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    Serial To Parallel Conversion

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    Vij Ay
    FFT and IFFT are inverse transforms of each other. Applying FFT followed by IFFT, or vice versa, will reproduce the original signal. In OFDM, IFFT is used at the transmitter to modulate subcarriers, while FFT is used at the receiver for demodulation. The transmitter takes a serial bitstream and converts it to parallel substreams assigned to subcarriers. After modulation, the parallel signals are converted back to a serial signal for transmission. The receiver performs the inverse processes of parallel conversion, demodulation of subcarriers, and serial conversion to recover the original bitstream.

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    Serial To Parallel Conversion

    Uploaded by

    Vij Ay
    24 views3 pages
    FFT and IFFT are inverse transforms of each other. Applying FFT followed by IFFT, or vice versa, will reproduce the original signal. In OFDM, IFFT is used at the transmitter to modulate subcarriers, while FFT is used at the receiver for demodulation. The transmitter takes a serial bitstream and converts it to parallel substreams assigned to subcarriers. After modulation, the parallel signals are converted back to a serial signal for transmission. The receiver performs the inverse processes of parallel conversion, demodulation of subcarriers, and serial conversion to recover the original bitstream.

    Original Description:

    Block Diagram11

    Original Title

    Block Diagram11

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    FFT and IFFT are inverse transforms of each other. Applying FFT followed by IFFT, or vice versa, will reproduce the original signal. In OFDM, IFFT is used at the transmitter to modulate subcarriers, while FFT is used at the receiver for demodulation. The transmitter takes a serial bitstream and converts it to parallel substreams assigned to subcarriers. After modulation, the parallel signals are converted back to a serial signal for transmission. The receiver performs the inverse processes of parallel conversion, demodulation of subcarriers, and serial conversion to recover the original bitstream.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    24 views3 pages

    Serial To Parallel Conversion

    Uploaded by

    Vij Ay
    FFT and IFFT are inverse transforms of each other. Applying FFT followed by IFFT, or vice versa, will reproduce the original signal. In OFDM, IFFT is used at the transmitter to modulate subcarriers, while FFT is used at the receiver for demodulation. The transmitter takes a serial bitstream and converts it to parallel substreams assigned to subcarriers. After modulation, the parallel signals are converted back to a serial signal for transmission. The receiver performs the inverse processes of parallel conversion, demodulation of subcarriers, and serial conversion to recover the original bitstream.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    of 3

    1.

    Block diagram
    2. result

    3.

    FFT and IFFT are both two linear transformations on signals and are the reverse of
    each other. Hence applying FFT on a signal x followed by IFFT will reproduce x.
    Similarly, applying IFFT on the same signal x followed by FFT will again re-produce
    x. Hence, as a fact, it does not matter whether you apply FFT (IFFT) at transmitter as
    long as you apply the reverse transform; i.e. IFFT (FFT) at the receiver.
    The question becomes then why we use IFFT at transmitter and not FFT. Remember
    that signals need to be modulated by say N-QAM of the orthogonal subcarriers.
    Mathematically, the process can be represented by IFFT.

    Serial to Parallel Conversion


    In an OFDM system, each channel can be broken into various sub-carriers. The use of subcarriers makes optimal use out of the frequency spectrum but also requires additional processing
    by the transmitter and receiver. This additional processing is necessary to convert a serial
    bitstream into several parallel bitstreams to be divided among the individual carriers. Once the
    bitstream has been divided among the individual sub-carriers, each sub-carrier is modulated as if
    it was an individual channel before all channels are combined back together and transmitted as a
    whole. The receiver performs the reverse process to divide the incoming signal into appropriate
    sub-carriers and then demodulating these individually before reconstructing the original bitstream.
    Parallel to Serial Conversion
    Once the cyclic prefix has been added to the sub-carrier channels, they must be transmitted as
    one signal. Thus, the parallel to serial conversion stage is the process of summing all sub-carriers
    and combining them into one signal. As a result, all sub-carriers are generated perfectly
    simultaneously.

    4.diff b/w graphs


    5. check in code
    6. fig 1
    7.abstrct paper
    8. Phase Shift Keying (QPSK) and 16-QAM
    9. MIMO-OFDM is the foundation for most advanced wireless local area network
    (Wireless LAN) and mobile broadband network standards because it achieves the
    greatest spectral efficiency and, therefore, delivers the highest capacity and data
    throughput..
    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MIMO-OFDM click on this and read

    PAPR reduction schemes it has been found that the error performance of existing
    companding schemes degrade by increasing the parameter controlling the nonlinearity.
    Based on our findings, an improved companding scheme i.e. quadrilateral companding
    transform has been proposed, which has better flexibility to design the companding
    function in comparison to existing companding schemes.
    10. READ FFT AND IFFT (BUTTER FLY MODEL)
    11. The bit error rate (BER) is the number of bit errors per unit time. The bit error ratio
    (also BER) is the number of bit errors divided by the total number of transferred bits
    during a studied time interval. BER is a unitless performance measure, often expressed as
    a percentage.
    The bit error probability pe is the expectation value of the bit error ratio. The bit error
    ratio can be considered as an approximate estimate of the bit error probability. This
    estimate is accurate for a long time interval and a high number of bit errors
    12. A constellation is a representation of asignal modulated by a digital

    modulation scheme such as quadrature amplitude modulation or phase-shift


    keying. It displays the signal as a two-dimensional scatter in the complex
    plane at symbol sampling instants.

    Ex:
    13. channel independent precoding scheme can eliminate the inter-block
    interference (IBI) caused by the insufficient CP with higher bandwidth
    efficiency than the conventional zero-padded or a sufficient CP added block
    transmission system when nr nt. It is also shown that when nr >; nt, the IBI
    can be eliminated without the need of any zero-padding or adding CP or
    precoding

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