Instrument Transformers

Inductive voltage transformers
Type EMFC, 24-170 kV

The EMFC is one of the most common inductive
voltage transformers, used both in power networks
with insulated or earthed neutral points. More
than 40 000 transformers of this type have been
delivered to date.
The EMFC has an extremely low core flux
density, making it able to withstand continuous
overvoltages. Ferroresonance, with consequent
overheating and damage is effectively counteracted
by the overdimensioning of the core.
The core and windings are located in the hotdip galvanised bottom tank; which, like the IMB,
is filled with quartz sand and oil. The EMFC also
has the same simple nitrogen-filled expansion
system as the IMB. The EMFC has proven itself
capable of withstanding conditions, in which
many other transformer types break down.
For cases when a combined inductive voltage- and
current transformer is required, ABB can supply
the paper -oil insulated type JUK 123 for highest
system voltage 123 kV. All normally required core
data can be met.
EMFC
Capacitor voltage
transformers
Type CPA / CPB, 72 - 550 kV
ABB capacitor voltage transformers, type CPA and
CPB, are intended for connection between phase
and earth in networks with insulated or earthed
neutral point.
The dielectric we use in the capacitor divider
consists of a combination of oil impregnated paper
and polypropylene film, resulting in the CPA and
CPB being practically impervious to temperature
variations.
The transformer, compensating reactor and
damping circuit are assembled into a hermetically
enclosed, oil filled aluminium tank, with an expansion volume at the top. The windings for ratio
adjustment are easily accessible, to allow the user
to optimise the transformer accuracy.
The CPA and CPB are equipped with a lowvoltage terminal for power line carrier equipment.
From the design point, the CPA and CPB are
identical, apart from the CPB having a larger iron
core, enabling it to withstand higher loads. For
example, the CPB is ideal for retrofits, in which
the existing, high-burden metering and protection
equipment is retained.
In our opinion, due to their ferroresonance
supression capabilities, temperature stability properties and also a number of other design features
the CPA and CPB are probably the worlds most
reliable capacitor voltage transformers.
CPA / CPB
The worlds most widely

sold current transformers
Type IMB, 36-550 kV
ABB has delivered a total of more then 130 000
outdoor current transformers type IMB. It is probably the worlds most widely sold current transformer.
IMB tank type (hairpin design) current transformers are fully machine wound insulated to
ensure high and uniform quality. This transformer
is very flexible, with regard to core space. The
primary conductor is insulated with a special paper, which gives a high insulation resistance, low
dielectric losses and good ageing properties. The
cores are located in the bottom tank, and the complete transformer is filled with a unique mixture of
quartz sand and oil. As a result of this filling, it
has been possible to design an expansion system
entirely without moving parts.
The lower center of gravity compared to inverted or top-core transformer make the IMB very
suitable for areas with high seismic activity.
IMB
Instrument transformers for the new

generation of substation solutions
Digital Optical Instrument Transducers,
type DOIT for current and voltage
measurement, 72 - 800 kV
The DOIT is a completely new generation of
instrument transformers, in which optronics replace conventional technology. Their lower installation and transport cost, reduced space and inspection
requirements offer substantial economic benefits.
The current transformer is designated Digital
Optical Current Transducer (DOCT). It is small,
weighs about 50 kg, and can be mounted directly
on the busbar. DOCT and DOVT can also be
supplied as a combined unit. The digital output
from the combined unit is applicable for measuring and relay protection.
The polymer insulator for DOVT, supporting
the DOCT, have optical fibres integrated. In the
DOCT the primary current is measured as the
voltage drop across a fixed burden resistor, connected into the secondary circuit of a current
transformer. The voltage transformer, Digital Optical Voltage Transducer (DOVT), measures the
secondary voltage of a capacitor voltage divider.
The measured value is digitised in the transducer,
and is transmitted by optical fibre to the metering
DOIT
and protection equipment.

The reliability of circuits and components, and
the installation technique are well documented,
and are equivalent to the standards set by the aerospace industry. Moreover, the built-in processor
offers self-monitoring functions.
The DOIT opens a new era in compact substation design, with untold opportunities for reducing the necessary space of outdoor switchgear by
way of combined-function equipment. In addition, it offers advantages in measuring efficiency,
elimination of signal interference etc..
MOCT
Sensors for metering
Type MOCT, EOVT and OMU, 72-550 kV

ABB is the world leader in providing standardized
optical current and voltage sensing devices for
metering applications. The Magneto Optic Current Transducer (MOCT) and Electro Optic Voltage Transducer (EOVT) systems use optical sensors and the properties of light to measure current
and voltage in substations from 72.5 kV to 550
kV. MOCT up to 800 kV. Also certain relaying
applications can be met.
The optical metering unit (OMU) combines
the MOCT and EOVT sensor technologies to
provide a single phase combination device for
metering applications. These optical sensing technologies provide many advantages including
higher accuracy, lighter weight and reduced size.
The output is analouge and suitable to connect to
standard energy meters, for revenue measuring.
The MOCT system uses a solid post-type insulator and can be mounted in upright and
underhung orientations and even
horizontally up to 170 kV. The
EOVT and OMU utilize a hollow
tube composite insulator and SF6 gas
insulation, resulting in lightweight and
the ability to be mounted upright or
underhung. These unique mounting
capabilities can allow current and voltage sensing to be added to existing
substations where there is limited space
and reduce the costs associated with
installation.
OMU
Current transformer type

TG with SF6 insulation
Type TG 72-550 kV
Operating principle
The current transformer type TG (SF6) derives
from CTs type T 145-420 (08P), being manufactured since long. The architecture, electromagnetic
design, devices for separating primary and secondary systems are basically the same. Core and secondary windings are located in the inside top of
the head. The high voltage insulation is fully obtained with (SF6) gas. Design has several advantages.
The absence of oil means that the transformer
is fire proof. Further it is an advantage that there is
no risk for oil leakages which is especiallly important in environmentally sensitive areas. In case of
internal overpressured the transformer is protected
by a bursting disk.
The internal insulation is continuously monitored by means of a pressure-gauge fitted with
alarm and trip contacts in case of gas pressure
decrease and trip contacts in case of pressure increase.
TG
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Instrument Transformers

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Inductive voltage transformers

Type EMFC, 24-170 kV

The worlds most widely

Instrument transformers for the new

and protection equipment.

Sensors for metering

Type MOCT, EOVT and OMU, 72-550 kV

Current transformer type

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