By Authority Of

THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Legally Binding Document

By the Authority Vested By Part 5 of the United States Code 552(a) and
Part 1 of the Code of Regulations 51 the attached document has been duly
INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE and shall be considered legally
binding upon all citizens and residents of the United States of America.
HEED THIS NOTICE: Criminal penalties may apply for noncompliance.

e
Document Name:

ASTM B75: Standard Specification for Seamless

Copper Tube

CFR Section(s):

46 CFR 56.60-1(b)

Standards Body:

American Society for Testing and Materials

Official Incorporator:
THE EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR

OFFICE OF THE FEDERAL REGISTER

WASHINGTON, D.C.

~~

Designation: B 75 - 97

Standard Specification fClr

Seamless Copper Tube 1
This Standard is issued Wider the fixed designation B 75; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year oflast l'eision. A numbel'in parentheses indicates the year oflast reapprovaI. A
superscript epsilon (.) iI!dicates an editorial change since f:he last revision.or reapprovaI..

This specijidztibn liaS been approved for rille by agencies of the Department of Dejens(!. Consult the DoD Index of Specifli:ations and
Standards for the specific year of issue which has been adopted by the DeparfT1WII ofJ)e/ense.

1. Scope*
1.1 This specification2 establishes the' requirements for
seamless round, rectangular, and square copper tube suitable
'
for general engineering applicati~ns.
1.1.1 Tubes made from any of the folloWing Copper UNS
No. designations shall be supplied unless otherwise specified
in the contract or purchase order:
Copper UNS No.
ClOlOO
C10200
C10300
CIOSOO
Cl2000
Cl2200

B 577 Test Methods for Hydrogen Embrittlement of

Copper3 . ,
B 601 Practice for Temper Designations for Copper and
Copper Alloys-Wrought and Cast3
E 3 Test Methods of Preparation of Metallographic
Specimenss
E 8 Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic
MaterialsS
E 18 Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness and Rockwell
Superficial Hardness of Metallic MateriaIss
E 53 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Copperi'
E 62 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of COpper and
Copper Alloys,(photometric Methods)6
E 112 Test Methods for 'Determining Average Grain SizeS
E 243 PraCtice for Electromagnetic (Eddy-Current) Examination of COpper and Copper-Alloy Tuhes7
E 255 Practice for Sampling Copper and Copper Alloys
for Determination of Chemical COmposition6
E .527 J>raptice for Numbering Metals and Alloys (UNS)8

Type of Copper
~n-free

electronic
Oxygen-free without residUal deoxidants
Oxygen-free, extra low phosphorus
Oxygen-free, low phosphorus
Phosphorus deoxidized, low residual phosphorus
phosphoruS deoxidized, high residual phosphorus

1:2 The values stated in inch.;potmd units are the standard

except for grain size values wInch are given in SI units.
1.3 This specification is the companion to SI SPecifiCation
B 75M; therefore no SI equivalents are presented in this
specification.
',
.
1.4 The following hazard statement pe$ins 9nly 'to th~
test method described in Sections 20.5.2.1, 21.2.9, and
3. Ordering Information
21.2.10 of this specification: Thisstandard does not purport \
3.1 Orders for product shall include the following inforto address all ofthe safety concerns, ijany, associated with its
.miltion: "
use. It is the responsibility of the user of this "standard to
, 3.1.1 ASTM designation ~d year of issue (for example,
establish appropriate safety and health practices and deterB 75 ~95),
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.1.2 COpper UNS No. (for example, ClOl00),
3.1.3 Temper (Section 8),
2. Referenced Documents
3.1.4 Dimensions; diameter or distance between parallel
surfaces, and wall thickness (Section 17),
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.1.5 How furnished; coils or straight lengths,
B 75M Specification for Seamless Copper Tube (SI)3
3.1.6 Number of pieces or footage; each size and type,
B 153 Test Method for Expansion (Pin Test) of Copper
3.1.7 Total weight,
and Copper-Alloy Pipe and Tubing3
3.1.8 When product is purchased for ASME Boiler and
B 170 Specification for Oxygen-Free Electrolytic
Pressure Vessel Code application, and
Copper-Refinery Shapes3
3.1.9 When product is purchased for agencies of the U.S.
B 193 Test Method for Resistivity of Electrical Conductor
Government.
Materials4
3.2 The following options are available and shall be
B 251 Specification for General Requirements for
specified at the time of placing the order, when required:
Wrought Seamless Copper and Copper-Alloy Tube3
3.2.1 Electrical mass resistivity test,
3.2.2 Hydrogen embrittlement test,
1 This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee 8-5 on
3.2.3 Hydrostatic test,
Copper and Copper Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B05.04
3.2.4 Pneumatic test,
on Pipe and Tube.
Current edition approved Feb. 10, 1997. Published October 1997. Originally
published as B 75 - 2ST. Last previous edition B 75 - 95a
2 For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications refer to related
Specification 88-75 in Section II of that Code.
3 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 02.01.
4 Annual Book ofASTM Standards, Vol 02.03.

Annual Book ofASTM Standards, Vol 03.01.

Annual Book ofASTM Standards, Vol 03.05.
7 Annual Book ofASTM Standards, Vol 03.03.
8 Annual Book ofASTM StandiJrds, Vol 01.01.
S

* A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this specification.

82

~~ 875
TABLE 1

Chemical Requirements
Composition, %
Copper UNS No.

Element

CopperC, min
Copperc +
phosphorus, min

C10100 A

C10200B

99.99

99.95

Phosphorus

C10800

C10300

99.95

99.95

0.001-0.005

0.005-0.012

Cl2000

Cl2200

C14200

99.90

99.9

99.40

0.004-0.012

0.Q15-0.040

0.015-0.040
0.15-0.50

Arsenic
A

B
C

Refer to Table 1, Chemical Requirements, Grade 1, of Specification B 170 for imJUitY limits for Copper UNS No. C1 01 00.
Refer to Table 1, Chemical Requirements, Grade 2, of Specification B 170 for impurity fimits for Copper UNS No. C10200.
Copper (including silver).

3.2.5 Certification, and

3.2.6 Test report.

. 7. Chemical Composition
7.1 The material shall conform to the requirements in
Table 1 for the specified Copper UNS No. designation.
7.1.1 These specification limits do not preclude the presence of other elements. Limits are permitted to be established and analysis required for unnamed elements by
agreement between the manufacturer or supplier and the
purchaser.

4. General Requirements
4.1 The following sections of Specification B 251 are a
part of this specification.
4.1.1 Terminology, General,
4.1.2 Material and Manufacture,
4.1.3 Workmanship, Finish, arid Appearance,
4.1.4 Significance of Numerical Limits,
4.1.5 Inspection,
4.1.6 Rejection and Rehearing,
4.1.7 Certification,
4.1.8 Mill Test Reports,
4.1.9 Packaging and Package Marking, and
4.1.10 Supplementary Requirements.
.
4.2 In addition, when a section with an identical title to
those referenced in 4.1 appears in this specification, and is in
conflict with the section appearing in Specification B 251,
'
the section in this specification shall prevail.

8. temper
8.1 The requirements and size availability of tube in the
cold-drawn tempers H55, H58, and H80, as defined in
Practice B 601, are specified in Table 2.
8.1.1 Rectangular, including square, tube shall normally
be supplied only in H58 temper, however, tube in H55 or
H80 temper is permitted to be supplied as agreed upon
between the manufacturer and the purchaser.
8.1.1.1 For any combination of diameter and 'wall thickness not listed under H80 temper, the requirem~nts specified
for H58 temper shall apply.
8.2 The requirements and size availability of tube in the
annealed tem~rs 050' and 060, as defined in Practice
.
B 601, are specified in Table 2.

5. Terminology, Specific

5.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Specification:

5.1.1 capable of-the test need not be performed by the
producer of the material. However, should subsequent
testing by the purchaser establish that the material does not
meet these requirements, the material shall be subject to
rejection.
5.1.2 unaided eye-without visual enhancement; however, corrective spectacles necessary to obtain normal vision
shall be permitted.

NOTE . I-The purchaser shall confer with' the' manufacturer or

supplier for the availability of product in a specific temper.
'NOTE 2-Refer to Appendix Xl for recommended applications
based on temper.

9. Grain Size Requirements

9.1 Tube in the annealed temper shall conform to the
grain size specified in Table 2 ..

6. Material and Manufacture

6.1 Material-The material of manufacture shall be billets, bars, or tube of Copper UNS9 No. C10100, C10200,
C10300, C10800, C12000, or C12200, and shall be of such
soundness as to be suitable for processing into the tubular
products described.
6.2 Manufacture--'-The tube shall be manufactured by
sllch hot- and cold-working processes as to produce a
homogeneous, uniform wrought structure in the finished
product. It shall be cold drawn to the finished size and wall
thickness. When cold-drawn temper is required, the final
drawing operation shall be, such as to meet the specified
temper. When annealed temper is required, the tube shall be
annealed subsequent to the final cold draw.

10. Physical Property Requirements .

10.1 Electrical Resistivity-When specified in the contract or purchase order, tube ordered for electrical conductor
application produced from Copper UNS No., C10100,
C10200, C10300, or CI2000 shall have an electrical mass
resistivity; a~ ym2 , not to exceed the following limit for the
specified copper and temper when tested in accordance with
Test Method B 193:
'
Temper
060,050
H55, H58, HSO

Copper UNS No.

CIOIOO

C10200

CIOJOO

C12000

0.15176
0.15614

0.15328
0.15737.

0.15614
0.15940

0.17031
0.17418

NOTE 3-Refer to' AppendixX2 for the International Annealed

., Copper Standard (lACS) electrical conductivity equivalents.

Refer to Practice E 527 for explanation of unified numbering system (iJNS).

83

4t 875
TABLE 2
Temper Designation

standard
H55

FOITTlilr

Mechanical Property Requirements of Drawn-Temper and Annealed-Temper Tube

Outside Diameter,
or Major
Distance Between
Outside Parallel,
Surfaces,in.,

Light-drawn c

all

Rockwell Hardness

Average
Grain
'Size;mm

Wal Thickness, n.

Scale ' 'Hi:i"dness

Yield
Tensile Strength,
ksiB

Strength,A

min.,
ksi B

all

30TD

30 ,to 60

36-47

30

30 min

36mn

30

45 min

40

H58

Drawn (general
purpose)

all

all

30TD

H80

Hard-drawn c

up to 4

0.020 to 0.250, i1cI

30TD

55 min

060

Soft anneaJ

all

0.015 to 0.035

15TE

60 max

0.040 mi"I

30 min

9F

0.035 and over

FE

50 max

0.040 min

30 min

9F

0.015 to 0.035

15TE

65 max

0.040 max

30 min

9F

0.035 and over

FE

55 max

0.040 max

30mjrI

9F

050

Light ameaJ

all

YN!Id stre,ngth to be determi~ at 0.5 % extension urider load.

B ksi = 1000 psi:
.'
C lJQht-dravim and hard-drawn tempers are noimaIIy available in round tubes only.
D Rockwel ~ valUlj!S shall apply only to tubes having a wall thickness of 0.020 in. or over, to round 1lD!s having an inside 'diameter of 0/111 n. or over, and to
rectangular including square tubes having an inside major distance between paraIeI surfaces of 0/'8 in. or over. Rockwell hardness tests shaI be 1fI8de on the inside Slriace
of the tube. When suitable equipment is not available for determiling the speCified Rockwell hardness, other RockweI scaJes and values are permitted to be specified to
agreement between pm:haser and supplier.
E Rockwell hardness vaJues shall apply only to tubes hamg a waI thickness of 0.015 in. or over, to round 1lD!s havin!i an irliiide Iiameter of 0/'8 n. or over, and to
rectangular including square tubes having an inside major distance between parallel surfaces of 0/'8 n. or over. For all other tube no RockweU values shall apply. Rockwell
hardness tests shaI be 'm8de (1) the. inside su~ of the tube. Whe!i suitable eqLipment is not available for determiling the specified Rockwell haIUless, other Rockwell
scaJes and values are ~ to be specified subject to agreement between pm;haser and supprlel".
F Light straightening openiIiOn is permitted. .
A

11. Mechanical Property Requirements

11.1 Tensile and Yield Strength'
ILl. 1 The tUbe; sWill conform to the requirements of
Table 2 for the specified temr aild wall thickiless.
11.1.2 For any combination of diamet(rr arid wall thickness 'not listed?imder H80, the reqUirements for :a58 sball
apply."':":'

in. The tubesball show no cracking or rupture visible to the

unaided eye.
.

13. Microsco,icalExamination
13.1 Tubes furnished in Copper UNS No. C10100,
C10200, C10300, and C12000 shall be essentially free of
cuprous oxid~as determined by Procedure A of Test
Methods B 5.77,

11.2 Rockwell Hardness:

11.2.1 The, tube ,shall conform to the requirements of
Table 2 for'th~ 'specIDed temper and w3u thickness.

14. Hydrogen Embrittlement

14.1 When specified in the contract or purchase order,
tubes produced in all designated copper material shall be
capable of conforming to the requirements of Procedure B of
Test Methods B 577.

11.2.1.1 ,The Rockwell Hardness values for tube in the

H55, H58, and H80 temper shall apply only to the following:
(a) Tubes having a wall thickness of 0.020 in. and over,
(b) Round tubes having an inside diaIl!:eter of 5/16 !no and
over,
(c) Rectangular and square tu1)es"l1aving m.ajor distances
between parallel surfaces of 3/16 in. and' over..
11.2.1.2 The Rockwell Hardness values for tube in the
060 and 050 temper shall apply orily to the following:
(a) Tubes having a wall thicla!:ess of 0.015 in,.,and over,
(b) Round tubes having an inside diameter pf 5/16 in. and
over,
,
.' ,(c) RectaDgular and square tubes ha~g inside major
distances betWeen parallel surfaces of 3/16 in. and over.
11.3 Straightening7light straightening is permitted for
tube in the 060 and050 temper.

15. Purchases for U.s. Government Agencies

15.1 When the contract or purchase order stipulates the
purchaSe is for an agency of the u.s. Government, the tubes
furnished shall, conform to the conditions speCified in the
SupplementarY Requirements of Specification B 251.

16. Nondestructive Test

16.1 The tubes sball be tested in the drawn tempers or as
drawn prior to the final-annealed temper unless otherwise
agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser.
16.2 Electromagnetic (Eddy Current) Test:
16.2.1 ,Each tube up to and including 31fs in. in outside
diameter shall be subjected to test.
16.2.2 Whentestea in accordance with Practice E 243,
tubes which do not actuate the signaling device of the testing
unit shall be considered as conforming to the requirements
of the test. .

12. PerfeJrmaDce Requirements

12.1 Expansion Test for Round Tube-When specified in

the contract or purchase order, annealed tubes shan be
capable of withstanding an expansion of the outside diameter
of 40% for tube 3/4 in, aJld under and 30 % for tube over 3f4

84

4~ 875
TABLE 3

18.1.1 Lot Size-An inspection lot shall be 10 ()()() Ib or

Coil Length Tolerances (Specific Lengths)

Outside Diameter or Major Distance

Between Parallel Surfaces, in.

~t02,

fraction thereof,

Tolerances, in., AI Plus, for

NominaJ L..erigths, ft
~

incl

to 50, incI

Over 50 to 100, incI

18.1.2 Portion Size-Sample pieces shall be selected to be

represented of the lot as follows:

24

12

Number of Portions to Be TakenA

Number of Pieces in Lot

16.3 Hydrostatic Pressure Test-When specified in the

contract or purchase order, each tube shall be capable of
withstanding an internal hydrostatic pressure sufficient to
produce a fiber stress of 6000 psi without leakage. The tube
need not be subjected to a pressure gage reading over 1000
psi unless specifically stipulated in the contract or purchase
order.
16.4 Pneumatic Pressure Test-When specified in the
contract or purchase order, each tube shall be capable of
withstanding an internal air pressure of 60 psi, minimum, for
5 s without leakage.
17. Dimensions, Mass, and Permissible Variations
17.1 The dimensions and tolerances for product furnished
to this specification shall be as specified in the following
tables and related sections of the current edition of Specification B 251:
17.1.1 Wall Thickness Tolerances-Refer to Tables 1 and

2.
17.1.2 Tolerancesfor Diameter or Distance Between Parallel Swfaces-Refer to Tables 3 and 4.
17.1.3 Length Tolerances-Refer to Tables 5 and 6.
17.1.4 Straightness Tolerance-Refer to Table 7.
17.1.5 Comer Radius for Rectangular Including Square
Tube-Refer to Table 8.
17.1.6 Roundness, Squareness of Cut and Twist Tolerances for Rectangular and Square Tubes-Refer to titled
sections.

17.2 Length Tolerances for Tube in Coils-Refer to

I to so
51 to 200
201 to 1500
A

2
3

Each test portion shaD be taken from a separate tube.

18.2 Chemical Composition:

18.2.1 The composite sample shall be taken in approximate equal weights from each portion piece selected in
18.1.2 and in accordance with Practice E 255. The minimum
weight of the composite shall be 150 g.
18.2.2 The manufacturer shall have the option of sampling at the time the castings are poured or taken from the
semifinished product. The number of samples taken during
the course of manufacture shall be as follows:
18.2.2.1 When sampled at the time castings are poured, at
least two samples shall be taken, one after the start and one
near the end of the pour, for each group of castings poured
simultaneously from the same source of molten metal.
18.2.2.2 When samples are taken from the semifinished
product, a sample shall be taken to represent each 10 ()()() lb
or fraction thereof, except that not more than one sample per
piece shall be required.
18.2.2.3 When composition is determined during the
course of manufacture, sampling and analyses of the finished
product is not required.
18.3 Other Tests-Specimens for all other tests shall be
taken from two of the sample portions taken in 18.1.2. In the
event only one sample portion is taken, all specimens shall
be taken from the portion selected.
19. Number of Tests and Retests

Tables 3, 4, and 5 of Specification B 75.

19.1 Tests:
19.1.1 Chemical Composition-Chemical composition

18. Sampling
18.1 The lot size, portion size, and selection of sample
portions shall be as follows:

shall be determined as the arithmetic mean of results from at

least two replicate determinations for each specified element.

TABLE 4

Coil Length Tolerances (Mi. Lengths)

(Applicable only to full-length pieces)
Tolerances, ~, for Nominal lengths, ft

Tube Outside Diameter or Major Distance

Between Parallel Surfaces, in.

~to

Over 100 to2000,i1cI

5 A or 2 ft, whichever is greater

5 A or 2 ft, whichever is greater

to 1, incI
Over 1 to 2, incl
A

100, i1cI

10A'
no tolerances established

Expressed to the nearest 1 ft.

TABLE 5
Tube OUtside Diameter or Major Distance
Between Parallel Surfaces, in.
~

Coil Schedule of Mil Lengths with Ends

Nominal Length, ft

to 1, i1cI
Over 1 to 2, incI

up to 100, incI
up to 100, incI

~t01,incl

over 100 to 2000, incI

Shortest Permissible
Length, ~ of
NominaJ \.engIh

Maxin'un
Permissible Wei!1Jts
of Ends, % of Lot
W~

10

20

Expressed to the nearest 1 ft.

Short pieces are permitted to be included as foIows: up to 10 % of lot we9lt between 50 ft and one quarter of fUllengIh' and up to 40 ~ between one quarter and

~~.

'

85

4Utt

B 75

19.1.2 Grain Size, Electrical Resistivity, Tensile and, Yield

Strength, and Rockwell Hardness-These tests shall be

to the requirements of the Specimen Preparation section of

Test Method B 153.
20.7 Microscopical ' Examination-The ,test specimen
shall be prepared inaecordance with Procedure A of Test
Methods B577 and the sPecimen surface shall approximate
a radial longitudinal section of round tube or a longitudinal
section of rectangular and square tube perpendicular to, and
bisectirig, the major dimensional,surface.
20.8' Hydrogen Embrittlement-TJ),e test specimen shall
conform to the appropriate requirements of Procedure B of
Test Methods B 577.

reported as the average of results" from tw,o, ~ specimens

and each specimen shall conform to spegication requirements.
19.1.3 Other Tests-At least two' specime~ shall be
prepared for each of the other tests and each shall conform to
test requirements.
19.2 Retests:
19.2.1 When requested by the manufacturer or supplier, a
retest shall be permitted when test results obtained by the
purchaser fail to conform with the product specification
requirement(s).
19.2.2 Retesting shall be as directed in this specification
for the initial test except for the ilUinber of test specimens
which shall be twice that normally required for the test.
19.2.3 Test results for all speci:Qiens shall conform to this
specification's' requirement(s) in retest and failure to conform shall be cause for lot rejection.

21. Test Methods

21.1 Chemical Composition-The copper composltlon
shall be determined, in case of disagreement, as follows:
E1emC1lt

Test Method
E53
E 62
E62

Copper

Phosphorus
Arsenic

21.1.1 The test methods for the determination of com~

sition for Coppers CIOl00 and C10200 shall be as described
in Annex Al of Specification B 170.
21.1.2 Test method(s) for the determination of elemeQt(s)
required by contractual or purchase order agreement shall be
as agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser.
21.2 The tubes furnished shall conform with the physical
and mecIulnical properties' and other requirements of this
specification when tested or exaDrined in accordance with
the following appropriate test method or practice:

20. Specimen Preparation

20.1 Chemical Analysis-Preparation of the analytical
specimens shall be the responsibility of the reporting laboratory.
20.2 Tensile and Yield Strength Test-The' test specimens
shall be of the full section of the tube and shall conform with
the requirements of the Test Specimen section of Test
Methods E 8, unless the limitation of the testing machine
pr~ludes the use of such specimen in which case test
speciinen conforming to Type No. lof Pig. 13 in Test
Methods E 8 shall be used.
20.3 Rockwell Hardness:
20.3.1 The test specimen shall be of a sm; and shape to
permit testing by the available test equipment.
20.3.2 The surface of the test specimen shall be suBiciently flat and smooth so as to permit the accurate
determination of hardness.
20.3.3 The test specimen shall be free from scale and
foreign matter and care shall be taken to avoid any change in
condition, for example, heating or cold working. '
20.4 Grain Size~Test specimens shall be prepared in
accordance with the appropriate procedure in Test Methods

Test

Test Method

Tensile Strength
Yield Strength

Rockwell Hardness
Grain Size

E8
E8
E 18
E1l2

Electrical Resistivity
ExpansiOn (pin test)

B 193
B 153

Electromagnetic fuaminati~n (Eddy Current)

Microscopical Examination
Procedure A
Hydrogen Embrittlement
Procedure B
HydrostatiC Pri:ssure
Pneumatic Pressure

E243
B577
B577

B 75, 21.2.9
B 75, 21;2.10

21.2.1 Tensile strength shall be determined in accordance

with Test Methods E 8.
21.2.1.1 Whenever test results are obtained from both
full-size and machined specimens and they differ, the test
results from the full-size specimens shall prevail.
21.2.2 Yield strength shall be determined at 0.5 % extension-under-load...
21.2.3 Rockwell hardness shall be determined on the
inside surface of the tube and a minimum of three readings
shall be taken on each specimen, each at a different location.
21.2.3.1 When suitable equipment is not available for
determining the Specified Rockwell hardness, other Rockwell
scales and values are permitted to be specified by agreement
the purchaser.
between the manufacturer
21.2.4 Grain size shall be determined, in case of dispute,
by the intercept method.
21.2.5 Electrical Resistivity-The 1in:iit of measurement
uncertainty shall be 0.30 % as a prOcess control method
and O.15 % as an umpire method.
.
21.2.6 Microscopical Examination-Cuprous oxide con-

E3.
20.5 Electrical Resistivity:
20.5.1 The test specimen shall be full size ,and shall be the
full cross section, of the material it represents when possible.
20.5.2 When the test specimen is taken from material in
bulk, care shall be taken that the properties are not appre-,
ciably altered in the preparation.
Nom 4-Plastic deformation tends to work-harden a material and
raise its resistivity, while heating tends to anneal the material with a
subsequent reduction in resistivity.

20.5.2.1 When necessary, products are to be rolled or cOld

drawn to a wire approximately 0.080 in. in diameter (12 gage
AWG) and of a convenient length. At least two specimens of
a length sufficient to accommodate the testing equipment
shall be cut from one end of the wire and annealed at
approximately 935 wop for 30 min in an inert atmosphere
and rapidly cooled to ambient temperature without undue
exposure to air.
.
20.6 ExjJansion (Pin) Test-Test specimenS shall conform

and

86

41
tent shall be determined in accordance with Procedure A, or,
in case of dispute, Procedure C, Cosed Bend Test, of Test
Methods B 577 shall be followed.
21.2.7 Hydrogen Embrittlement-Procedure B shall be
followed, or, in case of dispute, Procedure C, Cosed Bend
Test, of Test Methods B 577 shall be followed.
21.2.8 Electromagnetic (Eddy-Current) Test-Each tube
up to and including 31/8 in. in ontside diameter shall be
subjected to an eddy-current test. Testing shall follow the
procedures in Practice E 243. Tubes shall be passed through
an eddy-current test unit adjusted to provide information on
the suitability of the tube for the intended application.
21.2.8.1 Either notch depth or drilled hole standards shall
be used.
(a) Notch depth standards, rounded to the nearest 0.001
in. shall be 22 % of the wall thickness. The notch depth
tolerance shall be 0.OOO5 in.
(b) Drilled holes shall be drilled radially through the wall
using a suitable drill jig that has a bushing to guide the drill,
care being taken to avoid distortion of the tube while drilling.
The diameter of the drilled hole shall be in accordance with
the following and shall not vary by more than +0.001,
-0.000 in. of the hole diameter specified.
Tube Outside Diameter,
in.

'/. to 3/4, inel

Over 3/4 to I, inel
Over I to Ilf4, inel
Over 1'/. to 1'/2, inel
Over 1'12 to J31., inel
Over PI. to 2, inel

Diameter of DriI1ed Holes,

in.

DriI1
Number

0.025
0.031
0.036
0.042
0.046
0.052

72
68
64
58
56
55

875
StandaId Tube Size, in.

Maximum Perrent Imbalance

Signal Magnitude

Up to 3/8, inel
'12 to 2, incl
Over 2 to 3, inel

0.2
0.3
0.4

21.2.8.3 Tubes that do not activate the signalling device of

the eddy-current tester shall be considered as conforming to
the requirements of this test. Tubes with discontinuities
indicated by the testing unit are permitted, at the option of
the manufacturer, to be reexamined or retested to determine
whether the discontinuity is cause for rejection. Signals that
are found to have been caused by minor mechanical damage,
soil or moisture, shall not be cause for rejection of the tubes
provided the tube dimensions are still within prescribed
limits and the tube is suitable for its intended application.
21.2.9 Hydrostatic Test-The internal hydrostatic pressure necessary to produce the required fiber stress shall be
determined by the following equation for thin hollow cylin.
ders under tension.
P = 2St/(D - O.8t)

where:
P = hydrostatic pressure, psi (or MPa);
t = thickness of tube wall, in. (or mm);
D = outside diameter of tube, in. (or mm); and
S = allowable fiber stress of the material, psi (MPa).
21.2.9.1 The tube need not be tested at a pressure gage
reading over 1000 psi unless so specified.
21.2.10 Pneumatic Test-The test method shall permit
easy visual detection of leakage, such as having the material
under water or by the pressure differential method.
22. Certification
22.1 Certification is mandatory when product is ordered
for ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications.

21.2.8.2 Alternatively, at the option of the manufacturer,

using speed-insensitive eddy-current units that are equipped
to select a fraction of the maximum imbalance signal, the
following percent maximum imbalance signals shall be used:

23. Keywords
23.1 seanitess copper tube; seamless tube; tube

APPENDIXES
(Nonmandatory Information)
Xl. RECOMMENDED APPLICATIONS
X1.1 Tube in the H55 temper is recommended when a
tube of some stiffness is required yet capable of being bent
when necessary.
X1.2 Tube in the H58 temper is recommended for

general applications where there is no specific need for high

strength or bending qualities.
X1.3 Tube in the H80 temper is recommended for
applications where there is a need for a tube as strong as
technically feasible for the size indicated.

87

4t 875
X2. INTERNATIONAL ANNEALED COPPER STANDARD (ELECrRICAL CONDUCTIVITY EQUIVALENTS)
Electrical Resistivity, ngtm2

ConductivitY, %

Electrical Resistivity ngtm2

Conductivity, %

0.15176
0.15328
0.15614
0.15737

101.00
100.00
98.16
97.40

0.15940
0.17031
0.17418

96.16

90
88

SUMMARY OF CHANGES

This section identifies the location of selected changes to this Specification that have been incorporated
since the 1992a issue, and the following are some of the changes incorPorated in this revision:
(5) Test Meth~Individual test methods are identified
and eddy-current parameterS significantly revised.
(6) Recommended applications for the various tempers
relocated from Temper section text to an appendix.
(7) Nonmandatoty language deleted and i-epbiced with
mandatory language.
.

(1) Orderihg Information-Options available identified.

(2) 'General Requirements-The applicable sections of
Specification B 251 identified.
.' .
(3) Number of Tests and Retestg..;.-The 'conditions under
which retests are permitted are more definitively stated.
(4) Sampling and Specimen Preparation sections added.

The American Sopiety for Testing and Milleria/s takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights assetted in connection
with any !tam mentioned in this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such
patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.
This standard is subject to revision at arty time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed evety five years and
if not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Youtcomments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standards
and should be addressed to ASTM HeadqiJarters. Your comments will receive careful consideraIion at a meeting of the responsible
technical committee, which you may attend. " you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you should ma/ce your
views
to the ASTM Committee on Standards, 100 Ban Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428.

known

88

Designation: B 75M - 97
METRIC

Standard Specification for

Seamless Copper Tube [Metric]1

This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 75M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (.) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.

This specifiCiJlion has been approved for use by agencies of the Department ofD~ense. Consult the DoD Index ofSpecifiCiJlions and
Standards for the specific year of issue which has been adopted by the Department ofD~ense.

1. Scope*
1.1 This specification2 establishes the requirements for
seamless round, rectangular, and square copper tube suitable
for general engineering applications.
1.1.1 Tubes made from any of the following Copper UNS
No. designations shall be supplied unless otherwise specified
in the contract or purchase order:
Copper UNS No.
CI0100
C 10200
C10300
C10800
C12000
C 12200

B 577 Test Methods for Hydrogen Embrittlement of

Copperl
B 601 Practice for Temper Designations for Copper and
Copper Alloys-Wrought and Cast3
.
E 3 Test Methods of Preparation of Metallographic
Specimens5
E 8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic
Materials (Metric)5
E 18 Test Methods for Rockwell Hardriess and Rockwell
Superficial Hardness of Metallic Materials5
E 53 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Copper6
E 62 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Copper and
Copper Alloys (Photometric Methods)6
E 112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain SizeS
E 243 Practice for Electromagnetic (Eddy-Current) Examination of Copper and Copper-Alloy Tubes7
E 255 Practice for Sampling Copper and Copper Alloys
for the Determination of Chemical Composition6
E 527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys (UNS)8

Type of Copper
Oxygen-free electronic
. Oxygen-free without residual deoxidants
Oxygen-free, extra low phosphorus
Oxygen-free, low phosphorus
Phosphorus deoxidized, low residual phosphorus
Phosphorus deoxidized, high residual phosphorus

1.2 The values stated in S1 units are the standard.

1.3 This specification is the companion to inch-pound
Specification B 75.
1.4 The following hazard statement pertains only to the
test method described in Sections 20.5.2.1, 21.2.9, and
21.2.10 of this specification: This standard does not purport
to address all ofthe safety concerns, ifany, associated with its
use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to
establish appropriate safety and health practices. and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

3. Ordering Information
3.1 Orders for product shall include the following information:
3.1.1 ASTM designation and year of issue (for example,
B 75M-96),
3.1.2 Copper UNS No. (for example, C101(0),
3.1.3 Temper (Section 8),
3.1.4 Dimensions; diameter or distance between parallel
surfaces, and wall thickness (Section 15),
3.1.5 How furnished; coils or straight lengths,
3.1.6 Number of pieces or footage; each size and type,
3.1.7 Total weight,
3.1.8 When product is purchased for ASME Boiler and
Pressure Vessel Code application, and
. 3.1.9 When product is purchased for agencies of the U.S.
Government.
3.2 The following options are available and shall be
specified at the time of placing the order, when required:
3.2.1 Electrical mass resistivity test,
3.2.2 Hydrogen embrittlement test,
3.2.3 Hydrostatic test,
3.2.4 Pneumatic test,

2. Referenced Documents

2.1 ASTM Standards:

B 75 Specification for Seamless Copper Tube3
B 153 Test Method for Expansion (Pin Test) of Copper
and Copper-Alloy Pipe and Tubing3
B 170 Specification for Oxygen-Free Electrolytic Copper-Refinery Shapes3
B 193 Test Method for Resistivity of Electrical Conductor
Material4
B 251 M Specification for General Requirements for
Wrought Seamless Copper and Copper-Alloy Tube
[Metricp
1 This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee 805 on
Copper and Copper Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B05.04
on Pipe and Tube.
Current edition approved February 10, 1997. Published October 1997. Origi~
nally published as B 75M - 84. Last previous edition B 75M - 95.
2 For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications refer to related
Specification S8075 in Section II of that Code.
3 Annual Book ofASTM Standards, Vol 02.0 I.
4 Annual Book ofASTM Standards, Vol 02.03.

*A

S Annual Boole

ofASTM Standards, Vol 03.01.

Annual Boole ofASTM Standards, Vol 03.05.
7 Annual Book ofASTM Standards, Vol 03.03.
8 Annual Boole ofASTM Standards, Vol 01.01.

Summary of Changes section appears at the emI of this specification.

89

"I

4~ 875M
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
Composition, %

Copper 1J118..'"No,

Element

CopperB, min

C10100

C10200 A

99.99

99.95

CopperB +
phosphorus, min
Phosphorus

C10300

C10800

99.95

C12200

C14200

99.90

99.9

99.40

0.004-0.012
,

0:015-0.040

0.015-0.040
0.15-0.50

99.95

.1 ;
0,001-0.005

0.0Q5-0.012

Arsenic
A

C12(JOO

....

Refer to Table 1, Chemical Requirements, Grade 1, of Specification B 170 for impurity limits for Copper,~ No.. C1 0100.
Refer to Table 1, Chemical Requirements, Grade 2, of ~peCffication B,170 for impurity liln!!s,fur GoPperIJIIS No. C10200.

7. Chemical Composition
'" 7.1 TJ:t~ma~erial shall ~nform to, the requirements ill
Table 1 for the ~ed Copper UNS No. designation.
., 7.i.i These specification li)llits do npt pr~lude the pr~
ence of qther elements. Limits are Permitted, to be establish~ apd, analysis required for unnamed, ~elements by
agreement between the ~~nuf~cturer or supplier and $e
purchaser.

3.2.5 Certification, and

3.2.6 Test report.
, i' .

4. General Requirements
4. t 'The following sections of Specification B 251 M are a
part of this specification.
4.1.1 Terminology, General,
4.1.2 Material and Manufacturer,
4.1.3 Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance,
4.1.4 Significance of Numerical Limits,
4.1-.5 'Inspection,
4.1.6 Rejection and Rehearing,
4.1. 7 Certification,
4.1.8 Mill Test Reports,
4.1.9 Packagingaild.Package Marking; and
4.1.10 Supplementary'ReqUirements.
4.2 In addition, when:a sectiomwith'an identical title to
those referenced in 4.1 appears in this specification, and is in
conflict with the section:appearing ill Specification B 251M,
the section in this specification shall prevail.

S. Temper
,
8.1 The requirements ~and size ;availability of tube ill the
cold-drawn tempers H55, H58,and H80, 3$ defined in
Pra~,~l}X;(},l",~ s~ed}n TahJe' 2.
8.1.1 Rectangular, illcluding square, tube shall normally
be supplicil"oi'ily in H58'iemper, however, tiibe ill H55 or
H80 ~teiIiper' is' per:niittoo to be supplied ::is agreed upon
between, the manufacturer and the purchaser'.
8.Lt"FF6Hlity COinbih~tidn ohliametetand wall thick'ness not listed undet'H8Cftemper, the reQUirements specified
'for H58temr shall apply.
8.2 the requirements 'and size availability of tube in the
annealed' tempers 050 'and 060,' as defined ill Practice
'
B 601"are specified in Table 2 . ' , , : .
N'orii I-The purChaser shall confer with' the manufacturer or
,

5., Terminology,Specific

5.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Specification:

'S.l.lcapable of-the test need not be performed by the

"

;c

supplier for the availability of product in a specific temper.

NOTE 2-Refer to Appendix Xl for recommc:;nded applications
based on temper.
.

producer of the material. However, should subsequent

testing by the purchaser establish that the material does not
meet these requirements, the material shall be subject to
rejection.
5.1.2 unaided eye-without Visuru enhancement; however, corrective spectacles necessary to 'obtain normal vision
shall be permitted.

9. Grain S~"Requirem~nts
9.1 Tube ill the anneaJed tempersh~ conform to the
grain size specified ill T~~le 2.
10. Pliysical Property Requirements
, 10.1 Electrical R,esistiviljHtWhen, specified,1n the contract or purchase order, tube ordered for electricaIconductor
app]jcation prodpced fromCoppet,UNSNo: ClOlOO,
C10200, C10300, or C12000 shall ,have, an electrical mass
resistivity, ggJm2 , not to exceed the followiDgi limit for the
specified copper and temper when tested ill accordance with
Test Method B 193:

6. Material and Manufacture

6.1 Material-The'matenal of'ma'nufacture shall be billets, cast bars, or tube dfCopper UNS9 No. C10100, CI0200,
C10300, C10800, C12000, or CI2200, and shall be of such
soundness as to be' suitable for proeessirig into thetublllar
products described.
'
6.2 Manufacture-The tube shall be manufactured by
such hot- and cold-working processes as to produce a
homogeneous, uniform wrought strti~ilire' in the finished
product. It shall be cold drawn to thiffinished siZe and wall
thickness. When cold-drawn temper is required, the final
drawing operation shall be suc~, as, t<k )lleet th!! spe9fied
temper. When annealed temper is required; the tube shall be
annealed subsequent to the final ,cold draw.
'
,
,'1

COpper uNS No~

C10100 '

C10200

CIOjoo

06Q,;050
H55, H58, H80

0.15176
0.15614

0.15328
0.15737

0.15614
0.15940

O.1'lOjl
, . 0.17418'

NOTE 3-Refer to Appendix X2 for the International Annealed

Copper Standard (lACS) electrical conductivity equivalents.

11. Mechanical Property Requirements

9

:'

Temper

H.l Tensile and Yield Strength:

Refer to Practice E 527 for expIanationofUnified Nuniliering System'(UNS).

90

4mtJ
TABLE 2
Temper Designation
Standard

Former

H55
H58
H80

Light-drawn B
Drawn (general purpose)
Hard-drawn B
Soft anneal

060
050

Light anneal

B 75M

Mechanical Property Requirements of Drawn-Temper and Annealed-Temper Tube

Outside Diameter,
or Major
Distance Between
Outside Parallel
Surfaces, mm
all
all
up to 102
all
all

Rockwell Hardness
Wall Thickness, mm

aU
all

0.508 to 6.35, incl

0.381 to 0.889
0.889 and over
0.381 to 0.889
0.889 and over

Scale

Hardness

30Tc
30Tc
30Tc

30 to 60
30 min
55 min
60 max
50 max
65 max
55 max

15TD
FD

15TD
FD

Average
Grain
Size, mm

0.040 min
0.040 min
0.040 max
0.040 max

Tensile Strength,
MPa

250-325
250 min
310 min
205 min
205 min
205 min
205 min

YIIlkf .
Strength,A
min,
MPa
205
205
275

62 E
62 E
62 E
62 E

A Yield strength to be determined at 0.5 % extension under load.

S Light-drawn and hard-drawn tempers are normally available in round tubes only.
c Rockwell hardness values shall apply only to tubes having a wall thickness of 0.508 mm or over, to round tubes having an inside diameter of 8.0 mm or over, and to
rectangular including square tubes having an inside major distance between paraJIeI surfaces of 5.0 rnm or over. Rockwell hardness tests shaI be made on the inside
surface of the tube. When suitable equipment is not available for determining the specified Rockwell hardness, other Rockwell scales and values are permitted to be
.
specified to agreement between purchaser and supplier.
D Rockwell hardness values shall apply only to tubes having a wall thickness of 0.40 mm or over, to round tubes having an inside diameter of 8.0 or over, and to
rectangular including square tubes having an inside major distance between parallel surfaces of 5.0 nvn or over. For all other tube no Rockwell values shaD apply. Rockwell
hardness tests shall be made on the inside surface of the tube. When suitable equipment is not available for determining the specified Rockwell hardness, other Rockwel
scales and values are permitted to be specified subject to agreement between purchaser and supplier.
E Light straightening operation is permitted.

11.1.1 The tube shall conform to the requirements of

Table 2 for the specified temper and wall thickness.
11.1.2 For any combination of diameter and wall thickness not listed under H80, the requirements for H58 shall
apply.

tubes produced in all designated copper material shall be

capable of conforming to the requirements of Procedure B of
Test Methods B 577.
.
15. Purchases for U.S. Government Agencies
15.1 When the contract or purchase order stipulates the
purchase is for an agency of the U.S. Government, the tubes
furnished shall conform to the conditions specified in the
Supplementary Requirements of Specification B 251M.

11.2 Rockwell Hardness:

11.2.1 The tube shall conform to the requirements of
Table 2 for the specified temper and wall thickness.
11.2.1.1 The Rockwell Hardness values for tube in the
H55, H58, and H80 temper shall apply only to the following:
(a) Tubes having a wall thickness of 0.508 mm and over,
(b) Round tubes having an inside diameter of 8.0 mm and
over,
(c) Rectangular and square tubes having major distances
between parallel surfaces of 5 mm and over.
11.2.1.2 The Rockwell Hardness values for tube in the
060 and 050 temper shall apply only to the following:
(a) Tubes having a wall thickness of 0.40 mm and over,
(b) Round tubes having an inside diameter of 8 mm and
over,
(c) Rectangular and square tubes having inside major
distances between parallel surfaces of 5 mm and over.
11.3 Straightening-Light straightening is permitted for
tube in the 060 and 050 temper.

16. Nondestructive Test

16.1 The tubes shall be tested in the drawn tempers or as
drawn prior to the final-annealed temper unless otherwise
agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser.

16.2 Electromagnetic (Eddy Cu"ent) Test:

16.2.1 Each tube up to and including 79 mm in outside
diameter shall be subjected to test.
16.2.2 When tested in accordance with Practice E 243,
tubes which do not actuate the signaling device of the testing
unit shall be considered as conforming to the requirementS
of the test.
16.3 Hydrostatic Pressure Test-When specified in the
contract or purchase order, each tube shall be capable of
withstanding an internal hydrostatic pressure sufficient to
produce a fiber stress of 41 MPa without leakage. The tube
need not be subjected to a pressure gage reading over 6.9
MPa unless specifically stipulated in the contract or purchase
order.
16.4 Pneumatic Pressure Test-When specified in the
contract or purchase order, each tube shall be capable of
withstanding an internal air pressure of 400 kPa, minimum,
for 5 s without leakage.

12. Performance Requirements

12.1 Expansion Test/or Round Tube-When specified in

the contract or purchase order, annealed tubes shall be
capable of withstanding an expansion of the outside diameter
of 40 % for tube 19.0 mm and under and 30 % for tube over
19.0 mm. The tube shall show no cracking or rupture visible
to the unaided eye.
13. Microscopical Examination
13.1 Tubes furnished in Copper UNS No. C10100,
C10200, C10300, and C12000 shall be essentially free of
cuprous oxide as determined by Procedure A of Test
MethodsB 577.

17. Dimensions, Mass, and Permissible Variations

17.1 The dimensions and tolerances for product furnished
to this specification shall be as specified in the following
tables and related sections of the current edition of Specification B 251M:
17.1.1 Wall Thickness Tolerances-Refer to Tables 1 and

14. Hydrogen Embrittlement

14.1 When specified in the contract or purchase order,

2.
91

~t 875M
TABLE 3

Coil Length Tolerances (Specific Lenglbs)

Outside Diameter or Major Distance

Between Par'alIeiSurfaces, nun
~

Tolerances, nvn, AI Plus, for

NOI'ninaIl:engths, m

, ~'~o 15, incl

Over 15 ro 30, incI

300

610

to 50.8, incl

17.1.2 Tolerancesfor Diameter or Distance Between Parallel Surfaces-Refer to Tables 3 and 4.

17.1.3 LengthToZerances-Referto Tables 5 and 6.
17.1.4 Straightness Tolerance-Refer to Table 7.
17.1.5 Comer Radius for Rectangular Including Square
Tube-Refer to Table 8.
17.1.6 Roundness, Squareness of Cut and Twist Tolerances for Rectangular and Square Tubes-Refer to titled

sections.

of

OJ

.'

Tables 3, 4, and 5 of Specification B 75M.

18. Sampling
18.1 The lot size, portion size, and selection of sample
portions shall be as follows:
18.1.1 Lot Sizt:-An inspection lot shall be 5000 kg or
fraction thereof,
18.1.2 Portion Size-Sample pieces shall be selected to be
represented of the lot as follows:
Number of Portions ro Be TakenA

1
2
3

1 ro 50
51 ro 200
201 io 1500
Each test portion shall be taken from a separate tube.

metal.

19. Number of Tests and Retests

19.1, Tests:'."
'"
' , ,
19.1.1 ChemicQJ Composition-Chemical compoSition
shall be determined as the arithmetic meanofrt:swts from'at
least two replicate determinations for each Specified element.
19.1.2 Grain Size, Electrical Resistivity, Tensile and Yield
Strength, and ROCkwell Hatdness.:.-Th~ tests shali' be
reported as the average of reSUlts from two test specimens
and each specimen shall'cbnform to 'specification requirementS.
19.1.3 Other Tests-At least two specimens shall' be
prepared for each of the other tests and each shall conform to
test requirements.
19.2 Retests:
19~2.1 When requested by the manufactUrer or supplier, a
reteSt shall be pertnitted when test rt:swts obtained by the
purChaser fail to cOnform with the prOduct specifica~on
requirement(s)~
., ", ,
19.2.2 Retesting shall be as directed in this specification
for the initial test except for the'i1witber of test Speciniens
which shall be twice that riorinally required for the test.,'
19.2.3 Test res1ilts forallspeciriieriS shall confonnto: this
specification's requirem.ent(s)' in retest and failure to conform shall be cause for lot rejection.

17.2 Length Tolerances for Tube in Coils~Refer to

Number of Pieces in Lot

.teast two samples shall be taken, one after the start and one
near the end of the pour, for each group of caStmgspoured
simultaneously from the same source molten
18.2.2.2 Whetf satIipies"are taken from the semifinished
product, a sample. shall tJe taken to reptesent each 5000 kg or
fraction, thereof, except that not more .than one sample per
piece shall be required.
': '
18.2,:2.3 Whencomtx>sition is determfued during' the
COll,rse of manufacture, Sampling and analyses of the finiShed
product is not required.
18.3 Other Tests-Specimens for all other tests shall be
taken from two of the sample portions taken in 18.1.2. In the
event only one sample portion is taken, all specimens shall
be taken,from the pOpi()n:~lected. '
',

18.2, Chemical Composition:

18.2,1 The composite sample shall be taken in approximate equal weights from each portion piece selected in
18.1.2 and in accordance with Practice E 255. The ininim.um
weight of the composite shall be 150 g.
18.2.2 The manufacturer shall have the option of sampling atthe time the castings are poured or taken from the
semifinished product. The,' number of samples taken during
the course of manufacture shall be as follows:
18.2.2.1 When sampled at the time castings are poured, at

20. Specimen Preparation

20.1 Chemical Analysis-Preparation of' the analytical
::

TABLE 4 Coil Length Tolerances (MiD Lengths)

(Applicable oniy to fuft.length pieces)
Tube

Outside DiametElr at Major Dist3nce

Tolerances, \II, for Nominal Lengths in nvn

Between Parallel Surfaces, riIm

up ro ~ 000, inc;!

~ro25, inc!
25 ro 50, incI

5 A or 600, whichever is greater

5 A or 600, whichever is greater

~,3O

oo.o'ro 600 ,000, incI

Expressed to the nearest 300 mm.

TABLE 5
Tube Outside Q!ameter or Major Distance

Between Parallel SuiaCes, min

~

ro 25, in<;I
Over 25 ro 50, incI
~ro25,

iOcI

Coil Schedule of Mill Lengths with Ends

Length, % of NomnaI

Maxinool' Pem IisSibIe

Mass of Ends, % of Lot

Length ,

We9rt

Shortest PennissiJ/e

NomnaII.engIh, nvn

up ro 30 000, incI
up ro 30 000, incI
0IieI" 30 000 ro 600 000, incI

10
2()

50 B

Expressed ro the nearest 300.,

' , '
,
"
'
Short pieces are permitted to be iric/uded as foIows: up ro 10 % of lot weiglt between 15 200 and one quarter of fuU length: and up ro 40 % between one quarter ~
full length.
"
'
A

92

41

875M

specimens shall be the responsibility of the reporting laboratory.

20.2 Tensile and Yield Strength Test-The test specimens
shall be of the full section of the tube and shall conform with
the requirements of the Test Specimen section of Test
Methods E 8M, unless the limitation of the testing machine
precludes the use of such specimen in which case test
specimen conforming to Type No. 1 of Fig. 13 in Test
Methods E 8M shall be used.

20.3 Rockwell Hardness:

20.3.1 The test specimen shall be of a size and shape to
permit testing by the available test equipment.
20.3.2 The surface of the test specimen shall be sufficiently flat and smooth so as to permit the accurate
determination of hardness.
20.3.3 The test specimen shall be free from scale and
foreign matter and care shall be taken to avoid any change in
condition, that is, heating or cold working.
20.4 Grain Size-Test specimens shall be prepared in
accordance with the appropriate procedure in Test Methods

E3.
20.5 Electrical Resistivity:
20.5.1 The test specimen shall be full size and shall be the
full cross section of the material it represents when possible.
20.5.2 When the test specimen is taken from material in
bulk, care shall be taken that the properties are not appreciably altered in the preparation.
NOTE 4--PJastic deformation tends to work-harden a material and
raise its resistivity, while heating tends to anneal the material with a
subsequent reduction in resistivity.

20.5.2.1 When necessary, products are to be rolled or cold

drawn to a wire approximately 2 mm in diameter (12 gage
AWG) and of a convenient length. At least two specimens of
a length sufficient to accommodate the testing equipment
shall be cut from one end of the wire and annealed at
approximately 500 5C for 30 min in an inert atmosphere
and rapidly cooled to ambient temperature without undue
exposure to air.
20.6 Expansion,(Pin) Test-Test specimens shall conform
to the requirements of the Specimen Preparation section of
Test Method B 153.
20.7 Microscopical Examination-The test specimen
shall be prepared in accordance with Procedure A of Test
Methods B 577 and the specimen surface shall approximate
a radial longitudinal section of round tube or a longitudinal
section of rectangular and square tube perpendicular to, and
bisecting, the major dimensional surface.
20.8 Hydrogen Embrittlement-The test specimen shall
conform to the appropriate requirements of Procedure B of
Test Methods B 577.
21. Test Methods

21.1 Chemical Composition-The copper composition.

shall be determined, in case of disagreement, as follows:
Element

Test Methods

Copper
. Phosphorus

E53
E 62
E6i

Arsenic

21.1.1 The test methods for the determination of composition for Coppers C10100 and C10260 shall be as described
93

in Annex Al of Specification B 170.

21.1.2 Test method(s) for the determination of element(s)
required by contractual or purchase order agreement shall be
as agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser.
21.2 The tubes furnished shall conform with the physical
and mechanical properties and other requirements of this
specification when tested or examined in accordance with
the following appropriate test method or practice:
Test

Tensile Strength
Yield Strength
Rockwell Hardness
Grain Size
Electrical Resistivity
Expansion (pin test)
Electromagnetic Examination (Eddy Cunent)
Microscopical Examination
Procedure A

Hydrogen EmbrittIement

Test Method

E8M
E8M
E 18
E1l2
B 193
B 153

E243
B577
B577

ProcedureB

Hydrostatic Pressure
Pneumatic Pressure

B 75M, 21.2.9
B 75M, 21.2.10

21.2.1 Tensile strength shall be determined in accordance

with Test Methods E 8M.
21.2.1.1 Whenever test results are obtained from both
full-size and machined specimens and they differ, the test
results from the full-size specimens shall prevail.
21.2.2 Yield strength shall be determined at 0.5 % extension-under-Ioad.
21.2.3 Rockwell hardness shall be determined on the
inside surface of the tube and a minimum of three readings
shall be taken on each specimen, each at a different location.
21.2.3.1 When suitable equipment is not available for
determining the specified Rockwell hardness, other Rockwell
scales and values are permitted to be specified by agreement
between the manufacturer and the purchaser.
21.2.4 Grain size shall be determined, in case of dispute,
by the intercept method.
21.2.5 Electrical Resistivity-The limit of measurement
uncertainty shall be O.30 % as a process control method
and 0.15 % as an umpire method.
21.2.6 Microscopical Examination-Cuprous oxide content shall be determined in accordance with Procedure A, or,
in case of dispute, Procedure C, Oosed Bend Test, of Test
Methods B 577 shall be followed.
21.2.7 Hydrogen Embrittlement-Procedure B shall be
followed, or, in case of dispute, Procedure C, Oosed Bend
Test, of Test Methods B 577 shall be followed.
21.2.8 Electromagnetic (Eddy-Current) Test-Each tube
up to and including 79 mm in outside diameter, shall be
subjected to an eddy-current test. Testing shall follow the
procedures in Practice E 243. Tubes shall be passed through
an eddy-current test unit adjusted to provide information on
the suitability of the tube for the intended application.
21.2.8.1 Either notch depth or drilled hole standards shall
be used.
(a) Notch depth standards, rounded to the nearest 0.025
mm shall be 22 % of the wall thickness. The notch depth
tolerance shall be 0.013 mm;
(b) Drilled holes shall be drilled radially through the wall
using a suitable drill jig that has a bushing to guide the drill,
care being taken to avoid distortion of the tube while drilling.
The diameter of the drilled hole shall be in accordance with

4W}t' B 75M
the following and shall not vary by more than +0.025 mm,
-0.000 mm of the hole diameter specified.
Tube Outside Diameter, ,

Diameter of Drilled Holes,

min

min

Nuntber

0.635
0.185
0.915
1.01

72
68

6.0 to 19.0, inel

Over 19.0 to 25, inel
Over 25 to 32, inel
Over 32 to 38, inel
Over 38 to 45, inel
Over 45 to 50, inel

soil or moisture, shall not be cause for rejection of the tubes

provided the tube dimensions are still within prescribed
limits and the tube is sUitable for its intended application.
21.2.9 Hydrostatic Test-The internal hydroStatic pressure necessary to produce the required fiber stress shall be
deterinined by the following equation for thin hollow cylinders under tension.
P = 2St/(D - 0.81)
(1)

Drill

64
58
56
55

1.11
1.322

where:
P = hydrostatic pressure, MPa;
t = thickness oftube wall~ mm;
D = outside diameter of tube, mm, arid;
S .=, anowable fiber stress of the materi3l, MPa
21.2.9.1 The tube need not betested,at a'pressure gage
reading oV,er 6.9 MPa unless so spOOfled:
-21.2.10 Pneumatic Test-The ,test method shall permit
easy Visual detection of leakage, such as having the material
under
..,water or by the pressure <lifferentful method.

21.2.8.2 Alternatively, at the option of the manufacturer,

using speed-insensitive eddy-current units that are equipped
to select a fraction of the maximum imbalance signal, the
following percent maximum imbalance signals shall be used:
Standard Tube Size,

Maximum Pen:ent Imbalance

mm

."Si&naI Magnitude

Up to 9, inel
13 to 50, inel
Over 50 to 16, inel

02
0.3
0.4

21.2.8.3 Tubes that do not activate the signalling device of

the eddy-current tester shall be .considered as conforming to
the requirements of this test. 'Tubes with discontinuities
indicated by the testing unit are perinitted, at the option of
the manufacturer, to be reexaIDined or retested to determine
whether the discontinuing is cauSe for rejection. Signals that
are found to have been caused by minor mechanical damage,

22. Certification
22.1 Certification is mandatory when product is ordered
for ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications.
23. Key-,vords
23.1 seamless copper tube; seamless tube; tube

APPENDIXES
(NOllmandatory Information)
Xl. RECOMMENDED APPUCATIONS
strength or bendIng qualities.
X1.3 Tube in the H80 temper is ~Jm,Ilended for
applications ,where there is a need for a tube as strong as
technically feasible for the size indicated.

Xl.1 Tube in the H55 temper is recomrilended when a

tube of some stiffness is required yet capable of being bent
when necessary.
'
, XL2 Tube in the H58 temper is recommended for
general applications where there is no specific need for high

X2. INTERNATIONAL ANNEALED COPP:Ij;R STANDARD (ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY EQUIVALENTS)

Electrical Resistivity, Q. g/m2

Conductivity, %

0.15116
0.15328
0.15614
0.15131

101.00
100.00
98.16
91.40

Electrical

ResistivilY, ngjm2
0.15940
0.11031
0.11418

Conductivity, %

,.96.16
90
88

SUMMARY OF CHANGES
This section identifies the location of selected changes to this specification that have been incorporated
since the 1992a issue, and the following are some of the changes incorporated in this revision:
(1) Ordering lnformation......Options available identified.
(2) General Requirements-The applicable sections of
Specification B 251M identified:
(3) Number of Tests and Retests-The conditions under
which retests are 'perinitted are more definitively stated.
(4) Sampling and Specimen Preparation sections added.

(5) Test Methods-Individual test methods are identified

and eddy-current parameters significantly revised.
(6) Recommended applications for the various tempers
relocated from Temper section text to an appendix.
(7) Nonmandatory language has been deleted and replaced with mandatory language.

94

4~ 875M
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with any item mentioned in this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such
patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.
This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed evety five years and
if not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standards
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views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428.

95