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    Water Level Indicator

    Uploaded by

    Sahil Sethi
    This document is a project report submitted by Vandana of class 12 on a "Water Level Indicator Cum Controller". The project uses a circuit with four transistors and three probes at different water levels to indicate the water level with green, yellow and red LEDs and control a motor. When the water reaches the highest level, the fourth transistor activates a relay to stop the motor. The report includes the circuit diagram, PCB layout, component list and descriptions of how the circuit works to indicate water level and automatically control the motor.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Water Level Indicator

    Uploaded by

    Sahil Sethi
    491 views12 pages
    This document is a project report submitted by Vandana of class 12 on a "Water Level Indicator Cum Controller". The project uses a circuit with four transistors and three probes at different water levels to indicate the water level with green, yellow and red LEDs and control a motor. When the water reaches the highest level, the fourth transistor activates a relay to stop the motor. The report includes the circuit diagram, PCB layout, component list and descriptions of how the circuit works to indicate water level and automatically control the motor.

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    This document is a project report submitted by Vandana of class 12 on a "Water Level Indicator Cum Controller". The project uses a circuit with four transistors and three probes at different water levels to indicate the water level with green, yellow and red LEDs and control a motor. When the water reaches the highest level, the fourth transistor activates a relay to stop the motor. The report includes the circuit diagram, PCB layout, component list and descriptions of how the circuit works to indicate water level and automatically control the motor.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    491 views12 pages

    Water Level Indicator

    Uploaded by

    Sahil Sethi
    This document is a project report submitted by Vandana of class 12 on a "Water Level Indicator Cum Controller". The project uses a circuit with four transistors and three probes at different water levels to indicate the water level with green, yellow and red LEDs and control a motor. When the water reaches the highest level, the fourth transistor activates a relay to stop the motor. The report includes the circuit diagram, PCB layout, component list and descriptions of how the circuit works to indicate water level and automatically control the motor.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    A

    PROJECT REPORT
    On

    Water Level
    Indicator
    Cum Controller
    SESSION 2005-2006

    Submitted To:Shri A.K. Choudhary


    Lecturer Physics
    Dept.

    Submitted By:Vandana
    Class: XII (Medical)

    M.L.N. Sen. Sec.


    School
    Yamuna Nagar
    CONTENTS

    ACOKNOWLEGEMENT

    INTRODUCTION
    CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
    PCB BASED DIAGRAM
    CIRCUIT ANALYSIS

    CIRCUIT DISCRPTION

    WORKING

    ACHKNOWLEDGEMENT

    We feel our project will not be completed


    untill we offers our thanks for the help from various
    quarters.
    First we thanks to God for the external infinite
    and in comprehensible being. The creature of all
    things who has chalked the way of our life.
    Next of God Specially we are thankful to our
    Project Guide Shri A.K. Chaudhary & Shri Vishal
    Aggarwal who encouraged us to take pain for us and
    complete the project with least less of time. We are

    also thankful to our friends who help directly or


    indirectly.
    We are graceful to our worthy Principal for
    kindly providing us the facilities during this project.
    We thankful everyone sincerely from our
    hearts.
    Vandana XII-(Medical)

    INTRODUCTION
    As we know that water is very precious for us that
    is why Indian Govt. and private social services starts
    their planning and for saving of water. The Govt. and
    the Newspapers gives regularly advertisements for
    people to sugges how they can save the water in their
    daily routine.
    If any other person impress from this project and
    take a step for saving of water, then I will satisfy
    myself of making this project.
    I make this project with the help of circuit and
    electronics. There are many kinds of circuit available
    in the market for water level indicator or controller,
    which

    works

    indivisually,

    but

    my

    circuit

    automatically works as water level indicator and


    controller also. This project is very simple and cheep
    than any other project. This project is also useful for
    home use and industries.

    CIRCUIT DIAGRAM OF
    WATER LEVEL
    INDICATOR

    PCB BASED CIRCUIT


    DIAGRAM

    CIRCUIT ANALYSIS

    RESISTANCE

    VALUES

    1. R1,R2,R3,R4-

    1k

    2. R5,R6,R7

    680

    TRANSISTER:
    1. Q1, Q2, Q3

    2. Q4

    BC547
    BD115

    SEMICONDUCTOR
    1. CAPACITOR

    470f 25V

    2. LED1

    GREEN

    3. LED2

    YELLOW

    4. LED3

    RED

    5. DIODES {P-N JUNCTION}


    6. TRANSFORMOR (STEP-DOWN) 9V-0-9V 230V,
    50 Hz

    CIRCUIT
    DISDRIPTION
    There are mainly four transistor used in this
    circuit. In these transistor first three transistor Q1, Q2
    and Q3 woks for the indication of the level of the
    water. They connected with three resistors R1, R2
    and R3(1k) through probes of different water
    positioning level for low, medium and high. The
    collector terminals are connected with positive
    supply of 9volt and the emitter of the transistor is
    connected with green, yellow and red LEDs through
    the resistor of 680 as R5, R6 and R7.

    The last transistor R4 is connected with the


    relay which derive the motor. The collector is biased
    from positive supply of 9volt through the coil of the
    relay and emitter is ground. The base terminal is
    connected with the probe of high level when tank will
    full of water.

    WORKING
    There are basically three steps of the
    working in this circuit.
    STEP 1:
    When the water level is low the transistor
    Q1 will switch on as the base sense positive drive
    when water reach the probe P1 and Q1 transistor will
    switch on. Thus, collector positive biasing supply

    come out through the green LED becomes glow in


    forward bias condition.
    STEP 2:
    In this step when water reaches medium
    level the second probe P2 gives a positive drive to
    the base of transistor Q2 and the transistor switch on.
    As above the collector bias come through emitter and
    yellow LED get forward bias and glow.
    STEP 3:
    In this condition, the transistor Q3 and
    Q4 works simultaneously. When the water level
    come to maximum level the transistor Q3 is switch
    on through probe P3 that gives a indication with Red
    LED get forward bias the emitter supply.
    After some time when water tank
    become full the transistor Q4 is switch on by
    providing positive drive through base with the help of
    probe P4. Which result, the relay activate the pole

    from NC to NO for break the supply of motor for the


    purpose of stop the motor.

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