes.
Do not let the BHL move downhill with direction control lever in neutral position. Do not let engine speed increase
greater than 2,500 rpm. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to personnel.
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TM 5-2420-231-10

Operation on Hill - Continued
WARNING
Exercise care when using clutch cutout switch while operating the BHL on hill. When clutch cutout switch
is pushed, transmission is disengaged from drive wheels. Loss of control may result. Use service brakes
to stop the BHL. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to personnel.
Do not coast in neutral on hill. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to personnel.
Be careful when moving the BHL on hill. The BHL can go out of control and turn over. Always position seat in
loader position with seat belt fastened when driving the BHL forward. Always engage parking brake and shift
direction control lever to neutral position before operating backhoe. Failure to comply may result in serious injury
Operating the BHL with full FEL bucket on hill can cause the BHL to roll over. If possible, avoid turning
the BHL. Always move forward up hill and always back down hill. Always keep load low for better
balance and view of work area. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to personnel.
When operating backhoe on hill, use stabilizers to level the BHL and put earth from trench on highest side
of trench. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to personnel.
Always check service brakes before working on hill. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or
death to personnel.
Make sure seat is in normal operating position and seat belt is fastened when moving BHL forward on hill. Loss
of control may result. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to personnel.
Do not use backhoe bucket to move the BHL on a side slope. The BHL may topple. Failure to comply may result
Do not exceed front, aft, or side slopes in excess of 15% on hard firm ground. On ground which is not solid,
maximum slopes are less than 15%. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to personnel.
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TM 5-2420-231-10

Operation of Backhoe
WARNING
A working backhoe can cause serious injury or death. Before starting, always make sure that all other personnel
are away from the backhoe. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to personnel.
Before each period of operation, check that each backhoe control functions correctly. Failure to comply
may result in serious injury or death to personnel.
Do not dig ground under backhoe stabilizers. The BHL can fall into excavation if bank falls in. Failure to
Before operating backhoe in area where visibility is reduced, such as next to a building, always install guard rail
and warning signs to keep all other personnel away from the BHL. Failure to comply may result in serious injury
Engage parking brake and shift direction control lever to neutral position before turning seat around to backhoe
operating position. Alarm will sound if direction control lever is in forward or reverse position. Failure to comply
Lower stabilizers to operating position before lowering backhoe boom and extending dipper. Front of the BHL can
raise above ground and cause an accident. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to personnel.
When operating backhoe, use hand throttle to control engine speed. DO NOT USE HAND THROTTLE AS
CRUISE CONTROL. You can have an accident if you use hand throttle for any other operation. Failure to
The BHL is equipped with two backhoe control function patterns. Check control functions before operating the
BHL. Failure to check pattern before operating may result in unexpected boom movement. Failure to comply
Position stabilizer pads for maximum stability when not operating backhoe next to a wall, building, etc. Failure to
The BHL can become unstable and cause an accident if stabilizers are raised and tires and backhoe bucket are
not touching ground. Before raising stabilizers from operating position, move backhoe into transport position and
completely retract dipper and raise boom or make sure tires are touching ground and put backhoe bucket on
ground. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to personnel.
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TM 5-2420-231-10

Operation of Backhoe - Continued
WARNING
Rear windows can interfere with backhoe control levers. Make sure window adjustments are locked into position
before actuating backhoe hydraulics. Accidental actuation could cause unexpected movement of backhoe.
De-activate backhoe control system before adjusting windows. Accidental actuation could cause unexpected
movement of backhoe. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to personnel.
Operation of FEL
WARNING
Manually roll back FEL bucket before lowering. Material can spill out onto personnel. Failure to comply
Exercise care when removing FEL bucket. Always position yourself in front of bucket when disconnecting
clamshell quick-disconnect hydraulic connectors. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to
personnel.
Towing The BHL
WARNING
Tow a disabled BHL in accordance with the instructions in this manual. Failure to comply may result in serious
injury or death to personnel.
If the BHL is disabled, you must make a judgment if the BHL can be moved safely and without causing damage.
If possible, contact Field Maintenance to repair the disabled BHL at the job site. Failure to comply may result in
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TM 5-2420-231-10

Towing The BHL - Continued
WARNING
Towing vehicle must be at least as large as the disabled BHL and have sufficient power, weight, and braking
capability. The towing vehicle must be able to control both machines for the grade, ground conditions, and
distance required. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to personnel.
Towing vehicle must have a towing pintle for maximum stability while towing. Failure to comply may result in
Tow straps provided in BII are not intended for BHL recovery. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or
death to personnel.
Inspect tow straps for broken or missing parts, chafing, or wear before attaching. Check wear identification strips
on straps. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to personnel.
Do not exceed towing speed of 5 miles per hour (8 km/h) under ideal ground conditions. Adverse ground
condition requires slower speed. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to personnel.
When BHL is being towed, operator must be in operator's seat, with seat belt fastened, to maintain steering and
braking control of the BHL. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to personnel.
Do not allow operator on disabled BHL unless it has steering and braking capability. The BHL may break away
from tow. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to personnel.
Make sure all necessary personnel nearby are shielded in event towing apparatus might break. Make sure all
other personnel are completely out of area. The BHL may break away from tow. Failure to comply may result in
Tow straps which have not been properly stowed in a canvas bag may have been damaged by ultraviolet light,
and should not be used. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to personnel.
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TM 5-2420-231-10

Lifting With The BHL
WARNING
Make sure person holding handline is away from load. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to
personnel.
Do not move load over top of personnel. Keep all other personnel away from load. Failure to comply may result
Make sure all other personnel involved are shielded in event lifting apparatus might break. Failure to comply may
Exercise care when lifting load using the FEL. Do not exceed 7,800 lb (3538 kg) load. Make sure rigging
equipment has capacity to lift load and that no personnel are under load. Failure to comply may result in serious
Exercise care when lifting load using the backhoe. Do not exceed lifting capacity limits (WP 0002, Table 5). Make
sure rigging equipment has capacity to lift load and that no personnel are under load. Failure to comply may
Fording
WARNING
Do not enter water at more than walking speed of 5 miles per hour (8 km/h) with an entrance or side slope of
more than 15 percent. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to personnel.
Do not enter water with current velocity of more than 5 miles per hour (8km/h). This is equivalent to 7 feet (2m)
per second. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to personnel.
Do not enter water deeper than 20 inches (51 cm), including wave height. Failure to comply may result in serious
Do not enter water that has ice or large debris on surface. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death
to personnel.
Check stream bottom for firmness and that there are no obstacles. Failure to comply may result in serious injury
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TM 5-2420-231-10

Parking The BHL
WARNING
Park the BHL on level ground whenever possible and engage parking brake. If the BHL must be parked
temporarily on hill, put front of the BHL toward bottom of hill. Make sure the BHL is behind an object that will not
move. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to personnel.
Before leaving cab, engage parking brake, shift direction control lever to neutral position, lower FEL/backhoe
bucket to ground or put in locked position, and shut engine off. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or
death to personnel.
Do not leave the BHL when engine is operating. If external procedures require engine to be operating,
have another person help. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to personnel.
Remove starter key when leaving the BHL parked or unattended. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or
death to personnel.
Electrical-High Voltage
WARNING
Avoid high voltage power lines, underground cables, etc. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death
to personnel.
If part of the BHL touches high voltage power, do the following:
x Warn all other personnel to stay away from the BHL.
x If able to break contact, reverse operation that caused contact with high voltage power and move the BHL
away from danger area.
x If unable to break contact, stay in the BHL until utility workers de-energize power lines.
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TM 5-2420-231-10

Electrical-Batteries
WARNING
When disconnecting battery cables, always disconnect negative (–) battery cable first. When connecting battery
cables, always connect negative (–) battery cable last. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to
personnel.
NATO slave receptacle is electrically live at all times and is unfused. NATO slave receptacle is only dead when
batteries are fully disconnected. Batteries must be disconnected before performing maintenance on NATO slave
receptacle. Failure to comply may result in damage to equipment and serious injury or death to personnel.
Metal jewelry can conduct electricity. Remove metal jewelry when near batteries. Failure to comply may result in
Remove all jewelry such as rings, identification tags, or bracelets when using slave cable. If jewelry contacts
slave cable or receptacle, arcing can occur. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to personnel.
Tires
WARNING
When inflating tires, keep yourself and all other personnel out of danger area. Stand on tread side of tire. Wear
face protection. For maximum safety, use correct air pressure and use self-attaching inflation chuck with remote
shutoff. Do not overinflate. Tires and rim parts can explode. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or
death to personnel.
Check air pressure or add air only when tire is mounted on wheel on the BHL or in tire inflation cage. Failure to
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TM 5-2420-231-10

Servicing
WARNING
Before servicing the BHL, put DO NOT OPERATE tag on starter key switch. Failure to comply may result in
When servicing the BHL with FEL raised, always use lift arms safety support strut to lock FEL. Failure to comply
When FEL lift arms safety support strut is engaged, always remove or install retaining pin while standing to rear of
safety support strut. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to personnel.
Close hood carefully. Failure to comply may result in serious injury to personnel.
WARNING
Keep clear of rotating fan and belts. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to personnel.
WARNING
Prolonged exposure to bright sunlight produces very hot metal surfaces which will burn flesh on contact. Wear
gloves when contacting hot metal surfaces. Wear additional protective clothing as required. Failure to comply
Make sure engine is shut off before raising engine hood. Hot metal surfaces are hot and will burn flesh on
contact. Exercise care when raising hood and servicing engine. Failure to comply may result in serious injury to
personnel.
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TM 5-2420-231-10

EXPLANATION OF STANDARD HAZARDOUS MATERIALS ICONS
EYE PROTECTION – Person with goggles shows that the material will injure the
eyes.
CHEMICAL – Drops of liquid on hand shows that material will cause burns or
irritation to human skin or tissue.
VAPOR – Human figure in a cloud shows that material vapors present a danger to life
or health.
FIRE – Flames show that a material may ignite and cause burns.
EXPLANATION OF BHL SPECIFIC HAZARDOUS MATERIALS ICONS
BATTERY – Human figure over exploding battery shows that storage batteries can be
dangerous.
HIGH PRESSURE – Hand punctured by liquid shows that high pressure liquids can
cause injury.
STEAM – Steam escaping shows that steam or other hot liquids can scald.
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EXPLANATION OF BHL SPECIFIC HAZARDOUS MATERIALS ICONS - Continued
PRESSURE – Hand next to pressure vessel shows that high pressure can cause
injury.
EXPLOSION – Rapidly expanding symbol shows that the material may explode if
subjected to high temperatures, sources of ignition or high pressure.
HAZARDOUS MATERIALS DESCRIPTION
Exhaust
WARNING
To protect yourself and other personnel, always obey the following rules:
x DO NOT operate engine indoors unless you have SUFFICIENT FRESH AIR VENTILATION.
x DO NOT idle engine for a long time unless there is SUFFICIENT FRESH AIR VENTILATION.
x Be alert at all times. Check for odor of exhaust fumes.
x REMEMBER: Best defense against exhaust gas poisoning is SUFFICIENT FRESH AIR VENTILATION.
x Exhaust gas poisoning causes dizziness, headache, loss of muscle control, sleepiness, coma, and death. If
anyone shows signs of exhaust gas poisoning, get ALL PERSONNEL clear of the BHL. Make sure they have
lots of fresh air. KEEP THEM WARM, CALM, AND INACTIVE. If anyone stops breathing, give artificial
respiration. SEEK MEDICAL ATTENTION IMMEDIATELY.
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TM 5-2420-231-10

HAZARDOUS MATERIALS DESCRIPTION - Continued
Exhaust - Continued
WARNING
Engine exhaust fumes contain deadly poisonous gases. Severe exposure may result in permanent brain damage
Exhaust gases are most dangerous in places with poor airflow. Ventilate with positive airflow. Failure to comply
WARNING
The BHL is equipped with engine grid heater that will ignite flammable starting fluids. Do not use starting fluid.
Fire and explosion may occur. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to personnel.
Coolant
WARNING
Hot coolant can spray out if radiator cap is removed rapidly. To remove radiator cap, let system cool; then, slowly
remove cap by turning in small increments. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to personnel.
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TM 5-2420-231-10

Batteries
WARNING
Battery posts, terminals, and related accessories contain lead and lead compounds. Wash hands after handling.
Batteries contain sulfuric acid which causes severe burns. Avoid contact with eyes, skin, or clothing. Always
wear eye protection and protective gloves when working near batteries. Failure to comply may result in serious
First aid for battery acid exposure:
x Antidote: EXTERNAL – Flush with water.
x Antidote: INTERNAL – Drink large quantities of water or milk. Follow with milk of magnesia,
beaten egg, or vegetable oil. Do not induce vomiting. SEEK MEDICAL
ATTENTION IMMEDIATELY.
x Antidote: EYES – Flush with water for 15 minutes. SEEK MEDICAL ATTENTION IMMEDIATELY.
Batteries produce explosive gases. Keep sparks, flame, cigars, and cigarettes away. Always wear eye protection
and protective gloves when working near batteries. Wash hands after handling. Ventilate when charging or using
batteries in enclosed area. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to personnel.
When battery electrolyte is frozen, battery can explode if you try to charge battery or if you try to slave start and
operate engine. To prevent battery electrolyte from freezing, try to keep battery at full charge. Failure to comply
Do not use jumper cables. Use only NATO slave cable and receptacle. Improper use may result in battery
explosion or unexpected BHL motion. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to personnel.
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TM 5-2420-231-10

Hydraulic Fluid
WARNING
Make sure hydraulic fluid or grease is not injected into skin. Keep hands and body away from any pressurized
leak. Use cardboard or paper to check for leaks. If fluid is injected into skin, SEEK MEDICAL ATTENTION
IMMEDIATELY. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to personnel.
WARNING
Hydraulic fluid may be absorbed through the skin. Wear long sleeves, gloves, and goggles or face shield when
handling hydraulic fluid. If hydraulic fluid gets into the eyes, flush eyes immediately with water and seek medical
attention. If hydraulic fluid gets on the skin, wash thoroughly with soap and water. Wash hands thoroughly prior
to eating or smoking. Failure to comply may result in serious injury to personnel.
Fuel
WARNING
Fuel is flammable and toxic to eyes, skin, and respiratory tract. Avoid contact with eyes, skin, and clothing.
Always wear eye protection and protective gloves when working with fuel. Avoid repeated/prolonged con-
tact. Use only in ventilated areas. Keep away from open flames or other sources of ignition. Post FUEL
FLAMMABLE/NO SMOKING signs around area. Make sure fire extinguisher is available. Failure to comply
Do not smoke or permit open flames while fueling or near fueling operations. Failure to comply may result in
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TM 5-2420-231-10

Fuel - Continued
WARNING
Hot engine surfaces are sources of ignition. Keep hood closed. Avoid fuel splashes and fuel spills. Do not
smoke or use open flame when refueling. Failure to comply can cause flames and possible explosion and may
result in damage to equipment and serious injury or death to personnel.
Do not fill fuel tank completely to top. Allow room for expansion. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or
death to personnel.
Never remove fuel cap or refuel the BHL with engine operating. Shut off engine. Never allow fuel to spill on hot
BHL components. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to personnel.
Clean up spilled fuel immediately and dispose of contaminated material per Standing Operating Procedures
(SOP). Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to personnel.
Never use fuel for cleaning purposes. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to personnel.
Fuel used in the BHL is flammable. When filling fuel tank, maintain metal-to-metal contact between filler nozzle
and fuel tank opening to eliminate static electrical discharge. Failure to comply can cause flames and possible
explosion and may result in damage to equipment and serious injury or death to personnel.
Do not fill fuel tank while engine is operating. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to personnel.
Compressed Air
WARNING
Eye protection is required when cleaning with compressed air. Compressed air can propel particles at high
velocity and injure eyes. Do not exceed 15 psi (103 kPa) when using compressed air when cleaning. Failure to
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TM 5-2420-231-10

Filters
WARNING
If Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical (NBC) exposure is suspected, all air filter media shall be handled by
personnel wearing full NBC protective equipment. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to
personnel.
Removal or installation of cab air filter can cause dirt particles to injure eyes. Eye protection is required. Failure
to comply may result in serious injury or death to personnel.
Noise
When operating, the BHL engine produces a high noise level. Hearing protection is required when working near
the operating engine. Failure to comply may result in injury to personnel.
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TM 5-2420-231-10
LIST OF EFFECTIVE PAGES/WORK PACKAGES

NOTE: This manual supersedes TM 5-2420-231-10 dated 30 March 2007, including all changes.
Zero in the “Change No.” column indicates an original page or work package.
Date of issue for original manual is:
Original ………. 27 February 2009
TOTAL NUMBER OF PAGES FOR FRONT AND REAR MATTER IS 46 AND TOTAL
NUMBER OF WORK PACKAGES IS 29, CONSISTING OF THE FOLLOWING:
Page/WP Change Page/WP Change

No. No. No. No.
Front Cover........................0 Chapter 3 Title Page ......... 0

a to x ..................................0 WP 0018 ( 2 pgs) ............. 0
i to vi ..................................0 WP 0019 ( 8 pgs) ............. 0
Chapter 1 Title Page..........0 Chapter 4 Title Page ......... 0
WP 0001 ( 4 pgs)..............0 WP 0020 ( 2 pgs) ............. 0
WP 0002 (16 pgs)..............0 WP 0021 ( 4 pgs) ............. 0
WP 0003 ( 2 pgs)..............0 WP 0022 (16 pgs) ............. 0
Chapter 2 Title Page..........0 WP 0023 (28 pgs) ............. 0
WP 0004 ( 8 pgs)..............0 WP 0024 ( 2 pgs) ............. 0
WP 0005 ( 6 pgs)..............0 WP 0025 ( 8 pgs) ............. 0
WP 0006 ( 8 pgs)..............0 Chapter 5 Title Page ......... 0
WP 0007 ( 8 pgs)..............0 WP 0026 ( 2 pgs) ............. 0
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*TM 5-2420-231-10
HEADQUARTERS,
DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY
WASHINGTON, D.C., 27 FEBRUARY 2009
TECHNICAL MANUAL
OPERATOR’S MANUAL
FOR
TRACTOR, WHEELED, INDUSTRIAL
NSN 2420-01-532-3399
REPORTING ERRORS AND RECOMMENDING IMPROVEMENTS
You can help improve this publication. If you find any errors, or if you would like to recommend any
improvements to the procedures in this publication, please let us know. The preferred method is to submit your
DA Form 2028 (Recommended Changes to Publications and Blank Forms) through the Internet, on the Army
Electronic Product Support (AEPS) website. The Internet address is https://aeps.ria.army.mil. The DA Form
2028 is located under the Public Applications section in the AEPS Public Home Page. Fill out the form and
click on SUBMIT. Using this form on the AEPS will enable us to respond quicker to your comments and better
manage the DA Form 2028 program. You may also mail, e-mail, or fax your comments or DA Form 2028
directly to the U.S. Army TACOM Life Cycle Management Command. The postal mail address is U.S. Army
TACOM Life Cycle Management Command, ATTN: AMSTA-LC-LMPP / TECH PUBS, 1 Rock Island Arsenal,
Rock Island, IL 61299-7630. The e-mail address is [email protected]. The fax number is
DSN 793-0726 or Commercial (309) 782-0726.
*Supersedes TM 5-2420-231-10, 30 March 2007, including all changes.
DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A – Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
i
TM 5-2420-231-10
TABLE OF CONTENTS
WP Sequence No.
Page No.
WARNING SUMMARY.............................................................................................................. a
HOW TO USE THIS MANUAL ................................................................................................. vi
CHAPTER 1 – GENERAL INFORMATION, EQUIPMENT DESCRIPTION, AND THEORY

OF OPERATION FOR BACKHOE LOADER (BHL)
General Information ..........................................................................................................................................0001
Equipment Description and Data......................................................................................................................0002
Table 1. Major Components ..............................................................................0002-2
Figure 1. Location of Major Components ...........................................................0002-3
Table 2. BHL Equipment Data...........................................................................0002-6
Figure 2. BHL Physical Dimensions .................................................................0002-10
Table 3. BHL Physical Dimensions .................................................................0002-11
Figure 3. Backhoe Physical Dimensions ..........................................................0002-12
Table 4. Backhoe Physical Dimensions ..........................................................0002-13
Figure 4. Backhoe Lifting Capacities ................................................................0002-14
Table 5. Backhoe Lifting Capacities ................................................................0002-15
Theory of Operation..........................................................................................................................................0003
CHAPTER 2 – OPERATOR INSTRUCTIONS FOR BACKHOE LOADER (BHL)

Description and Use of Controls and Indicators for Right Hand Instrument Panel ..........................................0004
Figure 1. Right Hand Instrument Panel Controls/Indicators...............................0004-2
Table 1. Right Hand Instrument Panel Controls/Indicators...............................0004-2
Description and Use of Controls and Indicators for Front and Left Rear Consoles .........................................0005
Figure 1. Front Console Controls/Indicators.......................................................0005-2
Table 1. Front Console Controls/Indicators.......................................................0005-3
Figure 2. Left Rear Console Controls/Indicators ................................................0005-4
Table 2. Left Rear Console Controls/Indicators ................................................0005-5
Description and Use of Controls and Indicators for Front End Loader (FEL) Control Lever............................0006
Figure 1. FEL Control Lever Controls/Indicators ................................................0006-2
Table 1. FEL Control Lever Controls/Indicators ................................................0006-3
Description and Use of Controls and Indicators for Left and Right Backhoe Control Towers..........................0007
Figure 1. Left Backhoe Control Tower Controls/Indicators ................................0007-2
Table 1. Left Backhoe Control Tower Controls/Indicators ................................0007-3
Figure 2. Right Backhoe Control Tower Controls/Indicators ..............................0007-4
Table 2. Right Backhoe Control Tower Controls/Indicators ..............................0007-5
Figure 3. Backhoe Control Levers Pattern 1 ......................................................0007-6
Table 3. Backhoe Control Levers Pattern 1 Controls/Indicators .......................0007-6
Figure 4. Backhoe Control Levers Pattern 2 ......................................................0007-7
Table 4. Backhoe Control Levers Pattern 2 Controls/Indicators .......................0007-7
Description and Use of Controls and Indicators for Transmission and Display Screen...................................0008
Figure 1. Transmission Controls/Indicators........................................................0008-2
Table 1. Transmission Controls/Indicators........................................................0008-2
Figure 2. Display Screen Controls/Indicators .....................................................0008-4
Table 2. Display Screen Controls/Indicators .....................................................0008-4
ii
*TM 5-2420-231-10
TABLE OF CONTENTS - Continued

WP Sequence No.
Page No.
CHAPTER 2 – OPERATOR INSTRUCTIONS FOR BACKHOE LOADER (BHL) - Continued

Description and Use of Controls and Indicators for Miscellaneous Cab Items ................................................0009
Figure 1. Foot Pedals Controls/Indicators ..........................................................0009-2
Table 1. Foot Pedals Controls/Indicators ..........................................................0009-3
Figure 2. Parking Brake Controls/Indicators.......................................................0009-4
Table 2. Parking Brake Controls/Indicators.......................................................0009-5
Figure 3. Seat Controls/Indicators ......................................................................0009-6
Table 3. Seat Controls/Indicators ......................................................................0009-7
Figure 4. Seat Belt Controls/Indicators...............................................................0009-8
Table 4. Seat Belt Controls/Indicators...............................................................0009-9
Figure 5. Cab Air Louvers Controls/Indicators .................................................0009-10
Table 5. Cab Air Louvers Controls/Indicators .................................................0009-11
Figure 6. Dome Lamp Controls/Indicators........................................................0009-12
Table 6. Dome Lamp Controls/Indicators........................................................0009-12
Figure 7. Cab Latches Controls/Indicators .......................................................0009-13
Table 7. Cab Latches Controls/Indicators .......................................................0009-13
Figure 8. Miscellaneous Cab Items Controls/Indicators ...................................0009-14
Table 8. Miscellaneous Cab Items Controls/Indicators ...................................0009-15
Figure 9. Light Control Switch Controls/Indicators ...........................................0009-16
Table 9. Light Control Switch Controls/Indicators ...........................................0009-17
Operation of Backhoe Loader (BHL) Under Usual Conditions .........................................................................0010
Figure 1. Fuel Pump Solenoid Switch ................................................................0010-4
Figure 2. Operating on a Hill...............................................................................0010-8
Operation of Front End Loader (FEL) Under Usual Conditions........................................................................0011
Figure 1. Clutch Cutout Switch ...........................................................................0011-3
Figure 2. 4-in-1 FEL Bucket Indicators...............................................................0011-3
Figure 3. 4-in-1 FEL Bucket Operation...............................................................0011-4
Figure 4. FEL Lifting Points ................................................................................0011-5
Figure 5. FEL Bucket Removal/Installation ........................................................0011-7
Operation of Backhoe Under Usual Conditions................................................................................................0012
Figure 1. Flipover Stabilizer Pads.......................................................................0012-4
Figure 2. Swing Lock Pin....................................................................................0012-5
Figure 3. Danger Area ........................................................................................0012-8
Figure 4. Backhoe Digging .................................................................................0012-9
Figure 5. Moving the BHL Using Backhoe .......................................................0012-10
Figure 6. Backhoe Boom Latch ........................................................................0012-11
Figure 7. Backhoe Lifting Eye...........................................................................0012-13
Figure 8. Backhoe Bucket, Boom, and Dipper .................................................0012-15
Figure 9. Backhoe Bucket Removal .................................................................0012-16
Figure 10. Backhoe Bucket Installation ..............................................................0012-18
Decals and Operation Instruction Plates ..........................................................................................................0013
Figure 1. Decals and Operation Instruction Plates.............................................0013-2
Operation of Auxiliary Equipment .....................................................................................................................0014
Figure 1. Backhoe Auxiliary Hydraulic Lines ......................................................0014-2
iii
TM 5-2420-231-10

WP Sequence No.
Page No.
CHAPTER 2 – OPERATOR INSTRUCTIONS FOR BACKHOE LOADER (BHL) - Continued

Operation Under Unusual Conditions...............................................................................................................0015
Figure 1. Differential Lock Switch .......................................................................0015-5
Figure 2. Fording ................................................................................................0015-6
Figure 3. 4WD Switch.........................................................................................0015-7
Figure 4. NATO Slave Receptacle .....................................................................0015-9
Figure 5. Towing the BHL.................................................................................0015-12
Stowage and Decal/Data Plate Guide ..............................................................................................................0016
Figure 1. Data Plate Locations ...........................................................................0016-1
On-Vehicle Equipment Loading Plan................................................................................................................0017
Figure 1. Loading Plan Locations .......................................................................0017-2
Table 1. Loading Plan List.................................................................................0017-3
CHAPTER 3 – TROUBLESHOOTING PROCEDURES FOR BACKHOE LOADER (BHL)

Troubleshooting Index ......................................................................................................................................0018
Troubleshooting Procedures.............................................................................................................................0019
Table 1. Troubleshooting Procedures ...............................................................0019-2
CHAPTER 4 – MAINTENANCE INSTRUCTIONS FOR BACKHOE LOADER (BHL)

Service Upon Receipt .......................................................................................................................................0020
Preventive Maintenance Checks and Services (PMCS) Introduction ..............................................................0021
Preventive Maintenance Checks and Services (PMCS), Including Lubrication Instructions ...........................0022
Figure 1. PMCS Walkaround Diagram ...............................................................0022-1
Table 1. PMCS ..................................................................................................0022-2
Table 2. FEL Grease Fittings ..........................................................................0022-12
Figure 2. FEL Grease Fittings ..........................................................................0022-13
Table 3. Backhoe Grease Fittings ...................................................................0022-14
Figure 3. Backhoe Grease Fittings ...................................................................0022-15
Table 4. BHL Grease Fittings ..........................................................................0022-16
Figure 4. BHL Grease Fittings ..........................................................................0022-16
Servicing ...........................................................................................................................................................0023
Figure 1. FEL Lift Arms Safety Support Strut Engagement/
Disengagement ...................................................................................0023-3
Figure 2. Engine Hood Raising/Closing .............................................................0023-4
Figure 3. Fuel Tank ............................................................................................0023-7
Table 1. Fuel Grade Selection Chart.................................................................0023-7
Figure 4. Sediment Check ..................................................................................0023-9
Figure 5. Hydraulic Tank ..................................................................................0023-10
Figure 6. Transmission Dipstick .......................................................................0023-11
Figure 7. Coolant Reservoir..............................................................................0023-13
Figure 8. Windshield Washer Reservoir...........................................................0023-14
Figure 9. Parking Brake....................................................................................0023-15
Figure 10. Engine Oil Dipstick and Fill Cap........................................................0023-17
Table 2. Engine Oil Grade Selection Chart .....................................................0023-17
Figure 11. Cab Air Filter .....................................................................................0023-19
Figure 12. Fire Extinguisher ...............................................................................0023-20
Figure 13. Tire Pressure.....................................................................................0023-22
Figure 14. Fuse Replacement ............................................................................0023-23
Figure 15. FEL Bucket Teeth and Cutting Edges Measurement........................0023-27
iv
*TM 5-2420-231-10

WP Sequence No.
Page No.
Cleaning............................................................................................................................................................0024
Preparation for Shipment and Storage .............................................................................................................0025
CHAPTER 5 – SUPPORTING INFORMATION FOR BACKHOE LOADER (BHL)
References ........................................................................................................................................................0026
Components of End Item (COEI) and Basic Issue Items (BII) Lists..................................................................0027
Table 1. Components of End Item List..............................................................0027-2
Figure 1. Basic Issue Items ................................................................................0027-3
Table 2. Basic Issue Items List..........................................................................0027-4
Additional Authorization List (AAL)....................................................................................................................0028
Table 1. Additional Authorization List ................................................................0028-2
Expendable and Durable Items List ..................................................................................................................0029
Table 1. Expendable and Durable Items List ....................................................0029-2
INDEX.............................................................................................................................. Index-1
v
TM 5-2420-231-10
HOW TO USE THIS MANUAL

This manual contains operator instructions for the Industrial Wheeled Tractor Backhoe Loader (BHL).
The table of contents will help you understand the organization of the manual and will direct you to the major
sections. More detailed segments, such as specific operation instructions, can be located in the index at the end
of the manual.
The References work package (WP 0026) provides a listing of other related manuals and publications.
The Expendable and Durable Items List work package (WP 0029) lists supplies to perform operator maintenance.
While performing the procedures in this manual, you may find that you are able to make recommendations that
will improve the manual. At the back of this manual, you will find copies of DA Form 2028 which invite you to
submit your recommendations.
Read the INITIAL SETUP section carefully before you start any maintenance procedure. Get the tools and
supplies listed and the personnel needed.
MAINTENANCE OPERATOR LEVEL

LEVEL
OPERATION OF BACKHOE LOADER (BHL) UNDER USUAL CONDITIONS
TITLE
INITIAL SETUP:
REFERENCES
TOOLS AND Tools and Special Tools References
SPECIAL TOOLS None WP 0004 thru WP 0009
WP 0012 and WP 0013
WP 0022 and WP 0023
MATERIALS/ Materials/Parts
PARTS Duct tape (WP 0029, Item 33) Equipment Condition EQUIPMENT
None CONDITION
PERSONNEL Personnel Required
REQUIRED One
LEGEND:
MAINTENANCE LEVEL The level of maintenance authorized to do the procedures.
TITLE The name of the procedure.
TOOLS AND SPECIAL TOOLS The tools and equipment needed to do the procedures.
MATERIALS/PARTS The supplies and parts needed to do the procedures.
PERSONNEL REQUIRED The personnel needed to do the procedures.
REFERENCES Other work packages, manuals, and publications needed to do the procedure.
EQUIPMENT CONDITION The special condition(s) to be performed before starting the procedure.
vi
TM 5-2420-231-10
CHAPTER 1
GENERAL INFORMATION, EQUIPMENT DESCRIPTION,

AND THEORY OF OPERATION
FOR
WORK PACKAGE INDEX
Title WP Sequence No.
GENERAL INFORMATION..................................................................................................................................0001
EQUIPMENT DESCRIPTION AND DATA...........................................................................................................0002
THEORY OF OPERATION ..................................................................................................................................0003
TM 5-2420-231-10 0001
OPERATOR LEVEL
GENERAL INFORMATION
SCOPE
This Technical Manual (TM) contains instructions for operation, operator maintenance, checks and adjustments,
theory of operation, troubleshooting, and corrective maintenance for the Industrial Wheeled Tractor Backhoe
Loader (BHL).
Type of Manual: Operator, operator maintenance.
Model Number and Equipment Name: Industrial Wheeled Tractor Backhoe Loader (BHL), Part Number 880-
M580SM2.
MAINTENANCE FORMS, RECORDS, AND REPORTS
Department of the Army forms and procedures used for equipment maintenance will be those prescribed by
DA PAM 738-750, Functional Users Manual for the Army Maintenance Management System (TAMMS) as
contained in the Maintenance Management Update.
REPORTING EQUIPMENT IMPROVEMENT RECOMMENDATIONS (EIR)
If your BHL needs improvement, let us know. Send us an EIR. You, the user, are the only one who can tell us
what you don’t like about your equipment. Let us know why you don’t like the design or performance. (E-Mail:
[email protected]) We will send you a reply. The preferred method for submitting Quality
Deficiency Reports (QDRs) is through the Army Electronic Product Support (AEPS) website under the Electronic
Deficiency Reporting System (EDRS). The web address is: https://aeps.ria.army.mil. If the above method is not
available to you, put it on an SF 368 (Product Quality Deficiency Report), and mail it to us at: Department of the
Army, U.S. Army Tank-automotive and Armaments Command, AMSRD-TAR-E, PDQR MS 268, 6501 E. 11 Mile
Road, Warren, MI 38397-5000.
CORROSION PREVENTION AND CONTROL (CPC)
Corrosion Prevention and Control (CPC) of Army materiel is a continuing concern. It is important that any
corrosion problems with this item be reported so that the problem can be corrected and improvements can be
made to prevent the problem in future systems. Corrosion specifically occurs with metals. It is an electro-
chemical process that causes the degradation of metals. It is commonly caused by exposure to moisture, acids,
bases, or salts. An example is the rusting of iron. Corrosion damage in metals can be seen, depending on the
metal, as tarnishing, pitting, fogging, surface residue, and/or cracking. Plastics, composites, and rubbers can also
degrade. Degradation is caused by thermal (heat), oxidation (oxygen), solvation (solvents), or photolytic (light,
typically ultraviolet) processes. The most common exposures are excessive heat or light. Damage from these
processes will appear as cracking, softening, swelling, and/or breaking. SF 368, Product Quality Deficiency
Report, should be submitted to the address specified in DA PAM 738-750, Functional Users Manual for the Army
Maintenance Management System (TAMMS).
0001-1
TM 5-2420-231-10 0001
DESTRUCTION OF ARMY MATERIEL TO PREVENT ENEMY USE
TM 750-244-6 contains demolition procedures for equipment destruction.
PREPARATION FOR STORAGE OR SHIPMENT
The Servicing work package (WP 0023) contains preparation for and removal from storage requirements.
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS/ACRONYMS
Abbreviation/Acronym Definition
@ At
# Number
1st First
2nd Second
2WD Two-Wheel Drive
3rd Third
4th Fourth
4WD Four-Wheel Drive
AAL Additional Authorization List
ACC Accessory
AEPS Army Electronic Support
AR Army Regulation
BHL Backhoe Loader
BII Basic Issue Items
BT Bottle
BX Box
CA Cartridge
CAGEC Commercial and Government Entity Code
CBR Chemical, Biological, and Radiological
CCW Counterclockwise
CN Carton
COEI Components of End Item
CPC Corrosion Prevention and Control
CTA Common Table of Allowances
CW Clockwise
D During
DR Drum
EA Each
EIC End Item Code
EIR Equipment Improvement Recommendation
F Follows
FEL Front End Loader
0001-2
TM 5-2420-231-10 0001
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS/ACRONYMS - Continued
Abbreviation/Acronym Definition
FOPS Falling Object Protective Structure

GAA Grease, Automotive and Artillery
GL Gallon
IDN Initial Distribution Number
ILLUS Illustration
JTA Joint Table of Allowances
MAC Maintenance Allocation Chart
MTOE Modified Table of Organization and Equipment
NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organization
NBC Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical
NO. Number
NSN National Stock Number
PMCS Preventive Maintenance Checks and Services
PAM Pamphlet
PQDR Product Quality Deficiency Report
QTY Quantity
RECM Recommended
RL Roll
ROPS Rollover Protection Structure
RPSTL Repair Parts and Special Tools Lists
RQR Required
SAE Society of Automotive Engineers
SF Standard Form
SOP Standing Operating Procedures
TAMMS The Army Maintenance Management System
TAMMS – A The Army Maintenance Management System – Aviation
TDA Table of Distribution and Allowances
TM Technical Manual
TOE Table of Organization and Equipment
TP Tire Pressure
U/I Unit of Issue
USEPA U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Vdc Volts, Direct Current
W Weekly
WCA Warranty Claim Action
WP Work Package
END OF WORK PACKAGE
0001-3/4 blank
TM 5-2420-231-10 0002
OPERATOR LEVEL
EQUIPMENT DESCRIPTION AND DATA
EQUIPMENT CHARACTERISTICS, CAPABILITIES, AND FEATURES
The Backhoe Loader (BHL) is a pneumatic tired, diesel engine driven, Two-Wheel Drive/Four-Wheel Drive
(2WD/4WD) Front End Loader (FEL)/backhoe used for excavation of small emplacements, material handling, and
general construction tasks. The BHL offers the mobility and operational characteristics demanded by modern
armed forces. Operational characteristics include the ability to operate at all possible humidity levels, at ambient
temperature levels from –25°F to +120°F (–32°C to +49°C), and at altitudes up to 10,000 feet (3,048m).
The BHL consists of a hydraulic FEL bucket and hydraulic backhoe bucket controlled from a Rollover Protective
Structure/Falling Object Protective Structure (ROPS/FOPS) cab, which contains all operator controls. The BHL is
powered by a 4.5 liter turbocharged diesel engine that operates using DF-1, DF-2, JP-5, and JP-8 fuel. The
engine meets U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) Tier II requirements. Power is transferred to the
wheels by an automatic transmission. Stabilizers are used to stabilize the BHL when operating the backhoe.
0002-1
TM 5-2420-231-10 0002
LOCATION AND DESCRIPTION OF MAJOR COMPONENTS
Figure 1 shows the location of the major components of the BHL, and Table 1 lists the major components.
Table 1. Major Components.
ITEM DESCRIPTION OF MAJOR COMPONENTS

FEL
1 FEL bucket. A 4-in-1 bucket with four configurations: dozer, scraper, loader (standard
bucket), and clamshell.
2 FEL bucket cylinders. Provide movement for bucket.
3 FEL lift arms. Provide support and control for bucket.
4 FEL lift arms cylinders. Raise and lower lift arms.
5 FEL lift arms safety support strut. Holds lift arms up in safe servicing/inspection position
to prevent accidental lowering of lift arms.
Engine Hood
6 Protects the engine and related components from dust, rain, and other contaminants.
The hood can be raised for access to engine components.
Engine
7 The engine is the Case 445T/M2 turbocharged diesel engine. Engine speed is controlled
by a foot throttle and by a hand throttle for backhoe use. Fuel is delivered by direct
injection. Precise injection timing optimizes the engine’s performance for starting,
emissions, noise, and fuel consumption.
Provides power for all BHL functions.
Exhaust Pipe
8 Directs exhaust away from the cab.
Front Lights
9 Two hazard/turn lights.
10 Two marker lights.
11 Two 55 Watt halogen driving lights.
12 Two 55 Watt halogen work lights.
13 One blackout light.
Backhoe
14 Backhoe boom. Allows up and down and side-to-side movement for the backhoe.
15 Backhoe dipper. Allows the backhoe to move up and down.
16 Backhoe bucket. Allows digging and scooping of material.
Stabilizers
17 One on each side of the BHL, provide stability to the BHL when the backhoe is in
operation.
Fuel Tank
18 Located on the left side of the BHL holds 31.4 gallons (119L) of fuel.
0002-2
TM 5-2420-231-10 0002
LOCATION AND DESCRIPTION OF MAJOR COMPONENTS - Continued
Figure 1. Location of Major Components (Sheet 1 of 2).
0002-3
TM 5-2420-231-10 0002
Table 1. Major Components - Continued.
ITEM DESCRIPTION OF MAJOR COMPONENTS

Rear Lights
19 Four 55 Watt adjustable halogen work lights.
20 Two hazard/turn lights.
21 Two blackout lights.
ROPS/FOPS Cab
22 Protects the operator from rollover, falling objects, debris, dust, and rain and contains all
the operator controls and instruments. The cab is heated and air-conditioned for
operator comfort in various weather conditions.
Hydraulic Tank
23 Holds reserve hydraulic fluid for the hydraulic system. The entire hydraulic system holds
31.5 gallons (119L) of fluid.
Battery Box
24 Protects the two 12 volt batteries from the elements.
Tool Box
25 Provides a place for storage of required operator tools.
NATO Slave
Receptacle
26 Located behind the battery box, is used for 24 Vdc slave starting.
0002-4
TM 5-2420-231-10 0002
Figure 1. Location of Major Components (Sheet 2 of 2).
0002-5
TM 5-2420-231-10 0002
EQUIPMENT DATA
BHL Equipment Data
Table 2 lists the BHL equipment data.
Table 2. BHL Equipment Data.
EQUIPMENT DATA
BHL PN 880-M580SM2
Overall length (maximum) 34 ft, 4 in. (10.45m)
Width (across tires) 6 ft, 9.4 in. (2.07m)
Height (transport) 10 ft, 10 in. (3.29m)
Weight (wet, includes fuel) 18,500 lb (8,391 kg)
Maximum fording depth 20 in. (51 cm)
Maximum speed
On road 25.5 mph (41.0 km/h)
Off road 7 mph (11 km/h)
Engine
Manufacturer Case
Model 445T/M2
Type Four cylinder, in-line, four stroke, turbocharged diesel
Bore 4.1 in. 104 mm)
Stroke 5.2 in.(132 mm)
Displacement 273.7 cu. in. (4.485L)
Horsepower (SAE net) 90 hp (68 kW) @ 2,200 rpm
Horsepower (SAE gross) 95 hp (71 kW) @ 2,200 rpm
Torque (net) 289 lb-ft (392 Nm) @ 1,500 rpm
Torque (gross) 294 lb-ft (298 Nm) @ 1,500 rpm
Engine cooling system
Type Pressurized radiator and coolant pump
Capacity 19.0 qt (18.0L)
Normal operating temperature 140°F to 230°F (66°C to 110°C)
Engine lubricating system
Type Full flow, circulating pressure
Capacity 14.0 qt (13.2L)
Normal operating pressure 10 to 50 psi (70 to 350 kPa)
Fuel system
Fuel type DF-1, DF-2, JP5, JP8
Fuel tank capacity 31.4 gal (119L)
0002-6
TM 5-2420-231-10 0002
EQUIPMENT DATA - Continued
Table 2. BHL Equipment Data - Continued.
EQUIPMENT DATA
Batteries Qty 2
Manufacturer Exide, 6TMF
Type 12 Vdc, calcium/antimony
Discharge rate to 7.2V (@ 0°F (–18°C) 725A, 30 seconds
Reserve capacity 200 minutes
Transmission
Manufacturer Clark-Hurth
Model T16000
Type 4-speed synchromesh with hydraulically actuated
clutches
Fluid capacity 22.0 qt (21.0L)
Gear ratios (forward)
1st 5.491
2nd 3.043
3rd 1.584
4th 0.793
Gear ratios (reverse)
1st 4.550
2nd 2.522
3rd 1.313
4th 0.657
Hydraulic system fluid capacity (total system) 31.5 gal (119L)
Torque converter ratio 2.63
Travel speeds (@ 2,324 rpm) (manual mode)
Forward
1st 3.5 mph (5.7 km/h)
2nd 6.7 mph (10.8 km/h)
3rd 13.5 mph (21.7 km/h)
4th 25.5 mph (41.0 km/h)
Reverse
1st 4.3 mph (6.9 km/h)
2nd 8.1 mph (13.0 km/h)
0002-7
TM 5-2420-231-10 0002
EQUIPMENT DATA
Travel speeds (@ 2,324 rpm) (automatic mode)

Forward
1st 3.6 mph (5.0 km/h)
2nd 6.8 mph (10.9 km/h)
3rd 13.7 mph (22.0 km/h)
4th 25.9 mph (41.7 km/h)
Reverse
1st 4.3 mph (6.9 km/h)
2nd 8.1 mph (13.0 km/h)
Service brakes Hydraulically actuated, self-adjusting, inboard
mounted, wet disc
Parking brake Mechanically applied with electric activation sensors
at each rear brake
Front 4WD axle
Differential ratio 2.0
Planetary hub ratio 6.0
Total reduction ratio 12.0
Fluid capacity
Center bowl 5.8 qt (5.5L)
Each wheel end 0.7 qt (0.66L)
Rear axle
Differential ratio 2.333
Planetary hub ratio 6.923
Total reduction ratio 16.153
Fluid capacity
Center bowl 15.0 qt (14.2L)
Each wheel end 1.6 qt (1.5L)
Axle loading (at shipping weight)
Front 6,550 lb (2,971 kg)
Rear 11,250 lb (5,103 kg)
Axle loading (at curb weight)
Front 6,605 lb (2,996 kg)
Rear 11,245 lb (5,101 kg)
Full throttle speed 2,320 – 2,450 rpm
Low idle speed 850 – 1,000 rpm
0002-8
TM 5-2420-231-10 0002
EQUIPMENT DATA – Continued
EQUIPMENT DATA
Tires
Front 12 x 16.5, 8 ply bias, pressure 50 psi (345 kPa)
Rear 19.5 LR x 24 Radial, pressure 38 psi (262 kPa)
0002-9
TM 5-2420-231-10 0002
EQUIPMENT DATA – Continued
BHL Physical Dimensions
Figure 2 shows the BHL dimensions, and Table 3 lists the BHL dimensions.
Figure 2. BHL Physical Dimensions.
0002-10
TM 5-2420-231-10 0002
Table 3. BHL Physical Dimensions.
DIMENSION DESCRIPTION DATA
A Overall operating height – FEL fully raised 14 ft, 3 in. (4.34m)

B Height to FEL bucket hinge fully raised 11 ft, 2 in. (3.4m)
C Height to FEL bucket hinge pin 14.6 in. (37.2 cm)
D FEL dump angle @ full height 45 degrees
E FEL dump clearance @ full height, 45-degree dump
Bucket 8 ft, 11 in. (2.72m)
Bucket clamshell open 9 ft, 8 in. (2.95m)
F FEL bucket rollback @ groundline 40 degrees
G FEL bucket rollback @ SAE carry 45 degrees
H FEL bucket rollback @ full height Adjustable
J Digging depth below grade with FEL bucket flat
Bucket 6.8 in. (18.0 cm)
Clamshell open (dozing) 4.1 in. (10.3 cm)
K Reach from front axle centerline to leading edge of FEL bucket 6 ft, 3 in. (1.91m)
L Overall transport length 22 ft, 8 in. (6.92m)
M Height to top of cab 8 ft, 9 in. (2.67m)
N Height to top of exhaust pipe 8 ft, 6 in. (2.59m)
O Ground clearance @ backhoe frame 13.7 in. (34.9 cm)
P Transport height 10 ft, 10 in. (3.29m)
Q Wheelbase 7 ft, 0.5 in. (2.15m)
R Overall transport width (at FEL bucket) 7 ft, 10 in. (2.39m)
FEL bucket capacity 1.25 cubic yards
(0.96 cubic meter)
0002-11
TM 5-2420-231-10 0002
Backhoe Physical Dimensions
Figure 3 shows the Backhoe dimensions, and Table 4 lists the backhoe dimensions.
Figure 3. Backhoe Physical Dimensions.
0002-12
TM 5-2420-231-10 0002
Table 4. Backhoe Physical Dimensions.
DIMENSION DESCRIPTION DATA
A Swing pivot to rear axle centerline 3 ft, 7 in. (1.09m)

B Digging radius from swing pivot 17 ft, 10 in. (5.44m)
C Maximum height 19 ft, 2 in. (5.84m)
D Loading height 11 ft, 2 in. (3.40m)
Loading height (dipper cylinder retracted) 10 ft, 3 in. (3.12m)
E Loading reach 5 ft, 10 in. (1.78m)
Loading reach (dipper cylinder retracted) 8 ft, 9 in. (2.67m)
F Dig depth, maximum 14 ft, 4 in. (4.37m)
G Dig depth 14 ft, 1 in. (4.29m)
H Bucket rotation 169.7 degrees
J Bucket angle 60 degrees
Backhoe bucket capacity 0.28 cubic yard
(0.21 cubic meter)
0002-13
TM 5-2420-231-10 0002
Backhoe Lifting Capacities
Figure 4 shows the backhoe lifting capacity, and Table 5 lists the backhoe lifting capacity. All measurements are
straight to the rear of the BHL. Height is measured to bucket pin.
Figure 4. Backhoe Lifting Capacities.
0002-14
TM 5-2420-231-10 0002
Table 5. Backhoe Lifting Capacities.
KEY LIFT DISTANCE FROM SWING PIVOT BACKHOE LIFT CAPACITY
BOOM HEIGHT
1 +14 ft (4.27m) 8 ft, 7 in. (2.62m) 2,750 lb (1,247 kg)
2 +12 ft (3.66m) 11 ft, 2 in. (3.40m) 3,050 lb (1,383 kg)
3 +10 ft (3.05m) 12 ft, 9 in. (3.84m) 3,100 lb (1,406 kg)
4 +8 ft (2.44m) 13 ft, 11 in. (4.24m) 3,050 lb (1,383 kg)
5 +6 ft (1.83m) 14 ft, 7 in. (4.45m) 3,000 lb (1,361 kg)
6 +4 ft (1.22m) 15 ft, 0 in. (4.57m) 2,900 lb (1,315 kg)
7 +2 ft (0.61m) 15 ft, 1 in. (4.60m) 2,850 lb (1,293 kg)
8 Ground level 14 ft, 11 in. (4.55m) 2,775 lb (1,259 kg)
9 –2 ft (0.61m) 14 ft, 5 in. (4.40m) 2,675 lb (1,213 kg)
10 –4 ft (1.22m) 13 ft, 7 in. (4.14m) 2,600 lb (1,179 kg)
11 –6 ft (1.83m) 12 ft, 4 in. (3.76m) 2,600 lb (1179 kg)
12 –8 ft (2.44m) 10 ft, 5 in. (3.18m) 2,600 lb (1,179 kg)
13 –10 ft (3.05m) 7 ft, 6 in. (2.28m) 2,825 lb (1,281 kg)
DIPPER
14 +12 ft (3.66m) 10 ft, 1 in. (3.08m) 4,940 lb (2,241 kg)
15 +10 ft (3.05m) 10 ft, 7 in. (3.23m) 4,650 lb (2,109 kg)
16 +8 ft (2.44m) 10 ft, 6 in. (3.20m) 4,680 lb (2,123 kg)
17 +6 ft (1.83m) 9 ft, 7 in. (2.92m) 5,290 lb (2,400 kg)
18 +4 ft (1.22m) 7 ft, 5 in. (2.25m) 6,610 lb (2,998 kg)
END OF WORK PACKAGE
0002-15/16 blank
TM 5-2420-231-10 0003
OPERATOR LEVEL
THEORY OF OPERATION
PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION
The Backhoe Loader (BHL) is designed for moving earthen materials around a construction site, opening up an
underground utility site, etc. It has a Front End Loader (FEL) to move material a short distance away from the
immediate area or load it into a vehicle for moving to a new, more distant location. It has a backhoe to dig earth
and loosen material so it can be moved or excavated. It can dig openings for basements, trenches for drainage
tubes, and all general construction excavation. Together, the FEL and backhoe can be used to level or prepare a
construction site.
Engine
A diesel engine supplies the power for the drive train to move the BHL. It also drives a large hydraulic pump to
provide the hydraulic power for FEL and backhoe operation. The engine has a fuel system and cooling system
typical of diesel engines.
Fuel System
The fuel system supplies fuel from the fuel tank through a fuel pump, fuel filters, injector pump, and injectors to
the engine. Air is supplied through an air filtration system before entering the engine to be mixed with the fuel.
Cooling System
The cooling system uses a water pump to circulate water through the radiator. A fan behind the radiator pulls air
through the radiator core to cool the coolant solution inside the radiator. The coolant is then circulated through
the engine to cool the engine. Engine temperature is regulated by a thermostat which controls the coolant flow
through the radiator depending on engine temperature.
Transmission
The transmission is mechanically linked to the engine. It is also linked to the front and rear wheels providing Two-
Wheel Drive/Four-Wheel Drive (2WD/4WD). The transmission provides several output speeds to move the BHL
forward and backward. The transmission output speed is controlled by the transmission gear selection control
lever and by engine speed.
Steering System
The steering system allows the operator to turn the front wheels left or right to steer the BHL using the steering
wheel. The steering system is powered by the hydraulic pump.
Electrical Power
The engine drives a 24 Vdc alternator to produce the electrical power used on the BHL. Two 12 Vdc batteries in
series provide 24 Vdc for starting the engine and for powering the blackout lights. All other lights, controls, and
indicators operate on 12 Vdc. The 24 Vdc NATO slave receptacle allows slave starting from or to any other
vehicle with a 24 Vdc NATO slave receptacle.
0003-1
TM 5-2420-231-10 0003
PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION - Continued
Hydraulic Power
The engine drives a hydraulic pump to provide hydraulic power to position the FEL or backhoe in several
directions. High hydraulic pressure is supplied to the hydraulic control valves. Low hydraulic pressure called pilot
pressure is supplied to the direction control lever, left backhoe control tower, and right backhoe control tower.
When the operator activates these controls, pilot pressure is directed to the corresponding hydraulic control
valves. Pilot pressure activates hydraulic control valves to allow high pressure hydraulic fluid to extend or retract
selected hydraulic cylinders which position the FEL or backhoe.
The FEL can be raised or lowered, tilted up or down, and opened or closed. The backhoe can swing from left to
right. The backhoe boom and dipper can be moved away from or toward the BHL. The backhoe dipper can be
tilted up or down. A hydraulic accumulator provides dampening for smoother FEL and backhoe operations.
Maximum hydraulic system pressure is regulated to prevent hydraulic hoses and seals from rupturing. Rear
backhoe-mounted auxiliary hydraulics allows uni-directional and bi-directional control of auxiliary equipment, such
as a hammer or an auger.
END OF WORK PACKAGE
0003-2
TM 5-2420-231-10
CHAPTER 2
OPERATOR INSTRUCTIONS
FOR
WORK PACKAGE INDEX
DESCRIPTION AND USE OF CONTROLS AND INDICATORS FOR RIGHT HAND INSTRUMENT PANEL .0004
DESCRIPTION AND USE OF CONTROLS AND INDICATORS FOR FRONT AND
LEFT REAR CONSOLES ....................................................................................................................................0005
DESCRIPTION AND USE OF CONTROLS AND INDICATORS FOR FRONT END LOADER (FEL)
CONTROL LEVER ...............................................................................................................................................0006
DESCRIPTION AND USE OF CONTROLS AND INDICATORS FOR LEFT AND RIGHT
BACKHOE CONTROL TOWERS........................................................................................................................0007
DESCRIPTION AND USE OF CONTROLS AND INDICATORS FOR TRANSMISSION
AND DISPLAY SCREEN .....................................................................................................................................0008
DESCRIPTION AND USE OF CONTROLS AND INDICATORS FOR MISCELLANEOUS CAB ITEMS..........0009
OPERATION OF BACKHOE LOADER (BHL) UNDER USUAL CONDITIONS ................................................0010
OPERATION OF FRONT END LOADER (FEL) UNDER USUAL CONDITIONS ..............................................0011
OPERATION OF BACKHOE UNDER USUAL CONDITIONS............................................................................0012
DECALS AND OPERATION INSTRUCTION PLATES ......................................................................................0013
OPERATION OF AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT .......................................................................................................0014
OPERATION UNDER UNUSUAL CONDITIONS................................................................................................0015
STOWAGE AND DECAL/DATA PLATE GUIDE ................................................................................................0016
ON-VEHICLE EQUIPMENT LOADING PLAN ....................................................................................................0017
TM 5-2420-231-10 0004
OPERATOR LEVEL
DESCRIPTION AND USE OF CONTROLS AND INDICATORS FOR
RIGHT HAND INSTRUMENT PANEL
INTRODUCTION
This work package contains the right hand instrument panel control and/or indicator illustrations and table. Index
numbers on the illustrations are keyed to tabular listings that contain the name, based on the panel markings, and
the functional description of the control/indicator. The following index provides a quick reference to the
control/indicator figures and tables.
Control/Indicator Figure No. Page No. Table No. Page No.
Right Hand Instrument Panel .............................................1, Sheet 1.............. 0004-2............... 1................. 0004-2
0004-1
TM 5-2420-231-10 0004
RIGHT HAND INSTRUMENT PANEL
Figure 1. Right Hand Instrument Panel Controls/Indicators (Sheet 1 of 7).
Table 1. Right Hand Instrument Panel Controls/Indicators.
KEY CONTROL/INDICATOR FUNCTION

1 Not used. -
2 4WD front axle switch Push top of rocker switch to engage front drive axle (Four-
Wheel Drive (4WD)); green lamp in switch illuminates.
Push bottom of rocker switch to disengage front drive axle
(Two-Wheel Drive (2WD)).
3 Not used. -
WARNING
Do not engage ride control switch with starter key
switch turned to ON or ACC position. Front End
Loader (FEL) lift arms can drop. Failure to comply
4 Ride control switch Reduces fore and aft pitching motion, reduces shock
loads to the BHL, increases productivity, and improves
operator comfort. To engage, lower FEL bucket to or near
ground and push top of rocker switch. Green lamp in
switch illuminates. Push bottom of rocker switch to
disengage.
5 Rear work lamp switch Push top of rocker switch to turn lamp on; green lamp in
switch illuminates. Push bottom of rocker switch to turn
lamp off.
0004-2
TM 5-2420-231-10 0004
RIGHT HAND INSTRUMENT PANEL - Continued
Table 1. Right Hand Instrument Panel Controls/Indicators - Continued.

6 Air conditioning system pressure Illuminates when air conditioner has stopped because of
indicator lamp too low or too high refrigerant pressures.
7 Not used. -
8 Not used. -
9 Parking brake indicator lamp Illuminates when parking brake is engaged.
CAUTION
If any warning lamps illuminate (KEYS 10 thru 17
below), shut engine off and notify field level
maintenance. Failure to comply may result in
severe damage to engine.
10 Low engine oil pressure warning lamp Illuminates when, with engine operating, there is no
engine oil pressure or low engine oil pressure. Audible
alarm will also sound when this condition exists.
11 Rear axle oil temperature warning Illuminates when rear axle oil temperature reaches 305°F
lamp (152°C).
12 Not used. -
0004-3
TM 5-2420-231-10 0004
CAUTION
If any warning lamps illuminate (KEYS 10 thru 17
below), shut engine off and notify field level
maintenance. Failure to comply may result in
severe damage to engine.
13 Alternator warning lamp Illuminates when, with engine operating, alternator is not
charging batteries.
14 Hydraulic oil filter warning lamp Illuminates when, with engine operating and hydraulic
fluid at operating temperature, hydraulic filter is restricted
and requires service.
15 Air filter restriction warning lamp Illuminates when, with engine operating, air filter element
is restricted and requires service.
WARNING
The BHL is equipped with an engine grid heater that
will ignite flammable starting fluids. Do not use
starting fluid. Fire and explosion may occur.
Failure to comply may result in serious injury or
death to personnel.
16 Engine grid heater indicator lamp Illuminates when starter key switch is turned to ON
position and incoming air needs to be preheated due to
cold temperatures. Wait until lamp extinguishes before
starting engine.
0004-4
TM 5-2420-231-10 0004

17 Low fuel level warning lamp Illuminates when fuel level is low (below 5 gallons (19L)).
18 Fuel level gage Indicates amount of fuel in fuel tank.
CAUTION
Do not continue to operate engine with voltmeter
gage needle in red area (discharge or overcharge).
Notify field level maintenance. Failure to comply
may result in damage to batteries.
NOTE
When starter key switch in turned to ON position,
voltmeter gage needle will move to bottom of green
area. After engine starts, gage needle should move
up to upper part of green area.
19 Voltmeter gage Indicates condition of electrical system. System is normal
when, with key switch in ON position, gage needle is in
green area of gage (11 to 15.3 volts). If gage needle is in
red area, battery charge is too low, alternator in not
charging enough, or there is an overcharge condition.
0004-5
TM 5-2420-231-10 0004

20 Tachometer Indicates engine speed in rpm. Each mark on gage
equals 100 rpm. Engine should be operated in green
area of gage.
21 Engine hourmeter Indicates number of hours engine has operated. Far right
number indicates tenths of an hour.
CAUTION
Do not continue to operate engine with torque
converter oil temperature gage needle in red area.
may result in damage to torque converter.
22 Torque converter oil temperature Indicates torque converter oil temperature. Temperature
gage is normal when gage needle is in green area of gage. If
gage needle goes into red area, shift direction control
lever to neutral position and operate engine for 30
seconds to 2 minutes at full throttle. If this does not
reduce torque converter oil temperature, shut engine off
and check for obstruction in radiator or oil cooler.
0004-6
TM 5-2420-231-10 0004
WARNING
Hot coolant can spray out if radiator cap is removed
rapidly. To remove radiator cap, let system cool;
then, slowly remove cap by turning in small
increments. Failure to comply may result in serious
CAUTION
Do not continue to operate engine with engine
coolant temperature gage needle in red area.
may result in damage to engine.
23 Engine coolant temperature gage Indicates engine coolant temperature. Temperature is
normal when gage needle is in green area of gage. If
gage needle goes into red area, audible alarm will sound.
Shut engine off, allow to cool, and check cooling system.
24 Heater temperature control switch Turn heater switch clockwise (CW) to increase
temperature in cab; turn heater switch counterclockwise
(CCW) to decrease temperature in cab.
0004-7
TM 5-2420-231-10 0004


25 Blower fan switch Turn switch to center detent for low fan speed; fully CW
for high fan speed; completely CCW to OFF position to
stop fan.
26 Starter key switch (4-position)
Position A ACC - Turn key CCW from OFF position to ACC position
to provide power to accessories.
Position B OFF - Turn key to OFF position to shut engine off.
Position C ON - Turn key CW to ON position. Before starting engine,
check status of all warning lamps. Use voltmeter gage to
check battery condition.
Position D START - Turn key completely CW to actuate starter
motor. After engine starts, release key, which will
automatically return starter key switch to ON position.
NOTE
Air conditioning should produce air approximately
10°F cooler than outside air temperature.
27 Air conditioning temperature switch Controls air conditioning output temperature. Turn switch
CW to decrease temperature in cab; turn switch
completely CCW to turn off.
END OF WORK PACKAGE
0004-8
TM 5-2420-231-10 0005
OPERATOR LEVEL
FRONT AND LEFT REAR CONSOLES
INTRODUCTION
This work package contains the front and left rear consoles control and/or indicator illustrations and tables. Index
Front Console ................................................................................... 1.............. 0005-2............... 1................. 0005-3

Left Rear Console............................................................................. 2.............. 0005-4............... 2................. 0005-5
0005-1
TM 5-2420-231-10 0005
FRONT CONSOLE
Figure 1. Front Console Controls/Indicators.
0005-2
TM 5-2420-231-10 0005
FRONT CONSOLE - Continued
Table 1. Front Console Controls/Indicators.

1 Not used. -
2 Front wiper switch (3 position) Controls front wiper.
Low Push left side of rocker switch to first position to turn front
wiper to low.
High Push left side of rocker switch to second position to turn
front wiper to high.
Off Push right side of rocker switch to turn front wiper to off.
3 Front windshield washer switch Push and hold rocker switch to activate front windshield
washer; release rocker switch to stop front windshield
washer.
4 Front End Loader (FEL) tool carrier Push left side of rocker switch to retract FEL tool carrier
switch lock pins; push right side of rocker switch to extend FEL
tool carrier lock pins.
5 Not used. -
6 Front work lamp switch Push right side of rocker switch to turn on front work
lamps; push opposite end of rocker switch to turn off front
work lamps.
7 Flasher lamp switch Push right side of rocker switch to turn on flashers; push
opposite end of rocker switch to turn off flashers.
8 Not used. -
9 Not used. -
CAUTION
If the BHL has not been operated for several weeks
or engine oil filter has been replaced, prime
turbocharger with oil per Priming Turbocharger
(WP 0010). Failure to comply may result in
damage to turbocharger.
10 Fuel pump solenoid switch. Momentary rocker switch. Push and hold right side of
switch to disengage fuel pump solenoid switch and
prevent engine from starting; release switch to engage
fuel pump solenoid switch and allow engine to operate.
11 Driving lamp switch (lever) Push lever forward to turn driving lamps on; pull lever
rearward to turn driving lamps off.
12 Turn signal lever Push lever up to signal left turn; push lever down to signal
right turn; move lever to center to stop turn signal.
13 Horn button Push button to sound horn.
14 Steering wheel Provides directional control to the BHL.
15 Turn signal indicators Flash to show turn signal activation (left or right).
0005-3
TM 5-2420-231-10 0005
LEFT REAR CONSOLE
Figure 2. Left Rear Console Controls/Indicators.
0005-4
TM 5-2420-231-10 0005
LEFT REAR CONSOLE - Continued
Table 2. Left Rear Console Controls/Indicators.

1 Not used. -
2 Rear wiper switch (3 position) Controls rear wiper.
Low Push top of rocker switch to first position to turn rear wiper
to low.
High Push top of rocker switch to second position to turn rear
wiper to high.
Off Push bottom of rocker switch to turn rear wiper to off.
3 Rear window washer switch Push and hold rocker switch to activate rear window
washer; release rocker switch to stop rear window
washer.
4 Not used. -
NOTE
Push both backhoe hydraulic quick coupler rocker
switches at same time to activate backhoe hydraulic
quick coupler lock pins.
5 Backhoe right hydraulic quick coupler Push top of rocker switch to retract backhoe right
switch hydraulic quick coupler lock pin; push bottom of rocker
switch to extend backhoe right hydraulic quick coupler
lock pin.
6 Backhoe left hydraulic quick coupler Push top of rocker switch to retract backhoe left hydraulic
switch quick coupler lock pin; push bottom of rocker switch to
extend backhoe left hydraulic quick coupler lock pin.
7 Not used. -
8 Rear throttle control Push hand throttle away from you to increase engine
speed; pull hand throttle toward you to decrease engine
speed.
END OF WORK PACKAGE
0005-5/6 blank
TM 5-2420-231-10 0006
OPERATOR LEVEL
FRONT END LOADER (FEL) CONTROL LEVER
INTRODUCTION
This work package contains the FEL control lever control and/or indicator illustrations and table. Index numbers
on the illustrations are keyed to tabular listings that contain the name, based on the panel markings, and the
functional description of the control/indicator. The following index provides a quick reference to the
FEL Control Lever ..............................................................1, Sheet 1.............. 0006-2............... 1................. 0006-3

0006-1
TM 5-2420-231-10 0006
FEL CONTROL LEVER
Figure 1. FEL Control Lever Controls/Indicators (Sheet 1 of 3).
0006-2
TM 5-2420-231-10 0006
FEL CONTROL LEVER - Continued
Table 1. FEL Control Lever Controls/Indicators.

1 Lift arms and bucket control lever Controls lift arms and bucket.
Position A FLOAT - Push lever forward past detent. Bucket can
follow level of ground without lever movement.
Position B LOWER - Moves bucket down.
Position C RAISE - Moves bucket up.
Position D ROLL BACK - Rolls bucket back.
Position E DUMP - Dumps bucket.
Position F RETURN-TO-DIG - After bucket is dumped, move lever
to ROLLBACK and FLOAT. When bucket is at height
selected, pull lever back to HOLD.
Position G NEUTRAL - Lift arms and bucket stop moving. When
released, lever will return to HOLD automatically.
Manually move lever from FLOAT to HOLD.
0006-3
TM 5-2420-231-10 0006
0006-4
TM 5-2420-231-10 0006
Table 1. FEL Control Lever Controls/Indicators - Continued.
NOTE
Keep clamshell lockout control in locked position
when clamshell is not in use.
2 Clamshell lockout control Push thumb control down to unlock clamshell lockout
control; pull thumb control up to lock clamshell lockout
control.
3 Clamshell control handle Controls clamshell.
Position A CLAMSHELL OPEN - Pivot pistol grip handle to left.
Position B CLAMSHELL CLOSED - Pivot pistol grip handle to
right.
Position C HOLD – NEUTRAL – When released, lever will return
to HOLD automatically.
0006-5
TM 5-2420-231-10 0006
0006-6
TM 5-2420-231-10 0006
Table 1. FEL Control Lever Controls/Indicators - Continued.
NOTE
There are two kickdown switches. Kickdown
switches (KEY 4 below or WP 0008, KEY 3) can be
used to move transmission mode from manual to
automatic and back to manual. With transmission
in neutral position and either kickdown switch
engaged, transmission will go from manual mode to
automatic mode and AU will be displayed on display
screen. When transmission goes from automatic
mode to manual mode, SL will be displayed on
display screen. On startup, transmission will be in
automatic mode. Speed of the BHL has no effect
on selection.
4 Transmission kickdown switch Momentary rocker switch used to change automatically
(on FEL control lever) from 2nd gear to 1st gear, when in manual mode, to
increase digging force. Press switch once to downshift
from 2nd gear to 1st gear. Press switch again to shift
back to 2nd gear. If switch has been pressed to downshift
to 1st gear, changing direction from forward to reverse will
shift transmission to 2nd gear reverse. Changing
directions back to forward will shift transmission into 2nd
gear forward.
CAUTION
Before engaging differential lock switch, make sure
neither rear wheel is spinning freely. Failure to
comply may result in damage to differential.
NOTE
Differential lock will release automatically when load
is removed.
5 Differential lock switch Press and hold switch to engage lock; release switch to
disengage lock.
6 Clutch cutout switch Push and hold switch to disengage transmission from
drive wheels and allow engine to increase speed and
supply more hydraulic fluid for greater power and faster
control reaction time. The BHL can move freely, so
brakes should be used to stop the BHL. Release switch
to engage transmission to drive wheels and allow engine
to reduce speed and supply less hydraulic fluid.
END OF WORK PACKAGE
0006-7/8 blank
TM 5-2420-231-10 0007
INTRODUCTION
This work package contains the left and right backhoe control towers control and/or indicator illustrations and
tables. Index numbers on the illustrations are keyed to tabular listings that contain the name, based on the panel
markings, and the functional description of the control/indicator. The following index provides a quick reference to
the control/indicator figures and tables.
Left Backhoe Control Tower ............................................................. 1.............. 0007-2............... 1................. 0007-3

Right Backhoe Control Tower .......................................................... 2.............. 0007-4............... 2................. 0007-5
Backhoe Control Levers Pattern 1 ................................................... 3.............. 0007-6............... 3................. 0007-6
Backhoe Control Levers Pattern 2 ................................................... 4.............. 0007-7............... 4................. 0007-7
0007-1
TM 5-2420-231-10 0007
LEFT BACKHOE CONTROL TOWER
Figure 1. Left Backhoe Control Tower Controls/Indicators.
0007-2
TM 5-2420-231-10 0007
LEFT BACKHOE CONTROL TOWER - Continued
Table 1. Left Backhoe Control Tower Controls/Indicators.
NOTE
Bi-directional auxiliary hydraulic switches operate
only when auxiliary hydraulic equipment is installed.
1 Bi-directional auxiliary hydraulic Control operation of optional auxiliary hydraulic equipment
switches connected to backhoe boom.
2 Horn button Push button to activate horn; release button to stop horn.
3 Left backhoe control lever Controls backhoe functions for boom and swing
(pattern 1) (Figure 3) or dipper and swing (pattern 2)
(Figure 4).
4 Tower tip adjustment knob Located on backhoe side of tower. Turn knob
counterclockwise (CCW) and tip upper part of tower into
desired position; turn knob clockwise (CW) to lock
position.
5 Left wrist rest adjustment knob Turn knob CCW to loosen wrist rest; adjust wrist rest; turn
CW to tighten wrist rest.
NOTE
Auto Up feature allows operator to automatically
bring stabilizers (left or right) up to transport
position without holding switch in position.
For Auto Up feature, pull switch all the way

rearward momentarily past detent position.
Release switch and stabilizer will automatically
raise to full transport position. Push switch in either
direction to cancel Auto Up.
6 Right stabilizer switch Pull switch rearward to bring right stabilizer up; push
switch forward to lower stabilizer.
7 Left stabilizer switch Pull switch rearward to bring left stabilizer up; push switch
forward to lower stabilizer.
8 Adjustable wrist rest Supports operator's wrist during backhoe operation to
prevent fatigue.
0007-3
TM 5-2420-231-10 0007
RIGHT BACKHOE CONTROL TOWER
Figure 2. Right Backhoe Control Tower Controls/Indicators.
0007-4
TM 5-2420-231-10 0007
RIGHT BACKHOE CONTROL TOWER - Continued
Table 2. Right Backhoe Control Tower Controls/Indicators.

1 Right backhoe control lever Controls backhoe functions for dipper and bucket
(pattern 1) (Figure 3) or boom and bucket (pattern 2)
(Figure 4).
2 Adjustable wrist rest Supports operator's wrist during backhoe operation to
prevent fatigue.
3 Tower fore and aft control handles Squeeze handles together to adjust left and right towers
fore and aft; release handles to hold position.
NOTE
When turning pilot control switch to on position,
there may be a delay of less than 1/2 second before
being able to operate stabilizers or bi-directional
auxiliary equipment. If operator attempts to operate
any of these functions sooner than 1/2 second
delay, functions will not operate again until pilot
control switch is cycled off and on.
4 Pilot control switch (3 position) Used to activate/de-activate backhoe controls.
Position A Enable - Momentary position; activates all backhoe
functions; illuminates when activated.
Position B On - Allows only stabilizers to operate.
Position C Off - Shuts off backhoe controls.
NOTE
It is necessary to use two hands to change control
patterns. This safety feature prevents accidental
switching of patterns.
5 Backhoe control pattern switch Used to select backhoe pattern 1 (Figure 3) or pattern 2
(2 position) (Figure 4).
Orange locking tab (E) To change switch positions, push orange locking tab up
Lock release (D) toward center of switch to release lock.
6 Right wrist rest adjustment knob Turn knob CCW to adjust wrist rest, turn knob CW to
tighten wrist rest.
7 Boom latch release pedal Push pedal to release boom latch.
8 Tower tip adjustment knob Located on backhoe side of tower. Turn knob CCW and
tip upper part of tower into desired position; turn knob CW
to lock position.
0007-5
TM 5-2420-231-10 0007
BACKHOE CONTROL LEVERS PATTERN 1
Figure 3. Backhoe Control Levers Pattern 1.
Table 3. Backhoe Control Levers Pattern 1 Controls/Indicators.

1 Left backhoe control lever Boom and swing pattern allows movement of boom up
and down and left and right as indicated.
2 Right backhoe control lever Dipper and bucket pattern allows movement of dipper in
and out and bucket in and out as indicated.
0007-6
TM 5-2420-231-10 0007
BACKHOE CONTROL LEVERS PATTERN 2
Figure 4. Backhoe Control Levers Pattern 2.
Table 4. Backhoe Control Levers Pattern 2 Controls/Indicators.

1 Left backhoe control lever Dipper and swing pattern allows movement of dipper in
and out and boom left and right as indicated.
2 Right backhoe control lever Boom and bucket pattern allows movement of boom up
and down and bucket in and out as indicated.
END OF WORK PACKAGE
0007-7/8 blank
TM 5-2420-231-10 0008
OPERATOR LEVEL
TRANSMISSION AND DISPLAY SCREEN
INTRODUCTION
This work package contains the transmission and display screen control and/or indicator illustrations and tables.
Index numbers on the illustrations are keyed to tabular listings that contain the name, based on the panel
markings, and the functional description of the control/indicator. The following index provides a quick reference to
the control/indicator figures and tables.
Transmission ......................................................................1, Sheet 1.............. 0008-2............... 1................. 0008-2

Transmission ......................................................................1, Sheet 2.............. 0008-3............... 1................. 0008-3
Display Screen....................................................................2, Sheet 1.............. 0008-4............... 2................. 0008-4
0008-1
TM 5-2420-231-10 0008
TRANSMISSION
Figure 1. Transmission Controls/Indicators (Sheet 1 of 2).
Table 1. Transmission Controls/Indicators.

1 Direction control lever Lever controls travel direction of the BHL. Center position
N is neutral. To travel forward in 1st, 2nd, 3rd, or 4th
gear, lift lever and push all the way forward toward
F position. To travel in reverse in 1st or 2nd gear, lift
lever and pull completely rearward toward R position.
2 Gear selection control lever Used to select gears (1, 2, 3, 4). Rotate lever handgrip to
aline number, which corresponds to each gear, with
indicator mark on lever.
Manual transmission mode The BHL will stay in selected gear until selection is
changed. Gear change can be made without stopping the
BHL.
Position 1 1st gear (forward or reverse).
Position 2 2nd gear (forward or reverse).
Position 3 3rd gear (forward only).
Position 4 4th gear (forward only).
Automatic transmission mode The BHL will reach maximum gear selected by gear
selection control lever.
Position 1 No automatic shifting; transmission will remain in 1st
gear.
Position 2 No automatic shifting; transmission will remain in 2nd
gear.
Position 3 Automatic shifting between 2nd and 3rd gears.
Position 4 Automatic shifting between 2nd, 3rd, and 4th gears.
0008-2
TM 5-2420-231-10 0008
TRANSMISSION - Continued
Figure 1. Transmission Controls/Indicators (Sheet 2 of 2).
Table 1. Transmission Controls/Indicators - Continued.
NOTE
There are two kickdown switches. Kickdown
switches (KEY 3 below or WP 0006, KEY 4) can be
used to move transmission mode from manual to
automatic and back to manual. With transmission
in neutral position and either kickdown switch
engaged, transmission will go from manual mode to
automatic mode and AU will be displayed on display
screen. When transmission goes from automatic
mode to manual mode, SL will be displayed on
display screen. On startup, transmission will be in
automatic mode. Speed of the BHL has no effect
on selection.
3 Transmission kickdown switch (on Pushbutton switch used, when in manual mode, to change
gear selection control lever) automatically from 2nd gear to 1st gear to increase
digging force. Press button once to downshift from 2nd
gear to 1st gear. Press button again to shift back to 2nd
gear. If button has been pressed to downshift to 1st gear,
changing direction from forward to reverse will shift
transmission to 2nd gear reverse. Changing directions
from reverse to forward will shift transmission into 2nd
gear forward.
0008-3
TM 5-2420-231-10 0008
DISPLAY SCREEN
Figure 2. Display Screen Controls/Indicators (Sheet 1 of 4).
Table 2. Display Screen Controls/Indicators.

1 Display screen Displays GA momentarily upon startup to indicate self
test. Displays direction control lever position (F, N, R),
gear selection control lever position (1, 2, 3, 4), and
vehicle speed (km/h). (Below 10 km/h, speed is displayed
with 0.1 km/h resolution.)
2 Mode selection button M Used to select mode displayed on display screen. Press
and release button until desired mode is displayed on
display screen.
3 Indicator lamp F Illuminates momentarily upon startup as module goes
(reset mode indicator lamp) through self-test.
CAUTION
If indicator lamp T blinks, Sd will be displayed on
display screen. Move to safe location, shut engine
off, and notify field level maintenance. Failure to
comply may result in damage to transmission.
4 Indicator lamp T Blinks to indicate failure in transmission electrical circuit.
(test mode and fault indicator lamp) Press and hold mode selection button M until failure code
is displayed. (Failure code is to be provided to field level
maintenance personnel.)
0008-4
TM 5-2420-231-10 0008
DISPLAY SCREEN - Continued
Table 2. Display Screen Controls/Indicators - Continued.

Automatic transmission mode Automatic transmission mode operates as follows:
NOTE
At startup, transmission will be in automatic mode.
a. Left side of display screen displays position of
direction control lever (Figure 1). Neutral is
indicated by n.
b. When direction control lever (Figure 1) is shifted to
F (forward position, left side of display screen
displays F. When direction control is shifted to R
(reverse) position, left side of display screen
displays r.
c. Right side of display screen displays transmission
mode. Automatic is indicated by A.
d. Transmission range is selected by rotating gear
selection control lever (Figure 1) to desired gear
(1, 2, 3, 4). Right side of display screen will
continue to display A (automatic).
0008-5
TM 5-2420-231-10 0008
Table 2. Display Screen Controls/Indicators - Continued.

Manual transmission mode Manual transmission mode operates as follows:
a. Press and release mode selection button M (KEY 2
above) until display screen displays SL (shift lever).
or
Shift direction control lever to N (neutral) position
and press kickdown switch (Table 1, KEY 3 or
WP 0006, KEY 4).
b. Left side of display screen displays n.
c. Left side of display screen displays direction control
lever position (F, N, R); right side of display screen
displays gear selection control lever position (1, 2,
3, 4).
0008-6
TM 5-2420-231-10 0008
Table 2. Display Screen Controls/Indicator - Continued.

Display modes a. Press mode selection button M (KEY 2 above) to
change display mode. Press and hold button down to
view display mode; release button to display data.
b. Display modes available:
Engaged direction and range (GP).
Speed in kilometers per hour (SP).
Speed in miles per hour (rS).
Current shift lever position (SL).
END OF WORK PACKAGE
0008-7/8 blank
TM 5-2420-231-10 0009
OPERATOR LEVEL
DESCRIPTION AND USE OF CONTROLS AND INDICATORS FOR MISCELLANEOUS CAB ITEMS
INTRODUCTION
This work package contains the miscellaneous cab items control and/or indicator illustrations and tables. Index
Foot Pedals....................................................................................... 1.............. 0009-2............... 1................. 0009-3

Parking Brake ................................................................................... 2.............. 0009-4............... 2................. 0009-5
Seat .................................................................................................. 3.............. 0009-6............... 3................. 0009-7
Seat Belt ........................................................................................... 4.............. 0009-8............... 4................. 0009-9
Cab Air Louvers ................................................................................ 5............ 0009-10............... 5............... 0009-11
Dome Lamp ...................................................................................... 6............ 0009-12............... 6............... 0009-12
Cab Latches...................................................................................... 7............ 0009-13............... 7............... 0009-13
Miscellaneous Cab Items ................................................................. 8............ 0009-14............... 8............... 0009-15
Light Control Switch.......................................................................... 9............ 0009-16............... 9............... 0009-17
0009-1
TM 5-2420-231-10 0009
FOOT PEDALS
Figure 1. Foot Pedals Controls/Indicators.
0009-2
TM 5-2420-231-10 0009
FOOT PEDALS – CONTINUED
Table 1. Foot Pedals Controls/Indicators.
WARNING
Service brake pedals must remain locked together
unless using brake pedals to assist steering limited
clearance conditions. Once steering assist
maneuver is complete, return pedals to locked
position. Failure to comply may result in damage to
equipment or serious injury or death to personnel.
1 Left brake pedal Push pedal to help turn the BHL left at low speed (with
brake pedal lock disengaged).
2 Brake pedal lock lever Used to apply left and right brakes simultaneously for
travel on roads. Move lever up and slide locking pin all
the way right to engage lock; move lever up and slide
locking pin all the way left to disengage lock.
3 Right brake pedal Push pedal to help turn BHL right at low speed (with brake
pedal lock disengaged).
4 Foot throttle Push throttle down to increase engine speed; release
throttle to decrease engine speed.
0009-3
TM 5-2420-231-10 0009
PARKING BRAKE
Figure 2. Parking Brake Controls/Indicators.
0009-4
TM 5-2420-231-10 0009
PARKING BRAKE – CONTINUED
Table 2. Parking Brake Controls/Indicators.
NOTE
Adjust tension with parking brake disengaged.
1 Tension adjuster Rotate adjuster clockwise (CW) to increase tension; rotate
adjuster counterclockwise (CCW) to decrease tension.
CAUTION
Do not drive the BHL with parking brake engaged.
Failure to comply may result in damage to parking
brake.
NOTE
Warning alarm will sound if direction control lever is
shifted into forward or reverse while parking brake
is engaged.
2 Parking brake handle Pull brake handle back to engage; push brake handle
forward to disengage.
0009-5
TM 5-2420-231-10 0009
SEAT
Figure 3. Seat Controls/Indicators.
0009-6
TM 5-2420-231-10 0009
SEAT – CONTINUED
Table 3. Seat Controls/Indicators.
NOTE
Audible alarm will sound if seat is rotated from
driving position with direction control lever in
forward or reverse position.
Audible alarm seat test Perform test as follows:
a. Park the BHL on level ground.
b. With operator sitting in seat, seat in driving position,
and seat belt fastened, start engine.
c. Engage and hold service brakes.
d. Shift direction control lever to forward position and
turn seat approximately 15 to 20 degrees. Alarm
will sound. Return seat to driving position.
e. Shift direction control lever to reverse position and
turn seat approximately 15 to 20 degrees. Alarm
will sound. Backup alarm will also sound.
1 Swivel control lever Lift lever to rotate from normal driving position to backhoe
operation position or from backhoe operation position to
normal driving position; release lever to lock seat into
position.
2 Forward/rearward control lever Lift lever to move seat forward or rearward; release lever
to lock seat into position.
3 Backrest tilt adjustment control lever Located on left side of seat. While sitting on seat, raise
lever and tilt seat backrest until comfortable; release lever
to lock backrest into position.
4 Lumbar adjustment control wheel Located on left rear of seat. Turn wheel down or CW to
increase lumbar support; turn wheel up or CCW to
decrease lumbar support.
5 Weight adjustment control knob Use handcrank to turn knob CW to increase seat
firmness; use handcrank to turn knob CCW to decrease
seat firmness.
6 Armrest adjustment control knob Turn knob (on each side of seat) CW to raise armrest; turn
knob CCW to lower armrest. Armrests may be folded up
completely to give operator more arm room.
0009-7
TM 5-2420-231-10 0009
SEAT BELT
Figure 4. Seat Belt Controls/Indicators.
0009-8
TM 5-2420-231-10 0009
SEAT BELT – CONTINUED
Table 4. Seat Belt Controls/Indicators.
WARNING
Always fasten seat belt before operating the BHL.
Failure to comply may result in serious injury or
death to personnel.
1 Seat belt end Connects to buckle.
2 Left-hand buckle Stationary connector.
3 Button Release end from buckle. Push seat belt end into left-
hand buckle to fasten seat belt; push button on left-hand
buckle to release seat belt.
0009-9
TM 5-2420-231-10 0009
CAB AIR LOUVERS
Figure 5. Cab Air Louvers Controls/Indicators.
0009-10
TM 5-2420-231-10 0009
CAB AIR LOUVERS – CONTINUED
Table 5. Cab Air Louvers Controls/Indicators.
NOTE
During some conditions, ice may form on air-
conditioning core. Ice can be caused by operating
at low blower speed and maximum cold setting of
temperature switch. It is best to operate at medium
or high blower speed and center range of
temperature switch. If ice blocks core, turn
temperature switch to off position and run blower at
high speed. Ice can also form as a result of a
restricted air filter in cab.
1 Defrost louvers Two louvers are located in front of cab and two are
located in rear of cab. Move two bars in each defrost
louver to center position to stop airflow; move two bars to
outward position to start airflow.
2 Recirculation grill Used for recirculation of cab air. Close grill for
overpressure of cab; open grill for maximum heat or
maximum cooling.
3 Main louvers Used to direct airflow.
4 Cab lower vents Used to direct airflow. Located in lower right front and
lower right rear area of cab. For maximum airflow, close
defrost, recirculation, and main louvers.
0009-11
TM 5-2420-231-10 0009
DOME LAMP
Figure 6. Dome Lamp Controls/Indicators.
Table 6. Dome Lamp Controls/Indicators.

1 Dome lamp switch (3 position) Controls dome lamp.
Auto on (forward position) Lamp illuminates when door is opened; lamp extinguishes
when door is closed.
Off (center position) Lamp remains off.
On (rear position) Lamp remains on.
0009-12
TM 5-2420-231-10 0009
CAB LATCHES
Figure 7. Cab Latches Controls/Indicators.
Table 7. Cab Latches Controls/Indicators.

1 Door latch (interior) Pull up to open door.
CAUTION
Do not transport the BHL at highway speeds with
side windows in partially open position. Do not
attempt to open or close side windows while BHL is
in motion. BHL must be stopped, direction control
lever in neutral, and parking brake engaged.
Failure to comply may result in damage to side
windows.
2 Window latch and handle Push in tabs to release and open side windows. Return
windows to stowed position when not in use.
3 Door latch (exterior) Pull handle down to open door.
0009-13
TM 5-2420-231-10 0009
MISCELLANEOUS CAB ITEMS
Figure 8. Miscellaneous Cab Items Controls/Indicators.
0009-14
TM 5-2420-231-10 0009
MISCELLANEOUS CAB ITEMS – CONTINUED
Table 8. Miscellaneous Cab Items Controls/Indicators.
CAUTION
Do not hang items heavier than 20 pounds (9 kg)
on coat hook. Failure to comply may result in
damage to equipment.
1 Coat hook Used to hang clothing out of the way.
2 Tether strap Secures bottom of clothing hung on coat hook.
3 Rear view mirror When operator is facing forward, rear view mirror is used
to view objects behind the BHL.
4 Fire extinguisher Used to control small fire.
5 Technical Manual (TM) storage box Used to store operator TM and tire pressure gage.
6 Rifle rack Used to secure M16A2 rifle or M4 carbine.
0009-15
TM 5-2420-231-10 0009
LIGHT CONTROL SWITCH
Figure 9. Light Control Switch Controls/Indicators.
0009-16
TM 5-2420-231-10 0009
LIGHT CONTROL SWITCH – CONTINUED

Table 9. Light Control Switch Controls/Indicators.

1 BO DRIVE Allows blackout drive light, blackout taillights, and blackout stop lights to
operate. All other lights, horn, and audible alarms are disabled.
2 BO MARKER Allows blackout marker lights to operate. All other lights, horn, and audible
alarms are disabled.
3 Light selection lever Used to select between service and blackout light functions.
4 OFF All lights are off; horn and audible alarms operate.
5 STOP LIGHT Allows service stop light only to operate. All other lights are disabled.
6 SER DRIVE Allows service driving lights, turn signals, service stop lights, front and rear
work lights, service taillights, hazard flasher, and audible alarms to
function.
7 UNLOCK Position which allows service lights to be selected by light selection lever.
8 Unlock control lever When pulled upward and held, allows light selection lever to select service
STOP LIGHT, SER DRIVE, or BO DRIVE. Not needed for BO MARKER.
9 PARK Allows only interior lights to operate.
10 OFF All panel lights are disabled.
11 Panel control lever Used to select panel lights function.
12 DIM Panel lights are on but dim.
13 PANEL BRT Panel lights are on and bright.
Table 10. Audible Alarms.
NOTE
Audible alarms are disabled when light control switch is set to B.O. DRIVE,
B.O. MARKER, ALL OFF.
Not Audible alarms Alarm will sound for following conditions:
shown
a. Engine oil pressure is low.
b. Engine coolant temperature is high.
c. Parking brake is engaged and direction control lever is in
forward position or reverse position.
d. Seat is turned away from driving position and direction control
lever is in forward position or reverse position.
e. Direction control lever is in reverse position.
END OF WORK PACKAGE
0009-17/18 blank
TM 5-2420-231-10 0010
OPERATOR LEVEL
OPERATION OF BACKHOE LOADER (BHL) UNDER USUAL CONDITIONS
INITIAL SETUP:
Tools and Special Tools References

None WP 0004 thru WP 0009
WP 0012 and WP 0013
Materials/Parts WP 0022 and WP 0023
Duct tape (WP 0029, Item 33)
Equipment Condition
Personnel Required None
Two
BHL OPERATING PROCEDURES
Breaking In The BHL
NOTE
Before operating the BHL, perform all “Before” Preventive Maintenance Checks and Services
(PMCS) (WP 0022).
Upon receipt of the BHL or after engine rebuild/replacement, observe following break-in precautions during first
20 hours of operation.
a. Operate the BHL under Usual Conditions for first 8 hours.
b. Do not operate engine hard at stall speeds (wheels slowly turning or stopped and engine operating at full
throttle).
c. Keep engine at normal operating temperature (engine coolant temperature gage in green area).
d. Do not operate engine at idle speeds for more than 10 minutes.
0010-1
TM 5-2420-231-10 0010
BHL OPERATING PROCEDURES - Continued
Starting Engine
WARNING
Do not jump on or off the BHL. Always face the BHL, use handrails and steps, and use three
points of contact to get onto or off the BHL. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or
death to personnel.
CAUTION
If the BHL has not been operated for several weeks or engine oil filter has been replaced,
prime turbocharger with oil per Priming Turbocharger procedure below. Failure to comply
may result in damage to turbocharger.
NOTE
If engine fails to start after two attempts, allow battery to recover for 4 to 5 minutes before
repeating starting procedure (steps 6 thru 10 below).
For description and use of operator controls and indicators, refer to WP 0004 thru WP 0009.
1. Make sure seat is in normal driving position.
2. Adjust seat and fasten seat belt.
3. Engage parking brake.
4. Shift direction control lever to neutral position.
5. Make sure engine hand throttle is in idle position.
6. Turn starter key switch to ON position.
NOTE
If operating in blackout conditions, do not set light control switch to SER. DRIVE position.
Start engine, then set switch to appropriate setting.
7. Set light control switch to SER. DRIVE position. Audible alarm will sound.
NOTE
If engine grid heater indicator lamp illuminates, wait until lamp extinguishes before engaging
starter motor.
8. Make sure low engine oil pressure warning lamp and alternator warning lamp illuminate.
9. Make sure air filter restriction warning lamp and hydraulic oil filter warning lamp momentarily illuminate.
0010-2
TM 5-2420-231-10 0010
CAUTION
If engine starts and stops, do not actuate starter motor again until starter motor stops turning.
Failure to comply may result in damage to starter motor.
Do not actuate starter motor more than 30 seconds at one time. Let starter motor cool for 2
minutes before actuating again. While starter motor is actuated, white or black smoke must
be seen at exhaust pipe. If no smoke is seen, check fuel supply. Failure to comply may
result in damage to starter motor.
If audible alarm continues after several seconds, shut down engine and notify maintenance.
Failure to comply may result in damage to engine.
10. Push foot throttle 1/4 down and turn starter key switch to START position.
11. After engine starts, low engine oil pressure audible alarm should cease. Alternator and oil pressure
warning lamps should extinguish. Check instrument panel to make sure instrument readings are normal.
12. Operate engine at 1,000 rpm until coolant temperature is warm (engine coolant temperature gage in
green range) before moving the BHL.
Priming Turbocharger
CAUTION
prime turbocharger with oil per Priming Turbocharger procedure below. Failure to comply
may result in damage to turbocharger.
NOTE
3. Push and hold right side of fuel pump solenoid switch (Figure 1, Item 1) to disengage fuel pump and
prevent engine from starting.
4. From operator seat, turn starter key switch to START position and actuate starter motor for 10 seconds;
then turn starter key switch to OFF position.
5. Release fuel pump solenoid switch (Figure 1, Item 1) to engage injection pump solenoid.
6. Follow Starting Engine procedures to start engine.
0010-3
TM 5-2420-231-10 0010
Figure 1. Fuel Pump Solenoid Switch.
Parking The BHL And Shutting Engine Off
WARNING
Park the BHL on level ground whenever possible and engage parking brake. If the BHL must
be parked temporarily on hill, put front of the BHL toward bottom of hill. Make sure the BHL
is behind object that will not move. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to
personnel.
Do not jump on or off the BHL. Always face the BHL, use handrails and steps, and use three
points of contact to get onto or off the BHL. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or
death to personnel.
0010-4
TM 5-2420-231-10 0010
NOTE
1. Park the BHL on level ground.
2. Lower Front End Loader (FEL) bucket to ground.
3. Engage parking brake and shift direction control lever to neutral position.
CAUTION
Do not shut engine off at rpm higher than idle. Failure to comply may result in damage to
turbocharger.
4. Operate engine at idle speed for 2 minutes or more if engine has been operating at full load so engine
parts cool evenly.
5. Move backhoe into transport position or lower backhoe bucket to ground (WP 0012).
6. Turn starter key switch to OFF position to shut engine off.
7. Remove starter key.
8. Perform “After” PMCS (WP 0022).
Preparing The BHL For Operation
WARNING
Do not start engine until all other personnel are completely out of area. Failure to comply
Before operating the BHL, make sure service and parking brakes are operable. Failure to
Lock service brake pedals together when operating on road or with the gear selection control
lever in 3rd or 4th gear to provide equalized brake action. Failure to comply may result in
When operating off road it is recommended that vehicle speed be reduced to 7 mph (11 kph).
Operation of the vehicle over rough terrain for extended periods will result in excessive
vibration. Take periodic rest breaks for every two to three hours of continuous whole-body
vibration exposure; do not lift objects immediately after prolonged whole-body vibration
exposure; and leave the vehicle using simple egress motions. Failure to comply may result in
0010-5
TM 5-2420-231-10 0010
NOTE
x For description and use of operator controls and indicators, refer to WP 0004 thru
WP 0009.
x Before operating the BHL, perform all “Before” Preventive Maintenance Checks and
Services (PMCS) (WP 0022).
1. Adjust seat for most comfort; then fasten seat belt.
2. Make sure service brakes can be fully operated while sitting with seat belt fastened.
3. Start engine.
4. Decrease engine speed to idle when engine is warm and perform the following:
a. Check instrument panel to make sure instrument readings are normal.
b. Make sure backhoe is in transport position and stabilizers are raised.
c. Raise FEL about 2 feet (0.6m) above ground and roll bucket back against stops.
d. Test parking brake in open area on hard level surface as follows:
(1) Shift gear selection control lever to 3rd gear.
(2) Engage parking brake and shift direction control lever to forward position.
(3) Increase engine speed to 1,500 rpm. The BHL must not move.
(4) Adjust parking brake if the BHL moves (WP 0023).
5. Disengage parking brake and test service brakes in open area on hard level surface as follows:
a. Make sure service brake pedals are locked together.
b. Shift gear selection control lever to forward 2nd gear and disengage parking brake.
c. Shift direction control lever to forward position and increase engine speed to full throttle.
d. When the BHL is moving at full speed in 2nd gear, push service brakes and stop the BHL. The BHL
must stop smoothly and brake pedal effort must feel firm.
e. Notify field level maintenance for repair if required.
6. The BHL is now ready for operation.
7. Monitor “During” PMCS procedures.
0010-6
TM 5-2420-231-10 0010
Operating The BHL On Hill
WARNING
Hillside operations can be dangerous. Rain, mud, snow, ice, loose gravel, soft ground, etc.,
change ground conditions. Exercise care and use good judgment when operating the BHL
on hill or ramp. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to personnel.
Do not exceed front, aft, or side slopes in excess of 15% on hard firm ground. On ground
which is not solid, maximum slopes are less than 15%. Failure to comply may result in
Excessive speed may result in loss of control. Do not coast. Failure to comply may result in
Do not move the BHL downhill with direction control lever in neutral position or engine
speeds greater than 2,500 rpm. Loss of control may result. Failure to comply may result in
Always check service and parking brakes before working on hill. Failure to comply may
Before operating the BHL on hill, always shift gear selection control lever to lower gear and
test brakes. Do not let the BHL move downhill with direction control lever in neutral position.
Do not let engine speed increase greater than 2,500 rpm. Exercise care when using clutch
cutout switch when digging with the BHL on hill. Failure to comply may result in serious
Be careful when moving the BHL forward on hill. The BHL can go out of control and turn
over. Always position seat in loader position with seat belt fastened when driving the BHL
forward. Always engage parking brake and shift direction control lever to neutral position
before operating backhoe. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to
personnel.
Exercise care when using clutch cutout switch while operating the BHL on hill. When clutch
cutout switch is pushed, transmission is disengaged from drive wheels. Loss of control may
result. Use service brakes to stop the BHL. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or
death to personnel.
NOTE
1. Make sure transmission is in manual mode.
2. Operate the BHL in lower gears.
0010-7
TM 5-2420-231-10 0010
3. Keep engine speed below 2,500 rpm.
4. Avoid operating on front, aft, or side slopes in excess of 15% on hard firm ground (Figure 2). On ground
which is not solid, maximum slopes are less than 15%.
Figure 2. Operating on a Hill.
Loading The BHL Onto Trailer
WARNING
The BHL can slip and fall from trailer or ramp. Make sure trailer and ramp are not slippery.
Remove all oil, grease, ice, etc. Carefully move the BHL onto trailer with the BHL centered
on trailer and ramp. Make sure the BHL is properly secured. Failure to comply may result in
NOTE
Refer to unit standing operating procedures (SOP) for detailed guidance.
1. Fasten seat belt.
2. Start engine.
3. Make sure backhoe is in transport position and that swing lock pin is installed (WP 0012).
0010-8
TM 5-2420-231-10 0010
4. Raise FEL as required to clear obstacles.
5. Shift gear selection control lever to 1st gear and slowly drive the BHL onto trailer. Stop BHL.
6. Lower FEL bucket.
8. Take backhoe out of transport position (WP 0012).
9. Lower backhoe bucket.
10. Shut engine off and remove starter key.
11. When exhaust pipe is cool, tape exhaust opening with duct tape.
CAUTION
Make sure all cab windows are closed and latched. Failure to comply may result in wind
pressure damage to window glass or latches.
12. Close and latch all cab windows.
0010-9
TM 5-2420-231-10 0010
Unloading The BHL Off Trailer
WARNING
The BHL can slip and fall from trailer or ramp. Make sure trailer and ramp are not slippery.
Remove all oil, grease, ice, etc. Carefully move the BHL off trailer with the BHL centered on
trailer and ramp. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to personnel.
NOTE
Refer to unit SOP for detailed procedure.
1. Make sure chains and load binders securing the BHL to trailer are removed.
2. Make sure chocks are removed from the BHL front and rear wheels.
3. Remove tape from exhaust pipe.
4. Fasten seat belt and start engine.
5. Make sure backhoe is in transport position and that swing lock pin is installed (WP 0012).
6. Raise FEL bucket to clear obstacles.
7. Shift direction control lever to appropriate position.
8. Shift gear selection control lever to 1st gear.
9. Disengage parking brake and slowly drive the BHL off trailer.
END OF WORK PACKAGE
0010-10
TM 5-2420-231-10 0011
OPERATOR LEVEL
OPERATION OF FRONT END LOADER (FEL) UNDER USUAL CONDITIONS
INITIAL SETUP:

Materials/Parts Equipment Condition

Wiping rag (WP 0029, Item 27) None
Personnel Required
Two
0011-1
TM 5-2420-231-10 0011
FEL OPERATING PROCEDURES
Operating FEL Bucket
WARNING
Manually roll back FEL bucket before lowering. Material can spill out onto personnel. Failure
Operating the Backhoe Loader (BHL) with full FEL bucket on hill can cause the BHL to roll
over. If possible, avoid turning the BHL on hill. Always move forward up hill and always
backward down hill. Always keep load low for better balance and view of work area. Failure
Avoid contact with high voltage overhead power lines, buried power lines, or buried cables.
Keep all parts of the BHL at least 15 feet (4.6m) away from power sources. Failure to comply
Exercise care when using clutch cutout switch while operating the BHL on hill. When clutch
cutout switch is pushed, transmission is disengaged from drive wheels. Loss of control may
result. Use service brakes to stop the BHL. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or
death to personnel.
When traveling with a loaded bucket it is recommended that vehicle speed be reduced to 5
mph. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to personnel.
NOTE
1. On level ground with the BHL not moving, push and hold clutch cutout switch (Figure 1, Item 1) to allow
engine speed to increase and to supply more hydraulic fluid for FEL power and faster control reaction
time.
0011-2
TM 5-2420-231-10 0011
FEL OPERATING PROCEDURES - Continued
Figure 1. Clutch Cutout Switch.
NOTE
4-in-1 FEL bucket indicators are located on right side of FEL bucket. Bucket position
indicator (Figure 2, Item 1) shows correct bucket angle when bucket is used as dozer,
scraper, loader (standard bucket), or clamshell. Clamshell depth indicator (Figure 2, Item 2)
is used when bucket is in scraper position. Bucket opening or depth of cut is shown as 0 to 4
inches (0 to 102 mm).
Figure 2. 4-in-1 FEL Bucket Indicators.
0011-3
TM 5-2420-231-10 0011
2. Push down on clamshell lockout thumb control (Figure 1, Item 2) to unlock clamshell lockout control.
3. Position FEL bucket 1 foot (0.3 m) above ground and tilt bucket to desired position (dozer, scraper, loader
(standard bucket), or clamshell) (Figure 3).
4. Place FEL bucket in dozer position (Figure 3) so clamshell is wide open.
5. Tilt FEL bucket to scraper position (Figure 3) and open clamshell to desired depth of cut.
6. Close clamshell to loader position (standard bucket) (Figure 3) and lift up on clamshell lockout thumb
control to lock clamshell lockout control.
7. Push down on clamshell lockout thumb control to unlock clamshell lockout control and place FEL bucket
in clamshell position (Figure 3), position bucket over material, and open clamshell completely.
NOTE
FEL lift arms will continue to lower until bucket reaches ground or until lift arms and bucket
control lever is manually pivoted to NEUTRAL (HOLD).
8. Use RETURN-TO-DIG position on FEL control lever to position bucket for another dig cycle.
Figure 3. 4-in-1 FEL Bucket Operation.
0011-4
TM 5-2420-231-10 0011
Lifting With FEL
WARNING
Exercise care when lifting load using the BHL as crane. Do not exceed 7,800 lb (3538 kg)
load. Make sure rigging equipment has capacity to lift load and that no personnel are under
load. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to personnel.
1. Rotate FEL bucket forward.
2. Attach load to FEL lifting points (Figure 4, Item 1).
3. Slowly and carefully lift and move load.
Figure 4. FEL Lifting Points.
0011-5
TM 5-2420-231-10 0011
Removing FEL Bucket
WARNING
Exercise care when removing FEL bucket. Be sure FEL bucket is flat on ground and
hydraulic pressure is released. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to
personnel.
NOTE
FEL tool carrier allows operator to change bucket without using special tools or additional
personnel.
1. Dump material from FEL bucket.
2. Park the BHL on level ground. Lower FEL bucket flat on ground, and move backhoe into transport
position.
5. Shut engine off.
6. Toggle clamshell control pistol grip handle to release hydraulic pressure.
7. Disconnect removable quick-disconnect hydraulic connector (Figure 5, Item 1) by rotating knurled barrel
either direction 90° until notch (Figure 5, Item 3) in knurled barrel is alined with pin (Figure 5, Item 4) on
installed connector (Figure 5, Item 3). Slide knurled barrel and pull off removable quick-disconnect
hydraulic connector (Figure 5, Item 1). Repeat for second removable quick-disconnect hydraulic
connector.
8. Connect both removable quick-disconnect hydraulic connectors (Figure 5, Item 1) together.
9. Place both removable quick-disconnect hydraulic connectors (Figure 5, Item 1) on top and forward of FEL
bucket.
10. Start engine.
11. Push and hold left side of FEL tool carrier switch (Figure 5, Item 5) to retract both tool carrier lock pins
(Figure 5, Item 8).
12. Raise FEL bucket maximum 1 to 2 inches (25.4 to 50.8 mm) off ground and slowly rotate top of bucket
outward until both tool carrier lock pins (Figure 5, Item 8) are clear of bucket mounting bores.
13. Carefully lower FEL bucket to ground while rotating top of tool carrier outward.
0011-6
TM 5-2420-231-10 0011
14. Back the BHL away from FEL bucket when both upper mounting pins (Figure 5, Item 7) are free from
bucket upper mounting hooks (Figure 5, Item 6).
Figure 5. FEL Bucket Removal/Installation.
0011-7
TM 5-2420-231-10 0011
Installing FEL Bucket
WARNING
Exercise care when installing FEL bucket. Always position yourself in front of bucket when
connecting clamshell quick-disconnect hydraulic connectors. Failure to comply may result in
CAUTION
Both removable clamshell quick-disconnect hydraulic connectors must be placed on top and
forward of FEL bucket. Failure to comply may result in damage to connectors.
NOTE
FEL hydraulic quick coupler allows operator to change bucket without using special tools or
additional personnel.
1. Place both removable quick-disconnect hydraulic connectors (Figure 5, Item 1) on top and forward of FEL
bucket.
2. From operator seat, start engine.
3. Tilt FEL hydraulic quick coupler forward and engage both upper mounting pins (Figure 5, Item 7) in
bucket upper mounting hooks (Figure 5, Item 6).
4. Move the BHL forward several inches to make sure FEL bucket is fully engaged.
5. Push and hold left side of FEL tool carrier switch (Figure 5, Item 5) to retract both tool carrier lock pins
(Figure 5, Item 8).
6. Raise FEL lift arms and rotate tool carrier rearward until both tool carrier lock pins (Figure 5, Item 8) are
alined with bucket lower mounting bores.
7. Push and hold right side of FEL tool carrier switch (Figure 5, Item 5) to extend both tool carrier lock pins
(Figure 5, Item 8) in bucket mounting bores.
0011-8
TM 5-2420-231-10 0011
8. Visually confirm that FEL bucket is secured by both tool carrier pins (Figure 5, Item 8) and both mounting
pins (Figure 5, Item 7).
9. Lower FEL to ground.
10. Shut engine off.
11. Toggle clamshell control pistol grip handle to release hydraulic pressure.
12. Remove caps from installed quick-disconnect hydraulic connectors (Figure 5, Items 1 and 2).
13. Separate removable quick-disconnect hydraulic connectors (Figure 5, Items 1 and 2).
NOTE
Clamshell quick-disconnect hydraulic connectors are different sizes; connectors cannot be
installed incorrectly.
14. Clean all connectors with clean wiping rag.
15. Aline one pair (removable and installed) quick-disconnect hydraulic connectors (Figure 5, Items 1 and 2)
and do the following:
a. Aline notch (Figure 5, Item 3) in knurled barrel with pin (Figure 5, Item 4) on installed quick-
disconnect hydraulic connector (Figure 5, Item 2).
b. Push removable clamshell quick-disconnect hydraulic connector (Figure 5, Item 1) onto installed
quick-disconnect hydraulic connector (Figure 5, Item 2) until it snaps into place.
c. Rotate knurled barrel clockwise (CW) 90 degrees to lock into place.
16. Repeat step 14 above for other pair (removable and installed) quick-disconnect hydraulic connectors
(Figure 5, Items 1 and 2).
END OF WORK PACKAGE
0011-9/10 blank
TM 5-2420-231-10 0012
OPERATOR LEVEL
OPERATION OF BACKHOE UNDER USUAL CONDITIONS
INITIAL SETUP:

WP 0002, Table 5
Materials/Parts
Clevis (WP 0027, Item 4) Equipment Condition
None
Personnel Required
One
0012-1
TM 5-2420-231-10 0012
BACKHOE OPERATING PROCEDURES
Preparing Backhoe For Operation
WARNING
Before each period of operation, check that each backhoe control functions correctly. Failure
Engage parking brake and shift direction control lever to neutral position before turning
operator seat to backhoe position. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to
personnel.
Do not dig ground under backhoe stabilizers. The Backhoe Loader (BHL) can fall into
excavation if bank falls in. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to
personnel.
When operating backhoe on hill, use stabilizers to level the BHL and put earth from trench on
highest side of trench. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to personnel.
Avoid contact with high voltage overhead power lines, buried power lines, or buried cables.
Keep all parts of the BHL at least 15 feet (4.6m) away from power sources. Failure to comply
CAUTION
Exercise care when swinging backhoe completely to the side. In some positions, backhoe
can contact stabilizers. Failure to comply may result in damage to stabilizers.
0012-2
TM 5-2420-231-10 0012
BACKHOE OPERATING PROCEDURES - Continued
NOTE
Backhoe will dig more material in less time when smooth, short dig cycle is used. Keep each
dig cycle smooth.
Forcing backhoe bucket to dig a load that is too large will cause hydraulic stall. Main relief
valve of hydraulic system will make noise when hydraulic stall occurs. Hydraulic stall will
cause cycle times to be longer, hydraulic fluid temperature to increase, and fuel consumption
to increase.
3. Start engine.
NOTE
If required, position bottom of backhoe bucket flat on ground to avoid digging into surface
such as soft blacktop.
4. Dump material from Front End Loader (FEL) bucket and lower bucket to ground.
5. Using FEL loader controls, lower bucket to raise front wheels approximately 2 inches (5 cm) off ground.
6. Push bottom of ride control switch to off position.
7. Rotate seat to backhoe position.
8. Push top of pilot control switch to on position.
9. Lower stabilizers to waist high.
10. Push bottom of pilot control switch to off position.
0012-3
TM 5-2420-231-10 0012
NOTE
Use flipover stabilizer pad rubber side down for solid surfaces; use metal side down for soft
surfaces.
12. If necessary, set flipover stabilizer pads as follows (Figure 1):
a. Remove retaining pin (Figure 1, Item 1) and pin (Figure 1, Item 2) on each stabilizer pad (Figure 1,
Item 3).
b. Flip stabilizer pads (Figure 1, Item 3) and install pins (Figure 1, Item 2) and retaining pins (Figure 1,
Item 1).
Figure 1. Flipover Stabilizer Pads.
0012-4
TM 5-2420-231-10 0012
13. Remove swing lock pin (Figure 2, Item 1) from transport position and place in storage position.
14. Adjust backhoe control towers, adjust seat, and fasten seat belt.
15. Start engine.
16. Push top of pilot control switch to enable position.
17. Adjust engine rpm as required.
Figure 2. Swing Lock Pin.
0012-5
TM 5-2420-231-10 0012
WARNING
Lower stabilizers to operating position before lowering backhoe boom and extending dipper.
Front of the BHL can raise above ground and cause an accident. Failure to comply may
Position stabilizer pads for maximum stability when not operating backhoe next to a wall,
building, etc. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to personnel.
The BHL can become unstable and cause an accident if stabilizers are raised and tires and
backhoe bucket are not touching ground. Before raising stabilizers from operating position,
move backhoe into transport position and completely retract dipper and raise boom or make
sure tires are touching ground and put backhoe bucket on ground. Failure to comply may
18. Lower stabilizers to ground; then, use stabilizers to raise rear wheels several inches off ground.
19. Disengage parking brake.
NOTE
Two backhoe control patterns are available. Pattern 1 allows boom and swing control with
left backhoe control lever and dipper and bucket control with right backhoe control lever.
Pattern 2 allows dipper and swing control with left backhoe control lever and boom and
bucket control with right backhoe control lever.
20. Select desired control pattern (WP 0007).
21. Push down on backhoe boom latch release and at same time push backhoe control lever (pattern 1 or
pattern 2) forward to move boom forward to overcenter position.
22. When backhoe boom reaches overcenter position, pull backhoe control lever rearward to continue boom
movement forward. Return backhoe control to center position.
23. Backhoe is now in operating position.
0012-6
TM 5-2420-231-10 0012
24. If preparing to operate on a slope, observe the following warnings:
WARNING
Hillside operations can be dangerous. Rain, mud, snow, ice, loose gravel, soft ground, etc.,
change ground conditions. Exercise care and good judgment when operating on a hill or
ramp. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to personnel.
Make sure seat is in normal operating position and seat belt is fastened when moving BHL
forward on hill. Loss of control may result. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or
death to personnel.
Before operating backhoe, always engage parking brake and shift direction control lever to
neutral position. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to personnel.
Excessive speed can cause loss of control. Do not coast in neutral. Failure to comply may
Do not move the BHL downhill when direction control lever is in neutral position. Loss of
control may result. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to personnel.
Always check service brakes before working on hill. Failure to comply may result in serious
0012-7
TM 5-2420-231-10 0012
Digging With Backhoe
WARNING
Before operating backhoe, make sure all other personnel are away from danger area
(Figure 3). Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to personnel.
Before operating backhoe in area where visibility is reduced, such as next to a building,
always install guard rail and warning signs to keep all other personnel away from the BHL.
CAUTION
Do not backfill trench with backhoe by swinging bucket against soil. Failure to comply may
result in damage to backhoe.
Exercise care when swinging backhoe completely to the side. In some positions, backhoe
can contact stabilizers. Failure to comply may result in damage to stabilizers.
Figure 3. Danger Area.
0012-8
TM 5-2420-231-10 0012
1. Fill backhoe bucket by manipulating dipper and boom.
2. Keep bottom of backhoe bucket parallel with cut (Figure 4).
3. Let backhoe bucket teeth and cutting edge cut through ground like a knife blade. Type of material that is
being excavated determines depth of cut.
Figure 4. Backhoe Digging.
0012-9
TM 5-2420-231-10 0012
Moving The BHL Away From Excavation Site On Level Ground Using Backhoe
WARNING
Do not use backhoe bucket to move the BHL on a side slope. The BHL may topple. Failure
NOTE
1. Make sure front wheels are straight forward.
2. Decrease engine speed to 1,200 rpm.
3. Raise backhoe boom and retract dipper.
4. Move backhoe boom as required to put bucket teeth on firm ground.
5. Lower backhoe bucket to ground (Figure 5).
6. Raise stabilizers and FEL bucket about 1 foot (30 cm) above ground.
7. Use backhoe boom and dipper to move the BHL away from excavation. Move backhoe dipper out slowly
and at same time lower boom.
8. At new position, lower stabilizers and FEL bucket to ground and level the BHL.
Figure 5. Moving the BHL Using Backhoe.
0012-10
TM 5-2420-231-10 0012
Configuring Backhoe To Transport Position
CAUTION
Configure backhoe to transport position before using FEL or before moving the BHL on road
or highway. Failure to comply may cause damage to backhoe.
NOTE
1. Use swing controls and put backhoe bucket straight behind the BHL. Make sure swing lock holes are
alined.
2. Use hand throttle and set engine speed at approximately 1,200 rpm.
3. Retract backhoe dipper and curl in bucket.
NOTE
Two backhoe control patterns are available. Pattern 1 allows boom and swing control with
left backhoe control lever and dipper and bucket control with right backhoe control lever.
Pattern 2 allows dipper and swing control with left backhoe control lever and boom and
bucket control with right backhoe control lever.
4. Pull backhoe control lever (pattern 1 or pattern 2) rearward to move backhoe boom to rearward (toward
operator).
NOTE
Backhoe boom latch (Figure 6, Item 1) will automatically engage.
5. When backhoe boom reaches overcenter position, push backhoe control lever forward so boom
continues rearward to boom stop. Return backhoe control lever to center position.
Figure 6. Backhoe Boom Latch.
0012-11
TM 5-2420-231-10 0012
6. Decrease engine speed to idle.
8. Raise stabilizers.
9. Push bottom of pilot control switch to off position.
10. Install swing lock pin (Figure 6, Item 1).
12. Backhoe is now in transport position.
Lifting With Backhoe
WARNING
Use only clevis as described in this procedure when lifting loads. Sling can come out of
quick coupler and load can fall. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to
personnel.
Make sure rigging equipment has capacity to lift and move loads. Always check rigging
equipment each day for damaged or missing parts. Make sure all other personnel are away
from load as it is being moved. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to
personnel.
Backhoe is not a crane. Exercise care when lifting load with backhoe. Do not exceed rated
load capacity. Refer to WP 0002, Table 5, Backhoe Lifting Capacities, before lifting load with
backhoe. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to personnel.
1. Install clevis (Figure 7, Item 2) in backhoe lifting eye (Figure 7, Item 1).
2. Attach safety approved (rated at the load to be lifted) sling, cable, or chain to clevis (Figure 7, Item 2).
0012-12
TM 5-2420-231-10 0012
WARNING
Always know location of all other personnel in your working area. Failure to comply may
Be aware of and avoid all hazards and obstructions such as ditches, underground lines,
trees, cliffs, overhead electrical wires, or areas where there is danger of a slide. Never lift
loads in excess of capacity. Be aware that job site conditions may change on an hourly
basis. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to personnel.
NOTE
Make sure the BHL is parked on level ground. If ground is soft, put wide pads (for example,
sturdy wood boards) under each stabilizer pad, with rubber side down.
3. Lower FEL bucket to ground.
Figure 7. Backhoe Lifting Eye.
0012-13
TM 5-2420-231-10 0012
4. Lower stabilizers and raise the BHL so that both rear tires are about 1 to 2 inches (2.5 to 5 cm) above
ground.
WARNING
Make sure person holding handline is away from load. Failure to comply may result in
5. Connect handline to load before starting.
6. Test load stability before moving load as follows:
a. Position the BHL close to load.
b. Use safety approved (rated at the load to be lifted) sling, cable, or chain to fasten load to clevis
(Figure 7, Item 2) at end of backhoe dipper at lifting eye (Figure 7, Item 1).
c. Use backhoe to lift load 1 to 2 inches (2.5 to 5 cm) above ground.
d. Keep engine rpm as required for load.
e. Slowly swing load to one side.
f. Lower load to ground if one of the stabilizers lifts off ground or there is indication that stability of the
BHL is reduced.
WARNING
Do not move load over top of personnel. Keep all other personnel away from load. Failure to
Do not exceed rated load capacity for the BHL. Failure to comply may result in damage to
the BHL or serious injury to personnel.
7. Move load slowly and place in new location.
0012-14
TM 5-2420-231-10 0012
Removing Backhoe Bucket
WARNING
Do not leave the BHL when engine is operating. If external procedures require engine to be
operating, have another person help. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death
to personnel.
Make sure all other personnel are away from the BHL. Failure to comply may result in
NOTE
Backhoe hydraulic quick coupler allows operator to change backhoe bucket without using
special tools or additional personnel.
1. Park the BHL on level ground and lower FEL bucket to ground.
2. Lower stabilizers to ground and level the BHL.
3. Position backhoe bucket toward left or right of the BHL approximately 30 degrees (Figure 8).
4. Rotate backhoe bucket out halfway (boom and dipper approximately 90 degrees to each other) and lower
bucket to ground (Figure 8).
Figure 8. Backhoe Bucket, Boom, and Dipper.
0012-15
TM 5-2420-231-10 0012
NOTE
Left and right backhoe hydraulic quick coupler switches must be pushed at same time to
activate quick coupler.
5. Push top of both backhoe hydraulic quick coupler switches (Figure 9, Items 1 and 2) to retract both
hydraulic quick coupler lock pins (Figure 9, Item 3).
6. While holding down top of both backhoe hydraulic quick coupler switches (Figure 9, Items 1 and 2),
extend bucket cylinder to rotate quick coupler out of bucket.
Figure 9. Backhoe Bucket Removal.
0012-16
TM 5-2420-231-10 0012
Installing Backhoe Bucket
WARNING
Do not leave the BHL when engine is operating. If external procedures require engine to be
operating, have another person help. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death
to personnel.
Make sure all other personnel are away from the BHL. Failure to comply may result in
CAUTION
Do not use backhoe boom to move the BHL unless bucket is attached. Damage to hydraulic
quick coupler may result.
NOTE
1. Move backhoe into position to pick up bucket, with bucket off to left or right of the BHL approximately 30
degrees and with boom and dipper approximately 90 degrees to each other (Figure 8).
2. Retract backhoe bucket cylinder to engage bucket into hydraulic quick coupler.
NOTE
Left and right backhoe hydraulic quick coupler switches must be pushed at same time to
activate quick coupler.
3. Push top of both backhoe hydraulic quick coupler switches (Figure 10, Items 1 and 2) to retract both
hydraulic quick coupler pins (Figure 10, Item 4).
4. While holding down top of both backhoe hydraulic quick coupler switches (Figure 10, Items 1 and 2), lift
backhoe bucket to allow hook (Figure 10, Item 3) to rotate into locking position.
5. Push bottom of both backhoe hydraulic quick coupler switches (Figure 10, Items 1 and 2) to extend both
hydraulic quick coupler lock pins (Figure 10, Item 4).
6. Visually check that backhoe hydraulic quick coupler lock pins (Figure 10, Item 4) are fully extended into
bucket ears before operating.
0012-17
TM 5-2420-231-10 0012
Figure 10. Backhoe Bucket Installation.
END OF WORK PACKAGE
0012-18
TM 5-2420-231-10 0013
OPERATOR LEVEL
DECALS AND OPERATION INSTRUCTION PLATES
INITIAL SETUP:

None None

None None
Personnel Required
One
INTRODUCTION
The Backhoe Loader (BHL) decals and operation instruction plates are shown in Figure 1.
0013-1
TM 5-2420-231-10 0013
DECALS AND OPERATION INSTRUCTION PLATES
Figure 1. Decals and Operation Instruction Plates (Sheet 1 of 18).
0013-2
TM 5-2420-231-10 0013
DECALS AND OPERATION INSTRUCTION PLATES - Continued
0013-3
TM 5-2420-231-10 0013
0013-4
TM 5-2420-231-10 0013
0013-5
TM 5-2420-231-10 0013
0013-6
TM 5-2420-231-10 0013
0013-7
TM 5-2420-231-10 0013
0013-8
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0013-9
TM 5-2420-231-10 0013
0013-10
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0013-11
TM 5-2420-231-10 0013
0013-12
TM 5-2420-231-10 0013
0013-13
TM 5-2420-231-10 0013
0013-14
TM 5-2420-231-10 0013
0013-15
TM 5-2420-231-10 0013
0013-16
TM 5-2420-231-10 0013
0013-17
TM 5-2420-231-10 0013
0013-18
TM 5-2420-231-10 0013
END OF WORK PACKAGE
0013-19/20 blank
TM 5-2420-231-10 0014
OPERATOR LEVEL
OPERATION OF AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT
INITIAL SETUP:

None WP 0007

None None
Personnel Required
One
0014-1
TM 5-2420-231-10 0014
OPERATION OF AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT
WARNING
For the Backhoe Loader (BHL) attachments, read manufacturer’s instructions before
attaching hydraulic lines to avoid incorrect connection. Failure to comply may result in
damage to attachment or serious injury to personnel.
Three hydraulic lines are provided on backhoe dipper to attach auxiliary equipment. Two bi-directional self-
sealing quick-disconnect connectors (Figure 1, Items 2 and 3) are used with bi-directional attachments. One
uni-directional self-sealing quick-disconnect connector (Figure 1, Item 1) is used with uni-directional
attachment. Bi-directional auxiliary hydraulic switches (Figure 1, Item 4) on left backhoe control tower provide
control operation for auxiliary hydraulic equipment (WP 0007).
Figure 1. Backhoe Auxiliary Hydraulic Lines.
END OF WORK PACKAGE
0014-2
TM 5-2420-231-10 0015
OPERATOR LEVEL
OPERATION UNDER UNUSUAL CONDITIONS
INITIAL SETUP:

WP 0022 thru WP 0024
Materials/Parts
Detergent (WP 0029, Item 8) Equipment Condition
Wiping rag (WP 0029, Item 27) None
Tow strap (WP 0027, Item 11) (2)
Personnel Required
One
0015-1
TM 5-2420-231-10 0015
UNUSUAL ENVIRONMENT/WEATHER
Cold Weather Operation

WARNING
Do not jump on or off the Backhoe Loader (BHL). Always face the BHL, use handrails and
steps, and use three points of contact to get onto or off the BHL. Failure to comply may
The BHL is equipped with engine grid heater that will ignite flammable starting fluids. Do not
use starting fluids. Fire and explosion may occur. Failure to comply may result in serious
CAUTION
prime turbocharger with oil (WP 0010). Failure to comply may result in damage to
turbocharger.
NOTE
Open throttle fully when starting cold engine at temperatures below 29°F (–1°C).
If operator does not crank engine within 30 seconds after engine grid heater indicator lamp
extinguishes, starting procedure must be started over.
2. Make sure seat is in normal driving position.
3. Adjust seat and fasten seat belt.
5. Make sure engine hand throttle is in idle position.
6. Set light control switch to STOP LIGHT position.
7. Turn starter key switch to ON position and make sure the following instrument panel indicator and
warning lamps illuminate: engine grid heater, low engine oil pressure, alternator, air filter restriction,
and hydraulic oil filter.
0015-2
TM 5-2420-231-10 0015
UNUSUAL ENVIRONMENT/WEATHER - Continued
8. Wait for engine grid heater indicator lamp to extinguish.
CAUTION
If engine starts and stops, do not actuate starter motor again until starter motor stops turning.
Failure to comply may result in damage to starter motor.
Do not actuate starter motor more than 30 seconds at one time. Let starter motor cool for 2
minutes before actuating again. While starter motor is actuated, white or black smoke must
be seen at exhaust pipe. If no smoke is seen, check fuel supply. Failure to comply may
result in damage to starter motor.
NOTE
If engine fails to start after two attempts, allow battery to recover for 4 to 5 minutes before
repeating starting procedure (steps 7 thru 10 above).
9. Turn starter key switch to START position for a maximum of 30 seconds and hold until engine starts.
10. Release starter key switch.
11. If engine does not start after maximum of 30 seconds of cranking, wait 2 minutes and repeat starting
procedure (steps 7 thru 10 above).
12. After engine starts, check instrument panel to make sure instrument readings are normal.
13. Operate engine at 1,000 rpm until coolant temperature is warm (engine coolant temperature gage in
green range) before moving the BHL.
14. Actuate Front End Loader (FEL) or backhoe controls for approximately 10 minutes and until all cylinders
work smoothly and hydraulic oil is at operating temperature.
15. Before operation, move the BHL slowly in low gear.
0015-3
TM 5-2420-231-10 0015
Hot Weather Operation
WARNING
Operating vehicle in hot weather increases risk of heat stress. Heat stress impairs
performance. Drink lots of water. Work and rest in shade when possible. Use air
conditioning. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to personnel.
Prolonged exposure to bright sunlight produces very hot metal surfaces which will burn flesh
on contact. Wear gloves when contacting hot metal surfaces. Wear additional protective
clothing as required. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to personnel.
CAUTION
Mold, mildew, and fungus grow very quickly on glass, rubber, and leather surfaces in hot,
humid weather. Keep all glass, rubber, and leather surfaces clean and dry in hot humid
weather. Failure to comply may result in damage to these materials.
Hot, dry weather usually creates a great deal of dust. Pay extra attention to filters and
radiator. Make sure they do not become clogged. Lubrication may have to be performed
more often (WP 0022). Failure to comply may result in damage to equipment.
1. Keep coolant at correct level in coolant reservoir and radiator (WP 0023).
2. Use correct solution of antifreeze and water in cooling system (WP 0023).
3. Request field level maintenance test radiator cap before seasonal hot weather begins and replace as
required.
4. Clean dirt and debris from radiator and engine area (WP 0024).
5. Check condition of alternator and air conditioning belts (WP 0022).
6. Use lubricants of correct viscosity (WP 0022).
0015-4
TM 5-2420-231-10 0015
Soft Or Muddy Area Operation
CAUTION
Do not engage differential lock when the BHL is turning or when one rear wheel is rotating
faster than the other rear wheel. Engage differential lock only when the BHL is moving in
straight direction. Failure to comply may result in damage to rear axle.
NOTE
The differential lock should only be used temporarily to move the BHL through a soft or
muddy area. The differential lock will disengage automatically when the torque is released
from the machine.
1. Make sure the BHL is moving straight ahead and that rear wheels are rotating at same speed.
2. Push down differential lock switch (Figure 1, Item 1) and keep switch pushed down while the BHL moves
through soft or muddy area.
3. Release differential lock switch (Figure 1, Item 1) after the BHL has moved through area and keep engine
speed below 2,500 rpm.
Figure 1. Differential Lock Switch.
0015-5
TM 5-2420-231-10 0015
FORDING
WARNING
Do not enter water at more than walking speed of 5 miles per hour (8 km/h) with an entrance
and exit slope of more than 15 percent. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or
death to personnel.
Do not enter water with current velocity of more than 5 miles per hour (8km/h). This is
equivalent to 7 feet (2m) per second. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death
to personnel.
Do not enter water deeper than 20 inches (51 cm), including wave height (Figure 2). Failure
Do not enter water that has ice or large debris on surface. Failure to comply may result in
Check stream bottom for firmness and that there are no obstacles. Failure to comply may
Figure 2. Fording.
0015-6
TM 5-2420-231-10 0015
FORDING - Continued
NOTE
1. Check both entry and exit slopes for maximum angles of 15 percent.
2. Check that water velocity is no more than 5 miles per hour (8 km/h). This is equivalent to 7 feet (2m) per
second.
3. Check bottom of stream to make sure that it is firm enough to support the BHL and that it is free of
underwater obstacles.
4. Set 4WD switch (Figure 3, Item 1) to Four-Wheel Drive (4WD) position.
5. Enter water at no more than 5 miles per hour (8 km/h) and maintain an even speed.
6. When clear of stream and on level terrain, make several gradual stops to clear water from service brakes
and to be sure brakes work properly.
7. As soon as possible, open tool box, make sure it has drained properly, and dry off the tools with wiping
rag to prevent rust or deterioration.
8. After fording, lubricate front and rear drive shaft slip splines (WP 0022).
Figure 3. 4WD Switch.
0015-7
TM 5-2420-231-10 0015
DEGRADED OPERATION
Slave Starting Operation
WARNING
NATO slave receptacle is electrically live at all times and is unfused. NATO slave receptacle
is only dead when batteries are fully disconnected. Disconnect batteries before performing
maintenance on NATO slave receptacle. Failure to comply may result in damage to
equipment and serious injury or death to personnel.
Do not attempt to jump start or charge battery when electrolyte is frozen. Battery could
explode. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to personnel.
Batteries produce explosive gases. Keep sparks, flame, cigars, and cigarettes away.
Ventilate when charging or using in enclosed area. Always wear eye protection and
protective gloves when working near batteries. Failure to comply may result in serious
Remove all jewelry such as rings, identification tags, or bracelets when using slave cable. If
jewelry contacts slave cable or receptacle, arcing can occur. Failure to comply may result in
CAUTION
Do not allow vehicles to touch while slave-starting. Failure to comply may result in damage
to equipment.
NOTE
1. Position slave vehicle and disabled BHL close enough for cable hookup.
2. Shut slave vehicle engine off.
CAUTION
Make sure all electrical switches in both vehicles are turned to off position. Failure to comply
may result in damage to equipment.
3. Turn all electrical switches on both vehicles to off position.
4. Remove NATO slave receptacle covers (Figure 4, Item 1) from disabled BHL and slaving vehicle.
0015-8
TM 5-2420-231-10 0015
DEGRADED OPERATION - Continued
CAUTION
Use twisting motion when installing NATO slave cable to receptacle. Do not forcefully push
cable onto receptacle. Failure to comply may result in damage to receptacle mount.
5. Connect NATO slave cable to slave receptacle of both vehicles.
6. Start slave vehicle engine.
7. Start disabled BHL engine (WP 0010).
CAUTION
Use twisting motion when disconnecting NATO slave cable from receptacle. Do not forcefully
pull cable from receptacle. Failure to comply may result in damage to receptacle mount.
8. After disabled BHL engine starts, disconnect NATO slave cable from both vehicles.
NOTE
Apply detergent to inside of NATO slave receptacle covers before installing to aid in future
maintenance.
9. Install NATO slave receptacle covers (Figure 4, Item 1) onto both vehicles.
Figure 4. NATO Slave Receptacle.
0015-9
TM 5-2420-231-10 0015
Towing Disabled BHL
WARNING
Tow a disabled BHL in accordance with the instructions in this manual. Failure to comply
If the BHL is disabled, you must make a judgment if the BHL can be moved safely and
without causing damage. If possible, contact Field Maintenance to repair the disabled BHL at
the job site. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to personnel.
Towing vehicle must be at least as large as the disabled BHL and have sufficient power,
weight, and braking capability. The towing vehicle must be able to control both machines for
the grade, ground conditions, and distance required. Failure to comply may result in serious
Towing vehicle must have a towing pintle for maximum stability while towing. Failure to
Make sure tow straps have proper capacity to move the BHL safely. Failure to comply
Inspect tow straps for broken or missing parts, chafing, or wear before attaching. Check
wear identification strips on straps. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to
personnel.
Do not exceed towing speed of 5 miles per hour (8 km/h) under ideal ground conditions.
Adverse ground condition requires slower speed. Failure to comply may result in serious
When BHL is being towed, operator must be in operator's seat, with seat belt fastened, to
maintain steering and braking control of the BHL. Failure to comply may result in serious
Do not allow operator on disabled BHL unless it has steering and braking capability. The
BHL may break away from tow. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to
personnel.
Make sure all necessary personnel nearby are shielded in event towing apparatus might
break. Make sure all other personnel are completely out of area. The BHL
may break away from tow. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to
personnel.
Tow straps which have not been properly stowed in a canvas bag may have been damaged
by ultraviolet light, and should not be used. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or
death to personnel.
0015-10
TM 5-2420-231-10 0015
CAUTION
If the FEL, backhoe, or stabilizers cannot be raised, contact Field Maintenance for BHL
recovery. Failure to comply may result in damage to equipment.
Do not attempt to start engine by towing the BHL. Failure to comply may result in damage to
equipment.
Only tow the BHL far enough to reach safe repair location or onto trailer. Do not tow more
than one mile (1.6 km). Failure to comply may result in damage to equipment.
Tow straps should be attached only to the front tiedown brackets, or if necessary, to each
side of the front axle. Do not allow the tow straps to contact the steering linkages. Failure to
comply may result in damage to equipment.
NOTE
1. Inspect both tow straps as follows:
a. Check straps for holes, cuts, snags, or embedded particles.
b. Check for broken or worn stitching.
c. Check for excessive wear, knots, or damage to the loop eyes.
d. Check that red thread is not visible in the strap webbing.
e. Check for evidence of excessive ultraviolet light exposure, including bleaching of the strap color,
increased brittleness of the material, or surface abrasions in areas not normally in contact with the
BHL or towing vehicle.
f. Do not use tow straps if any of the above conditions are found.
4. Set 4WD switch to neutral position.
5. On uneven ground, block front and rear wheels with wheel chocks.
6. Start engine. Raise FEL, backhoe, and stabilizers off ground, into transport position. Shut engine off.
0015-11
TM 5-2420-231-10 0015
7. Attach tow straps to the disabled BHL only at the front tiedown brackets (Figure 5, Item 1), or if
necessary, to each side of the front axle (Figure 5, Item 2). Do not allow the towing attachments to
contact the steering linkages (Figure 5, Item 3). Attach to towing pintle on towing vehicle.
8. Start engine. Remove wheel chocks and disengage parking brake. Use towing vehicle to slowly take out
slack in towing attachments.
9. Confirm disabled BHL has braking and steering capability. Leave disabled BHL engine running, if
possible. The BHL is now ready to be towed.
10. Tow disabled BHL at maximum speed of 5 miles per hour (8 km/h) under ideal ground conditions for no
more than one mile (1.6 km).
Figure 5. Towing the BHL.
END OF WORK PACKAGE
0015-12
TM 5-2420-231-10 0016
OPERATOR LEVEL
STOWAGE AND DECAL/DATA PLATE GUIDE
INTRODUCTION
This work package illustrates the locations for the Backhoe Loader (BHL) equipment stowage and decals and
data plates. Detailed information on each decal/data plate is also provided.
STOWAGE GUIDE
There is no stowage guide required for the BHL.
DECAL/DATA PLATE GUIDE
The BHL equipment data plate locations are shown in Figure 1. Specific requirements for each item are also
shown.
Figure 1. Data Plate Locations (Sheet 1 of 2).
0016-1
TM 5-2420-231-10 0016
DECAL/DATA PLATE GUIDE - Continued
Figure 1. Data Plate Locations (Sheet 2 of 2).
END OF WORK PACKAGE
0016-2
TM 5-2420-231-10 0017
OPERATOR LEVEL
ON-VEHICLE EQUIPMENT LOADING PLAN
INTRODUCTION
This work package illustrates/lists user equipment and its location on the Backhoe Loader (BHL).
0017-1
TM 5-2420-231-10 0017
ILLUSTRATED LOADING PLAN LIST
The BHL equipment loading locations are shown in Figure 1, and equipment is listed in Table 1.
Figure 1. Loading Plan Locations.
0017-2
TM 5-2420-231-10 0017
ILLUSTRATED LOADING PLAN LIST - Continued
Table 1. Loading Plan List.
ITEM NO. ITEM NAME

1 Tool bag (stowed behind cargo net)
2 18-foot tow straps (2 ea) (stowed in tool bag)
CAUTION
Do not stow items with sharp edges in cargo net. Sharp edges will damage
side windows.
3 Cargo net (inside right window)
4 Fire extinguisher (to right of operator seat)
5 Following items located in Technical Manual (TM) storage box (below instrument panel):
Cotton duck case
Operator’s manual, TM 5-2420-231-10
Tire pressure gage
6 Following items located in tool box:
Clevis
Grease gun adapter
Hand lubricating gun with grease cartridge
7 Rifle mounting bracket for M16A2 rifle or M4 carbine (mounted forward of door)
END OF WORK PACKAGE
0017-3/4 blank
TM 5-2420-231-10
CHAPTER 3
TROUBLESHOOTING PROCEDURES
FOR
WORK PACKAGE INDEX
TROUBLESHOOTING INDEX .............................................................................................................................0018

TROUBLESHOOTING PROCEDURES ..............................................................................................................0019
TM 5-2420-231-10 0018
OPERATOR LEVEL
TROUBLESHOOTING INDEX
TROUBLESHOOTING INDEX
Malfunction/Symptom Work Package and Page No.
ENGINE
1. Engine does not crank.............................................................................................................................. 0019-2

2. Engine cranks but does not start.............................................................................................................. 0019-2
3. Engine cuts out or lacks power ................................................................................................................ 0019-3
4. Engine overheats...................................................................................................................................... 0019-3
5. Engine is operating but with abnormal noise ........................................................................................... 0019-4
6. Engine produces excessive black or grey smoke .................................................................................... 0019-4
7. Engine produces excessive blue smoke .................................................................................................. 0019-4
8. Engine produces excessive white smoke ................................................................................................ 0019-4
STEERING
Steering is difficult............................................................................................................................................. 0019-4
BRAKES
1. Braking is not even ................................................................................................................................... 0019-5

2. Parking brake does not hold..................................................................................................................... 0019-5
3. All other brake problems .......................................................................................................................... 0019-5
TRANSMISSION
Transmission does not shift properly or slips ................................................................................................... 0019-5
HYDRAULICS
1. Hydraulic action erratic............................................................................................................................. 0019-5

2. Hydraulic oil filter warning lamp illuminates ............................................................................................. 0019-5
FRONT END LOADER (FEL)
1. FEL does not operate ............................................................................................................................... 0019-5

2. FEL action erratic ..................................................................................................................................... 0019-5
BACKHOE
1. Backhoe does not operate ....................................................................................................................... 0019-6

2. Backhoe action erratic.............................................................................................................................. 0019-6
0018-1
TM 5-2420-231-10 0018
TROUBLESHOOTING INDEX - Continued
Malfunction/Symptom Work Package and Page No.
COOLING SYSTEM
Cooling system overheats ................................................................................................................................ 0019-6
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
1. Any lights do not operate.......................................................................................................................... 0019-7

2. All lights dim with engine shut off ............................................................................................................. 0019-7
3. All lights dim with engine operating .......................................................................................................... 0019-7
AIR CONDITIONER
Air is not cool .................................................................................................................................................... 0019-7
END OF WORK PACKAGE
0018-2
TM 5-2420-231-10 0019
OPERATOR LEVEL
INITIAL SETUP:

WP 0015
Materials/Parts WP 0023 and WP 0024
None
Equipment Condition
Personnel Required None
Two
INTRODUCTION
This work package contains troubleshooting information with a list of symptoms, malfunctions, tests/
inspections, and corrective actions required to return the Backhoe Loader (BHL) to normal operation
(Table 1). The tests/inspections and corrective actions should be performed in the order listed. If the first
corrective action step is normal, proceed to the next step. The corrective actions will refer to either a work
package in this manual or to field level maintenance. Troubleshooting procedures in this manual cannot list
all possible malfunctions or tests/inspections required for corrective action. If a symptom/malfunction is not
listed or is not corrected by the listed corrective action, notify field level maintenance.
NOTE
0019-1
TM 5-2420-231-10 0019
Table 1. Troubleshooting Procedures.
SYMPTOM MALFUNCTION CORRECTIVE ACTION:

ENGINE
1. Engine does not crank. 1. Direction control lever not in Shift direction control lever to neutral
neutral position. position.
2. Battery weak or faulty. a. With starter key switch in ON position,
check voltmeter gage. Needle should
be in green range (11 to 15.3 volts). If
needle is not in green range, go to
step b below.
b. Check exterior lights for indication of
sufficient battery power. If lights are
dim, go to step c below.
WARNING
Batteries produce explosive gases. Keep
sparks, flames, cigars, and cigarettes
away from batteries. Ventilate when
charging or using in enclosed area. Wear
eye protection and protective gloves
when working near batteries. Wash
hands after handling. Failure to comply
may result in serious injury or death to
personnel.
Metal jewelry can conduct electricity.

Remove metal jewelry when near
batteries. Failure to comply may result in
c. Check battery connections for

looseness, damage, or corrosion. If
any of these conditions exist, notify
field level maintenance.
d. Slave-start the BHL (WP 0015).
e. If problem persists, notify field level
maintenance.
2. Engine cranks but does 1. Faulty engine grid heater (cold Check if engine grid heater indicator lamp
not start. weather only). fails to illuminate or does not extinguish
(WP 0015). If conditions exist, notify field
level maintenance.
0019-2
TM 5-2420-231-10 0019
TROUBLESHOOTING PROCEDURES - Continued
Table 1. Troubleshooting Procedures - Continued.

ENGINE - Continued
2. Engine cranks but does 2. Fuel system clogged or Check for sediment or water in fuel filter
not start - Continued. moisture in fuel. and remove as required (WP 0023).
3. No fuel in tank. Refuel.
4. Air filter clogged. Check air filter restriction warning lamp.
If illuminated, notify field level mainte-
nance.
3. Engine cuts out or lacks 1. Air filter clogged. Check air filter restriction warning lamp.
power. If illuminated, notify field level
maintenance.
2. Idle rpm too low (should be Check idle rpm. If too low, notify field
850 to 1,000 rpm). level maintenance.
3. Fuel system clogged or Check for sediment or water in fuel filter
moisture in fuel. and remove as required (WP 0023).
4. Engine overheats. 1. Low engine oil pressure. Check low engine oil pressure warning
lamp. If illuminated, shut engine off
immediately and notify field level
maintenance.
WARNING
Eye protection is required when working
with compressed air. Compressed air
can propel particles at high velocity and
injure eyes. Do not exceed 15 psi
(103 kPa) when using compressed air.
Failure to comply may result in serious
2. Debris blocking radiator fins. Clean radiator from inside engine
compartment with low pressure air blown
toward front of the BHL.
3. Coolant level low. Check coolant level and add as required
(WP 0023).
4. Engine oil level low. Check engine oil level and add as
required (WP 0023).
0019-3
TM 5-2420-231-10 0019

ENGINE - Continued
4. Engine overheats - 5. Alternator or air conditioning a. Check for excessive slack in belts. If
Continued. belt slack (can easily be slack, notify field level maintenance.
moved by hand), worn, or
frayed.
b. Check for loose, worn, or frayed belts.
If conditions exist, notify field level
maintenance.
CAUTION
Shut engine off immediately. Failure to
comply may result in damage to equip-
ment.
5. Engine is operating but 1. Fuel system clogged or Check for sediment or water in fuel filter
with abnormal noise. moisture in fuel. and remove as required (WP 0023).
2. Engine oil level low. a. Check engine oil level and add as
required (WP 0023).
b. If problem persists, notify field level
maintenance.
6. Engine produces 1. Air filter clogged. Check air filter restriction warning lamp.
excessive black or grey If illuminated, notify field level mainte-
smoke. nance.
2. Engine oil overfilled. Check engine oil for overfilling. If
overfilled, notify field level maintenance.
7. Engine produces Engine oil overfilled. Check engine oil for overfilling (WP
excessive blue smoke. 0023). If overfilled, notify field level
maintenance.
8. Engine produces Coolant level low. a. Check engine coolant level and add
excessive white smoke. as required (WP 0023).
maintenance.
STEERING
Steering is difficult. Steering reservoir fluid level low. Check reservoir fluid level. If low, notify
0019-4
TM 5-2420-231-10 0019

BRAKES
WARNING
Before operating the BHL, make sure
service and parking brakes are operable
(WP 0010). Failure to comply may result
1. Braking is not even. Foot pedal lock pin not properly Fully engage foot pedal lock pin.
engaged.
2. Parking brake does not Parking brake out of adjustment. Adjust parking brake (WP 0023).
hold.
3. All other brake problems. All other brake problems. Notify field level maintenance.
TRANSMISSION
Transmission does not shift 1. Kickdown switches do not Operate kickdown switches to select
properly or slips. select manual/automatic mode. manual mode or automatic mode.
2. Transmission fluid level low. a. Check transmission fluid level and
add as required (WP 0023).
maintenance.
HYDRAULICS
1. Hydraulics action erratic. Hydraulic fluid level low/system a. Check for leaks or low hydraulic fluid
leaking. level and add as required (WP 0023).
b. If hydraulic system is leaking, notify
2. Hydraulic oil filter warning Filter clogged. Notify field level maintenance.
lamp illuminates.
1. FEL does not operate. 1. Fuse burned out. Check fuse (WP 0023). If faulty, notify
2. Hydraulic pressure low. Check hydraulic oil filter warning lamp. If
illuminated, notify field level maintenance.
3. Hydraulic fluid level low. a. Check for leaks or low hydraulic fluid
level and add as required (WP 0023).
2. FEL action erratic. 1. Engine cold (more noticeable Allow engine to warm up properly.
in cold weather).
2. Hydraulics cold (more Allow FEL hydraulics to warm up properly
noticeable in cold weather). by easy, gradual exercise of controls.
0019-5
TM 5-2420-231-10 0019

- Continued
2. FEL action erratic - 3. Hydraulic fluid level low. a. Check for leaks or low hydraulic fluid
Continued. level and add as required (WP 0023).
BACKHOE
1. Backhoe does not 1. Fuse burned out. Check fuse (WP 0023). If faulty, notify
operate. field level maintenance.
2. Hydraulic pressure low. Check hydraulic oil filter warning lamp. If
illuminated, notify field level maintenance.
2. Backhoe action erratic. 1. Engine cold (more noticeable Allow engine to warm up properly.
in cold weather).
2. Hydraulics cold (more Allow backhoe hydraulics to warm up
noticeable in cold weather). properly by easy, gradual exercise of
controls.
COOLING SYSTEM
Cooling system overheats. 1. Coolant level low. Check coolant level and add as required
(WP 0023).
2. Debris blocking radiator. Clean debris from radiator (WP 0024).
3. Alternator belt slipping. Check belt. If slipping, notify field level
maintenance.
0019-6
TM 5-2420-231-10 0019

ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
1. Any lights do not operate. Fuse burned out. Check fuse (WP 0023). If faulty, notify
2. All lights dim with engine 1. Battery charge low. If BHL will not start, attempt to slave-start
shut off. the BHL (WP 0015) and allow battery to
charge. Monitor voltmeter gage for
reading in normal range.
2. Battery cables corroded/loose. Check for corroded/loose battery cables.
If corroded/loose, notify field level
maintenance.
3. All lights dim with engine Alternator belt slipping. a. Check voltmeter gage. Needle should
operating. be in green range (11 to 15.3 volts).
b. If needle is not in green range, notify
AIR CONDITIONER
Air is not cool. 1. Controls not set properly. a. Turn heater switch fully counter-
clockwise (CCW).
b. Turn air conditioning temperature
switch fully clockwise (CW).
c. Open recirculation grill.
2. Cab air filter clogged. Clean air filter (WP 0023).
3. Air conditioning condenser Clean condenser (WP 0024).
(located forward of radiator)
clogged.
END OF WORK PACKAGE
0019-7/8 blank
TM 5-2420-231-10
CHAPTER 4
MAINTENANCE INSTRUCTIONS
FOR
WORK PACKAGE INDEX
SERVICE UPON RECEIPT..................................................................................................................................0020

PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE CHECKS AND SERVICES (PMCS) INTRODUCTION....................................0021
PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE CHECKS AND SERVICES(PMCS), INCLUDING LUBRICATION
INSTRUCTIONS..............................................................................................................................................0022
SERVICING ..........................................................................................................................................................0023
CLEANING ...........................................................................................................................................................0024
PREPARATION FOR SHIPMENT AND STORAGE ...........................................................................................0025
TM 5-2420-231-10 0020
OPERATOR LEVEL
SERVICE UPON RECEIPT
INITIAL SETUP:

None WP 0022
DA Form 5988-E
Materials/Parts DA PAM 738-750
Cleaning compound (WP 0028, Item 4) DD Form 1397
Wiping rag (WP 0029, Item 27) DD Form 314
SF 361
Personnel Required SF 368
One
Equipment Condition
None
SERVICE UPON RECEIPT OF MATERIAL
1. Read and follow all instructions on DD Form 1397 attached to conspicuous part of the Backhoe Loader
(BHL).
WARNING
Wear protective clothing and gloves when removing packing materials and protective
coatings. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to personnel.
2. Remove metal strapping, plywood, tapes, seals, and wrappings, if necessary.
3. Remove rust preventive compound from coated exterior parts with cleaning compound and wiping rag.
4. Inspect equipment for damage incurred during shipment. If equipment has been damaged, report
damage on SF 361, Transportation Discrepancy Report.
5. Check equipment against packing slip to see if shipment is complete. Report all discrepancies per
applicable service instructions (DA PAM 738-750).
6. Check to see if equipment has been modified.
PRELIMINARY CHECKS AND ADJUSTMENT OF EQUIPMENT
1. Inspect equipment for possible damage incurred during shipment. If equipment has been damaged,
report damage on SF 368, Product Quality Deficiency Report.
2. Check equipment against packing slip to see if shipment is complete. Report all differences using
procedure given in DA PAM 738-750.
0020-1
TM 5-2420-231-10 0020
PRELIMINARY CHECKS AND ADJUSTMENT OF EQUIPMENT - Continued
3. Perform Preventive Maintenance Checks and Services (PMCS) (WP 0022).
4. Request field level maintenance perform initial services.
5. Schedule next PMCS on DD Form 314, Preventive Maintenance Schedule and Record.
6. Report all deficiencies on DA Form 5988-E, Equipment Inspection and Maintenance Worksheet
(automated), if deficiencies appear to involve unsatisfactory design.
END OF WORK PACKAGE
0020-2
TM 5-2420-231-10 0021
OPERATOR LEVEL
PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE CHECKS AND SERVICES (PMCS) INTRODUCTION
INTRODUCTION
PMCS are performed to keep the Backhoe Loader (BHL) in operating condition. Inspect the BHL within
specified intervals so defects are found and corrected or problems are reported before any serious damage
or failure occurs. Do the PMCS as shown in the PMCS table (WP 0022). Pay attention to WARNINGs,
CAUTIONs, and NOTEs. A WARNING means someone could be hurt. A CAUTION means equipment could
be damaged. A NOTE is used to highlight essential procedures, conditions, or statements, or convey
important instructional data to the user.
NOTE
Designated intervals are performed under usual operating conditions. PMCS intervals must
be performed more frequently when operating under unusual conditions.
1. Always perform preventive maintenance in the same order so it gets to be a habit.
2. Tools included with the BHL are to be used when doing the PMCS. Wiping rags (WP 0029, Item 28) are
needed to remove dirt or grease.
3. If you find something wrong when performing the PMCS, fix it if you can, using troubleshooting
procedures (WP 0019) and/or maintenance procedures.
4. If something appears to be wrong and you cannot repair it, write it down on your DA Form 5988-E. If you
find something seriously wrong, report it to field level maintenance as soon as possible.
5. Item numbers in column 1 of the PMCS table indicate the PMCS sequence. Use these item numbers for
the TM number column on DA Form 5988-E.
6. Information in column 5 of the PMCS table lists conditions that make the equipment not ready/available.
Write up items not repaired on DA Form 5988-E for field level maintenance. For further information on
how to use these forms, see DA PAM 738-750.
CORROSION PREVENTION AND CONTROL (CPC)
CPC of Army materiel is a continuing concern. It is important that any corrosion problems with this item be
reported so that the problem can be corrected and improvements can be made to prevent the problem in
future systems. While corrosion is typically associated with rusting of metals, it can also include deterioration
of other materials, such as rubber and plastic. Unusual cracking, softening, swelling, or breaking of these
materials may be a corrosion problem. If a corrosion problem is identified, it can be reported using SF 368,
Product Quality Deficiency Report. Use of key words such as corrosion, rust, deterioration, or cracking will
ensure that the information is identified as a CPC problem. The form should be submitted to the address
specified in DA PAM 738-750.
0021-1
TM 5-2420-231-10 0021
INSPECTION
Look for signs of a problem or trouble. You can feel, smell, hear, or see many problems. Be alert when in or
around the BHL.
Inspect the BHL to see if items are in good condition. Are they correctly assembled, stowed, and secured;
excessively worn, leaking, or corroded; or properly lubricated? Correct any problems found or notify field
level maintenance.
There are some common items to check all over the BHL. These include the following:
1. Dirt, grease, oil, and debris: They only get in the way and may cover up a serious problem. Keep the
equipment clean. Clean as you work and as needed. Use cleaning compound (WP 0029, Item 4) and a
wiping rag (WP 0029, Item 28) to clean metal surfaces. Use soap and water to clean rubber, plastic, or
glass.
2. Bolts, clamps, nuts, and screws: Continuously check for looseness. Look for chipped paint, bare metal,
rust, or corrosion around bolt and screw heads and nuts. Notify field level maintenance when you find
them loose.
3. Welds: Many items on the BHL are welded. To check these welds, look for chipped paint, rust,
corrosion, or gaps. When these conditions exist, notify field level maintenance on DA Form 5988-E.
WARNING
Battery posts, terminals, and related accessories contain lead and lead compounds. Wash
hands after handling. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to personnel.
Batteries contain sulfuric acid which causes severe burns. Avoid contact with eyes, skin, or
clothing. Always wear eye protection and protective gloves when working near batteries.
4. Electrical wires, connectors, and harnesses: Tighten loose connectors. Look for cracked or broken
insulation, bare wires, and broken connectors.
0021-2
TM 5-2420-231-10 0021
INSPECTION - Continued
WARNING
Make sure hydraulic fluid or grease is not injected into skin. Keep hands and body away
from any pressurized leak. Use cardboard or paper to check for leaks. If fluid is injected into
skin, SEEK MEDICAL ATTENTION IMMEDIATELY. Failure to comply may result in serious
Fuel is flammable and toxic to eyes, skin, and respiratory tract. Avoid contact with eyes, skin,
and clothing. Always wear eye protection and protective gloves when working with fuel.
Avoid repeated/prolonged contact. Use only in ventilated areas. Keep away from open
flames or other sources of ignition. Post FUEL FLAMMABLE/NO SMOKING signs around
area. Make sure fire extinguisher is available. Failure to comply may result in serious injury
5. Hoses and fluid lines: Check hoses and fluid lines for wear, damage, and leaks. Check for cuts,
abrasion, or exposed wire braid on hoses. Ensure clamps and fittings are tight.
6. Hinges: Check hinges for security and operation.
7. Data plates: Check data, caution, and warning plates for security and legibility.
8. Cylinders: Check for scoring, pitting, scratches, rust, or other damage.
WARRANTY HARDTIME STATEMENT
For equipment under manufacturer’s warranty, hardtime oil service intervals shall be followed. Intervals shall
be shortened if lubricants are known to be contaminated or if operation is under adverse conditions (such as
longer-than-usual operating hours, extended idling periods, extreme dust).
FLUID LEAKAGE
It is necessary for you to know how fluid leakage affects the status of the BHL. The following are
types/classes of leakage you need to know to be able to determine the status of the BHL. Learn these
leakage definitions and remember – when in doubt, notify your supervisor.
CAUTION
Equipment operation is allowed with minor leakages (Class I or II), except for fuel which is not
allowed any leakage. Consideration must be given to fluid capacity in the item/system being
checked/inspected. When in doubt, notify your supervisor. Failure to comply may result in
damage to equipment.
When operating with Class I or II leaks, continue to check fluid levels as required in the PMCS.
0021-3
TM 5-2420-231-10 0021
FLUID LEAKAGE - Continued
Class III leaks should be reported immediately to your supervisor.
(1) Class I – Seepage of fluid (as indicated by wetness or discoloration) not great enough to form drops.
(2) Class II – Leakage of fluid great enough to form drops but not enough to cause drops to drip from
item being checked/inspected.
(3) Class III – Leakage of fluid great enough to form drops that fall from item being checked/inspected.
PMCS COLUMN DESCRIPTIONS
ITEM NO. – Lists order in which PMCS should be performed; also used as a source of item numbers for the
TM number column on DA Form 5988-E when recording results of PMCS.
INTERVAL – Indicates when each check is to be performed.
ITEM TO BE CHECKED OR SERVICED – Lists item to be checked or serviced.
PROCEDURE – Provides brief description of procedure as well as any information required to accomplish
each check or service.
EQUIPMENT NOT READY/AVAILABLE IF – Lists condition in which the BHL should not be operated or
accepted.
END OF WORK PACKAGE
0021-4
TM 5-2420-231-10 0022
OPERATOR LEVEL
PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE CHECKS AND SERVICES (PMCS),
INCLUDING LUBRICATION INSTRUCTIONS
INITIAL SETUP:
Tools and Special Tools Personnel Required

None Two (for checking external lights)
Materials/Parts References
Antifreeze (WP 0029, Item 1) WP 0004 thru WP 0012
Automotive grease WP 0023 and WP 0024
(WP 0029, Item 15) WP 0027, Table 2
Diesel/turbine fuel (WP 0029, Items 10 thru 13)
Engine lubricating oil (WP 0029, Items 20 thru Equipment Condition
23) BHL parked on level ground (WP 0010)
Hydraulic fluid (WP 0029, Item 16) FEL bucket lowered to ground (WP 0010)
Transmission fluid (WP 0029, Item 17) Backhoe in transport position (WP 0010)
Windshield washer solvent (WP 0029, Item 28) Parking brake engaged (WP 0010)
Wiping rag (WP 0029, Item 27) Engine shut off (WP 0010)
PMCS
NOTE
There are no mandatory replacement parts required for these PMCS procedures.
Figure 1 shows the general sequence in which the PMCS is performed which will help to complete the
Before, During, and After PMCS. Table 1 contains the PMCS procedures.
Figure 1. PMCS Walkaround Diagram.
0022-1
TM 5-2420-231-10 0022
PMCS - Continued
Table 1. PMCS.
ITEM TO BE EQUIPMENT NOT

ITEM CHECKED OR READY/
NO. INTERVAL SERVICED PROCEDURE AVAILABLE IF:
1 Before Backhoe Loader 1. Check underneath the BHL for Any fuel leaks or
(BHL) exterior signs of fluid leaks (fuel, oil, Class III leakage of
transmission, hydraulic fluid, or oil, transmission fluid,
coolant. hydraulic fluid, or
coolant.
2. Check for missing or loose bolts
or nuts.
3. Check exterior for cracks or
damage.
2 Before Left rear tire and 1. Check tire for uneven or ex- Tire has excessive
wheel cessive wear, large cuts, other damage or wear, low
damage, or low pressure (below pressure, or does not
38 psi (262 kPa)). hold air.
2. Check wheel for damage. Wheel damaged.
3. Check for loose or missing lug Any loose or missing
nuts. lug nuts
3 Before Right rear tire and 1. Check tire for uneven or ex- Tire has excessive
nuts. lug nuts.
4 Before Hydraulic tank 1. Check for hydraulic fluid between Hydraulic fluid level
ADD and FULL marks on sight low.
gage and add hydraulic fluid as
required (WP 0023).
2. Check for leaks. Class III leaks.
5 Before Right front tire and 1. Check tire for uneven or ex- Tire has excessive
3. Check steering cylinder for Steering cylinder
damage. damaged.
nuts. lug nuts.
0022-2
TM 5-2420-231-10 0022
PMCS - Continued
Table 1. PMCS - Continued.

6 Before Left front tire and 1. Check tire for uneven or ex- Tire has excessive
3. Check steering cylinder for Steering cylinder
damage. damaged.
nuts. lug nuts.
7 Before Engine oil 1. Unlatch and raise hood and check Oil level low.
oil level and add oil as required
(WP 0023).
8 Before Cooling system 1. Check coolant level (WP 0023). Coolant level low.
9 Before Engine 1. Check overall engine for general Engine/parts dam-
condition, leaks, and loose aged, corroded,
components. missing, or loose.
2. Close and latch hood.
3. Check that hood closes slowly Hood slams closed.
and does not slam closed.
10 Before Seat and seat belt Check condition of seat and seat belt. Seat or seat belt
damaged.
11 Before Fire extinguisher Check fire extinguisher for condition. Fire extinguisher
Check gage for indication in green missing or damaged.
range. Check that expiration date Gage not in green
has not passed. range. Expiration
date passed.
12 Before Mirror and glass Check all glass and mirror for Any damage which
damage. will degrade visibility
for safe operation.
0022-3
TM 5-2420-231-10 0022
PMCS - Continued

13 Before Lights, gages, 1. Perform all light checks in Any lights necessary
warning indicators, accordance with WP 0009. for operation not
and audible alarms operating properly.
2. Start engine and monitor all a. Any gages un-
gages, warning indicators, horn, readable or not
and audible alarms for proper functioning
operation (WP 0004 thru properly.
WP 0009).
b. Any warning in-
dicators or
audible alarms
not operating
properly.
14 Before Heat and air Check for operation as required Heat or air
conditioning (WP 0004). conditioning not
operating properly.
WARNING
Before operating the BHL, make sure
service and parking brakes are
operable (WP 0010). Failure to
comply may result in serious injury or
death to personnel.
15 Before Service brakes/ 1. Check service brakes (WP 0010). Brake pedals soft or
parking brake travel to floor.
2. Check parking brake (WP 0010) Parking brake cannot
and adjust if necessary (WP be adjusted to hold
0023). the BHL.
16 Before Reverse alarm Check reverse alarm operation Alarm does not
(WP 0009). operate properly.
17 During Accelerator and hand Check for proper operation. Accelerator or hand
throttle throttle cannot be
easily controlled.
18 During Engine Listen for any unusual engine noises Any unusual engine
or vibrations during normal operation. noises or vibrations.
19 During Transmission When engine has warmed up to Transmission erratic
normal operating temperature and or slips in any
with brakes applied, shift direction position.
control level through all positions and
check that transmission is smooth
and does not slip.
0022-4
TM 5-2420-231-10 0022
PMCS - Continued

20 During Steering Operate steering and check for Any unusual noise,
unusual noise, binding, stiffness, or binding, stiffness, or
difficulty in turning. difficulty in turning.
21 During Front End Loader Check FEL and backhoe for proper Any stiffness,
(FEL) and backhoe operation. binding, unusual
operation noise, or jerky
operation.
WARNING
When engine is operating, metal
surfaces are hot and will burn flesh
on contact. Wear protective gloves
and exercise care when checking
transmission fluid. Failure to comply
may result in serious injury or death
to personnel.
22 After Transmission fluid 1. Start engine.
2. Check fuel gage for sufficient fuel
for mission.
3. Unlatch and raise hood.
4. Check transmission fluid and add Transmission fluid
fluid as required (WP 0023). level low.
5. Shut engine off.
23 After BHL exterior While performing the After PMCS,
check the following:
1. Check underneath the BHL for Any fuel leaks or
signs of fluid leaks (fuel, oil, Class III leaks of oil,
transmission fluid, hydraulic fluid, transmission fluid,
or coolant). hydraulic fluid, or
coolant.
2. Check tires, FEL bucket, lift arms, Any defect that would
stabilizers, backhoe, boom, prevent operation.
dipper, body, and cab for general
condition, damage, loose or
missing parts.
3. Check cylinders and hoses for Class III leaks.
chafing and leaks.
24 After FEL lift arms safety Check safety support strut for Safety support strut
support strut damage or missing parts. damaged or missing
parts.
0022-5
TM 5-2420-231-10 0022
PMCS - Continued

WARNING
When engine has been operating,
metal surfaces are hot and will burn
flesh on contact. Make sure engine
has been allowed to cool before
making engine checks. Failure to
comply may result in serious injury or
death to personnel.
25 After Cooling system 1. Check coolant reservoir level is Coolant level low.
reservoir/windshield between HOT MAX and COLD
washer reservoir MIN marks, and add coolant
mixture as required (WP 0023).
2. Check for leaks, damage, or loose Class III leaks.
mounting.
3. Check radiator for clogging by dirt Radiator damaged or
and debris and clean as required clogged by dirt or
(WP 0024). debris.
4. Check windshield washer Solvent level low.
reservoir level and add solvent as
required (WP 0023).
26 After Fan and belts 1. Check condition of fan. Fan damaged.
2. Check alternator and air Belts loose, dam-
conditioning belts for tension and aged, or excessively
condition. worn.
27 After Engine air filter 1. Check hoses and fittings for Hoses or fittings
damage. Hoses should be damaged. Hoses
pliable. brittle or cracked.
2. Check air filter body for damage Air filter body dam-
or corrosion. aged or corroded.
28 After Exhaust system and 1. Check turbocharger, exhaust pipe Exhaust pipe or
turbocharger and muffler for corrosion, muffler corroded or
damage, leaks, or missing parts. missing parts.
2. Close and latch hood.
0022-6
TM 5-2420-231-10 0022
PMCS - Continued

WARNING
Before starting, always make sure that all other personnel are away from the backhoe. Failure
Lower stabilizers to operating position before lowering backhoe boom and extending dipper.
Front of the BHL can raise above ground and cause an accident. Failure to comply may result
NOTE
Prior to continuing the After PMCS, do the following:
1. Start engine and raise FEL lift arms.
2. Configure the clamshell open and dozer and clamshell cutting edges on ground.
3. Lower stabilizers.
4. Disengage swing and transport lock and extend backhoe boom and dipper and
curl bucket inward.
5. Lower backhoe bucket to ground and shut engine off.
6. Toggle FEL controls to relieve hydraulic pressure.
29 After Left stabilizer Check for damage and loose or Any defect that would
missing parts. prevent operation.
30 After Left side of backhoe 1. Check for damage, loose or Any defect that would
swing post missing parts, and secure prevent operation.
mounting.
2. Check hoses for chafing and Class III leaks.
leaks.
31 After Left side of backhoe 1. Check for damage, loose or Any defect that would
boom, dipper, and missing parts, and secure prevent operation.
hoses mounting.
leaks.
0022-7
TM 5-2420-231-10 0022
PMCS - Continued

32 After Backhoe bucket 1. Check for damage, loose or Any defect that would
missing parts, and secure prevent operation.
mounting.
NOTE
Use scale on inside back cover of this
manual as a guide when checking
backhoe bucket teeth measurement.
2. Check teeth and cutting edges. If Any backhoe bucket
tooth measurement from back to teeth less than 3.5
front tip is 3.5 inches (8.9 cm) or inches (8.9 cm) long.
less, notify field level maintenance
to replace teeth.
33 After Right side of backhoe 1. Check for damage, loose or Any defect that would
boom, dipper, and missing parts, and secure prevent operation.
hoses mounting.
leaks.
34 After Right side of backhoe 1. Check for damage, loose or Any defect that would
swing post missing parts, and secure prevent operation.
mounting.
leaks.
35 After Right stabilizer Check for damage and loose or Any defect that would
missing parts. prevent operation.
36 After Rear lights/ 1. Check for damage, loose or Any lights necessary
windshield wiper missing parts, and secure for night operation
mounting. damaged or missing.
2. Check wiper blade for cracks or Blade damaged.
tears.
0022-8
TM 5-2420-231-10 0022
PMCS - Continued

WARNING
NATO slave receptacle is electrically
live at all times and is unfused.
NATO slave receptacle is only dead
when batteries are fully disconnected.
Disconnect batteries before per-
forming maintenance on NATO slave
receptacle. Failure to comply may
result in serious injury or death to
personnel.
37 After NATO slave Check for cracked or broken NATO slave recept-
receptacle receptacle or other damage. acle cracked or
broken.
38 After Battery box/tool box 1. Check battery box and tool box for Major structural dam-
cracks, corrosion, or missing age.
hardware.
2. Check tool box for presence and Required tools miss-
condition of tools (WP 0027, ing or unserviceable.
Table 2).
WARNING
Batteries produce explosive gases.
Keep sparks, flames, cigars, and
cigarettes away from batteries.
Ventilate when charging or using in
enclosed area. Wear eye protection
and protective gloves when working
near batteries. Wash hands after
handling. Failure to comply may
personnel.
Metal jewelry can conduct electricity.
Remove metal jewelry when near
batteries. Failure to comply may
personnel.
39 After Batteries 1. Check for damage or leaks. Batteries damaged or
leaking.
0022-9
TM 5-2420-231-10 0022
PMCS - Continued

39 After Batteries 2. Check battery cables and a. Cables damaged

(Con’t) mounting hardware for tightness or cannot be
and corrosion. tightened.
b. Corrosion cannot
be removed.
40 After FEL bucket 1. Check for damage, loose or Any defect that would
missing parts, and secure prevent operation.
mounting.
NOTE
Use scale on inside back cover of this
manual as a guide when checking
FEL bucket teeth and cutting edge
measurement.
2. Check teeth (WP 0023). If tooth Any FEL bucket teeth
measurement from back to front less than 3.5 inches
tip is 3.5 inches (8.9 cm) or less, (8.9 cm) long.
notify field level maintenance to
replace teeth.
3. Check cutting edges (WP 0023). Any cutting edge 1
If any cutting edge measurement inch (2.5 cm) or less.
is 1 inch (2.5 cm) or less, notify
field level maintenance to reverse
or replace cutting edge.
leaks.
41 After FEL lift arms, 1. Check for damage, loose or Any defect that would
cylinders, and hoses missing parts, and secure prevent operation.
mounting.
2. Check cylinders and hoses for Class III leaks.
chafing and leaks.
42 After Front lights/wind- 1. Check for damage, loose or Any lights necessary
shield wiper missing parts, and secure for night operation
mounting. damaged or missing.
2. Check wiper blade for cracks or Blade damaged.
tears.
43 After Fuel tank Check for damage that would cause Any fuel leaks or
leaks. potential fuel leaks.
0022-10
TM 5-2420-231-10 0022
PMCS - Continued

44 After BHL 1. Perform daily lubrication per Daily lubrication not
Lubrication Instructions that follow performed.
(Tables 2 thru 4).
2. After completing lubrication, start
engine.
3. Park vehicle and shut engine off
in accordance with WP 0010.
45 After Two tow straps Check that both straps are stowed in Straps not properly
(stowed in bag bag. stowed in bag.
behind cargo net)
46 Weekly or Two tow straps Check straps for signs of chafing, Deterioration that
50 hours (stowed in bag tearing, wear, abrasion, or red would prevent safe
behind cargo net) threads visible (WP 0015). use.
47 Weekly or Fuel filter Check fuel filter for water or sediment Excessive water or
50 hours and clean as required (WP 0023). sediment in fuel filter.
0022-11
TM 5-2420-231-10 0022
LUBRICATION INSTRUCTIONS
These lubrication instructions are for operator (C) maintenance. Lubrication intervals (on-condition or hard
time) are based on normal operation. Lubricate more frequently during constant use, and less during inactive
periods. The task-hour specified is the time needed to do all the services prescribed for a particular interval.
Use correct grade of lubricant for seasonal temperature expected. The lubrication interval and symbol is
listed below:
D – Daily or 10 hours M – Monthly
Before starting your lubrication, do the following:
Always Never
a. Use Lubrication Instructions as your guide. a. Use wrong type/grade lubricant.
b. Use correct type/grade lubricant. b. Use too much lubricant.
c. Clean area where lubricant is to be applied to c. Apply lubricant to dirty components.
prevent buildup of dirt, grit, and contaminants.
1. Clean grease fittings before lubricating with grease gun.
2. Add grease through grease fitting until clean grease comes out of component; then, wipe off excess.
3. Authorized grease is automotive grease. Authorized fuel, engine lubricating oil, antifreeze, windshield
washer solvent, transmission fluid, and hydraulic fluid are listed in the Servicing work package (WP
0023).
FEL Grease Fittings
FEL grease fittings are listed in Table 2 and shown in Figure 2.
Table 2. FEL Grease Fittings.
ITEM NO. INTERVAL COMPONENT NO. OF PLACES LUBRICANT

1 D Lift arms pivot 4 (2 each side) Grease
2 D Lift cylinder closed end 4 (2 each side) Grease
3 D Lift cylinder rod end 2 (1 each side) Grease
4 D Bucket cylinder trunnion 2 (1 each side) Grease
5 D Bucket link 2 (1 each side) Grease
6 D Bucket cylinder rod end 2 (1 each side) Grease
7 D Bucket pivot 4 (2 each side) Grease
8 D 4-in-1 bucket clamshell cylinder rod end 2 (1 each side) Grease
9 D 4-in-1 bucket clamshell cylinder and 2 (1 each side) Grease
pivot
10 D 4-in-1 bucket clamshell cylinder closed 2 (1 each side) Grease
end
11 D FEL tool carrier lock pins 2 (1 each side) Grease
0022-12
TM 5-2420-231-10 0022
LUBRICATION INSTRUCTIONS - Continued
Figure 2. FEL Grease Fittings.
0022-13
TM 5-2420-231-10 0022
Backhoe Grease Fittings
Backhoe grease fittings are listed in Table 3 and shown in Figure 3.
Table 3. Backhoe Grease Fittings.
1 D Trunnion 4 (2 each side) Grease

2 D Stabilizer cylinder closed end 2 (1 each side) Grease
3 D Boom release 1 Grease
4 D Boom cylinder rod end 1 Grease
5 D Upper swing pivot 1 Grease
6 D Lower swing pivot 1 Grease
7 D Swing cylinder rod end 2 (1 each side) Grease
8 D Boom pivot 2 (1 each side) Grease
9 D Dipper cylinder closed end 1 Grease
10 D Boom cylinder closed end 1 Grease
11 D Dipper cylinder rod end 1 Grease
12 D Bucket cylinder closed end 1 Grease
13 D Dipper pivot 2 (1 each side) Grease
14 D Bucker cylinder rod end 1 Grease
15 D Bucket links 4 (2 each side) Grease
16 D Bucket link 1 Grease
17 D Bucket pivot 2 (1 each side) Grease
0022-14
TM 5-2420-231-10 0022
Figure 3. Backhoe Grease Fittings.
0022-15
TM 5-2420-231-10 0022
BHL Grease Fittings
The BHL grease fittings are listed in Table 4 and shown in Figure 4.
Table 4. BHL Grease Fittings.
1 D Front axle pivot remote grease fitting 1 Grease

2 D Upper and lower king pins 4 (2 each side) Grease
3 M Front slip spline 1 Grease
4 M Rear slip spline 1 Grease
Figure 4. BHL Grease Fittings.
END OF WORK PACKAGE
0022-16
TM 5-2420-231-10 0023
OPERATOR LEVEL
SERVICING
INITIAL SETUP:

Tire pressure gage (WP 0027, Item 5) WP 0004 thru WP 0012
WP 0022
Materials/Parts WP 0024
Antifreeze (WP 0029, Item 1)
Cleaning compound (WP 0029, Item 4) Equipment Condition
Diesel/turbine fuel (WP 0028, Items 10 thru 13) BHL parked on level ground (WP 0010)
Duct tape (WP 0029, Item 33) FEL bucket lowered to ground (WP 0010)
Engine lubricating oil (WP 0029, Items 20 thru 23) Backhoe in transport position (WP 0010)
Hydraulic fluid (WP 0029, Item 16) Stabilizers raised (WP 0010)
Transmission fluid (WP 0029, Item 17) Parking brake engaged (WP 0010)
Windshield washer solvent (WP 0029, Item 28) Engine shut off (WP 0010)
Wiping rag (WP 0029, Item 27)
Personnel Required
One
INTRODUCTION
This work package contains servicing procedures. The following index provides a quick reference to the
servicing procedures and pages.
Servicing Procedure Page No.
FEL Lift Arms Safety Support Strut Engagement............................................................................................. 0023-2

FEL Lift Arms Safety Support Strut Disengagement ........................................................................................ 0023-4
Engine Hood Raising/Closing........................................................................................................................... 0023-4
Raising Engine Hood........................................................................................................................................ 0023-4
Closing Engine Hood........................................................................................................................................ 0023-5
Fuel Tank Level Check..................................................................................................................................... 0023-5
Water And Sediment In Fuel System Check .................................................................................................... 0023-8
Hydraulic Fluid Level Check ............................................................................................................................. 0023-9
Transmission Fluid Level Check .................................................................................................................... 0023-11
Coolant Fluid Level Check.............................................................................................................................. 0023-12
Windshield Washer Solvent Level Check....................................................................................................... 0023-14
Parking Brake Adjustment .............................................................................................................................. 0023-15
Engine Oil Level Check .................................................................................................................................. 0023-16
Cab Air Filter Service...................................................................................................................................... 0023-18
Fire Extinguisher Service................................................................................................................................ 0023-20
Tire Pressure Check....................................................................................................................................... 0023-21
Fuse Replacement ......................................................................................................................................... 0023-22
Preparation For 30 Day Storage .................................................................................................................... 0023-23
Removal From 30 Day Storage ...................................................................................................................... 0023-24
FEL Bucket Teeth and Cutting Edges Measurement..................................................................................... 0023-25
0023-1
TM 5-2420-231-10 0023
SERVICING PROCEDURES
FEL Lift Arms Safety Support Strut Engagement
WARNING
When servicing the Backhoe Loader (BHL) with Front End Loader (FEL) bucket raised,
always use lift arms safety support strut to lock bucket. Failure to comply may result in
When FEL lift arms safety support strut is raised, always remove or install retaining pin while
standing to rear of safety support strut. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or
death to personnel.
2. Start engine.
3. Dump material from FEL bucket (WP 0006).
4. Raise FEL lift arms to maximum height (WP 0006).
5. Shut engine off.
6. Remove retaining pin (Figure 1, Item 1) from pin (Figure 1, Item 2).
7. Remove pin (Figure 1, Item 2) from safety support strut (Figure 1, Item 3).
8. Lower FEL lift arms safety support strut (Figure 1, Item 3) onto cylinder rod (Figure 1, Item 4).
9. Stand to rear of FEL lift arms safety support strut, insert pin (Figure 1, Item 2) into safety support strut
(Figure 1, Item 3), and install retaining pin (Figure 1, Item 1).
10. From operator seat, slowly lower FEL onto FEL lift arms safety support strut (Figure 1, Item 3).
0023-2
TM 5-2420-231-10 0023
SERVICING PROCEDURES - Continued
Figure 1. FEL Lift Arms Safety Support Strut Engagement/Disengagement.
0023-3
TM 5-2420-231-10 0023
FEL Lift Arms Safety Support Strut Disengagement
1. From operator seat, start engine, raise FEL lift arms slightly, and shut engine off.
2. Remove retaining pin (Figure 1, Item 1) and pin (Figure 1, Item 2) from FEL lift arms safety support strut
(Figure 1, Item 3).
3. Hold FEL lift arms safety support strut (Figure 1, Item 3) in stow position and install pin (Figure 1, Item 2)
and retaining pin (Figure 1, Item 1).
4. From operator seat, slowly lower FEL lift arms to ground.
5. Shut engine off.
Engine Hood Raising/Closing
Raising Engine Hood. To raise engine hood, proceed as follows:
WARNING
Make sure engine is shut off before raising engine hood. Hot metal surfaces will burn flesh
on contact. Exercise care when raising hood and servicing engine. Failure to comply may
result in serious injury to personnel.
2. Stand on left side of the BHL and turn handle (Figure 2, Item 1) on top of engine hood counterclockwise
(CCW) to release hood.
3. Use lift handle (Figure 2, Item 2) on side of engine hood and raise hood and rotate forward.
Figure 2. Engine Hood Raising/Closing.
0023-4
TM 5-2420-231-10 0023
Closing Engine Hood. To close engine hood, proceed as follows:
WARNING
Close hood carefully. Failure to comply may result in serious injury to personnel.
CAUTION
Always close engine hood before moving the BHL. Failure to comply may result in damage
to engine hood parts.
1. Stand on left side of the BHL and lower engine hood.
2. Turn handle (Figure 2, Item 1) clockwise (CW) to latch engine hood.
Fuel Tank Level Check
NOTE
Fill fuel tank at end of each day. A full tank will prevent water condensation.
3. Check fuel tank level by reading fuel gage on right side of instrument panel.
4. Fuel low level indicator lamp will illuminate with 5 gallons or less of fuel in tank.
0023-5
TM 5-2420-231-10 0023
WARNING
Fuel used in the BHL is flammable. When filling fuel tank, maintain metal-to-metal contact
between filler nozzle and fuel tank opening to eliminate static electrical discharge. Failure to
comply can cause flames and possible explosion and may result in damage to equipment
and serious injury or death to personnel.
Hot engine surfaces are possible sources of ignition. When hot refueling, avoid fuel splashes
and fuel spills. Do not smoke or use open flame when refueling. Failure to comply can
cause flames and possible explosion and may result in damage to equipment and serious
Do not fill fuel tank completely to top. Allow room for expansion. Failure to comply may
Do not fill fuel tank while engine is operating. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or
death to personnel.
5. Fill fuel tank as follows:
a. Shut engine off and remove fuel cap (Figure 3, Item 1) from fuel tank.
b. Select correct grade of fuel (Table 1).
c. Add fuel to within 1 inch (2.54 cm) from top of fuel tank.
d. Install fuel cap (Figure 3, Item 1) onto fuel tank.
6. Clean up spills with cleaning compound and wiping rag. Dispose of used rags per unit Standing
Operating Procedures (SOP).
0023-6
TM 5-2420-231-10 0023
Figure 3. Fuel Tank.
Table 1. Fuel Grade Selection Chart.
AMBIENT Degrees F -50 -25 -15 0 +5 +15 +20 +30 +40 +70 +90 +110 +120
TEMP Degrees C -46 -32 -26 -18 -15 -9 -7 -1 +4 +21 +32 +38 +49
A-A-52557 DF-1
A-A-52557 DF-2
MIL-PFR-5624 JP-5
MIL-T-83133 JP-8
0023-7
TM 5-2420-231-10 0023
Water And Sediment In Fuel System Check
WARNING
NOTE
Check fuel filter every 50 hours or each week.
2. Raise engine hood.
3. On left side of the BHL, hold suitable container under fuel filter and loosen drain valve (Figure 4, Item 1).
4. If fuel does not flow, notify field level maintenance.
5. If water or sediment is found, notify field level maintenance.
6. Close drain valve (Figure 4, Item 1).
7. Clean up spills with wiping rag.
8. Close engine hood.
9. Dispose of waste fuel per unit SOP.
0023-8
TM 5-2420-231-10 0023
Figure 4. Sediment Check.
Hydraulic Fluid Level Check
4. Lower FEL bucket to ground and move backhoe into transport position (WP 0010).
5. Stop engine.
6. Let BHL cool down for 15 minutes before checking hydraulic fluid.
0023-9
TM 5-2420-231-10 0023
7. Hydraulic reservoir is full when hydraulic fluid covers half of sight gage window (Figure 5, Item 2) (at
FULL mark).
8. Hydraulic reservoir requires servicing when fluid level in sight gage window is at ADD level or below.
WARNING
Hydraulic fluid may be absorbed through the skin. Wear long sleeves, gloves, and goggles
or face shield when handling hydraulic fluid. If hydraulic fluid gets into the eyes, flush eyes
immediately with water and seek medical attention. If hydraulic fluid gets on the skin, wash
thoroughly with soap and water. Wash hands thoroughly prior to eating or smoking. Failure
to comply may result in serious injury to personnel.
9. Press, twist CCW, and remove cap (Figure 5, Item 1) from hydraulic tank and add hydraulic fluid as
required (WP 0029, Item 16).
10. Press and twist cap (Figure 5, Item 1) CW onto hydraulic tank.
11. Clean up spills with wiping rag. Dispose of used rags per unit SOP.
Figure 5. Hydraulic Tank.
0023-10
TM 5-2420-231-10 0023
Transmission Fluid Level Check
WARNING
Hot metal surfaces will burn flesh on contact. Exercise care when raising hood and servicing
engine. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to personnel.
Keep clear of rotating fan and belts. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to
personnel.
CAUTION
Do not permit dirt, dust, or grit to enter transmission oil dipstick tube. Transmission fluid may
become contaminated. Failure to comply may result in damage to transmission.
Do not overfill transmission. Failure to comply may result in damage to transmission.
4. From operator seat, start engine.
5. On left side of the BHL, remove transmission dipstick (Figure 6, Item 1), wipe clean with wiping rag, and
insert dipstick fully into tube. Then, remove.
Figure 6. Transmission Dipstick.
0023-11
TM 5-2420-231-10 0023
NOTE
Transmission fluid level must be between LOW and HIGH marks on dipstick.
One quart of transmission fluid will move level from LOW to HIGH mark.
6. If transmission fluid level is at LOW mark or below, shut engine off and add fluid as required until fluid
level is at HIGH mark.
7. Start engine and recheck transmission fluid level.
8. Shut engine off.
9. Clean up spills with cleaning compound and wiping rag. Dispose of used rags per unit SOP.
Coolant Fluid Level Check
WARNING
personnel.
NOTE
Check coolant level when coolant is cold and with engine shut off.
Coolant fluid level must be between ADD and FULL marks on reservoir.
3. Shut engine off.
0023-12
TM 5-2420-231-10 0023
5. If coolant fluid level is at COLD MIN mark or below, add fluid as required until fluid level is at HOT MAX
mark.
6. Remove cap (Figure 7, Item 1) from coolant reservoir and add antifreeze mixture of 50% antifreeze and
50% water.
7. Install cap (Figure 7, Item 1) onto coolant reservoir.
Figure 7. Coolant Reservoir.
0023-13
TM 5-2420-231-10 0023
Windshield Washer Solvent Level Check
WARNING
personnel.
3. Shut engine off.
5. Remove cap (Figure 8, Item 1) from windshield washer reservoir.
6. Fill windshield reservoir with windshield washer solvent (WP 0029, Item 28).
7. Install cap (Figure 8, Item 1) onto windshield washer reservoir.
Figure 8. Windshield Washer Reservoir.
0023-14
TM 5-2420-231-10 0023
Parking Brake Adjustment
CAUTION
Do not move the BHL with parking brake engaged. Failure to comply may result in damage
to parking brake.
1. Apply service brakes.
2. Disengage parking brake by pushing parking brake handle (Figure 9, Item 1) forward.
3. Rotate tension adjuster (Figure 9, Item 2) CW two or three turns.
4. Pull parking brake handle (Figure 9, Item 1) back. If brake handle cannot be pulled back, release
handle and rotate tension adjuster (Figure 9, Item 2) CCW one or two turns. Then, pull brake handle
back.
5. Start engine.
6. Move direction control lever in forward position, and service brakes applied, engage parking brake.
7. Release service brake pedals and check that parking brake holds the BHL in place.
8. If parking brake does not hold, notify field level maintenance.
Figure 9. Parking Brake.
0023-15
TM 5-2420-231-10 0023
Engine Oil Level Check
WARNING
personnel.
3. Shut engine off.
5. On left side of the BHL, remove oil dipstick (Figure 10, Item 1), wipe clean, and insert dipstick fully into
tube. Then, remove.
NOTE
Check engine oil level with engine shut off.
Engine oil fluid level must be between ADD and FULL marks on dipstick.
Two quarts of engine oil will move level from ADD to FULL mark.
6. If engine oil level is at ADD mark or below, select proper grade of oil. Refer to Table 2. Ensure unit SOP
is followed. Unscrew oil fill cap (Figure 10, Item 2) CCW and add oil as required until oil level is at FULL
mark.
7. Install oil fill cap (Figure 10, Item 2) and turn CW.
8. Clean up spills with cleaning compound and wiping rag. Dispose of used rags per unit SOP.
0023-16
TM 5-2420-231-10 0023
Figure 10. Engine Oil Dipstick and Fill Cap.
Table 2. Engine Oil Grade Selection Chart.
AMBIENT Degrees F -50 -30 -10 +10 +30 +50 +70 +90 +110 +130
TEMPERATURE Degrees C -46 -34 -23 -12 -1 10 21 32 43 54
MIL-PRF-46167 OEA
MIL-PRF-2104 OE/HDO-30
MIL-PRF-2104 OE/HDO-40
MIL-PRF-2104 OE/HDO-15/40
0023-17
TM 5-2420-231-10 0023
Cab Air Filter Service
WARNING
If Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical (NBC) exposure is suspected, all air filter media shall be
handled by personnel wearing full NBC protective equipment. Failure to comply may result in
Removal or installation of cab air filter can cause dirt particles to injure eyes. Eye protection
is required. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to personnel.
NOTE
Tray and filter will fall if not supported.
2. Hold tray in position and unscrew two knobs (Figure 11, Item 1) securing tray (Figure 11, Item 2) to cab
headliner.
3. Carefully remove tray (Figure 11, Item 2) and filter (Figure 11, Item 3).
4. Remove filter (Figure 11, Item 3) from tray (Figure 11, Item 2).
5. Wipe filter area with wiping rag.
6. Outside of cab, tap filter (Figure 11, Item 3) gently to knock off loose dirt.
7. If filter is damaged, notify field level maintenance.
NOTE
Install filter with airflow arrow pointing toward front of BHL.
8. Install the cleaned filter (Figure 11, Item 3) into tray (Figure 11, Item 2).
9. Install tray (Figure 11, Item 2) and filter (Figure 11, Item 3) into cab headliner.
10. Secure tray (Figure 11, Item 2) to cab headliner with two knobs (Figure 11, Item 1).
0023-18
TM 5-2420-231-10 0023
Figure 11. Cab Air Filter.
0023-19
TM 5-2420-231-10 0023
Fire Extinguisher Service
1. Open latch (Figure 12, Item 2) and remove fire extinguisher if required.
2. Check tag on fire extinguisher (Figure 12, Item 1) for expiration date.
3. Check gage on fire extinguisher (Figure 12, Item 1) for indication in green range. If not in green range,
replace fire extinguisher.
4. Install and secure fire extinguisher (Figure 12, Item 1).
Figure 12. Fire Extinguisher.
0023-20
TM 5-2420-231-10 0023
Tire Pressure Check
WARNING
When tire service is necessary, notify field level maintenance. Failure to comply may result
When inflating tires, keep yourself and all other other personnel out of danger area. Stand on
tread side of tire. Wear face protection. Use correct air pressure and use self-attaching
inflation chuck with remote shutoff. Do not overinflate. Tires and rim parts can explode.
Check air pressure or add air only when tire is mounted on wheel on the BHL or in tire
inflation cage. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to personnel.
NOTE
Check tires when cold, before any operation.
0023-21
TM 5-2420-231-10 0023
2. Remove protective cap.
3. Use tire pressure gage and check front and rear tires for proper inflation (38 psi (262 kPa) on rear tires
and 50 psi (345 kPa) on front tires). If pressure is low, do steps 4 thru 8 below.
4. Connect air hose (Figure 13, Item 2) with self-locking air chuck to valve (Figure 13, Item 1) on tire.
5. Connect remote shutoff valve (Figure 13, Item 3) to air source.
6. Stand behind tire tread and inflate tire to correct pressure.
7. Disconnect remote shutoff valve (Figure 13, Item 3).
8. Disconnect air hose (Figure 13, Item 2).
9. Install protective cap.
Figure 13. Tire Pressure.
0023-22
TM 5-2420-231-10 0023
Fuse Replacement
NOTE
Fuses which burn out often may indicate an electrical problem. Notify field level
maintenance.
2. Turn key switch off.
3. Loosen screw (Figure 14, Item 1) and remove cover (Figure 14, Item 2).
4. Use fuse location decal (Figure 14, Item 3) to determine location of suspect fuse.
5. Remove suspect fuse and check for burned area (indicates need for replacement).
6. If burned out fuse is found, notify field level maintenance and install in proper location.
7. Install cover (Figure 14, Item 2) and secure with screw (Figure 14, Item 1).
Figure 14. Fuse Replacement.
0023-23
TM 5-2420-231-10 0023
Preparation For 30 Day Storage
NOTE
If the BHL is to be stored for up to 30 days, park the BHL inside building. If building is not
available, park the BHL on level ground in dry area on planks and cover with waterproof
covering, if available.
1. Wash the BHL (WP 0024).
2. Lubricate the BHL (WP 0022).
3. Position backhoe in transport position (WP 0012).
4. Rotate backhoe bucket to open position to prevent accumulation of rain water or snow.
5. Raise FEL and dump bucket. Lower FEL to ground (WP 0011).
7. Switch off engine and remove key.
8. From operator seat, toggle FEL and backhoe controls to relieve hydraulic pressure.
9. When engine is cool, cover exhaust pipe opening with duct tape.
10. Close and secure all windows and doors.
0023-24
TM 5-2420-231-10 0023
Removal From 30 Day Storage
NOTE
1. Remove duct tape from exhaust pipe opening.
2. Perform PMCS procedures.
3. Clean windshield.
4. Prime turbocharger (WP 0010).
5. Start engine.
6. Allow BHL to run at 1,000 rpm 2 – 3 minutes while monitoring all warning lights and gages.
7. Raise FEL and rotate bucket to transport position. Check for correct operation of the FEL and all FEL
controls (WP 0011).
8. Remove backhoe from transport position and check for correct operation of the backhoe and all backhoe
controls (WP 0012).
9. Release parking brake and slowly operate the BHL, checking that all controls function correctly.
0023-25
TM 5-2420-231-10 0023
FEL Bucket Teeth and Cutting Edges Measurement
1. Park the BHL on level ground. Close clamshell and position bucket flat on ground.
4. Shut engine off.
5. Toggle FEL controls to relieve hydraulic pressure.
WARNING
Exercise care when measuring FEL bucket. Be sure FEL bucket is flat on ground, clamshell
is closed, and hydraulic pressure is relieved. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or
death to personnel.
NOTE
Loader cutting edge and clamshell cutting edge can be reversed one time before
replacement is required.
6. Measure bucket teeth (Dimension A, Figure 15). If measurement is 3.5 inches (8.9 cm) or less, notify
field level maintenance to replace teeth.
7. Measure clamshell cutting edge on each side of bucket (Dimension B, Figure 15). If measurement is 1
inch (2.5 cm) or less, notify field level maintenance to reverse or replace cutting edge.
8. Measure dozer cutting edge on each side of bucket (Dimension C, Figure 15). If measurement is 1 inch
(2.5 cm) or less, notify field level maintenance to replace cutting edge.
9. Measure loader cutting edge on each side of bucket (Dimension D, Figure 15). If measurement is 1 inch
(2.5 cm) or less, notify field level maintenance to reverse or replace cutting edge.
0023-26
TM 5-2420-231-10 0023
Figure 15. FEL Bucket Teeth and Cutting Edges Measurement.
END OF WORK PACKAGE
0023-27/28 blank
TM 5-2420-231-10 0024
OPERATOR LEVEL
CLEANING
INITIAL SETUP:

None None

Detergent (WP 0029, Item 8) Engine shut off (WP 0010)
Wiping rag (WP 0029, Item 27)
Personnel Required
One
CLEANING PROCEDURES
Operator cleaning procedures must be performed on a regular basis. Dirt and foreign material are a constant
threat to satisfactory operation and maintenance.
1. Keep hands free of any accumulation of grease which can collect dust, dirt, and grit.
CAUTION
Do not wash the Backhoe Loader (BHL) or rubber or electrical components with cleaning
compounds, mineral spirits, or high-pressure washing apparatus. Failure to comply may
result in serious damage to decals or materials.
Do not wash glass areas or upper areas of cab with high-pressure water. Failure to comply
may result in serious damage to glass or cab air filter system.
2. Clean inner and outer surfaces of the BHL with water and detergent and allow to air dry.
3. Remove grease and accumulated deposits with wiping rag.
WARNING
Eye protection is required when working with compressed air. Compressed air can propel
particles at high velocity and injure eyes. Do not exceed 15 psi (103 kPa) when using
compressed air. Failure to comply may result in serious injury or death to personnel.
4. Clean debris from outside of radiator, oil cooler (located behind radiator), or air-conditioning condenser
(located forward of radiator) with low pressure air. For most effective cleaning, direct airstream forward
from inside engine compartment.
END OF WORK PACKAGE
0024-1/2 blank
TM 5-2420-231-10 0025
OPERATOR LEVEL
PREPARATION FOR SHIPMENT AND STORAGE
INITIAL SETUP:
Tools and Special Tools Materials/Parts - Continued

None Preservative coating, rubber (WP 0029,
Item 25)
Materials/Parts Primer coating (WP 0029, Item 26)
Barrier materials (WP 0029, Item 2) Rag, wiping (WP 0029, Item 27)
Cap set, protective (WP 0029, Item 3) Strap, tiedown, electrical components
Containers (WP 0029, Item 5) (WP 0029, Item 29)
Corrosion preventive compound (WP 0029, Item 6) Tag, marker (WP 0029, Item 30)
Corrosion preventive compound (WP 0029, Item 7) Talc (WP 0029, Item 31)
Dye, leak detection (WP 0029, Item 9) Tape (WP 0029, Item 32)
Oil, lubricating, engine (WP 0029, Item 18)
Oil, lubricating, general purpose (WP 0029, Item 19) Equipment Condition
Oil, lubricating preservative, corrosion inhibited Engine off (WP 0004)
(WP 0029, Item 24)
NOTE
Unless otherwise stated, all preparation for shipment and storage must be performed with the
assistance of field maintenance.
0025-1
TM 5-2420-231-10 0025
LEVEL A PREPARATION
NOTE
Equipment processed Level A is intended to provide protection for the equipment stored for
up to 48 months in an unheated warehouse environment or 24 months in an outdoor
environment such as the weather deck of an ocean-going vessel for a period of up to 24
months without exercising, inspections, or maintenance.
1. Tires. Coat tires with A-A-52408 preservative (WP 0029, Item 25).
2. Battery Cables.
a. Secure battery cables to battery carrier with tiedown strap (WP 0029, Item 29).
b. Unless otherwise specified, disconnect batteries for storage exceeding 30 days and secure cable
ends from contact with terminals using tiedown straps.
c. Place tag (WP 0029, Item 30) stating, “BATTERIES ARE DISCONNECTED” in the driver’s
compartment and include quantity, proper shipping name, and identification of hazardous materials
aboard machine in shipment data.
3. Filler Caps.
a. Seal filler cap openings by placing a 2 in. (51 mm) wide by 3 mil thick sheet of film, conforming to
MIL-PRF-22191 Type II (WP 0029, Item 2), over all filler cap openings with the caps removed.
b. Depress sheet into filler cap opening to same depth as filler plug.
c. Screw or insert filler caps into filler openings to form a complete seal without damaging sheet.
4. Basic Issue Items (BII). When BII are stowed in exposed locations on the machine and the machine is
going to be stored outside, remove BII from machine and place inside sheds, warehouses, or other
structures to protect the BII from elements. Identify each container to machine from which it was removed
with special marking as follows: “DO NOT STORE OUTSIDE FOR EXTENDED PERIODS.”
5. Disassembly. Tag (WP 0029, Item 30) or mark components separated from major end item by removal
or disassembly with identification of component(s) and storage location of major end item.
6. Containers. Select containers for Level A from MIL-PRF-2073-1C (WP 0029, Item 5) to provide required
protection for specific vehicle application and provide necessary protection for parts and machine.
7. Belt Pulleys.
a. Release belt tension on all belts after completing engine preservation.

b. Coat unpainted surfaces of pulley grooves with primer conforming to A-A-52465 (WP 0029, Item 26).
c. Prepare tag (WP 0029, Item 30) indicating, “BELT TENSIONS RELIEVED, ADJUST PRIOR TO
STARTING ENGINE,” and DA Form 2258 annotated.
8. Vehicle Fuel Tanks.
a. Drain fuel tanks of all fuel by removing fuel tank drain plug.
b. After draining, install drain plug and fill or fog fuel tank with lubricating oil conforming to MIL-PRF-
21260, Type I, Grade PE 10-1 (WP 0029, Item 18), and drain tank again.
c. Coat cap with same oil and install.
d. Examine first processed tank to determine if all interior surfaces are coated with preservative.
0025-2
TM 5-2420-231-10 0025
LEVEL A PREPARATION – CONTINUED
e. If top of the tank is not coated with preservative because of an airlock, loosen sending unit to permit
preservative to reach all interior surfaces.
f. Use drained preservative oil for processing other fuel tanks, provided not more than 10 percent of
fluid is fuel.
9. Fuel System.
a. Prior to processing engine, cool engine by induced air currents, circulation of engine coolant, or by
waiting period of time required to arrive at above specified temperature to ensure cylinder head
temperature measured at injector nozzle flange surface of all cylinders is no more than 100°F
(38.7°C).
b. Position portable container/line/device to provide preservative oil feed to engine.
c. Disconnect fuel line and drain as much fuel as possible from all fuel lines, filters, heater, etc., in the
system.
d. Drain and flush fuel tank with preservative oil prior to processing engine.
e. Disconnect fuel line at a quick disconnect before fuel filters. If this is not practical, disconnect
between primary fuel filter and fuel pump at primary fuel filter outlet.
f. Drain fuel from secondary fuel filter and primary fuel filter.
g. Remove filter element.
h. Disconnect residual machine fuel return line at quick disconnect coupling.
i. Connect transparent plastic fuel line to engine end of disconnected fuel return line.
j. Insert other end of plastic fuel line into recovery container to collect residual returned fuel/oil mixture.
k. Start engine and run until preservative oil is flowing from fuel return line or until time established in
the EPDS for specific model machine elapses.
l. Place throttle in half-open position and shut off engine by placing fabricated air restriction plate over
air intake until engine stops.
m. Fabricate air restrictor plate with a piece of plywood or similar material.
n. Cement piece of rubber 5/16 in. (7.9 mm) thick or other material that shall not damage engine to
plywood with adhesive.
10. Combustion Chamber. Cool engine by induced air currents, circulation of engine coolant, or by waiting
the period of time required to arrive at the above specified temperature to ensure that cylinder head
temperature measured at injector nozzle flange surface of all cylinders is not more than 100°F (37.8°C).
CAUTION
Specific cranking times should be specified on EPDS; if a short time period is not
specified, each cranking period should be at least 10 seconds but not more than 30
seconds. Special precautions shall be taken to ensure that these time limits are kept;
otherwise the engine starter or starter solenoid may be damaged.
Processing instructions should be detailed on the EPDS; if not, a general guide is as follows:
a. Throttle shall be placed at maximum open position and engine cranked with starter. Engine may fire,
but the air restrictor shall prevent engine from starting.
b. Allow starter to cool and repeat at least two times.
0025-3
TM 5-2420-231-10 0025
c. After completing engine processing, reconnect all fuel lines and install new filters.
d. Seal all engine air intakes. Annotate following deprocessing instructions on DA Form 2258: “MAIN
ENGINE PRESERVED WITH PRESERVATIVE OIL. DO NOT CRANK” and “BEFORE CRANKING,
REMOVE CAPS, TAPE, OR PLUGS FROM INTAKE EXHAUST, BREATHER OPENINGS, OIL
LEVEL DIPTICK TUBE, ETC.”
11. Preservative Dye. Add oil soluble red dye conforming to MIL-D-81298 (WP 0029, Item 9) to preservative
oil to establish time periods and ensure coverage for engine preservation. The concentration of dye shall
be sufficient to impart marked coloring to oil. Prior to vehicle shipment/storage, flush out dye with
preservative oil.
12. Alternate Processing. Some manufacturers recommend use of Volatile Corrosion Inhibitor (VCI) to
prevent internal engine corrosion damage. Specify these special processing procedures in EPDS. VCI oil
should not be used full strength on non-ferrous metals where it will have direct prolonged contact. Follow
instructions as specified in the EPDS, MIL-PRF-21260, Type I, Grade PE-10 (WP 0029, Item 18) is the
normal preservative oil used in engine processing. Use of other oils, especially VCI oils, shall only be
used based on manufacturer’s recommendations detailed in the EPDS.
CAUTION
Some VCI products have been known to promote corrosion of certain metals (e.g.,
brass, cadmium, copper, lead, magnesium, zinc, solder) and may also attack certain
organic materials (e.g., natural rubber). It is always a good idea to check with the
commercial vendor to ensure compatibility.
13. Preservation Through Dipstick Shroud Opening and Oil Filler Tube.
a. Spray six ounces of preservative oil (e.g., MIL-PRF-21260, Type I, Grade PE-10 (WP 0029, Item 18),
MIL-PRF-46002 (WP 0029, Item 24), or MIL-PRF-32033 (WP 0029, Item 19)) into crankcase through
oil filler cap opening with atomizer.
b. Use an extension of sufficient length to permit spray nozzle to be within crankcase without being sub-
merged in the crankcase oil.
c. After atomizer spraying has been accomplished, install dipstick, close oil filter cap, and seal all
openings to engine interior, including dipstick shroud opening and oil filler cap with tape conforming
to SAE-AMS-T-22085, type IV (WP 0029, Item 32).
14. Preservation Through Main Engine Exhaust Systems.
a. Spray two ounces of preservative oil (e.g., MIL-PRF-21260 (WP 0029, Item 18), MIL-PRF-46002
(WP 0029, Item 24), or MIL-PRF-32033 (WP 0029, Item 19)) into exterior exhaust openings toward
engine with atomizer.
b. Spray one ounce of specified preservative oil into turbocharger exhaust with atomizer.
c. Seal openings with tape conforming to SAE-AMS-T-2085, type IV (WP 0029, Item 32).
d. Seal engine crankcase breathers with caps and plugs (WP 0029, Item 3) or with tape conforming to
SAE-AMS-T-22085, type IV (WP 0029, Item 32).
e. Seal opening of tailpipes, vertical and horizontal, with tape conforming to SAE-AMS-T-22085, Type IV
(WP 0029, Item 32).
0025-4
TM 5-2420-231-10 0025
15. Air Intake System. Disconnect air tubes from turbocharger and between turbocharger and engine.
a. Atomize spray preservative oil (MIL-PRF-21260 (WP 0029, Item 18), MIL-PRF-46002 (WP 0029,
Item 24), or MIL-PRF-32033 (WP 0029, Item 19)) one ounce into air intake of turbocharger, one
ounce into outlet of turbocharger, and two ounces into air tube going to engine.
b. Reconnect all tubes and seal openings with tape SAE-AMS-T-22085, type IV (WP 0029, Item 32).
16. Air Cleaner. Clean and dry air cleaner and install new filter element. Seal air cleaner openings with tape
conforming to SAE-AMS-T-22085, type IV (WP 0029, Item 32), or cover with 6 mil of commercial grade
polyethylene, secured with tape conforming to SAE-AMS-T-22085, type IV (WP 0029, Item 32).
17. Hydraulic Brakes. Fill brake system with operational hydraulic fluid as specified in the applicable
drawing, specification.
18. Windshield Washers. Drain windshield washer container and lines of all fluid. Reinstall lines.
19. Water Pumping System.
a. Open drain valve at bottom radiator and completely drain system.

b. Close drain valve.
c. Fill pump with preservative oil conforming to MIL-C-10382 (WP 0029, Item 7).
d. Operate pump, allowing preservative to drain through outlet nozzle and introduce sufficient amount of
preservative MIL-C-10382 (WP 0029, Item 7) to ensure complete coverage of areas within pumping
system from intake to outlet.
e. After completion of application of preservative, open radiator drain valve and completely drain
system, then close drain valve.
f. Attach red warning tag bearing the following information: “BEFORE PLACING IN USE, FLUSH
SYSTEM WITH HOT WATER, MINIMUM 160°F (71°C), AND DRAIN TO MAXIMUM EXTENT”, to
preserved water tank in a conspicuous location, and DA Form 2258 annotated.
20. Fuel Servicing System.
a. Open or remove all drains and drain plugs to permit maximum drainage.
b. Install drain plugs.
c. Fill tank compartment with preservative oil MIL-PRF-21260, Type I, Grade PE-10-1 (WP 0029,
Item 18).
d. Pump preservative oil into all fuel compartments of the machine and all valves operated to their
maximum positions to provide the preservative contact with all surfaces.
e. Drain preservative from system as specified above.
f. Recover drained oil and reuse for processing of other machines provided not more than 10 percent of
the fluid is fuel when tested.
g. Secure manifold and emergency trip valve in open position.
h. Install drain plugs.
0025-5
TM 5-2420-231-10 0025
NOTE
As an alternate, it is preferred that the EPDS detail a fogging procedure that will
accomplish this preservation because of the environmental impact of using large
quantities of preservative oil and the amount of industrial waste that this generates.
i. Process tankers with a single tank compartment as specified above, except pump preservative oil
through servicing system and into recovery container.
21. Fuel Tanker Body and Equipment.
a. Coat with preservative oil of MIL-PRF-21260, Type I, Grade PE 10-1 (WP 0029, Item 18) all interior
surfaces of fuel compartments, including unpainted surfaces of underside of hatches, except
stainless steel, aluminum, and tanks with epoxy-based enamel or fuel resistant lacquer.
b. Close all openings of tank.
c. Secure red warning tag bearing the following information “BEFORE PLACING IN USE, FLUSH COM-
PARTMENT AND FUEL SERVICING SYSTEM WITH SAME FUEL WITH WHICH VEHICLE IS TO
BE FUELED, AND DRAIN TO MAXIMUM EXTENT” to the gravity gate valve.
d. Coat rubber seals of hatches with A-A-59303 (WP 0029, Item 31) then close and secure hatches.
e. Coat exterior unpainted metal surfaces of hose couplings, valves, and pump with preservative in
accordance with MIL-PRF-16173, Grade 4 (WP 0029, Item 6).
f. Secure equipment compartment drains in open position.
g. Identify and secure keys to machine stowage cabinet in conspicuous location adjacent to engine
instruments inside stowage cabinet.
22. Hardtop Cab.
a. Remove inspection access plates.

b. Coat all interior surfaces of doors, including inner surfaces of access plates, if unpainted, not
galvanized or otherwise corrosion protected (e.g., rustproofed), with MIL-PRF-16173, Grade 4
(WP 0029, Item 6) and install access plates.
c. Dust rubber molding not directly exposed to the elements, wherein metal-to-molding or molding-to-
molding contact is involved, (e.g., around doors, windows, and vents) with talc conforming to A-A-
59303 (WP 0029, Item 31).
d. Open windows 0.50 in. (1.3 cm) and cab air vents for ventilation.
e. Preserve, package, pack, and stow removed items separate from the BII, IAW the individual
document specified for the machine.
f. Install screens where necessary.
g. Fill out DA Form 2258, verifying steps a through g.
23. Gears, Chains, and Drives.
a. Coat exposed gears, non-precision drive chains, sprockets, and adjusting mechanisms with
preservative MIL-PRF-16173, Grade 4 (WP 0029, Item 6).
b. Coat exposed precision drive chains with preservative oil MIL-PRF-32033 (WP 0029, Item 19) to
ensure penetration to inner surfaces of rollers, pins, and bushings.
0025-6
TM 5-2420-231-10 0025
c. Allow excess MIL-PRF-32033 preservative specified to drain, then coat entire area with preservative
MIL-PRF-16173, Grade 4 (WP 0029, Item 6).
END OF TASK
LEVEL A LOADING
CAUTION
Level A processed machines cannot be driven and shall be lifted when movement is
necessary. Deck loading of Level A processed machines requires additional
preparation. Contact Engineering Design Activity for supplemental requirements. For
example, all openings in closed cabs, vans, and other closed type bodies shall be
sealed with tape SA E-AMS-T-22085 Type IV (WP 0029, Item 32). Radiator grills
shall be covered with a plywood cover, and doors shall be secured to prevent
accidental opening. Tarping of the machine is also highly desirable. Failure to follow
this caution may result in damage to machine or component.
Deck Loading. Deck loading of Level A processed machines is not authorized without prior approval to
ensure additional protective measures have been taken and the risk properly assessed.
END OF TASK
LEVEL B PREPARATION
NOTE
Equipment processed Level B is intended to provide protection for:
x Up to 48 months of storage under controlled humidity conditions.
x Outside storage for 90 days maximum without any exercising or maintenance.
x All equipment to be operational, drive-on/drive-off, with minimal processing.
1. Fuel Tanks. Unless another volume of fuel is specified, ship each machine with a minimum 1/4 tank of
fuel in the fuel tank. For storage, a minimum of 1/2 full tank of fuel and a maximum of 3/4 full tank is
recommended. Machine shipment data shall include the quantity, proper shipping name, and
identification of hazardous materials aboard the machine.
2. Batteries, Cables, and Retainers.
a. Install fully operational batteries, cables, and retainers.
b. Unless otherwise specified, disconnect batteries for storage exceeding 30 days and secure cable
ends from contact with terminals using tiedown straps.
c. Place tag (WP 0029, Item 30) stating, “BATTERIES ARE DISCONNECTED” in the driver’s
compartment and include quantity, proper shipping name, and identification of hazardous materials
aboard machine in shipment data.
3. BII. Unless otherwise specified, military preserve and pack Level A or B BII and stow aboard machine for
shipment. Stowage and securement methods shall be sufficient and safe for intended purpose.
a. Provide clearance for sling cables and lifting eyes during stowage and securement including blocking
and bracing and meet weight and clearance requirements of shipment mode.
b. Blocking and securement by banding shall prevent movement within machine.
0025-7
TM 5-2420-231-10 0025
LEVEL B PREPARATION – CONTINUED
c. The containers in or on machine and equipment which are placed in sheltered (not exposed to
elements) areas shall remain in place with machine and equipment.
d. Remove BII containers stowed in exposed locations on the machine and equipment, which are
exposed to the elements, and place inside warehouse.
e. Identify machine from which BII containers were removed and mark to indicate that outside storage is
not permitted.
4. Windshield Wiper Bottle. Fill windshield wiper water bottle with a water mixture that will prevent freezing
appropriate to area being assigned.
5. Securement. Load and secure each machine for transport.
a. Ensure loading and securement methods are sufficient and safe for intended purpose.
b. Loading and securement shall conform to carrier requirements and applicable transportation
regulations. Guidance for all modes of military shipments is provided by the Military Traffic
Management Command Transportation Engineering Agency.
END OF TASK
LEVEL B LOADING
CAUTION
Level B processed machines (drive-on/drive-off) are not acceptable for deck loading
on ocean transport. Failure to follow this caution may result in damage to machine or
component.
Quality Assurance Provisions. Unless otherwise specified in the contract or purchase order, the contractor
is responsible for establishing quality system that satisfies program objectives and meets all standard
requirements and give full consideration to specific requirements on EPDS for machine.
END OF TASK
END OF WORK PACKAGE
0025-8
TM 5-2420-231-10
CHAPTER 5
SUPPORTING INFORMATION
FOR
WORK PACKAGE INDEX
REFERENCES .....................................................................................................................................................0026
COMPONENTS OF END ITEM (COEI) AND BASIC ISSUE ITEMS (BII) LISTS...............................................0027
ADDITIONAL AUTHORIZATION LIST (AAL).....................................................................................................0028
EXPENDABLE AND DURABLE ITEMS LIST.....................................................................................................0029
TM 5-2420-231-10 0026
OPERATOR LEVEL
REFERENCES
SCOPE
This work package lists all field manuals, forms, technical bulletins, technical manuals, miscellaneous
publications, and military standards and specifications for use with the Backhoe Loader (BHL).
FIELD MANUALS
FM 3-3 Chemical and Biological Contamination Avoidance

FM 3-5 NBC Decontamination
FM 4-25.11 First Aid
FM 9-207 Operation and Maintenance of Ordnance Materiel in Cold Weather (0q to –65q)
FM 21-305 Manual for Wheeled Vehicle Driver
FM 31-70 Basic Cold Weather Manual
FM 31-71 Northern Operations
FM 90-6 Mountain Operations
FORMS
DA Form 2028 Recommended Changes to Publications and Blank Forms

DA Form 2062 Hand Receipt
DA Form 2404 Equipment Inspection and Maintenance Worksheet
DA Form 2408 Equipment Log Assembly (Records)
DA Form 2408-9 Equipment Control Record
DA Form 2408-20 Oil Analysis Log
DA Form 5988-E Equipment Inspection and Maintenance Worksheet
DD Form 314 Preventive Maintenance Schedule and Record
DD Form 518 Accident-Identification Card
DD Form 1397 Processing and Deprocessing Record for Shipment, Storage, and Issue of Vehicles
and Spare Engines
SF 91 Motor Vehicle Accident Report
SF 361 Transportation Discrepancy Report
SF 368 Product Quality Deficiency Report
TECHNICAL BULLETINS
TB 43-0213 Corrosion Prevention and Control
TECHNICAL MANUALS
TM 750-244-6 Procedures for Destruction of Tank-Automotive Materiel to Prevent Enemy Use
0026-1
TM 5-2420-231-10 0026
MISCELLANEOUS PUBLICATIONS
AR 700-138 Army Logistics Readiness and Sustainment

AR 735-11-2 Reporting of Supply Discrepancies
CTA 8-100 Army Medical Department Expendable/Durable Items
CTA 50-909 Field and Garrison Furnishings and Equipment
CTA 50-970 Expendable Items (Except Medical, Class V Repair Parts, and Heraldic Items)
DA PAM 25-30 Consolidated Index of Army Publications and Blank Forms
DA PAM 738-750 Functional Users Manual for The Army Maintenance Management System (TAMMS)
DA PAM 738-751 Functional Users Manual for The Army Maintenance Management System – Aviation
(TAMMS – A)
MILITARY STANDARDS AND SPECIFICATIONS
A-A-52557 Fuel Oil, Diesel

A-A-52624 Antifreeze
MIL-DTL-83133 Turbine Fuels, Aviation, Grades JP-4, JP-5, and JP-5/JP-8 ST
MIL-L-46167 Lubricating Oil, Internal Combustion Engine, Arctic
MIL-PRF-2104 Lubricating Oil, Internal Combustion Engine, Combat/Tactical Service
MIL-PRF-2105 Gear Oil
MIL-PRF-83282 Hydraulic Fluid
MIL-STD-913 Requirements for the Certification of Sling Loaded Military Equipment for External
Transportation by Department of Defense Helicopters
END OF WORK PACKAGE
0026-2
TM 5-2420-231-10 0027
OPERATOR LEVEL
COMPONENTS OF END ITEM (COEI) AND BASIC ISSUE ITEMS (BII) LISTS
INTRODUCTION
Scope
This work package lists COEI and BII for the Backhoe Loader (BHL) to help you inventory items for safe and
efficient operation of the equipment.
General
The COEI and BII information is divided into the following lists:
Components of End Item (COEI). This list is for information purposes only and is not authority to requisition
replacements. These items are part of the BHL. As part of the end item, these items must be with the end
item whenever it is issued or transferred between property accounts. Items of COEI are removed and
separately packaged for transportation or shipment only when necessary. Illustrations are furnished to help
you find and identify the items.
Basic Issue Items (BII). These essential items are required to place the BHL in operation, operate it, and to
do emergency repairs. Although shipped separately packaged, BII must be with the BHL during operation
and when it is transferred between property accounts. Listing these items is your authority to request/
requisition them for replacement based on authorization of the end item by the TOE/MTOE. Illustrations are
furnished to help you find and identify the items.
Explanation Of Columns In The COEI List And BII List
Column (1) Illus Number. Gives you the number of the item illustrated.
Column (2) National Stock Number (NSN). Identifies the stock number of the item to be used for
requisitioning purposes.
Column (3) Description, Part Number/(CAGEC). Identifies the Federal item name (in all capital letters)
followed by a minimum description when needed. The stowage location of COEI and BII is also included in
this column. The last line below the description is the part number and the Commercial and Government
Entity Code (CAGEC) (in parentheses).
Column (4) Usable On Code. When applicable, gives you a code if the item you need is not the same for
different models of equipment.
Column (5) U/I. Unit of Issue (U/I) indicates the physical measurement or count of the item as issued per the
National Stock Number shown in column (2).
Column (6) Qty Rqr. Indicates the quantity required.
0027-1
TM 5-2420-231-10 0027
COEI LIST
Table 1. Components of End Item List.
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)
ILLUS NATIONAL STOCK USABLE QTY

NUMBER NUMBER (NSN) DESCRIPTION, PART NUMBER/(CAGEC) ON CODE U/I RQR
NOT APPLICABLE.
0027-2
TM 5-2420-231-10 0027
BII LIST
Figure 1. Basic Issue Items.
0027-3
TM 5-2420-231-10 0027
BII LIST - Continued

Table 2. Basic Issue Items List.
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)

NATIONAL
ILLUS STOCK NUMBER USABLE QTY
NUMBER (NSN) DESCRIPTION, PART ON U/I RQR
NUMBER/(CAGEC) CODE
1 4930-00-288-1511 ADAPTER, GREASE GUN: coupling, flex - EA 1
(in tool box)
G6/(0AYB6)
2 5140-00-473-6256 BAG, TOOL - EA 1
(behind cargo net)
11655979/(19207)
3 7520-00-559-9618 CASE, COTTON DUCK - EA 1
(in TM storage box)
MIL-C-11743/(81349)
4 4030-01-251-7677 CLEVIS, EA 1
(in tool box)
8966T52/(39428)
5 4210-00-889-2221 EXTINGUISHER, FIRE: dry chemical - EA 1
(to right of operator seat)
CS4210-0009CEFN/(16236)
6 4910-00-204-3170 GAGE, TIRE PRESSURE, - EA 1
(in Technical Manual (TM) storage box)
5469P2/(39428)
7 9150-00-935-4018 GREASE, AUTOMOTIVE - CA 1
(in lubricating gun)
MIL-G-21164/(81349)
8 4930-00-253-2478 LUBRICATING GUN, HAND - EA 1
(in tool box)
1142/(1PL57)
9 - OPERATOR'S MANUAL - EA 1
(in TM storage box)
TM 5-2420-231-10
10 5340-01-539-6879 SHEET, TECHNICAL - EA 1
(in TM storage box)
87364088/(10988)
11 5340-01-539-6864 STRAP, TOW - EA 2
(in tool bag)
TS292X216/(0KCY2)
END OF WORK PACKAGE
0027-4
TM 5-2420-231-10 0028
OPERATOR LEVEL
ADDITIONAL AUTHORIZATION LIST (AAL)
INTRODUCTION
Scope
This work package lists additional items you are authorized for the support of the Backhoe Loader (BHL).
General
This list identifies items that do not have to accompany the BHL and that do not have to be turned in with it.
These items are all authorized to you by CTA, MTOE, TDA, or JTA.
Explanation Of Columns In The AAL
Column (1) National Stock Number (NSN). Identifies the stock number of the item to be used for
requisitioning purposes.
Column (2) Description,), Part Number/(CAGEC). Identifies the Federal item name (in all capital letters)
followed by a minimum description when needed. The last line below the description is the part number and
the Commercial and Government Entity Code (CAGEC) (in parentheses).
Column (3) Usable On Code. When applicable, gives you a code if the item you need is not the same for
different models of equipment.
Column (4) U/I. Unit of Issue (U/I) indicates the physical measurement or count of the item as issued per the
National Stock Number shown in column (1).
Column (5) Qty Recm. Indicates the quantity recommended.
0028-1
TM 5-2420-231-10 0028
AAL
Table 1. Additional Authorization List.
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)
NATIONAL
STOCK NUMBER USABLE QTY
(NSN) DESCRIPTION, PART NUMBER/(CAGEC) ON CODE U/I RECM
NOT APPLICABLE.
END OF WORK PACKAGE
0028-2
TM 5-2420-231-10 0029
OPERATOR LEVEL
EXPENDABLE AND DURABLE ITEMS LIST
INTRODUCTION
Scope
This work package lists expendable and durable items that you will need to operate and maintain the Backhoe
Loader (BHL). This list is for information only and is not authority to requisition the listed items. These items are
authorized to you by CTA 50-970, Expendable/Durable Items (Except: Medical, Class V Repair Parts, and
Heraldic Items), CTA 50-909, Field and Garrison Furnishings and Equipment, or CTA 8-100, Army Medical
Department Expendable/ Durable Items.
Explanation Of Columns In The Expandable And Durable Items List
Column (1) Item No. This number is assigned to the entry in the list and is referenced in the narrative
instructions to identify the item (e.g., “Use antifreeze (WP 0029, Item 1)”).
Column (2) Level. This column includes the lowest level of maintenance that requires the listed item
(C = Operator/Crew).
Column (3) National Stock Number (NSN). This is the NSN assigned to the item which you can use to requisition
it.
Column (4) Item Name, Description, Part Number/(CAGEC). This column provides the other information you
need to identify the item. The last line below the description is the part number and the Commercial and
Government Entity Code (CAGEC) (in parentheses).
Column (5) U/I. Unit of Issue (U/I) code shows the physical measurement or count of an item, such as gallon,
dozen, gross, etc.
0029-1
TM 5-2420-231-10 0029
EXPENDABLE AND DURABLE ITEMS LIST
Table 1. Expendable and Durable Items List.
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

ITEM NATIONAL STOCK ITEM NAME, DESCRIPTION, PART
NO. LEVEL NUMBER (NSN) NUMBER/(CAGEC) U/I
1 C 6850-00-664-1403 Antifreeze, 1 gallon GL
A-A-52624/(58536)
2 C Barrier Materials
MIL-PRF-22191 Type IV
3 C 5340-00-450-5718 Cap set, protective EA
Dust and Moisture Seal
10935405/(19207)
4 C 7930-01-306-8369 Cleaning compound, simple green, 1 gallon BX
13005/(1Z575)
5 C Containers
MIL-PRF-2073-1C
6 C 8030-00-062-5866 Corrosion preventive compound, 1 gallon GL
MIL-C-16173(81349)
7 C 8030-00-251-5048 Corrosion preventive compound, 1 gallon GL
MIL-C-10382/(81349)
8 C 7930-00-282-9699 Detergent, general purpose GL
MIL-D-16791/(81349)
9 C 6820-00-001-4192 Dye, leak detection, 1 gallon GL
MIL-D-81298/(81349)
10 C 9140-00-286-5286 Fuel, diesel, DF-1, bulk GL
A-A-52557/58536)
11 C 9140-00-286-5294 Fuel, diesel, DF-2, bulk GL
AA-52557/(58536)
12 C 9130-00-272-2379 Fuel, turbine, aviation, JP5, 55 gallon DR
MIL-PRF-5624/(58536)
13 C 5130-01-031-5816 Fuel, turbine, aviation, JP8, bulk GL
MIL-T-83133/(81349)
14 C 9150-01-035-5391 Gear oil, 75W, 55 gallon drum DR
MIL-PRF-2105/(81349)
15 C 9150-00-935-4018 Grease, molybdenum disulfide, 14 oz. cartridge CA
MIL-G-21164/(81349)
0029-2
TM 5-2420-231-10 0029
EXPENDABLE AND DURABLE ITEMS LIST - Continued
Table 1. Expendable and Durable Items List - Continued.
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

16 C 9150-01-525-3539 Hydraulic fluid, lubricating oil, 5W-40, 1 quart can CN
MIL-PRF-2104/(81349)
17 C 9150-01-114-9968 Hydraulic fluid, transmission, 55 gallon drum DR
Dexron III/(24617)
18 C 9150-01-359-8567 Oil, lubricating, engine, 1 gallon GL
MIL-PRF-21260/(81349)
19 C 9150-00-231-9045 Oil, lubricating, general purpose, 1 gallon GL
MIL-PRF-32033/(81349)
20 C 9150-01-402-4478 Oil, lubricating, internal combustion engine, arctic, CN
OEA, 1 quart
MIL-L-46167/(81349)
21 C 9150-01-152-4117 Oil, lubricating, internal combustion engine, CN
OE/HDO-15/40, 1 quart
MIL-PRF-2104/(81349)
OE/HDO-30, 1 quart
MIL-PRF-2104/(81349)
OE/HDO-40, 1 quart
MIL-PRF-2104/(81349)
24 C 9150-00-889-3523 Oil, lubricating preservative, corrosion inhibited, QT
1 quart
MIL-PRF-46002/(81349)
25 C 8030-01-282-5626 Preservative coating, rubber, 1 gallon GL
A-A-52408/(58536)
26 C 8010-01-359-9245 Primer coating, 1 gallon GL
A-A-52465/(58536)
27 C 7920-00-205-3571 Rag, wiping, cotton and cotton synthetic BX
DDD-R-0030, Grade B/(81348)
28 C 2540-00-077-0521 Solvent, windshield washer BT
WA30D/(60703)
29 C 5975-00-935-5946 Strap, Tiedown, Electrical Components, HD
13.35 in. Minimum Length, Package of 100
MS3367-2-1/(96906)
30 C 9905-00-537-8954 Tag, Marker, Bundle of 50 BD
9905-00-537-8954/(64067)
0029-3
TM 5-2420-231-10 0029
EXPENDABLE AND DURABLE ITEMS LIST - Continued
Table 1. Expendable and Durable Items List - Continued.
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

31 C 6810-00-270-9990 Talc, technical, 1 can CN
A-A-59303/(58536)
32 C Tape
SAE-AMS-T-22085, Type IV
33 C 5640-00-103-2254 Tape, duct RL
1791K70/(89428)
END OF WORK PACKAGE
0029-4
TM 5-2420-231-10
INDEX
Subject WP Sequence No.-Page No.
Additional Authorization List (AAL) ................................................................................. 0028-1
Auxiliary Equipment Operation (See Operation Under Usual Conditions)
Backhoe Loader (BHL) Operation (See Operation Under Usual Conditions)
Backhoe, Location and Description ................................................................................ 0002-2

Backhoe Boom, Location and Description ............................................................... 0002-2
Backhoe Bucket, Location and Description ............................................................. 0002-2
Backhoe Dipper, Location and Description.............................................................. 0002-2
Backhoe Operation (See Operation Under Usual Conditions)
Basic Issue Items (BII) List ............................................................................................. 0027-4
Battery Box, Location and Description ........................................................................... 0002-4
Cab Air Filter Service...................................................................................................... 0023-18

Cab Air Filter (Figure 11).......................................................................................... 0023-19
Cleaning.......................................................................................................................... 0024-1
Closing Engine Hood ...................................................................................................... 0023-5
Components of End Item (COEI) List ............................................................................. 0027-2
Controls and Indicators

Backhoe Control Levers Pattern 1 ........................................................................... 0007-6
Backhoe Control Levers Pattern 2 ........................................................................... 0007-7
Cab Air Louvers ....................................................................................................... 0009-10
Cab Latches ............................................................................................................. 0009-13
Display Screen ......................................................................................................... 0008-4
Dome Lamp.............................................................................................................. 0009-12
FEL Control Lever .................................................................................................... 0006-2
Foot Pedals .............................................................................................................. 0009-2
Front Console........................................................................................................... 0005-2
Left Backhoe Control Tower..................................................................................... 0007-2
Left Rear Console .................................................................................................... 0005-4
Light Control Switch ................................................................................................. 0009-16
Miscellaneous Cab Items ......................................................................................... 0009-14
Index-1
TM 5-2420-231-10
INDEX - Continued
C - Continued
Controls and Indicators - Continued

Parking Brake........................................................................................................... 0009-4
Right Backhoe Control Tower .................................................................................. 0007-4
Right Hand Instrument Panel ................................................................................... 0004-2
Seat .......................................................................................................................... 0009-6
Seat Belt................................................................................................................... 0009-8
Transmission............................................................................................................ 0008-2
Coolant Fluid Level Check.............................................................................................. 0023-12

Coolant Reservoir (Figure 7).................................................................................... 0023-13
Decal/Data Plates
Decals and Operation Instruction Plates.................................................................. 0013-2
Stowage and Decal/Data Plate Guide ..................................................................... 0016-1
Data Plate Locations (Figure 1)......................................................................... 0016-1
Degraded Operation (See Operation Under Unusual Conditions)
Description and Location of Equipment (See Equipment Description and Data)
Engine, Location and Description................................................................................... 0002-2
Engine Hood Raising/Closing......................................................................................... 0023-4

Engine Hood Raising/Closing (Figure 2).................................................................. 0023-4
Engine Hood, Location and Description ......................................................................... 0002-2
Engine Oil Level Check .................................................................................................. 0023-16

Engine Oil Dipstick and Fill Cap (Figure 10) ............................................................ 0023-17
Engine Oil Grade Selection Chart (Table 2) ............................................................ 0023-17
Equipment Description and Data

Equipment Characteristics, Capabilities, and Features ........................................... 0002-1
Equipment Data ....................................................................................................... 0002-7
Backhoe Lifting Capacities (Figure 4) ............................................................... 0002-14
Backhoe Lifting Capacities (Table 5)................................................................. 0002-15
Backhoe Physical Dimensions (Figure 3).......................................................... 0002-12
Backhoe Physical Dimensions (Table 4)........................................................... 0002-13
BHL.................................................................................................................... 0002-7
Equipment Data (Table 2)............................................................................. 0002-7
Physical Dimensions (Figure 2).................................................................... 0002-10
Physical Dimensions (Table 3) ..................................................................... 0002-11
Index-2
TM 5-2420-231-10
INDEX - Continued
E - Continued
Equipment Description and Data - Continued

Location and Description of Major Components ...................................................... 0002-2
Backhoe............................................................................................................. 0002-2
Backhoe Boom ............................................................................................. 0002-2
Backhoe Bucket............................................................................................ 0002-2
Backhoe Dipper ............................................................................................ 0002-2
Battery Box ........................................................................................................ 0002-4
Engine................................................................................................................ 0002-2
Engine Hood ...................................................................................................... 0002-2
Exhaust Pipe...................................................................................................... 0002-2
FEL .................................................................................................................... 0002-2
FEL Bucket ................................................................................................... 0002-2
FEL Bucket Cylinders ................................................................................... 0002-2
FEL Lift Arms ................................................................................................ 0002-2
FEL Lift Arms Cylinders ................................................................................ 0002-2
FEL Lift Arms Safety Support Strut .............................................................. 0002-2
Front Lights........................................................................................................ 0002-2
Fuel Tank........................................................................................................... 0002-2
Hydraulic Tank................................................................................................... 0002-4
Location of Major Components (Figure 1)......................................................... 0002-3
Major Components (Table 1)............................................................................. 0002-2
NATO Slave Receptacle.................................................................................... 0002-4
Rear Lights ........................................................................................................ 0002-4
ROPS/FOPS Cab .............................................................................................. 0002-4
Stabilizers .......................................................................................................... 0002-2
Tool Box............................................................................................................. 0002-4
Exhaust Pipe, Location and Description......................................................................... 0002-2
Expendable and Durable Items List................................................................................ 0029-1
FEL, Location and Description ....................................................................................... 0002-2

FEL Bucket, Location and Description..................................................................... 0002-2
FEL Bucket Cylinders, Location and Description..................................................... 0002-2
FEL Lift Arms, Location and Description.................................................................. 0002-2
FEL Lift Arms Cylinders, Location and Description ................................................. 0002-2
FEL Lift Arms Safety Support Strut, Location and Description ................................ 0002-2
FEL Bucket Teeth and Cutting Edges Measurement ..................................................... 0023-25

FEL Bucket Teeth and Cutting Edges Measurement (Figure 15)............................ 0023-27
FEL Lift Arms Safety Support Strut Disengagement ...................................................... 0023-4

FEL Lift Arms Safety Support Strut Engagement/Disengagement (Figure 1) ......... 0023-3
Index-3
TM 5-2420-231-10
INDEX - Continued
F - Continued
FEL Lift Arms Safety Support Strut Engagement........................................................... 0023-2

FEL Lift Arms Safety Support Strut Engagement/Disengagement (Figure 1) ......... 0023-3
Fire Extinguisher Service................................................................................................ 0023-20

Fire Extinguisher (Figure 12).................................................................................... 0023-20
Fording (See Operation Under Unusual Conditions)
Front End Loader (FEL) Operation (See Operation Under Usual Conditions)
Front Lights, Location and Description ........................................................................... 0002-2
Fuel Tank, Location and Description .............................................................................. 0002-2
Fuel Tank Level Check ................................................................................................... 0023-5

Fuel Grade Selection Chart (Table 1) ...................................................................... 0023-7
Fuel Tank (Figure 3)................................................................................................. 0023-7
Fuse Replacement.......................................................................................................... 0023-22

Fuse Replacement (Figure 14) ................................................................................ 0023-28
General Information
Corrosion Prevention and Control (CPC)................................................................. 0001-1
Destruction of Army Materiel to Prevent Enemy Use .............................................. 0001-2
List of Abbreviations/Acronyms................................................................................ 0001-2
Maintenance Forms, Records, and Reports ............................................................ 0001-1
Preparation for Storage or Shipment ....................................................................... 0001-2
Reporting Equipment Improvement Recommendations (EIR)................................. 0001-1
Scope ....................................................................................................................... 0001-1
Hydraulic Fluid Level Check ........................................................................................... 0023-9

Hydraulic Tank (Figure 5)......................................................................................... 0023-10
Hydraulic Tank, Location and Description ...................................................................... 0002-4
I, J, K
Instruction Plates, Decals and Operation ....................................................................... 0013-2
Index-4
TM 5-2420-231-10
INDEX - Continued
L, M
Loading Plan (See On-Vehicle Equipment Loading Plan)
Location and Description of Major Components (See Equipment Description and Data)
Lubrication Instructions................................................................................................... 0022-12

Backhoe Grease Fittings ................................................................................... 0022-14
Backhoe Grease Fittings (Table 3) ............................................................. 0022-14
Backhoe Grease Fittings (Figure 3) ............................................................ 0022-15
BHL Grease Fittings .......................................................................................... 0022-16
BHL Grease Fittings (Table 4) .................................................................... 0022-16
BHL Grease Fittings (Figure 4) ................................................................... 0022-16
FEL Grease Fittings........................................................................................... 0022-12
FEL Grease Fittings (Table 2)..................................................................... 0022-12
FEL Grease Fittings (Figure 2) ................................................................... 0022-13
NATO Slave Receptacle, Location and Description....................................................... 0002-4
On-Vehicle Equipment Loading Plan

Loading Plan List (Table 1) ...................................................................................... 0017-3
Loading Plan Locations (Figure 1) ........................................................................... 0017-2
Operation Under Unusual Conditions

Degraded Operation................................................................................................. 0015-8
Slave Starting Operation ................................................................................... 0015-8
NATO Slave Receptacle (Figure 4) .............................................................. 0015-9
Towing Disabled BHL ........................................................................................ 0015-10
Towing the BHL (Figure 5)............................................................................ 0015-12
Fording ..................................................................................................................... 0015-6
Fording (Figure 2) .............................................................................................. 0015-6
4WD Switch (Figure 3) ...................................................................................... 0015-7
Unusual Environment/Weather ................................................................................ 0015-2
Cold Weather Operation.................................................................................... 0015-2
Hot Weather Operation...................................................................................... 0015-4
Soft or Muddy Area Operation........................................................................... 0015-5
Differential Lock Switch (Figure 1)................................................................ 0015-5
Operation Under Usual Conditions

Auxiliary Equipment Operation ................................................................................ 0014-2
Backhoe Auxiliary Hydraulic Lines (Figure 1).................................................... 0014-2
Index-5
TM 5-2420-231-10
INDEX - Continued
O - Continued
Operation Under Usual Conditions - Continued

Backhoe Operation
Configuring Backhoe to Transport Position....................................................... 0012-11
Backhoe Boom Latch (Figure 6)................................................................... 0012-11
Digging with Backhoe ........................................................................................ 0012-8
Backhoe Digging (Figure 4) .......................................................................... 0012-9
Danger Area (Figure 3)................................................................................. 0012-8
Installing Backhoe Bucket ................................................................................. 0012-17
Backhoe Bucket, Boom, and Dipper (Figure 8) ............................................ 0012-15
Backhoe Bucket Installation (Figure 10)....................................................... 0002-18
Lifting with Backhoe........................................................................................... 0012-12
Backhoe Lifting Eye (Figure 7) ..................................................................... 0012-13
Moving the BHL Away from Excavation Site on Level Ground
Using Backhoe................................................................................................. 0012-10
Moving the BHL Using Backhoe (Figure 5) .................................................. 0012-10
Preparing Backhoe for Operation ...................................................................... 0012-2
Flipover Stabilizer Pads (Figure 1) ............................................................... 0012-4
Swing Lock Pin (Figure 2)............................................................................. 0012-5
Removing Backhoe Bucket ............................................................................... 0012-15
Backhoe Bucket, Boom, and Dipper (Figure 8) ............................................ 0012-15
Backhoe Bucket Removal (Figure 9)............................................................ 0012-16
Backhoe Loader (BHL) Operation
Breaking in the BHL........................................................................................... 0010-1
Loading the BHL onto Trailer............................................................................. 0010-8
Operating the BHL on Hill.................................................................................. 0010-7
Operating on a Hill (Figure 2) ....................................................................... 0010-8
Parking the BHL and Shutting Engine Off ......................................................... 0010-4
Preparing the BHL for Operation ....................................................................... 0010-5
Priming Turbocharger........................................................................................ 0010-3
Fuel Pump Solenoid Switch (Figure 1) ......................................................... 0010-4
Starting Engine .................................................................................................. 0010-2
Unloading the BHL off Trailer ............................................................................ 0010-10
Front End Loader (FEL) Operation
Installing FEL Bucket......................................................................................... 0011-8
FEL Bucket Removal/Installation (Figure 5) ................................................. 0011-7
Lifting with FEL .................................................................................................. 0011-5
FEL Lifting Points (Figure 4) ......................................................................... 0011-5
Operating FEL Bucket ....................................................................................... 0011-2
Clutch Cutout Switch (Figure 1).................................................................... 0011-3
4-in-1 FEL Bucket Indicators (Figure 2)........................................................ 0011-3
4-in-1 FEL Bucket Operation (Figure 3) ....................................................... 0011-4
Removing FEL Bucket....................................................................................... 0011-6
FEL Bucket Removal/Installation (Figure 5) ................................................. 0011-7
Index-6
TM 5-2420-231-10
INDEX - Continued
P, Q
Parking Brake Adjustment .............................................................................................. 0023-15

Parking Brake (Figure 9) .......................................................................................... 0023-15
Preparation For 30 Day Storage..................................................................................... 0023-23
Preventive Maintenance Checks and Services (PMCS), Including Lubrication

Instructions
Introduction .............................................................................................................. 0021-1
Corrosion Prevention and Control (CPC) .......................................................... 0021-1
Fluid Leakage .................................................................................................... 0021-3
Inspection .......................................................................................................... 0021-2
PMCS Column Descriptions .............................................................................. 0021-4
Warranty Hardtime Statement ........................................................................... 0021-3
Lubrication Instructions ............................................................................................ 0022-12
Backhoe Grease Fittings ................................................................................... 0022-14
Backhoe Grease Fittings (Table 3) ............................................................. 0022-14
Backhoe Grease Fittings (Figure 3) ............................................................ 0022-15
BHL Grease Fittings .......................................................................................... 0022-16
BHL Grease Fittings (Table 4) .................................................................... 0022-16
BHL Grease Fittings (Figure 4) ................................................................... 0022-16
FEL Grease Fittings........................................................................................... 0022-12
FEL Grease Fittings (Table 2)..................................................................... 0022-12
FEL Grease Fittings (Figure 2) ................................................................... 0022-13
PMCS (Table 1) ....................................................................................................... 0022-2
Accelerator and Hand Throttle (During) ............................................................ 0022-4
Backhoe Bucket (After)...................................................................................... 0022-8
Batteries (After).................................................................................................. 0022-9
Battery Box/Tool Box (After).............................................................................. 0022-9
BHL (After)......................................................................................................... 0022-11
BHL Exterior (After) ........................................................................................... 0022-5
BHL Exterior (Before) ........................................................................................ 0022-2
Cooling System (Before) ................................................................................... 0022-3
Cooling System Reservoir/Windshield Washer Reservoir (After) ..................... 0022-6
Diagram, Walkaround........................................................................................ 0022-1
Engine (Before).................................................................................................. 0022-3
Engine (During).................................................................................................. 0022-4
Engine Air Filter (After) ...................................................................................... 0022-6
Engine Oil (Before) ............................................................................................ 0022-3
Exhaust System and Turbocharger (After)........................................................ 0022-6
Fan and Belts (After) ......................................................................................... 0022-6
FEL Bucket (After) ............................................................................................. 0022-10
FEL Lift Arms, Cylinders, and Hoses (After) ..................................................... 0022-10
FEL Lift Arms Safety Support Strut (After) ........................................................ 0022-5
Fire Extinguisher (Before).................................................................................. 0022-3
Front End Loader (FEL) and Backhoe Operation (During) ............................... 0022-4
Front Lights/Windshield Wiper (After)................................................................ 0022-10
Fuel Filter (Weekly or 50 Hours)........................................................................ 0022-11
Index-7
TM 5-2420-231-10
INDEX - Continued
P, Q - Continued
Preventive Maintenance Checks and Services (PMCS), Including Lubrication

Instructions - Continued
PMCS (Table 1) - Continued.................................................................................... 0022-2
Fuel Tank (After)................................................................................................ 0022-10
Heat and Air Conditioning (Before).................................................................... 0022-4
Hydraulic Tank (Before)..................................................................................... 0022-2
Left Front Tire and Wheel (Before).................................................................... 0022-2
Left Rear Tire and Wheel (Before) .................................................................... 0022-2
Left Side of Backhoe Boom, Dipper, and Hoses (After).................................... 0022-7
Left Side of Backhoe Swing Post (After) ........................................................... 0022-7
Left Stabilizer (After).......................................................................................... 0022-7
Lights, Gages, Warning Indicators, and Audible Alarms (Before)..................... 0022-3
Mirror and Glass (Before) .................................................................................. 0022-3
NATO Slave Receptacle (After)......................................................................... 0022-9
Rear Lights/Windshield Wiper (After) ................................................................ 0022-8
Reverse Alarm (Before)..................................................................................... 0022-4
Right Front Tire and Wheel (Before) ................................................................. 0022-2
Right Rear Tire and Wheel (Before) .................................................................. 0022-2
Right Side of Backhoe Boom, Dipper, and Hoses (After) ................................. 0022-8
Right Side of Backhoe Swing Post (After)......................................................... 0022-8
Right Stabilizer (After) ....................................................................................... 0022-8
Seat and Seat Belt (Before)............................................................................... 0022-3
Service Brakes/Parking Brake (Before)............................................................. 0022-4
Steering (During) ............................................................................................... 0022-4
Transmission (During) ....................................................................................... 0022-4
Transmission Fluid (After) ................................................................................. 0022-5
Two Tow Straps (After)...................................................................................... 0022-11
Two Tow Straps (Weekly or 50 Hours).............................................................. 0022-11
Raising Engine Hood ...................................................................................................... 0023-4
Rear Lights, Location and Description............................................................................ 0002-4
Removal From 30 Day Storage ...................................................................................... 0023-24
References ..................................................................................................................... 0026-1

Field Manuals........................................................................................................... 0026-1
Forms ....................................................................................................................... 0026-1
Miscellaneous Publications ...................................................................................... 0026-2
Military Standards and Specifications ...................................................................... 0026-2
Scope ....................................................................................................................... 0026-1
Technical Bulletins ................................................................................................... 0026-1
Technical Manuals ................................................................................................... 0026-1
ROPS/FOPS Cab, Location and Description ................................................................. 0002-4
Index-8
TM 5-2420-231-10
INDEX - Continued
Service Upon Receipt

Preliminary Checks and Adjustment of Equipment.................................................. 0020-1
Service Upon Receipt of Materiel ............................................................................ 0020-1
Servicing
Cab Air Filter Service ............................................................................................... 0023-18
Cab Air Filter (Figure 11) ................................................................................... 0023-19
Closing Engine Hood ............................................................................................... 0023-5
Coolant Fluid Level Check ....................................................................................... 0023-12
Coolant Reservoir (Figure 7) ............................................................................. 0023-13
Engine Hood Raising/Closing .................................................................................. 0023-4
Engine Hood Raising/Closing (Figure 2) ........................................................... 0023-4
Engine Oil Level Check............................................................................................ 0023-16
Engine Oil Dipstick and Fill Cap (Figure 10) ..................................................... 0023-17
Engine Oil Grade Selection Chart (Table 2)...................................................... 0023-17
FEL Bucket Teeth and Cutting Edges Measurement .............................................. 0023-25
FEL Bucket Teeth and Cutting Edges Measurement (Figure 15) ..................... 0023-27
FEL Lift Arms Safety Support Strut Disengagement ............................................... 0023-4
FEL Lift Arms Safety Support Strut Engagement/Disengagement (Figure 1)... 0023-3
FEL Lift Arms Safety Support Strut Engagement .................................................... 0023-2
FEL Lift Arms Safety Support Strut Engagement/Disengagement (Figure 1)... 0023-3
Fire Extinguisher Service ......................................................................................... 0023-20
Fire Extinguisher (Figure 12) ............................................................................. 0023-20
Fuel Tank Level Check ............................................................................................ 0023-5
Fuel Grade Selection Chart (Table 1)................................................................ 0023-7
Fuel Tank (Figure 3) .......................................................................................... 0023-7
Fuse Replacement ................................................................................................... 0023-22
Fuse Replacement (Figure 14).......................................................................... 0023-23
Hydraulic Fluid Level Check..................................................................................... 0023-9
Hydraulic Tank (Figure 5) .................................................................................. 0023-10
Introduction .............................................................................................................. 0023-1
Parking Brake Adjustment........................................................................................ 0023-15
Parking Brake (Figure 9) ................................................................................... 0023-15
Preparation For 30 Day Storage .............................................................................. 0023-23
Raising Engine Hood ............................................................................................... 0023-4
Removal From 30 Day Storage ............................................................................... 0023-24
Tire Pressure Check ................................................................................................ 0023-21
Tire Pressure (Figure 13) .................................................................................. 0023-22
Transmission Fluid Level Check .............................................................................. 0023-11
Transmission Dipstick (Figure 6) ....................................................................... 0023-11
Water and Sediment in Fuel System Check ............................................................ 0023-8
Sediment Check (Figure 4)................................................................................ 0023-9
Windshield Washer Solvent Level Check ................................................................ 0023-14
Windshield Washer Reservoir (Figure 8) .......................................................... 0023-14
Stabilizers, Location and Description ............................................................................. 0002-2
Index-9
TM 5-2420-231-10
INDEX - Continued
S - Continued
Stowage and Decal/Data Plate Guide

Decal/Data Plate Guide............................................................................................ 0016-1
Data Plate Locations (Figure 1)......................................................................... 0016-1
Stowage Guide......................................................................................................... 0016-1
Tire Pressure Check ....................................................................................................... 0023-21

Tire Pressure (Figure 13) ......................................................................................... 0023-22
Theory of Operation
Principles of Operation............................................................................................. 0003-1
Cooling System.................................................................................................. 0003-1
Electrical Power ................................................................................................. 0003-1
Engine................................................................................................................ 0003-1
Fuel System....................................................................................................... 0003-1
Hydraulic Power................................................................................................. 0003-2
Steering System ................................................................................................ 0003-1
Transmission ..................................................................................................... 0003-1
Tool Box, Location and Description................................................................................ 0002-4
Transmission Fluid Level Check..................................................................................... 0023-11

Transmission Dipstick (Figure 6) ............................................................................. 0023-11
Troubleshooting
Index......................................................................................................................... 0018-1
Introduction .............................................................................................................. 0019-1
Troubleshooting Procedures (Table 1) .................................................................... 0019-2
Air Conditioner ................................................................................................... 0019-7
Backhoe............................................................................................................. 0019-6
Brakes................................................................................................................ 0019-5
Cooling System.................................................................................................. 0019-6
Electrical System ............................................................................................... 0019-7
Engine................................................................................................................ 0019-2
Front End Loader (FEL)..................................................................................... 0019-5
Hydraulics .......................................................................................................... 0019-5
Steering ............................................................................................................. 0019-4
Transmission ..................................................................................................... 0019-5
U, V
Unusual Environment/Weather (See Operation Under Unusual Conditions)
Index-10
TM 5-2420-231-10
INDEX - Continued
W, X, Y, Z
Water and Sediment in Fuel System Check................................................................... 0023-8

Sediment Check (Figure 4) ...................................................................................... 0023-9
Windshield Washer Solvent Level Check....................................................................... 0023-14

Windshield Washer Reservoir (Figure 8) ................................................................. 0023-14
Index-11/12 blank
RECOMMENDED CHANGES TO PUBLICATIONS Use Part II (reverse) for Repair Parts and DATE
AND BLANK FORMS Special Tool Lists (RPSTL) and Supply
Date you filled out
Catalogs/Supply Manuals (SC/SM).
For use of this form, see AR 25-30; the proponent agency is ODISC4. this form.
TO: (Forward to proponent of publication or form) (Include ZIP Code) FROM: (Activity and location) (Include ZIP Code)
U.S. Army TACOM Life Cycle Management Command
ATTN: AMSTA-LC-LMP/TECH PUBS Your mailing address
1 Rock Island Arsenal, Rock Island, IL 61299-7630
PART I – ALL PUBLICATIONS (EXCEPT RPSTL AND SC/SM) AND BLANK FORMS
PUBLICATION/FORM NUMBER DATE Title
Operator's Manual for Industrial Wheeled Tractor
TM 5-2420-231-10 27 February 2009 Backhoe Loader (BHL)
ITEM PAGE PARA- LINE FIGURE TABLE RECOMMENDED CHANGES AND REASON
NO. NO. GRAPH NO. * NO. NO. (Provide exact wording of recommended changes, if possible).
2 001702 Part number supplied for item 2 is incorrect.
*Reference to line numbers within the paragraph or subparagraph.

TYPED NAME, GRADE OR TITLE TELEPHONE EXCHANGE/AUTOVON, PLUS EXTENSION Signature
Your Signature
Your Name
DA FORM 2028, FEB 74 REPLACES DA FORM 2028, 1 DEC 68, WHICH WILL BE USED. USAPPC V3.00
TO: (Forward direct to addressee listed in publication) FROM: (Activity and location) (Include ZIP Code) DATE
U. S. Army TACOM Life Cycle Management Command Your address Date you filled out this
ATTN: AMSTA-LC-LMPP/TECH PUBS form
PART II – REPAIR PARTS AND SPECIAL TOOL LISTS AND SUPPLY CATALOGS/SUPPLY MANUALS
TITLE Operator's Manual for Industrial
PUBLICATION NUMBER DATE
TM 5-2420-231-10 27 February 2009 Wheeled Tractor Backhoe Loader (BHL)
TOTAL NO.
PAGE COLM LINE NATIONAL STOCK REFERENCE FIGURE ITEM OF MAJOR
NO. NO. NO. NUMBER NO. NO. NO. ITEMS RECOMMENDED ACTION
SUPPORTED
SAMPLE
PART III – REMARKS (Any general remarks or recommendations, or suggestions for improvement of publications and blank
forms. Additional blank sheets may be used if more space is needed.)
TYPED NAME, GRADE OR TITLE TELEPHONE EXCHANGE/AUTOVON, PLUS EXTENSION SIGNATURE
Your Name Your Signature

USAPPC V3.00
For use of this form, see AR 25-30; the proponent agency is ODISC4.
TO: (Forward to proponent of publication or form)(Include ZIP Code) FROM: (Activity and location) (Include ZIP Code)
U.S. Army TACOM Life Cycle Management Command

ATTN: AMSTA-LC-LMPP/TECH PUBS
PART I – ALL PUBLICATIONS (EXCEPT RPSTL AND SC/SM) AND BLANK FORMS
PUBLICATION/FORM NUMBER DATE TITLE Operator's Manual for Industrial Wheeled
TM 5-2420-231-10 27 February 2009 Tractor Backhoe Loader (BHL)
TYPED NAME, GRADE OR TITLE TELEPHONE EXCHANGE/AUTOVON, PLUS SIGNATURE

EXTENSION
TO: (Forward direct to addressee listed in publication) FROM: (Activity and location) (Include ZIP Code) DATE
U. S. Army TACOM Life Cycle Management Command
PUBLICATION NUMBER DATE TITLE Operator's Manual for Industrial Wheeled
TOTAL NO.
SUPPORTED
USAPPC V3.00
For use of this form, see AR 25-30; the proponent agency is ODISC4.
TO: (Forward to proponent of publication or form) (Include ZIP Code) FROM: (Activity and location) (Include ZIP Code)
PUBLICATION/FORM NUMBER DATE TITLE Operator's Manual for Industrial Wheeled


TYPED NAME, GRADE OR TITLE TELEPHONE EXCHANGE/AUTOVON, PLUS SIGNATURE
EXTENSION
FROM: (Activity and location) (Include ZIP Code) DATE
TO: (Forward direct to addressee listed in publication)
PUBLICATION NUMBER DATE TITLE Operator's Manual for Industrial Wheeled
TOTAL NO.
SUPPORTED
USAPPC V3.00
By Order of the Secretary of the Army:
GEORGE W. CASEY, JR.

General, United States Army
Official: Chief of Staff
JOYCE E. MORROW
Administrative Assistant to the
Secretary of the Army
0904303
DISTRIBUTION: To be distributed in accordance with Initial Distribution Number (IDN) 256905,

requirements for TM 5-2420-231-10.
PIN: 083338-000

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DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A – Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.

HEADQUARTERS, DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY

For first aid, refer to FM 4-25.11.

First aid for battery acid exposure:

x Antidote: EXTERNAL – Flush with water.

EXPLANATION OF STANDARD SAFETY WARNING ICONS

WARNING SUMMARY - Continued

TOPPLE – Vehicle falling over shows that vehicle can topple.

WARNING SUMMARY - Continued

UNCONTROLLED MOVEMENT – Boom striking person shows that uncontrolled

RUNOVER – Vehicle on top of human figure shows an uncontrolled vehicle can

GENERAL SAFETY WARNINGS DESCRIPTION

Before Operating The BHL

WARNING SUMMARY - Continued

Before Operating The BHL - Continued

Operation Of The BHL

x Is instructed in safe and proper use of the BHL.

x Reads and understands manual(s) pertaining to the BHL.

x Reads and understands all safety decals on the BHL.

x Clears area of all other personnel.

WARNING SUMMARY - Continued

Operation Of The BHL - Continued

WARNING SUMMARY - Continued

Operation Of The BHL - Continued

WARNING SUMMARY - Continued

Operation Of The BHL - Continued

WARNING SUMMARY - Continued

Operation on Hill - Continued

WARNING SUMMARY - Continued

WARNING SUMMARY - Continued

Operation of Backhoe - Continued

Towing The BHL

WARNING SUMMARY - Continued

Towing The BHL - Continued

WARNING SUMMARY - Continued

WARNING SUMMARY - Continued

Parking The BHL

If part of the BHL touches high voltage power, do the following:

x Warn all other personnel to stay away from the BHL.

WARNING SUMMARY - Continued

WARNING SUMMARY - Continued

WARNING SUMMARY - Continued

EXPLANATION OF BHL SPECIFIC HAZARDOUS MATERIALS ICONS

WARNING SUMMARY - Continued

HAZARDOUS MATERIALS DESCRIPTION

x Be alert at all times. Check for odor of exhaust fumes.

WARNING SUMMARY - Continued

WARNING SUMMARY - Continued

First aid for battery acid exposure:

x Antidote: EXTERNAL – Flush with water.

WARNING SUMMARY - Continued

WARNING SUMMARY - Continued

WARNING SUMMARY - Continued

LIST OF EFFECTIVE PAGES/WORK PACKAGES

Date of issue for original manual is:

Original ………. 27 February 2009

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