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    Tetrahedron Letters Volume 40 Issue 5 1999 (Doi 10.1016/s0040-4039 (98) 02540-4) Francisco JoséRomero-Salguero Jean-Marie Lehn - Synthesis of Multitopic Bidentate Ligands Based On Alternating Py

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    Tetrahedron Letters Volume 40 Issue 5 1999 (Doi 10.1016/s0040-4039 (98) 02540-4) Francisco JoséRomero-Salguero Jean-Marie Lehn - Synthesis of Multitopic Bidentate Ligands Based On Alternating Py

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    Tetrahedron Letters Volume 40 Issue 5 1999 [Doi 10.1016%2Fs0040-4039%2898%2902540-4] Francisco JoséRomero-Salguero; Jean-Marie Lehn -- Synthesis of Multitopic Bidentate Ligands Based on Alternating Py

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    Tetrahedron Letters Volume 40 Issue 5 1999 (Doi 10.1016/s0040-4039 (98) 02540-4) Francisco JoséRomero-Salguero Jean-Marie Lehn - Synthesis of Multitopic Bidentate Ligands Based On Alternating Py

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    of 4

    Tetrahedron Letters 40 (1999) 859-862

    Pergamon

    TETRAHEDRON
    LETTERS

    Synthesis of Multitopic Bidentate Ligands Based


    on Alternating Pyridine and Pyridazine Rings
    Francisco Jos6 Romero-Salguero and Jean-Marie Lehn

    Laboratoire de Chimie Supramoldculaire, ISIS, Universitd Louis Pasteur, CNRS ESA 7006,
    4, rue Blaise Pascal, Strasbourg, France
    Received 18 November 1998; accepted 23 November 1998

    Abstract: A synthetic route based on Stille coupling between tributyltinpyfidyl derivatives and
    chloropyridazines is used for the synthesis of ditopic bidentate ligands 8, 9 and 10. This
    methodology can be extended for the synthesis of a linear tetradentate ligand 11 with four
    pyridine and two pyridazine rings. 1999Published by Elsevier ScienceLtd. All rights reserved.

    Polyheterocyclic molecules based on pyridine and pyridazine rings play a very important role as ligands in
    coordination and supramolecular chemistry. In fact, ligands 1 and 2 were used for constructing grid-like
    architectures through self-assembly processes with metal ions such as Cu(I) and Ag(I). 1-3 Type 1 ligands can be
    synthesized from tetrazines obtained by condensation of 2-cyanopyridines and hydrazine. 4 Type 2 ligands have
    been obtained from 3 by a homocoupling reaction catalyzed by Ni 0 complexes. 3 In general, both routes lead to
    symmetrical ring systems. Herein, we report a procedure for the synthesis of functionalized pyddine-pyridazinepyridine derivatives, and related extended systems, which are potentially versatile ligands for coordination

    chemistry.

    1: n=l;

    2:n=2

    A convenient starting material for the synthesis of 2,5-substituted pyridines is the commercially available
    2,5-dibromopyridine. This compound can be selectively lithiated in position 5 and after quenching with
    dimethylformamide it is transformed into the 2-bromo-5-pyridinecarboxaldehyde (Scheme 1). The protection of
    this group was accomplished by formation of the corresponding dioxolane; the use of Amberlyst-15 as acid
    catalyst gave the best results. Typical lithium exchange and quenching with Bu3SnCI leads to the 2-(2tributylstannyl-5-pyfidyl-)-l,3-dioxolane, which can be used for Stille coupling reaction with compound 3.
    0040-4039/99/$ - see front matter 1999 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
    PIL" S0040-4039(98)02540-4

    860

    1) nBuLi,-78 C
    2) DMF

    BrN ~ ~ B r

    Br- - - ~ - -

    64%

    CIO

    N"-v

    HOCH2CH2OH,A-15, MS 4A
    82 % ~toluene, reflux, 24 h
    1) nBuU, ~78 OC
    Bu3sn~O"~
    N--J

    "

    Of

    Br
    68 %

    Scheme 1

    The best conditions found for the coupling between compounds 3 and 7 are described in Scheme 2. By
    using an excess of 3 (1.8 equiv.) with respect to 7 and CuI (2.2 equiv.), as well as Pd[P(C6Hs)3]4 (10 % mol) as
    catalyst, compound 85 was obtained, after refluxing for 36 h, in moderate yield (55 %). The reaction mixture
    was treated with KCN, in order to destroy the complexes between $ and copper ions. The deprotection of the
    aldehyde group was carried out under strong acid conditions in excellent yield (93 %).6

    Pd(PPh3)4, Cul,
    toluene, reflux
    3

    55 %
    8

    93 % J HCl6 N, reflux

    see table 1
    C-CH

    10

    Scheme 2

    Although several procedures have been described for the transformation of aldehydes into acetylenes, 7
    we found that in our case the one-pot procedure using different diazocompound reagents was the .simplest in
    order to avoid a difficult work-up. However, the use of dimethyl (diazomethyl)phosphonate 8 and the
    commercially available trimethylsilyldiazomethane9 led to poor yields (table 1). We suspected that the main
    reasons were the high insolubility of the aldehyde (making the reaction heterogeneous) and the strong basic
    conditions

    in

    the

    reaction

    medium.

    Therefore,

    we

    decided

    to

    use

    the

    dimethyl-(1-diazo-2-

    861

    oxopropyl)phosphonate, 10 which generates dimethyl (diazomethyl)phosphonate by methanolysis under mild


    conditions, with K2CO3 as base at O C. Effectively, 1011 was obtained in good yield (73 %).
    Table 1. Results obtained for the one pot transformation of 9 into
    10 with several diazocompounds
    Diazocompound

    Conditions

    Yield (%)

    tBuOK, THF, -78 C

    20

    nBuLi, THF, -78 C

    15

    K2CO3, MeOH, 0 C

    73

    O
    II
    (MeO)2" P y H
    N2
    Me3Si y

    H
    N2

    (MeO)2--"I ~ ' ~
    N2

    Finally, the ligand 1112 was synthesized by coupling of 10 under conditions similar to the Eglinton
    procedure 13 in 76 % yield, as shown below.

    10

    Cu(CH3COO)2, pyridine,
    reflux, 15 h
    =
    76 %

    Ligand 11 is highly insoluble in organic solvents. In fact, it was purified by tdturation and washing with
    several organic solvents.
    Ligand 11 possesses two metal coordination
    subunits of the type known to form [2x2] grid-type

    ~c.A",c~,~
    "c'r~l-'c~%"c='"
    C C T"

    ~,gll- N ~~/

    CHI

    complexes with metal ions of tetrahedral coordination

    ~ , 0.~6,*"~nO~.7
    - - ~ .O~"'~O],.~'~,~
    ,,c ~'~,,. Shill-,,..c=.c-c-C
    ~c~.~f"~~-"~"O[f~
    -,

    geometry. It could thus yield in principle an area of sixteen

    " r-" " ~ l ~ 9

    ~m~

    '.~
    ..q

    tons arranged in a grid-of-grids type geometry consisting in


    a [2x2] grid of four [2x2] subunits as represented

    ''

    C-0" c'~C

    schematically by 12.
    I.

    )jJ,

    H~:~" N I~,N, "

    ~c.~

    51--, - : . . . . .
    N

    12

    "

    C~

    862

    Acknowledgements:
    F. J. R.-S. thanks the Ministerio de Educacion y Cultura of Spain for a postdoctoral fellowship.
    References
    1.
    2.
    3.
    4.
    5.

    6.

    7.

    8.

    9.
    10.
    I1.

    12.

    13.

    Lehn, J.-M. Supramolecular Chemistry: Concepts and Perspectives; VCH: Weinheim, 1995.
    Youinou, M.-T.; Rahmouni, N.; Fischer, J.; Osborn, A. J., Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl., 1992, 31, 733.
    Baxter, P. N. W.; Lehn, J.-M.; Fischer, J.; Youinou, M.-T. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl., 1994, 33, 2284.
    Butte, W. A.; Case, F. H. 3. Org. Chem., 1961, 26, 4690.
    Data for 2-[2-[6-[2-(6-methylpyridyl)]-3-pyridazinyl]-5-pyridyl)]-l,3-dioxolane (8): IH NMR (CDCI3), 8
    (ppm): 2.66 (s; 3 H), 4.13 (m; 1 H), 5.96 (s; 1 H), 7.26 (d; J= 7.5 Hz, 1 H), 7.78 (t; J= 7.8 Hz, 1 H), 8.00
    (dd ; J= 8.2 Hz, 2.2 Hz, 1 H), 8.55 (d ; J= 7.8 Hz, 1 H), 8.69 (ABq; J= 8.9 Hz, Av= 8.7 Hz, 2 IT), 8.78 (d ;
    J= 8.4 Hz, 1 H), 8.82 (d ; J= 1.9 Hz, 1 H). 13C NMR : 24.6, 65.5, 101.8, 118.7, 121.2, 124.3, 125.1, 134.7,
    135.4, 137.3, 148.0, 152.7, 154.3, 157.7, 158.5. FAB: 321.1 (M+I, 100 %). Anal. calcd, for
    C18HI6N402 : C 67.49, H 5.03, N 17.49 ; found : C 67.28, H 4.90, N 17.63.
    Data for 2-[6-[2-(6-methylpyridyl)]-3-pyridazinyl]-5-pyridinecarboxaldehyde] (9): IH-NMR (CDCI3), 8
    (ppm): 2.67 (s ; 3 H), 7.28 (d ; J= 7.9 Hz, 1 H), 7.80 (t ; J= 7.7 Hz, 1 H), 8.37 (d ; J= 8.2 Hz, 1 H), 8.57
    (d' J= 7.8 Hz, 1 H), 8.75 (ABq; J= 9.0 Hz, Av= 5.4 Hz, 2 H), 8.96 (d ; J= 8.2 Hz, 1 H), 9.18 (s" 1 H),
    '
    13
    10.21 (s; 1 H). C NMR: 24.6, 118.9, 121.8, 124.6, 125.3, 125.8, 137.3, 137.4, 151.5, 158.5, 190.4.
    Anal. calcd, for CISHI6N402 : C 69.55, H 4.38, N 20.28 ; found : C 69.56, H 4.55, N 20.30.
    (a) Corey, E J.; Fuchs, P. L. Tetrahedron Lett., 1972, 36, 3769. (b) Matsumoto, M.; Kuroda, K.
    Tetrahedron Lett., 1980, 21, 4021. (c) Ramirez, F.; Desai, N. B.; McKelvie, N. J.. Am. Chem. Soc., 1962,
    84, 1745. (d) Posner, G. H.; Loomis, G. L.; Sawada, H. S. TetrahedronLett., 1975, 16, 1373.
    (a) Gilbert, J. C.; Weerasooriya, U. J. Org. Chem., 1979, 44, 4997. (b) Synthesis of dimethyl
    (diazomethyl)phosphonate: Brown, D. G.; Velthuisen, E. J.; Commerford, J. R.; Brisbois, R. G.; Hoye, T.
    R. J. Org. Chem., 1996, 61, 2540.
    (a) Ohira, S.; Okai, K.; Moritani, T. Jr. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1992, 721. (b) Miwa, K.; Aoyama, T.;
    Shioiri, T. Synlett., 1994, 107.
    (a) Ohira, S. Synth. Commun., 1989, 19, 561. (b) MOiler, S; Liepold, B.; Roth, G. J.; Bestmann, H. J.
    Synlett., 1996, 521.
    Data for 2-[6-[2-(6-methylpyridyl)]-3-pyridazinyl]-5-pyridylethyne] (10): 1H-NMR (CDCI3) , 8 (ppm): 2.66
    (s; 3 H), 3.34 (s; 1 H), 7.27 (d ; J= 7.8 Hz, 1 H), 7.79 (t ; J= 7.8 Hz, 1H), 7.98 (dd ; J= 8.3 Hz, 2.1 Hz, 1
    H), 8.55 (d ; J= 7.8 Hz, 1 H), 8.69 (ABq; J= 8.9 Hz, Av= 13.6 Hz, 2 H), 8.74 (dd J= 8.3 Hz, 0.8 Hz, 1H),
    8.82 ( d d ; J = 2.1 Hz, 0.7 Hz, 1 H). 13C NMR : 24.6, 82.0, 118.8, 120.8, 124.4, 125.2, 137.3, 140.2, 152.4.
    Anal. calcd, for CI7HI2N4 : C 74.98, H 4.44, N 20.57 ; found : C 74.72, H 4.40, N 20.50.
    Data for 1,4-bis[2-[6-[2-(6-methylpyridyl)]-3-pyridazinyl]-5-pyridyl]-l,3-butadiyne (11): IH-NMR
    (CD3CN/CF3COOD), ~ (ppm): 2.97 (s; 6 H), 8.04 (d; J= 8.0 Hz, 2 H), 8.54 (d; J= 7.8 Hz, 2 H), 8.64 (t; J=
    7.8 H_z,2 H), 8.75 (ABq; J= 9.0 ~ Av= 25.1 Hz, 4 H), 8.80 (d; J= 8.4 Hz, 2 H), 8.89 (dd; J= 8.7 Hz, 1.4
    Hz, 2 H), 9.2 (d; J= 1.3 Hz, 2 H). 13C NMR : 20.9, 78.8, 125.2, 125.6, 127.8, 129.8, 130.0, 132.1, 146.2,
    148.5, 149.6, 152.4, 153.5. MS m/z+ (FAB): 543.1 (M+I, 100 %). HRMS calcd, for C34H23N 8 (MH+):
    543.2046; found: 543.2059.
    Cadiot, P.; Chodkiewicz, W. Chemistry of Acetylenes; Viehe, H. G. Ed.; Marcel Dekker: New York, 1969;
    Chapter 9.

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