Republic of the Philippines

BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY

College of Engineering, Architecture and Fine Arts
Gov. Pablo Borbon Campus II, Alangilan, Batangas City

A PROPOSED LEED URBAN ENTERTAINMENT CENTER AND FIVE-STAR HOTEL

Taguig City, Metro Manila

A Thesis Proposal Presented to the

Faculty of College of Engineering,Architecture and Fine Arts
Department of Architecture and Fine Arts

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of

Bachelor of Science in Architecture

Submitted by:
Tomagan, JM Jemuel D.
ARC 5101

2015

DEDICATION

This thesis book is wholly dedicated

To his beloved parents, Marissa and Cipriano S. Tomagan Jr.;
To his brothers, Cipriano D. Tomagan III and Mc Bill D. Tomagan;
To his cherished grandparents;
To his classmates, ARC-5101;
To Team YBNG;
To all of his fellow students of Batangas State University;
especially the ARIDFA Department;
To his thesis adviser, Ar. Venecio P. Codia,
Most of all, to the Almighty God;
This wonderful venture is all for you.

-JM Jemuel D. Tomagan

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First and foremost, the researcher would like to express his sincere gratitude to the
Almighty God for giving him the strength to cope with daily activities and work on this
thesis proposal. For his loving kindness, guidance and supplication to the researchers
physical, and spiritual needs.
He wanted to thank the whole city of Taguig particularly the people from the CPDO
and the Assessor's Office of Taguig City Hall, and the project manager of Arca South, Ms.
Girlie Reyes.
The researcher would like to give his full gratitude to the faculty members of the
Architecture Department particularly to Ar. Myron Alvin A. Matanguihan and Ar. Bernadine
M. Ilagan for making themselves available when the researcher needs someone to
evaluate his concerns regarding his thesis proposal. Most especially the researcher would
also like to thank Ar. Venecio P. Codia, the researcher's thesis adviser on Architectural
Design 9 for sharing him his knowledge, for guiding, mentoring and being a professional
adviser in every step of the way since day one for the whole batch of aspiring architects in
doing their research work for them to become good, successful and professional
architects in the near future.
Thank you very much!
The Researcher

ABSTRACT

This study aims to plan and design a feasible LEED Urban Entertainment Center
and Five-Star Hotel in Arca South, Western Bicutan, Taguig City. It aims to design an
establishment that can be said as a sustainable and energy efficient project. The
schematic planning should emphasize more on the comfort and egress not only for the
visitors but also the staff to attain the adequate access to different areas of the structure;
considering energy efficient techniques such as maximizing the natural energy from the
sun, continuous flow of natural air, and the use of water while not relying too much on
inefficient energy consumption, will help contribute to the need for sustainability; providing
an environment that will assure relief, satisfaction, and relaxation to every user; and offer
a great deal of urban space that entails socialization, family bonding, and leisure all in
one. It also aims to address different concerns such as accessibility for the public, the
number of hotel rooms and beds, visitor arrival, security, facilities that will be offered and
the financial concerns for the projects.
This study covers one of the main go-to destinations in Arca South, Taguig City but
will be limited to only by the said proposal that will help shoulder the load for tourist arrival
in the area coming from foreign and local visitors.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE PAGE
ABSTRACT
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
DEDICATION
TABLE OF CONTENTS
LIST OF FIGURES
LIST OF TABLES
LIST OF APPENDICES

Chapter I The Problem and Its Background

1.1 Introduction
1.2 Background of the Study
1.3 Theoretical Framework
1.4 Conceptual Framework
1.5 Statement of the Problem
1.6 Significance of the Study
1.7 Objectives of the Study
1.7.1 Project Objectives
1.7.2 Design Objectives
1.8 Scope and Limitations of the Study
1.9 Definition of Terms
1.9.1 Contextual
1.9.2 Operational
1.9.3 Abbreviations

Chapter II Related Literature

2.1 Related Literature
2.1.1 Foreign Literature
2.1.2 Local Literature
2.2 Synthesis
Chapter III Research Methodology, Data Presentation, Interpretation and
Analysis
3.1 Research Design (Data Gathering and/or Procedure)
3.1.1 Research Paradigm
3.2 Data Analysis and Presentation
3.2.1 Site Selection
3.2.1.1 Site Criteria
3.2.1.2 System of Evaluation and Rating
3.2.1.3 Site Justification
3.2.2 Site Data
3.2.2.1 Macro Site
3.2.2.2 Micro Site
3.3 Site Analysis
3.3.1 Vicinity
3.3.2 Natural and Manmade Effects
3.3.3 S.W.O.T Analysis
3.4 Summary of Site Analysis

3.5 User's Analysis

3.5.1 User's Demography
3.5.2 Organizational Structure
3.5.3 Behavioral Pattern
Chapter IV Architectural Programming
4.1 Spatial Organization
4.1.1Spatial Identification
4.1.1.1 Staffing Requirements
4.1.1.2 Space Identification
4.1.2 Definition of Spatial Elements
4.1.2.1 Qualitative Elements
4.1.2.2 Quantitative Elements
4.2 Graphical and Spatial Programming
4.2.1 General Spatial Elements
4.2.1.1 General Matrix Diagram
4.2.1.2 General Bubble Diagram
4.2.2 Specific Spatial Elements
4.2.2.1Specific Matrix Diagram
4.2.2.2 Specific Bubble Diagram
Chapter V Building and Site Concept
5.1

Structural System

5.2

Electrical System

5.3

Plumbing System

5.4

Sanitary System

5.5

Mechanical System

5.6

Fire Protection System

5.7

Security System

5.8

Communication and Electronic System

5.9

Environmental System

5.10

Waste Management System

5.11

Landscaping System

Chapter VI Design Framework

6.1 Design Philosophy
6.2 Design Concept
6.2.1 Major Design Concept
6.2.2 Minor Design Concept
6.3 Architectural Style Guide
Chapter VII Funding and Manner of Financing
7.1

Source of Funding

7.2

Probable Construction Cost

7.3

Return of Investment

7.4

Maintenance and Sustainability

Chapter VIII Findings, Conclusions and Recommendations

Bibliography
Annexes
Curriculum Vitae

LIST OF FIGURES
No.

Title

1.0

Design Paradigm

2.0

Sony Center, Germany

3.0

Sihlcity, Switzerland

4.0

Skyline Plaza, Germany

5.0

Greenbelt (Ayala Center), Makati, Philippines

6.0

Solaire Resort and Casino, Paraaque, Philippines

7.0

Midas Hotel and Casino, Pasay City, Philippines

8.0

Research Paradigm

9.0

Site A - Arca South, Western Bicutan, Taguig City

10.0

Site B - Levi Mariano Avenue, Ususan, Taguig City

11.0

Site C - Consular Area, Lawton Ave.

Fort Bonifacio, Taguig City

12.0

Location Map of Taguig

13.0

Boundary Map of Taguig

14.0

Barangay Map of Taguig

15.0

Geologic Map of Metro Manila

16.0

Slope Map of Taguig

17.0

Wellfields Location Map

18.0

Climate Map of the Philippines

19.0

Climate Graph of Manila, Luzon

Page

20.0

Flood Hazard Map

21.0

Liquefaction Hazard Map

22.0

Earthquake Faultline Map

23.0

Population Growth Map

24.0

Bonifacio Global City Land Use Plan

25.0

Location Map of Arca South

26.0

Development Plan of Arca South

27.0

Vicinity of Site

27.1

Aerial View of Arca South Development

27.2

Actual View of Arca South Main Entrance

27.3

Actual View of Arca South Development

28.0

Site Analysis

29.0

Organizational Structure for Shopping Mall

30.0

HR Department Organizational Structure

31.0

Operations Department Organizational Structure

32.0

Leasing Department Organizational Structure

33.0

Marketing Department Organizational Structure

34.0

Accounting Department Organizational Structure

35.0

CRS Department Organizational Structure

36.0

Museum Organizational Structure

37.0

Hotel Organizational Structure

38.0

Casino Organizational Structure

39.0

Atmospheric Vacuum Breaker

40.0

Atmospheric Vacuum Breaker

(Normal Flow And Backflow Conditions)

41.0

Backsiphonage Illustration

42.0

Typical HVAC System Components

43.0

Tall Building Smoke Zone Arrangement

44.0

Floor-By-Floor Air-Conditioning Unit Layout

45.0

Stairwell pressurization system using proportional damper control.

46.0

Strategic elements in fire and smoke control.

47.0

Common engineered smoke control system components.

48.0

Risk Management Cycle

49.0

Key Challenges in Gaming and Casino Sector

50.0

Safety and Security Network

51.0

Sustainable Design - Materials

52.0

Sustainable Structures Design

53.0

SWM practices model for the hospitality sector

54.0

Food Service Process

55.0

The Waste Mapping Procedure

LIST OF TABLES
No.

Title

1.0

System of Evaluation and Rating of the Proposed Sites

2.0

Area Distribution of Taguig

3.0

Water Sampling Result of Analyses for Hagonoy River

4.0

Water Sampling Result of Analyses for Taguig River

5.0

Water Sampling Result of Analyses for Labasan River

6.0

Water Quality sampling Results April 2008

7.0

Water Quality Sampling December 2003

8.0

Water Sampling at Taguig River

9.0

Population Growth Rate National Capital Region and

Selected Municipalities Censal Years 1948-2007

10.0

Land Area, Barangays, Population, % Distribution and

Population Density,Taguig

11.0

Table Dependency Ratio, 2010 & 2011

12.0

Dependency Ratio 2011

13.0

Projection of Population 2010 - 2020

14.0

Volumes of Garbage Collected/Year

15.0

Land Use Plan - Area Allocation

Page

16.0

Land Management Matrix - Land Use Intensity Control

17.0

Lot Bearings

18.0

Users for Spaces

19.0

Recommended Design Illuminance Levels

20.0

Recommended Room Surface Reflectances

21.0

Maximum Lighting Power Density For Building Interiors

22.0

Maximum Values For Lighting Power For Building Exteriors

23.0

Recommended Lighting Levels for Hotel

24.0

Lights Average Life Hours

25.0

LED Light Comparison vs Incndescent Bulbs

26.0

Typical Demands for Various Uses

27.0

Minimum Internal Diameter Of Water Pipes To Plumbing Fixtures

28.0

Fixture Unit Values For Some Common Plumbing Fixtures

29.0

Peak Water Demand Of Plumbing Fixtures

30.0

Maximum Loads For Horizontal Fixture Branches And

Building Drains Or Sewers

31.0

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Vacuum

Systems (Versus Gravity Systems)

32.0

Comparison Of Installation And Operation Requirements

Of Drainage Systems

33.0

Gradients To Produce Minimum And Maximum Velocities

In Drains

34.0

Gutter Slopes And Roof Drainage: Rainfall Intensity

100 Mm Per Hour

35.0

Roof Areas Drained By Vertical Downspouts: Rainfall

Intensity 100 Mm Per Hour

36.0

Capacities Of Horizontal Storm Drains: Rainfall Intensity

100 Mm Per Hour

37.0

Suitability For Use Of Different Grades Of Water

38.0

Ventilation Recommendations

39.0

Elements of Mall Security

40.0

New Trends for Hotel Security

41.0

Types of non-hazardous waste in the hotel industry

42.0

Types of hazardous waste in the hotel industry

LIST OF APPENDICES

CHAPTER 1
The Problem and Its Setting

1.1

Introduction
Our country is subjected to different changes throughout the course of time,

developments for different building structures, business districts and other significant
aspects that deals with the progress and development of the competitive nature of the
business industry of the country as an investment destination for adjoining countries most
especially to the countries that will be involved in the ASEAN Summit. One of the ASEANs
main purpose is to accelerate economic growth, social progress, and cultural development
in the region this means that many investors from other countries will have a huge interest
in settling on our country for different investments to attain one of the said purpose of the
international movement.
Aside from tourism industries in the Philippines for its natural gifts and beauties,
another thing that is noticeable for the country is the progress that business districts are
contributing to the industry making the Philippines an apple to the eye to other nations for
potential investments inside the country. A very good sign for the Philippines when it
comes not only to the tourism but also to the rapid increase of potential business and job
opportunities for Filipinos encouraging them to rely and stay in the Philippines rather than
go abroad and work for other countries.
Two of the most recognized business districts in the Philippines is the Makati
Business District and the Bonifacio Global City in Taguig. Different infrastructures were
built inside the premises of those business districts like commercial, mixed-use,
residential, corporate, and other developments to boost the business industry of the area.

Effective planning and allocation of spaces for zoning and land use are some of the
essential ingredients for the said business districts to become progressive. If you situate
yourself inside those business districts, life would be boring if you work all day and not
reward yourself to unwind and relax after a busy day. Like the Bonifacio Global City and
the Makati Business District, they are equipped with entertainment infrastructures like the
SM Aura Premier, Market Market, Glorietta and other mall structures that can be a source
of entertainment after a busy day of work.
Arca South in Western Bicutan is set to make a ground breaking display as the
next business district in the city of Taguig next to the fast progressing Bonifacio Global
City. By this development project of the Ayala Land Inc., Arca South can cater the
demands for business and investments inside the country. A gateway to lifes abundance,
ARCA South will achieve a highly networked central business and lifestyle district
integrating best practices in a large-scale development with organic systems for everyday
life.
The proponents proposal "SilverSkys Entertainment Center and Five-Star Hotel
can play a significant role and contribute to the progress of the said development. It can
satisfy the demand of having an entertainment infrastructure in an area where a lot of
people are searching for egress and stress relieving incentives of such project. It promises
to be one of the main attractions in the said business district combining it with the
development of a hotel in the proposed project makes it more of a priority for local and
foreign visitors in Arca South so they will be accommodated for the rest of the night after
having a wonderful time.

1.2

Background of the Study

The improvement for the urban lands in the Philippines is one of the vital aspects

for the development of the society, wherein the Presidential Decree No. 1517 (Urban Land
Reform Act) states that the government prioritizes the improvement of Urban Zones in the
Philippines, making more opportunities for profit and development for the society. It also
states that "a social reform objective of the New Society is to renew blighted areas,
improve the conditions of the urban poor and resolve and redress legitimate grievances
arising there from, while at the same providing incentives to progressive landowners and
developers who wish to develop their lands in accordance with government plans and
programs responsive to community welfare."
According to the Philippine Daily Inquirer last 06:26 AM of May 1st, 2015 an article
by Ms. Amy R. Remo, the Association of Southeast Asian Nations is seen to grow by 4.9
percent this year, surpassing the global growth projection of 3.5 percent, as the region
remains an attractive investment destination.
Last year, the ASEAN economy grew by 4.4 percent despite challenges in the
global economy, the heads of the 10 ASEAN member states said in a joint statement
issued following the 26th ASEAN Summit held in Malaysia earlier this week.
Domestic demand in our economies has remained resilient, supported
by private consumption. There were robust inflows of investments to
which in 2014 stood at $136.2 billion, reflecting a 15.7-percent
ASEANs total trade was stable in 2014, amounting to
increase of 0.8 per cent from the previous year,

$2.53

the

region,

year-on-year
trillion,

mainly

growth.
marginal

according to the statement."

According to the ASEAN, the region remained on track with the planned
establishment of the ASEAN Economic Community by Jan. 1, 2016, wherein the region

will be transformed into a single market and production base, that would allow the free
flow of goods, services, skilled labor, investments and capital.
In the context of the fully implemented measures to date and the high-priority
measures

identified by the ASEAN Economic Ministers (AEM) for

implementation in 2015, we noted that the current rate of implementation of

the AEC Scorecard stands at 90.5 percent out

of 506 measures, according

to the statement.
We are generally satisfied with the progress in the implementation of the AEC
measures, which through the adoption of the frameworks of rules and
liberalization and facilitation measures, is sending a strong signal that
moving forward as an economic community by Jan. 1,

the

various
region

is

2016, he added.

Since the adoption of the AEC Blueprint in 2007, the implementation of AEC
measures has delivered many benefits to ASEAN businesses and consumers, according
to the ASEAN.
Meaning to say that the projected global growth for ASEAN Nations has rapidly
achieved the 3.5 percent global growth prediction and exceeded almost 1 percent. It also
stated that the Philippines remains an attractive investment destination for other countries.
But that doesn't mean that complacency still has room for the improvement of the country
when ASEAN Countries and investors comes knocking at the door. The Philippines is
currently on track on improving its features to compete with other ASEAN countries, one
thing that can contribute to the demand for the country's business industry is by improving
its business hubs and districts for the potential foreign investors of our country.

1.3

Theoretical Framework
"A room is not a room without natural light." Louis Kahn
Less is more. Ludwig Mies van der Rohe
The study is committed to design a sustainable infrastructure that will be able

to display energy efficiency throughout the building considering that the first quote
states that we are held accountable for our actions on how we can protect the earth,
by maximizing, converting and using natural energy coming from nature with great
efficiency to our own advantage.

Input
Problems Encountered
1. Major Problems
Design Innovation
Equal Benefit
Competetiveness
2. Minor Problems
Finished road networks
Job Opportunities
Inject knowledge
Access to the structure

Process
Output
Design Concept:
Neo-Modern
Architecture
Balanghai Landmark in
Taguig

Proposed LEED Urban

Entertainment Center
and Hotel in Taguig
City

1.4

Conceptual Framework

Figure 1.0 Design Paradigm

The main idea of the project proposal is to provide a place where the presence of
entertainment and comfort is present, at the same time the appreciation of the design
while roaming inside the building can be achieved. The planned Urban Entertainment
Center and Five-Star Hotel will display a whole lot of innovative and sustainable designs
that will give delight to every visitor.
The Balanghai landmark by Gerry Leonardo in Bonifacio Global City is the
proponents main design concept. The Taguig City website stated that "This boat is our
story. Its transparent, colored sails are symbolic of our dynamism and animated character.
They move independently yet at certain times in unison. The paddles serve as
counterweights to create tension yet help ease the swaying of the sails.

This

kinetic

sculpture celebrates our unity in diversity", www.ilovetaguig.wordpress.com also stated

that "It is kinetic sculpture. It has three sails with paddles representing Luzon, Visayas and
Mindanao all moving in the direction of the wind. Balanghai was inspired by the
balanghay, the boat that carried the first wave of Malay migrants to these islands."

1.5

Statement of the Problem

Arca South envisions to be the next business district in Taguig City in the near

future, wherein mixed-use developments, institutional and commercial establishments are

needed for the purpose of global competitiveness to cater investors and stakeholders from
different areas, local and foreign. The study aims to plan and design a feasible and
sustainable LEED Urban Entertainment Center and Five-Star Hotel that would be able to
cater different users and visitors.
However, at this present time the need for sustainability when it comes to building
such infrastructures requires efficiency, and a matter of maximizing the best things in life
particularly the natural energy that can be used to our advantage. This problem is
associated with the need for an egress and comfort for every individual who experiences
the urban atmosphere particularly the people who work there, including a place for
socialization and family bonding. The proposed project will most likely focus about that
rapid increase of the projected global growth of the ASEAN Economy, and the need for
Urban Land Development in Presidential Decree No. 1517, maximizing blighted areas of
the City of Taguig to help urban poor and resolve and redress legitimate grievances
arising there from, while at the same providing incentives to progressive landowners and
developers who wish to develop their lands in accordance with government plans and
programs responsive to community welfare.
In response to this problem, the proposed project will be able to sustain the need
for the development of Arca South for it to become one of the most competitive and
successful business districts in the country. By proposing an LEED Urban Entertainment
Center and Five-Star Hotel, that entails the movement for sustainability so the proposed

project also aims to construct an infrastructure that is energy efficient. This study sought
answers to the following questions.
1. Major Problems
Design innovations and other sustainable energy efficient features may be

applied to the said project to assure a very eye catching building design.
Things that should be considered in this project proposal to have a "win-

win" situation between the environment and the development.

The projects ability to compete with other future entertainment and hotel

establishments around Arca South.

Finance and budget for the said project.
2. Minor Problems
Fully developed road networks timetable to finish the construction.
Assured job opportunities for locals.
Projects' ability to inject knowledge to every visitor.
Access to the structure.

1.6

Significance of the Study

With the ascent of the tourism and business industry in the Philippines, conducting

a research study on how to upgrade and accelerate the tourist arrival in the country is very
essential to contribute to the progress of the industry. By applying different strategies and
approaches that may help the country be as competitive as other countries in the tourism
industry will be a very huge boost in popularizing our country in the said industry and also
helping the country as a whole to be progressive and allow plenty of job opportunities.
Through this urban entertainment and hotel project, Arca South can contribute to
the demands of the Philippines to make a good impression for Asean countries eyeing for
an entry in the business industry in the Philippines, for them to be also aware of the
potentials that the Philippines totally have with this kinds of developments.

Conducting research studies such as this can also serve as a guiding principle to
the readers most especially for the future architecture students who will be searching for
studies that may help them design such LEED Urban Entertainment Center and Five-Star
Hotel. This study will serve as a gateway of fresh ideas in designing such project that will
surely benefit others.

1.7

Objectives of the Study

1.7.1

Project Objectives

The project's main objective is to provide an Urban Entertainment Center and FiveStar Hotel is to help our country prepare on what is coming, that is the ASEAN Summit
that offers a wide range of opportunities but also competitions, it is a matter of how can
you compete against other countries who will give the best of what they have and how can
you make your project be at a reasonable status to go head to head with their proposed
developments in the country.
Specific Objectives include:

To emphasize the growth and development of Taguig City and Arca South
To create a new landmark that will not only benefit Ayala Land Inc., and Taguig City

but also the Philippines as a whole.

To provide a place where people could socialize and spend time enjoying
themselves.
1.7.2

Design Objectives

To design a balanced, sustainable, energy conserving and innovative design

together with effective planning to sustain the undying needs of the human eye to have

satisfaction of what they really want to see at the same time to design a very competitive
building that will serve as a trademark for Arca South as a development to support the
growth of the tourism industry in the area.
Specific Objectives include:

To provide applicable design concepts for the people to use as a place to learn,

relax and enjoy.

To provide a plan with complete and efficient facilities that will aid in promoting the

tourism value of the province.

To create designs for the exterior and interior in which the project can relate and
adapt to the site.

1.8

Scope and Limitations of the Study

The research study of "Silver Skys" will comprise the following:

Architectural planning and design

Site planning
Economic feasibility study of development
Conceptual adaptation Sustainable architecture and Ecological design
Project Cost and Return of Investment

The scopes of the development of the project are the following:

Urban Entertainment Center and Five-Star Hotel Building

Other minor facilities
- Technology and Toy Museum
- Casino
- Vehicle parking area
- Waiting areas

The study is limited only to the aforementioned topics. It does not cover an
extensive detailing and the stages of construction of the proposed project and other allied

services like electrical, mechanical, sanitary, plumbing and other related equipments
except for some vital facts that will support the said scope.
1.9

Definition of Terms
1.9.1

Contextual

1.9.2

Operational

1.9.3

Abbreviations