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Assignment 1

1. The document describes 10 multi-part engineering problems involving concepts like heat transfer, entropy change, heat exchangers, turbines, and thermodynamics. The problems provide technical descriptions of systems and processes, along with relevant thermodynamic data like temperatures, pressures, mass flow rates. Students are asked to analyze the systems and processes to determine values like entropy changes, heat transfer rates, work outputs, and efficiencies.

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Roshan Shanmughan
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883 views

Assignment 1

1. The document describes 10 multi-part engineering problems involving concepts like heat transfer, entropy change, heat exchangers, turbines, and thermodynamics. The problems provide technical descriptions of systems and processes, along with relevant thermodynamic data like temperatures, pressures, mass flow rates. Students are asked to analyze the systems and processes to determine values like entropy changes, heat transfer rates, work outputs, and efficiencies.

Uploaded by

Roshan Shanmughan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ASSIGNMENT 1

1. A rigid tank is divided into two equal parts by a partition. One part of the
tank contains 1.5kg of compressed liquid water at 300 kPa and 60 0C
while the other part is evacuated. The partition is now removed, and the
water expands to fill the entire tank. Determine the entropy change of the
water during this process, if he final pressure in the tank in 15 kPa.

Figure 1
2. An isentropic steam turbine processes 5 kg/s of steam at 4 MPa, which is
exhausted at 50 kPa and 100C. Five percent of this flow is diverted for
feed water heating at 700 kPa. Determine the power produced by the
turbine in kW.

Figure 2
3. A 50-kg iron block and a 20-kg copper block, both initially at 80C, are
dropped into a large lake at 15C. Thermal equilibrium is established
after a while as a result of heat transfer between the blocks and the lake
water. Determine the total entropy change for this process.

Figure 3
4. Cold water (cp = 4.18 kJ/kg-C) leading to a shower enters a wellinsulated, thin-walled, double-pipe, counter flowheat exchanger at 15C
at a rate of 0.25 kg/s and is heated to 45C by hot water (cp = 4.19 kJ/kgC) that enters at 100C at a rate of 3 kg/s. Determine (a) the rate of heat
transfer and (b) the rate of entropy generation in the heat exchanger.

Figure 4
5. Steam expands in a turbine steadily at a rate of 25,000 kg/h, entering at 6
MPa and 450C and leaving at 20 kPa as saturated vapour. If the power
generated by the turbine is 4.0 MW, determine the rate of entropy
generation for this process. Assume the surrounding medium is at 25C.

Figure 5
6. Liquid water at 15C is heated in a chamber by mixing it with saturated
steam. Liquid water enters the chamber at the steam pressure at a rate of
4.6 kg/s and the saturated steam enters at a rate of 0.23 kg/s. The mixture
leaves the mixing chamber as a liquid at 45C. If the surroundings are
at 15C, determine (a) the temperature of saturated steam entering the
chamber, (b) the energy destruction during this mixing process, and (c)
the second-law efficiency of the mixing chamber.

Figure 6
7. Steam enters a two-stage adiabatic turbine at 8 MPa and 500C. It
expands in the first stage to a state of 2 MPa and 350C. Steam is then
reheated at constant pressure to a temperature of 500C before it is routed
to the second stage, where it exits at 30 kPa and a quality of 97 percent.
The work output of the turbine is 5 MW. Assuming the surroundings to
be at 25C, determine the reversible power output and the rate of energy,
destruction within this turbine.

Figure 7
8. A constant-volume tank contains 20 kg of nitrogen at 1000 K, and a
constant-pressure device contains 10 kg of argon at 300 K. A heat engine
placed between the tank and device extracts heat from the hightemperature tank, produces work, and rejects heat to the low-temperature
device. Determine the maximum work that can be produced by the heat
engine and the final temperatures of the nitrogen and argon. Assume
constant specific heats at room temperature.

Figure 8
9. The compressed-air storage tank shown in Figure has a volume of
500,000 m3, and it initially contains air at 100 kPa and 20C. The
isentropic compressor proceeds to compress air that enters the
compressor at 100 kPa and 20C until the tank is filled at 600 kPa and
20C. All heat exchanges are with the surrounding air at 20C. Calculate
the change in the work potential of the air stored in the tank. How does

this compare to the work required to compress the air as the tank was
being filled?

Figure 9
10. In a dairy plant, milk at 4C is pasteurized continuously at 72C at a rate
of 12 L/s for 24 hours a day and 365 days a year. The milk is heated to
the pasteurizing temperature by hot water heated in a natural-gas-fired
boiler that has an efficiency of 82 percent. The pasteurized milk is then
cooled by cold water at 18C before it is finally refrigerated back to 4C.
To save energy and money, the plant installs a regenerator that has an
effectiveness of 82 percent. If the cost of natural gas is $1.04/therm (1
therm = 105,500 kJ), determine how much energy and money the
regenerator will save this company per year and the annual reduction in
entropy generation.

Figure 10

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