4 1 Alternating Current
4 1 Alternating Current
com
Alternating Current
Voltage and Power
2011
1.
In
an
AC
circuit,
and
are
given
3
a) 106 W
b) 150 W
c) 5625 W
d) Zero
2010
2.
3.
b) 4 A
c) 7 A
b) 42.4 V
d) 5 A
1
s from start will be
720
c) 84.8 V
d) 106.8 V
2009
4.
5.
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2008
6.
In an AC circuit the emf (e) and the current (i) at any instant are given
respectively by
e = Eo sin t
i = I o sin ( t )
The average power in the circuit over one cycle of AC is
a)
7.
Eo I o
2
b)
Eo I o
sin
2
c)
Eo I o
cos
2
d) Eo I o
2007
8.
1
1
to then what is the increase in impedance in
2
4
AC?
a) 20%
9.
b) 50%
c) 25%
d) 100%
10.
b) 2.828 A
c) 1.732 A
d) 4 A
c) Zero resistance
d) None of the
2A
b) Less resistance
above
2006
11.
10
A
2
b)
5
A
2
c) 20 2 A
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d) 10 2 A
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12.
If impedance is
a) Zero
13.
c) 60
d) Data is incomplete
14.
b) 0.707 Vo I o W
c) 1.919Vo I o W
d) Zero
15.
b) 22 103 cal
c) 33 103 cal
d) 25 103 cal
16.
b) 1.56 A
c) 5.6 A
d) 1.41 A
b) 10 W
c) 5 W
d) 2.5 W
2005
17.
18.
( I1 + I 2 )
2
c)
I12 + I 22
2
d)
I12 I 22
2
19.
b)
( I1 + I 2 )
b) 230 2 V
c) 220 2 V
d) 200 2 V
The time taken by an alternating current of 50Hz in reaching from zero to its
maximum value will be
a) 0.5 s
b) 0.005 s
c) 0.05 s
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d) 5
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Alternating Current
Voltage and Power
Key
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
8)
9)
11) d
12) c
13) d
14) b
15) c
16) a
17) c
Solutions
1.
I 0 = 150amp and
V0 = 150volt
1
P = Vo I 0 cos
2
P = 0.5 150 150 cos 600
2.
2
Q = ( 3 ) R / J )
2
ii) Due to alternating current of 4 A, Q = ( 4 ) R / J )
( 3)
=
( 4)
+
I 2 R 25R
But,
=
J
J
I=5A
3.
V = V0 sin t
V = Vrms 2 sin t
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25 R
J
18) c
19) b
10)
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t=
1
s
720
Pav =
Pav =
W
T
( E0 I 0 cos ) T / 2
Pav =
8.
T
E0 I 0 cos
2
cos
1
Z
Z1 cos 1 1/ 4 1
=
=
=
Z 2 cos 2 1/ 2 2
Z 2 = 2 Z1
Percentage change =
9.
1
= 60 2 = 84.8V
720
2 Z1 Z1
100 =100%
Z1
e = 80 sin 100 t
Here, e0 = 80V
Where e0 is the peak value of voltage
Impedance (Z) = 20
I0 =
11.
e0
e
I0 = 0
Z
Z
I rms =
I0
4
=
= 2 2 = 2.828 A
2
2
irms =
i0
2
i0 = 2 irms = 2 10 A = 10 2 A
2011
13.
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1
P = V0 I 0 cos
2
But = / 2 = 900
1
P = V0 I 0 cos 900
2
= 0 cos900 = 0
14.
H=
I v2 RT
J
( 2)
cal =
100 7 60
42
= 22 103 Cal
I 0 220 /100
=
= 2
I ms =
2
2
15.
I 0 = 2 I rms
I rms = 4 A
I 0 = 2 4 = 5.6 A
16.
P = VI cos
V= 5cos P = VI cos 2 ft
Here, =
P = VI cos = VI cos
17.
=0
I = I1 cos t + I 2 sin t
I 0 = I12 + I 22
I rms
18.
I
= 0 =
2
I12 + I 22
I12 + I 22
2
Vrms = 220V
But Vrms =
peak voltage VP
=
2
2
VP = 220 2 V
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19.
T=
1
1
=
= 0.0.2 s
f 50
T 0.02
=
= 0.005s
4
4
AC Circuits
2011
1.
2.
b) 200 mA
c) 20 mA
d) 10 mA
3.
a) 4
b) 2
c) Zero
d) 6
The peak value of an alternating current is 5A and its frequency is 60Hz. Find its
rms value and time taken to reach the peak value of current starting from zero
4.
a) 3.536 A, 4.167 ms
b) 3.536 A, 15 ms
c) 6.07 A, 10 ms
d) 2.536 A, 4.167 m
5.
Vm
Z
Vm
XL
b) I m =
c) I m =
Vm
XC
d) I m =
Vm
R
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2010
6.
1
. If the frequency of AC is doubled,
2
1
3
b)
1
5
c)
1
7
d)
1
11
8.
15
A
2
b) 8A
c) 18A
d) 10A
V = 100sin (100t ) volt and i = 100sin 100t + mA . The power dissipated in the
3
circuit will be
a) 104 W
9.
b) 10 W
c) 2.5 W
d) 5 W
10.
b) 0.51 H
c) 1.5 H
d) 0.99 H
11.
a)
R + 2 2 f 2 L2
b)
R + 4 2 f 2 L2
c)
R 2 + 4 2 f 2 L2
d)
R 2 + 2 2 f 2 L2
b) 30
c) 45
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d) 60
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12.
13.
b)
c)
L
R
d)
R
L
a) 50
14.
L
R
c) 200
d) 400
15.
6.0 and an inductor coil. The circuit is found to resonate when put across a
300V, 100Hz supply. The inductance of coil is (taking = 3 )
a) 0.1 H
16.
b) 0.01 H
c) 0.2 H
d) 0.02 H
17.
b) 1 A
c) 1 mA
d) 1000 mA
Assertion: For an electric lamp connected in series with a variable capacitor and
AC source, its brightness increases with increase in capacitance
Reason: Capacitive reactance decreases with increase in
1) Both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion
2) Both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of
assertion
3) Assertion is true but reason is false
4) Assertion is false but reason is true
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18.
0.4
In an L R circuit, the value of L is
H and the value of R is 30 . If in the
circuit, an alternating emf of 200V at 50cycle s is connected, the impedances of
the circuit and current will be
a) 11.4 , 17.5 A
b) 30.7 , 6.5 A
c) 40.4 , 5 A
d) 50 , 4 A
2009
19.
is
a)
20.
2
1
C
2R
d)
b)
2
2
1
R + L
C
2 R 2 + L
c)
2R
R + L
R + L
21.
22.
b) Zero
1
CV 2
d)
1
CV 2
4
c) Lags behind by
23.
c)
b) 90 V
c) 169.68 V
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d) None of these
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24.
Same current is flowing in to alternating circuits. The first circuit contains only
inductance and the other contains only a capacitor. If the frequency of the emf of
AC is increased, the effect on the value of the current will be
a) Increases in the first circuit and decreases in the other
b) Increases in both the circuits
c) Decreases in both the circuits
d) Decreases in the first circuit and increases
2008
25.
3 (but maintaining the same voltage), the current in the circuit is found to be
halved. Calculate the ratio of reactance to resistance at the original frequency
a)
26.
3
5
b)
2
5
c)
1
5
d)
4
5
What is the value of inductance L for which the current is a maximum in a series
L C R circuit with C = 10 F and = 1000 s 1 ?
27.
a) 100 mH
b) 1 mH
d) 10 mH
In non resonant circuit, what will be the nature of the circuit for frequencies
higher than the resonant frequency?
a) Resistive
28.
b) Capacitive
c) Inductive
29.
c) 0.7 A
d) 7 A
30.
b) 0.5 A
b) 180
c) 0
d) 60
b) 200
c) 250
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d) 300
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31.
The power factor in a circuit connected to an AC power supply has a value which
is
a) Unity when the circuit contains only inductance
b) Unity when the circuit contains only resistance
c) Zero when the circuit contains an ideal resistance only
d) Unity when the circuit contains an ideal capacitance only
32.
33.
b)
R
8
c)
R
4
d)
R
2
34.
d) f 2
35.
c) f 2 2
b) 8f
1
2
1
LC
b)
1
2
LC
c)
1
LC
d)
LC
b) X C = 0
c) X L = 0
d) X C X L = 0
2007
36.
R 2 + 2 L2
a)
V
b)
(R
V 2R
2
+ 2 L2
c) 2
2
2
R + L
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d)
R 2 + 2 L2
V2
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37.
38.
1
10
2)
1
20
c)
1
40
d)
1
60
The reactance of a coil when used in the AC power supply 220V , 50 cycles 1
b) 0.22 H
c) 2.2 H
d) 1.6 H
103
200
An inductance of
mH
,
a
capacitance
of
F and a resistance of 10
are connected in series with an AC source 220V, 50Hz. The phase angle of the
circuit is
a)
40.
b)
c)
d)
In a circuit, the current lags behind the voltage by a phase difference of 2 , the
circuit will contain which of the following?
a) Only R
41.
b) Only C
c) R and C
d) Only L
42.
b) 0.64
d) 0.33
43.
c) 0.80
b) X L >> R
c) X L << R
d) X L =
b) 0.5
c) 1.0
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2006
44.
45.
b) 10 V
c) 22 V
d) 52 V
46.
b) 100 Hz
c) 109 Hz
d) 500 Hz
47.
3) R and C
4) Only R
48.
2) L and C
b) 1
c) zero
d) 2 L
49.
b) tan 1
2
c) tan 1
4
d) tan 1
3
A circuit draws 330W from a 110V, 60Hz AC line. The power factor is 0.6 and the
current lags the voltage. The capacitance of a series capacitor that will result in a
power factor of unity is equal to
a) 31 F
b) 54 F
c) 151 F
d) 201 F
2005
50.
c)
2 f ( 2 fL + R )
1
2 f ( 2 fL R )
b)
1
f ( 2 fL + R )
d)
1
f ( 2 fL R )
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AC Circuits
Key
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
8)
9)
10) c
11) a
12) b
13) b
14) b
15) a
16) a
17) a
18) d
19) a
20) a
21) b
22) a
23) c
24) d
25) a
26) a
27) c
28) b
29) c
30) a
31) b
32) a
33) c
34) a
35) d
36) b
37) b
38) a
39) b
40) d
41) c
42) b
43) c
44) a
45) a
6)
47) a
48) a
49) b
50) c
Solutions
1.
e = 200 2 sin100t
and
C = 1 F
Erms = 200V
2.
3.
XC =
1
1
=
= 104
6
C 1 10 100
irms =
Erms
Xc
irms =
200
= 2 102 A = 20 mA
4
10
tan =
X L L
=
R
R
tan =
3
3
irms =
T=
6.
Or =
rad
i0
5
=
= 2.536 A
2
2
1
= 4.167 ms
4 60
cos =
R
R 2 + 4 2 L2
R
R2 + 4R2
1
5
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7.
R=
100
= 10
10
X L = 2 fL
100
= 2 50 L
8
L=
X i = 2 fL = 2 40
1
8
X i = 2 fL = 2 40
1
=
8
i=
8.
1
H
8
(10 )
+ (10 ) = 10 2
2
V
150
15
=
=
A
Z 10 2
2
= 600
V0i0
100 100 103
P=
cos 600 = 2.5 W
cos =
2
2
9.
tan =
L
L=
L
R
1
C = 0
1
C
1
2C
L =
11.
314 s
) (
1 2
20 106 F
= 0.51H
Z = R 2 + X L2
X L = L = 2 fL
Z = R 2 + 4 2 f 2 L2
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(10 )
10 =
+ ( X L XC )
100 = 100 + ( X L X C )
X L XC = 0
13.
tan
XL
R
XL
R
Z= R = 100
i0 =
220 2
220 2
=
100
100 3.14
I 0 = 1A
15.
0 = 2 n 2 100
0 = 2 3 100 = 600rad / s
Also, 0 =
XC =
1
LC
1
= 60
C0
C=
1
1
=
0 60 600 60
1
600
1
L
3
36 10
36 103
36 10 =
L
4
36 103 1
L=
=
= 0.1H
36 104 10
16.
q = q0 sin t
Or I 0 = q0 = maximum current
( )
1
1
=
= 109
LC
109
1/ 2
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( )
I 0 = 109
18.
1/ 2
1 (106 = 1000 mA
X L = L = 2 fL = 2 50
0.4
= 40
R = 30
( 30 )
Z = rR 2 + X L2 =
irms =
25.
+ ( 40 ) = 50
2
vrms 200
=
= 4A
X
50
Vrms
I rms =
1
R +
I rms
=
2
Also,
3R 2 =
26.
Vrms
1
R2 +
c
Vrms
R2 +
9
C2
2
5
C2
2
1
3
=
C
5
R
i=
V
R2 + ( X L = X C )
But, X L = X C
Or L =
1
C
Or L =
1
2C
= 1000 s 1 , C = 10 F = 10 106
L =
28.
(1000 )
10 106
=0.1 H
220
R 2 + 2 L2
L
R 2 + 2 L2
220 L
(R
+ 2 L2
EV
sin
Z
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34.
220 ( 2 50 0.7 )
( 220 )
+ ( 2 50 0.7 )
X L = X C o L =
1
= 0.5 A
2
1
0C
1
LC
02 =
1
LC
0 =
2 f =
f =
1
LC
1
2 LC
35.
Resonance condition is X L = X C or X C X L = 0
37.
tan =
XL
R
tan 450 =
L=
L=
38.
L
R
100
2 (1000 )
1
20
X L = L = 2 fL
X L = 50, f = 50cps
L=
39.
XL
tan =
XL
50
1
=
=
= 0.16 H
2 f 2 50 2 3.14
X L XC
R
200
X L = 2 fL = 2 50
103 = 20
XC =
1
1
=
= 10
2 fC 2 50 103
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And R = 10
tan =
20 10
=1
10
tan = tan
45.
f =
47.
X L = L
2 LC
1
2 0.25 0.1 106
and X C =
1007 Hz
1
C
XL
L
=
= 2 LC
X C 1/ C
48.
XL
and X L = L = 2 fL = 2 50 0.01 =
R
tan =
Also R = 1 = tan 1 ( )
49.
P
330
3
R=
Cos R =
R
R 2 + X L2
R +
2
X L2
X L2
XL =
= 0.6
R
=
0.6
R2
( 0.6 )
X L2
R 2 0.64
=
0.36
0.8 R 4 R
=
0.6
3
And
X L = KC
XC =
4 R 4 100 440
=
=
3
3 3
9
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2 f
C=
440
9
2 3.14 60 440
0.000054 F = 54 F
50.
tan =
1
C
= 45
tan 45 =
1=
1
C
1
C
R
R = L
C =
C=
1
C
1
( L R)
1
1
=
2 ( L R ) 2 f ( 2 fL R )
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E
R
b)
E
L
c)
E
R + L2
2
d)
EL
R + L2
2
2008
3.
b) 0.1 s
c) 0.15 s
d) 0.3 s
2007
4.
5.
b) 20
c) 5
d) 0.2
In an L R circuit, time constant is that time in which current grows from zero to
the value
a) 0.63 I o
b) 0.50 I o
c) 0.37 I o
d) I o
2004
6.
b) 40 V
c) 250 V
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d) 4 103 V
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Key
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
Hints
2.
I=
2
= 1mA
2000
I = I o 1 e Rt
3.
Io
= I o 1 e Rt
2
1
= 1 e Rt
2
)
L
e Rt L = 1 2
Rt
= ln 2
L
L
300 10 3
ln 2 =
0.693
R
2
= 150 0.693 10 3
= 0.10395 s = 0.1 s
L 40
=
= 5s
R 8
4.
t=
5.
I = I o 1 e 1
L
= Is called time constant.
R
At t =
I = I o 1 e 1
)
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2
= 2mA
1000
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1
Or I = I o 1
e
I = 0.63 I o
Or
6.
L =
I=
1
C
VR 100
=
= 0.1A
R 1000
VL = IX L = I L
But
VL =
L =
1
C
1
0.1
=
= 250V
C 200 2 106
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