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    This document contains 8 math problems: 1) Finding integer solutions to an equation involving prime numbers and exponents. 2) Finding polynomials that satisfy a given identity. 3) Proving a condition for when lines intersect in a triangle. 4) Proving guests can be assigned to rooms given dislike relationships.

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    Typeset by AMS-TEX

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    kprepaa
    27 views2 pages
    This document contains 8 math problems: 1) Finding integer solutions to an equation involving prime numbers and exponents. 2) Finding polynomials that satisfy a given identity. 3) Proving a condition for when lines intersect in a triangle. 4) Proving guests can be assigned to rooms given dislike relationships.

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    gil 1996

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    gil-96

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    This document contains 8 math problems: 1) Finding integer solutions to an equation involving prime numbers and exponents. 2) Finding polynomials that satisfy a given identity. 3) Proving a condition for when lines intersect in a triangle. 4) Proving guests can be assigned to rooms given dislike relationships.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    27 views2 pages

    Typeset by AMS-TEX

    Uploaded by

    kprepaa
    This document contains 8 math problems: 1) Finding integer solutions to an equation involving prime numbers and exponents. 2) Finding polynomials that satisfy a given identity. 3) Proving a condition for when lines intersect in a triangle. 4) Proving guests can be assigned to rooms given dislike relationships.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 2

    GILLIS OLYMPIADE (1996)

    1. Let a be a prime number and n > 2 an integer. Find all integer solutions of
    the equation xn + ay n = a2 z n .
    2. Find all polynomials P (x) satisfying the identity P (x+1)2P (x)P (x1) =
    x.
    3. The triangle ABC is with acute angles , , respectively. Denote by AD
    the height from A, CF the mediane from C and BE the bissectrix of the angle B.
    Prove that the necessary and sufficient condition of AD, CF and BE to intersect
    at a single point is the identity cos tan = sin .
    4. Eight guests arrive to a hotel having four rooms. Each guest dislikes at most
    3 other guests (and doesnt like to share a room with any of them), and this feeling
    is mutual (A dislikes B if and only if B dislikes A). Prove that all 8 guests can be
    settled in the 4 rooms, 2 persons in each room.
    5. Let ABC be a triangle with R = 2r, where R is the radius of the circumscribed
    circle and r the radius of the inscribed circle. Prove that the triangle is equilateral.
    6. Let |x|, |y|, |z| > 2. What is the smallest value of |xyz + 2(x + y + z)|?
    7. Let a, b, c be natural numbers. Find all solutions to the system
    a2 = 4(b + c),

    a3 2b3 4c3 = 21 abc.

    8. Let f : N N be a map satisfying the properties


    (1) f (1) = 1,
    (2) f (2n) = f (n) for any n N,
    (3) f (2n + 1) = f (2n) + 1 for any n N.
    (a) Find the maximal value of f (n) over 1 n 1995. (b) Find all values of f on
    this interval.
    Preparatory problems
    1. Solve the system
    p

    x2 + 1) = y,
    p
    y + log(y + y 2 + 1) = z,
    p
    z + log(z + z 2 + 1) = x.

    x + log(x +

    2. The segment P Q is the diameter of a semi-circle. The circle O touches from


    inside the semi-circle and the diameter. Denote by C the tangency point on P Q
    and A a point on the perimeter of the semi-circle. Let B be the point on P Q such
    that AB is tangent to O and perpendicular to P Q. The point C is between B and
    P . Prove that AC is a bissectrix of the angle QAB.
    3. Prove for all natural k, n:
    !
    r
    1
    1
    1
    1
    n k + 1
    +
    +
    + +
    n
    1 .
    kn kn + 1 kn + 2
    (k + 1)n 1
    k
    Typeset by AMS-TEX

    GILLIS OLYMPIADE (1996)

    4. Find all integer n, m such that m3 n3 9mn = 27.


    5. Let n > 1 be an odd number. Given n real variables x1 , . . . , xn pairwise
    different and such that |xi xj | 1 for all i 6= j, prove that
    X
    i<j

    |xi xj | <

    
    h n i h n i

    +1 .
    2
    2

    Here [x] is the integer part of a real number x.


    6. Given a square table 1995 1995 tiled by 19952 squares 1 1. A k-coloring is
    said nice, if the squares can be rearranged to make a pattern symmetric w.r.t. the
    principal diagonal. Find all k such that any k-coloring is nice.
    7. Between any two cities out of n (n 3) there is an aerial connection, but
    some lines are not operational for technical reasons. Prove that if the number of
    non-operational lines is not greater than n 3, then one can trace a closed trip
    visiting exactly once every city (except for the initial one that is visited twice),
    using only the operational lines.
    8. Let be a real number. Find all functions from (0, ) to (0, ) satisfying
    the identity
     
    1
    x
    x2 f
    + f (x) =
    .
    x
    x+1

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