Faculty of Management and Computing

Review of Lectures 1- 4

1.

List and explain the 5 parts of an information system.

People: computers are all about making people, end users more productive.

Procedures: rules or guidelines people follow when using software, hardware,

and data are procedures.

Software: program consists of step-by-step instructions that tell the computer

how to do its work. The purpose of software is to convert data into information.

Hardware: equipment that processes the data to create information. It includes

keyboard, mouse, monitor, system unit and other devices.

Data: raw, unprocessed facts, including text, numbers, images, and sounds.

2.

List and explain 4 features common to all application software.

Operating Systems are programs that coordinate computer resources, provide an

interface between users and the computer, and run applications.
Utilities, also known as service programs, perform specific tasks related to managing
computer resources.
Device drivers are specialized programs designed to allow particular input output
device to communicate with the rest of the computer system.
Language translators convert the programming instructions written by programmers
into language that computers understand and process.
3.

What is the difference between input and output?

Input device is a piece of equipment that translates data into a form a computer
can process.
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Keyboard and Mouse

1

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Output Devices are equipment that translates processes information from the
CPU into a form that can be understood
-

4.

Monitors and Printers

Explain the 3 major areas included in Artificial Intelligence. Give example for
each.

5.

What are the most common input devices?

Keyboard and Mouse

6.

List and explain 3 features in a word processing software.

Word Wrap: automatically moves text to new line when prior line is full
Thesaurus: is a reference tool that provides synonyms, antonyms, and related
words for a selected word or phrase.
Find and Replace: to make editing easier, you can use the Find and Replace
feature to fine text in a document and replace it with other text as directed.

7.

List and explain 2 feature in a database software.

Table: makes up the basic structure of database. Their columns display field data
and their rows display records.
Record: contains all the information about one person, thing, or place.
Fields: is the smallest unit of information about a record and is typically stored in a
tables column
Record sort: quickly rearrange a tables records by sorting the table data in a
different order.
Query: is a request for a specific data contained in a database. Queries may use
single or multiple tables.

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Form: displays a record onscreen and makes it easy to enter new records and make
changes to existing records.
Report: A report is printed output generated from tables or queries.
Primary key: is a field that uniquely identifies each record.

8.

List and explain 3 features in spreadsheet software.

Workbook: is an Excel file that can contain one or more related worksheets.
Worksheets: are used for a wide range of different applications. One of the most
common is to create, analyze, and forecast budgets.
Formulas and Functions: A formula is an equation and a function is a prewritten
formula.
Graphic: is a non text element or object such as a drawing or picture.
What-if-analysis: is a technique used to evaluate the effects of changing selected
factors in a worksheet
9.

What is a groupware? List and explain 2 features of a groupware.

Groupware is Class of Software that enables people to work together more
effectively.

Rich documents

Formatted documents with special fonts, font style, font size, foreground
and background color etc

Links

Hypertext links between documents to form a web of knowledge or

information.

Full text searching

Essential for ad hoc queries, it finds all entries related to a topic

Security

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Access control can be used to give different users varying capabilities to

view, add data or make changes to the structure of the database.

Messaging

Calendaring

10.

Provides support for point-to-point or broadcast email.

Provides a shared calendar for scheduling and coordinating with others.

Describe 3 different fields that computers are used.

Education
Learning with the aid of computers and the Internet enable students to go
beyond their textbooks and the traditional style of learning using the chalk
and the blackboard.
Communications
Computers with internet can be used to communicate people across the
world.
Business
Computers with different types of information systems can be used to do
business effectively and will help to make better decisions.

11.

What is a Gantt chart?

Gantt Charts
o

Gantt charts are a project planning tool that can be used to

represent the timing of tasks required to complete a project.

Gantt charts are simple to understand and easy to construct, they

are used by most project managers for all but the most complex
projects.

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12.

In a Gantt chart, each task takes up one row.

Bars and lines indicate time scale of a series of tasks

Determines whether tasks are being completed on schedule

What is system software?

System software exists primarily for the computer itself, to help the computer
perform specific functions.

13.

What is the most important type of system software?

One major type of system software is the operating system (OS). All computers
require an operating system.

14.

What is the difference between system software and application software?

System software exists primarily for the computer itself, to help the computer
perform specific functions.

Application software tells the computer how to accomplish tasks the user
requires, such as creating a document or editing a graphic image.

15.

What are the most common basic applications?

i. Browsers
ii. Word processors
iii. Spreadsheets
iv. Database management systems
v. Presentation graphics

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16.

What is the difference between an integrated package and software suite?

Integrated package: A single program that provides the functionality of a
widely used program
Software suite: Collection of separate application programs sold as a group

17.

What are the advantages and disadvantages of each?

Integrated package advantages
Cost and simplicity
Integrated package disadvantages
Limited functions
Software suites are less expensive than individual applications; but more
expensive than integrated packages

18.

What are presentation graphics programs?

Presentation graphics programs is Programs that create visually interesting
presentations.

How are they used?

Slides

Design templates

Special effects

AutoContent wizard

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19.

What is the difference between a function and a formula? How is a formula

related to what-if analysis?

Formulas and Functions: A formula is an equation and a function is a

prewritten formula.

What-if-analysis: is a technique used to evaluate the effects of changing

selected factors in a worksheet.

20.

Robots are used in 3 different purposes. List and explain the 3 types of robots.
i. Perception systems
ii. Industrial robots
iii. Mobile robots

21.

What is a computer? List the 4 basic operations in a computer.

Computer A machine that performs the four basic operations of the
information-processing cycle:
a. input
b. processing
c. output
d. storage

22.

Discuss graphics programs including desktop publishing, image editors, and

illustration programs.

These are the popular types of OS. In a GUI, computer resources are represented by
small pictures, called icons.
Programs run within sizeable on-screen windows, making it easy to switch from one
program to another.

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Within programs you can give commands by choosing items from the pull-down
menus, some of which display dialog boxes.
GUIs are easy to use but they make heavy demands on a computers
processing circuitry and slow the computer down considerably
23.

What is OS and give 3 example for OS.

OS is a collection of programs that handles technical tasks

24.

MS-DOS

Windows

Mac OS powerful and easy to use

UNIX network; originally designed for Web

LINUX non proprietary; free off Web

Explain User Interface and list two function of User Interface.

User interface is the part of the OS that interacts with the user.
The three common types of user interfaces are:
Command Line
Menu Driven
Graphical User Interface

25.

List 5 types of utilities

Troubleshooting programs that recognize and correct problems, ideally before

they become serious problems.
Antivirus programs that guard your computer system against viruses or other
damaging programs that can invade your computer system
Uninstall programs that allow you to safely and completely remove un-needed
programs and related files from your hard disk.

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Backup programs that make copies of files to be used in case the originals are lost
or damaged.
File compression programs that reduce the size of files so they require less
storage space and can be sent more efficiently over the Internet.

26.

Explain Disk Defragmenter.

Disk Defragmenter is a utility program that locates and eliminates unnecessary
fragments and rearranges files and unused disk space to optimize operations

27.

Define compiler and explain the need of a compiler for the computer .

A compiler is a computer program that translates a computer program written in one

computer language into a program written in another computer language.
Most compilers translate source code written in a high level language to object code
or machine language that many be directly executed by a computer.
Compiler compiles the whole program while the interpreter execute one statement at
a time.

Computer Concepts and PC Applications