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    An Analysis of Wave Guide E-Plane Tee As 3dB Splitter at X Band Using HFSS Software

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    Hrisheeshwar Kaushik
    The document describes a simulation of an E-plane tee waveguide component at X-band frequencies using HFSS software. It analyzes the electric and magnetic field distributions and phase relationships between ports to demonstrate that the component acts as a 3dB power splitter.

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    An Analysis of Wave Guide E-Plane Tee As 3dB Splitter at X Band Using HFSS Software

    Uploaded by

    Hrisheeshwar Kaushik
    206 views3 pages
    The document describes a simulation of an E-plane tee waveguide component at X-band frequencies using HFSS software. It analyzes the electric and magnetic field distributions and phase relationships between ports to demonstrate that the component acts as a 3dB power splitter.

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    HFSS Simulations

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    E plane T

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    The document describes a simulation of an E-plane tee waveguide component at X-band frequencies using HFSS software. It analyzes the electric and magnetic field distributions and phase relationships between ports to demonstrate that the component acts as a 3dB power splitter.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    206 views3 pages

    An Analysis of Wave Guide E-Plane Tee As 3dB Splitter at X Band Using HFSS Software

    Uploaded by

    Hrisheeshwar Kaushik
    The document describes a simulation of an E-plane tee waveguide component at X-band frequencies using HFSS software. It analyzes the electric and magnetic field distributions and phase relationships between ports to demonstrate that the component acts as a 3dB power splitter.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 3

    International Journal of Soft Computing and Engineering (IJSCE)

    ISSN: 2231-2307, Volume-2, Issue-6, January 2013

    An Analysis of Wave Guide E-Plane Tee as 3dB


    splitter at X Band Using HFSS Software
    Pampa Debnath, Snehasis Roy
    Abstract In this paper, HFSS simulation software has been
    used to design X band E-plane Tee to study the power distribution
    between port 1 and 2 along with distribution of electric and
    magnetic fields. Phase of transmission coefficient between
    collinear arms is observed 180 degree and the power at collinear
    arms reflect the nature of 3 dB splitter of E plane tee. Simulation
    results also show the field analysis in collinear, and side arm. The
    analysis is helpful for designing magic tee and waveguide
    components using tee structure.

    For a linearly-polarized antenna, the plane containing


    electric field vector is the E-plane, and is in the direction of
    maximum radiation. The electric field determines the
    polarization or orientation of the radio wave. For a
    vertically-polarized antenna, the E-plane usually coincides
    with the vertical/elevation plane. For a horizontally-polarized
    antenna, the E-Plane usually coincides with the
    horizontal/azimuth plane.
    II. DESIGN

    Keywords HFSS, E Plane TEE, E-port, Collinear arm,


    Transmission coefficient, X band.

    I. INTRODUCTION
    Waveguide E plane tee is an important passive element in
    microwave and millimeter wave engineering. Tee junctions
    are generally used to split the line power into two or combine
    the power from two lines with proper consideration of phase.
    However, because of the complicated structure and small size,
    good performance E plane tee at microwave frequencies such
    as at X band or higher frequencies is difficult to realize. On
    the other hand, a precise field analysis on waveguide E plane
    tee is also difficult. So proper numerical analysis of
    waveguide tee junctions will help to analyze the power
    distributions between different ports along with phase of
    transmission coefficient.
    Several workers already made significant contributions in
    this field. Liu [1] made a comparative analysis of planar SIW
    magic tee with traditional rectangular tee. Novel four planar
    magic tee was proposed by You et. al. [2] for networking
    applications using waveguide side-wall slot directional
    coupler and a double dielectric slab filled waveguide phase
    shifter. The present author [3] also analyzed magic tee
    structure in X-band for useful practical applications, which is
    matched with findings of others [4]. Experimental results [5]
    are well fitted with the recently available numerical studies.
    Shen first presented the detailed analytical model [6] for tee
    structures using hybrid finite-element-modal-expansion
    method. As HFSS is an interactive software package for
    calculating the electromagnetic behavior of a structure, so one
    can compute basic electromagnetic field quantities,
    generalized S-parameters and S-parameters renormalized to
    specific port impedances, the eigenmodes, or resonances, of a
    structure [7]. HFSS is a high-performance full-wave
    electromagnetic field simulator for arbitrary 3D volumetric
    passive device modeling. Proper materials are always chosen
    prior to the simulation for future experimental works.

    An E plane Tee is a wave guide tee in which the axis of its


    side arms is parallel to the E field of the main guide. When the
    waves are fed into the side arm (port 3), the waves appearing
    at port1 and port 2 of the collinear arm will be in opposite
    phase and in the same magnitude [9-11]. Fig 1 shows the
    schematic structure of a E-plane tee. It is called an E type
    junction because the junction arm extends from the main
    waveguide in the same direction as the E field in the
    waveguide.

    Fig: 1(a) Schematic diagram of E plane Tee

    Fig: 1(b) Equivalent circuit of E plane Tee


    From fig 1(a) and 1(b) it is clear that it causes load
    connected to its branches to appear in series. So it is often
    referred to as a series tee. In the design of E plane tee using
    HFSS software length is to be taken as 9.5 mm and width is 8
    mm.

    Manuscript received on January, 2013.


    Pampa Debnath is an Assistant Professor in the Department of
    Electronics & Communication Engineering, RCC Institute of Information
    Technology, Kolkata, and West Bengal, India.
    Snehasis Roy is a Junior Telecom Officer in IT Project Circle of Bharat
    Sanchar Nigam Limited, Kolkata, and West Bengal, India.

    355

    Fig:1(c) Constructional details of E plane Tee

    An Analysis of Wave Guide E-Plane Tee as 3dB splitter at X Band Using HFSS Software
    III. NUMERICAL RESULTS
    An E plane Tee in X band has been designed using HFSS
    software as shown in Fig. 2, in which port 2 and port 3 has
    been assigned to two collinear arms, whereas port 1has been
    assigned for side arm .

    As described earlier when the waves are fed into port 1, the
    waves appearing at port 2 and port 3 will be in opposite phase
    and in the same magnitude. Therefore S12= - S13.

    Fig 2: Schematic picture of E plane tee in simulation software


    Fig5: S12 and S13
    In Fig.3 and Fig. 4, it is observed that a wave incident at
    port 1 (E arm) divides equally between ports 2 and 3 in
    opposite phase. However powers fed in arms 2 and 3 are
    subtracted in arm 1

    Fig 3: Electric field vector variation when signal entering at


    port 1

    Fig 6: Phase of the transmission coefficients out the Co-linear


    ports

    Fig 5 shows the scattering power variation between port 1,


    2 and port1, 3 which shows that with variation of frequency
    transmitted power in port 2 and port 3 is equally distributed
    when power is given at port 1 whereas Fig 6 shows the phase
    of the transmission coefficients out the Co-linear ports. It can
    easily be stated from the figure that when signal entering port
    1, it will equally divide and appear at port 2 and 3 with
    opposite phase.
    Fig 7: Port 3assigned to E arm
    From the simulation results it has been observed at 9.7 GHz
    frequency the S matrix of E plane tee (where port 3 has been
    assigned to the side arm and port 1 and 2 to the collinear arms
    as shown in fig 7) is

    Fig4: Magnitude of field variation when signal entering at


    port 1

    S11

    S12

    S13

    0.14423

    0.40836

    S 21

    S 22

    S 23

    0.40836

    0.25154

    S 31

    S 32

    S 33

    0.40924

    0.55261

    For S matrix, it is known that, [b] = [s][a].


    If a1 = a2 = 0 and a3 0, then simulation gives,
    b1 = 0.40924 a3,

    356

    0.40924
    0.55261
    0.05233

    International Journal of Soft Computing and Engineering (IJSCE)


    ISSN: 2231-2307, Volume-2, Issue-6, January 2013
    b2 = -0.55261 a3 and
    b3 = 0.05233 a3 (indicates almost zero power)
    i.e. an input at port 3, is equally divided between port 1 and
    2, but introduces a phase shift of 180 between the two
    outputs. Hence E plane Tee acts as a 3dB splitter.
    IV. CONCLUSION
    Waveguide E plane tee at X band is analyzed by HFSS
    software. The performance of transmission coefficient is
    examined and the phase of transmission coefficient which is
    180 opposite has been observed in this work. Transmission
    coefficients vs frequency has been plotted and also
    numerically calculated from the simulation. The S matrix
    calculation reflects the nature of 3 dB splitter of E plane tee.
    Therefore the designed E plane tee has a structure that is
    convenient for manufacture and its good performance can
    meet the requirement for designing a Magic tee for practical
    system such as microwave impedance bridges, antenna
    duplexer, balance microwave mixer and microwave antenna
    systems.
    REFERENCES
    [1]

    M.Liu, Z.Feng, A novel hybrid planar SIW magic Tee, , pp. 1-4,
    APMC 2008.
    [2] L.Z.You, W.B.Dou, Design and Optimization of Planar Waveguide
    Magic Tee at W-band, pp. 1- 4, ICMMT-2007.
    [3] Pampa.Debnath,Snehasis,Roy, An Analysis of Wave guide Magic Tee
    at X band using HFSS, IJETAE,ISSN 2250-2459, Volume 2, Issue
    5,May 2012.
    [4] P.Dawar, Design and Simulation of Magic Tee and Ring Hybrid
    Coupler using Ansoft HFSS, IJCST, vol 2, issue1,2011.
    [5] T.Sieverding and F. Arndt, Modal analysis of the magic tee, IEEE
    Microwave Guided Wave Lett., Vol. 3,150152,1993.
    [6] Z.X.Shen,
    C.L.
    Law
    and
    C.
    Qian,
    Hybrid
    finite-element-modal-expansion method for matched magic
    T-junction , IEEE Trans. Magnetics, Vol. 38,385388, 2002.
    [7] HFSS: High Frequency Structure Simulator based on the Finite
    Element Method, v. 9.2.1, Ansoft Corporation, 2004.
    [8] A.Das and S.K.Das, Microwave Engineering,2nd edition, New
    Delhi,Tata McGraw Hill,2009.
    [9] D.M.Pozar, Microwave Engineering, 2nd Edition, and New York:
    John Wiley &sons Inc,1998.
    [10] R.E.Collin, Foundation of Microwave Engineering, 2nd Edition
    McGraw-Hill Book Co, New York,1996.
    [11] M.L.Sisodia, G.S. Raghuvanshi, Microwave circuits and Passive
    Devices,2003.

    Pampa Debnath received her B.Tech. Degree in


    Electronics & Communication Engineering from the
    University of Burdwan in 2004 and she recieved
    M.Tech. In RF & Microwave Engg. From the
    University of Burdwan in 2006. She is presently
    working as an Assistant Professor in RCC Institute
    of Information Technology, Kolkata. Her research
    interests are in Microwave Engineering, Antenna
    and Microcontroller.
    Snehasis Roy received his B.Tech. Degree in
    Electronics & Instrumentation Engineering from the
    University of Kalyani in 2005 and he recieved
    M.Tech. In Instrument technology from Indian
    Institute of Technology, Delhi in 2009. He served as
    a visiting lecturer in RCC Institute of Information
    Technology, Kolkata. He is presently working as a
    Junior Telecom officer in Bharat Sanchar Nigam ltd.
    His research interest are in Microwave Engineering,
    Microcontroller and communication Engineering.

    357

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