JavaScript
Regular Expressions
B.Bhuvaneswaran
Assistant Professor (SS)
Department of Computer Science & Engineering
Rajalakshmi Engineering College
Thandalam
Chennai 602 105
[email protected]
Regular Expressions
A regular expression is a sequence of
characters that forms a search pattern.
The search pattern can be used for text
search and text replace operations.
B.Bhuvaneswaran / AP (SS) / CSE / REC
What Is a Regular Expression?
A regular expression is a sequence of
characters that forms a search pattern.
When you search for data in a text, you
can use this search pattern to describe
what you are searching for.
A regular expression can be a single
character, or a more complicated pattern.
Regular expressions can be used to
perform all types of text search and text
replace operations.
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Syntax
/pattern/modifiers;
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Example:
var patt = /w3schools/i;
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Example explained:
/w3schools/i is a regular expression.
w3schools is a pattern (to be used in a
search).
i is a modifier (modifies the search to be
case-insensitive).
B.Bhuvaneswaran / AP (SS) / CSE / REC
Using String Methods
In JavaScript, regular expressions are
often used with the two string methods:
search() and replace().
The search() method uses an
expression to search for a match, and
returns the position of the match.
The replace() method returns a
modified string where the pattern is
replaced.
B.Bhuvaneswaran / AP (SS) / CSE / REC
Using String search() With a Regular
Expression
Example
Use a regular expression to do a caseinsensitive search for "w3schools" in a
string:
var str = "Visit W3Schools";
var n = str.search(/w3schools/i);
The result in n will be:
6
B.Bhuvaneswaran / AP (SS) / CSE / REC
Using String search() With String
The search method will also accept a
string as search argument.
The string argument will be converted to a
regular expression:
Example
Use a string to do a search for
"W3schools" in a string:
var str = "Visit W3Schools!";
var n = str.search("W3Schools");
B.Bhuvaneswaran / AP (SS) / CSE / REC
Use String replace() With a Regular
Expression
Example
Use a case insensitive regular expression
to replace Microsoft with W3Schools in a
string:
var str = "Visit Microsoft!";
var res =
str.replace(/microsoft/i, "W3Schools");
The result in res will be:
Visit W3Schools!
B.Bhuvaneswaran / AP (SS) / CSE / REC
Using String replace() With a String
The replace() method will also accept a
string as search argument:
var str = "Visit Microsoft!";
var res =
str.replace("Microsoft", "W3Schools");
B.Bhuvaneswaran / AP (SS) / CSE / REC
Did You Notice?
Regular expression arguments (instead of
string arguments) can be used in the
methods above.
Regular expressions can make your search
much more powerful (case insensitive for
example).
B.Bhuvaneswaran / AP (SS) / CSE / REC
Regular Expression Modifiers
Modifiers can be used to perform caseinsensitive more global searches:
Modifier
Description
i
Perform case-insensitive matching
g
Perform a global match (find all
matches rather than stopping after the
first match)
m
Perform multiline matching
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Regular Expression Patterns
Brackets are used to find a range of
characters:
Expression
Description
[abc]
Find any of the characters
between the brackets
[0-9]
Find any of the digits
between the brackets
(x|y)
Find any of the alternatives
separated with |
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Metacharacters are characters with a
special meaning:
Metacharacter
Description
\d
Find a digit
\s
Find a whitespace character
\b
Find a match at the beginning or
at the end of a word
\uxxxx Find the Unicode character
specified by the hexadecimal
number xxxx
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Quantifiers define quantities:
Quantifier
Description
n+
Matches any string that contains
at least one n
n*
Matches any string that contains
zero or more occurrences of n
n?
Matches any string that contains
zero or one occurrences of n
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Using the RegExp Object
In JavaScript, the RegExp object is a
regular expression object with predefined
properties and methods.
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Using test()
The test() method is a RegExp expression
method.
It searches a string for a pattern, and
returns true or false, depending on the
result.
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Example
The following example searches a string
for the character "e":
var patt = /e/;
patt.test("The best things in life are
free!");
Since there is an "e" in the string, the
output of the code above will be:
true
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You don't have to put the regular
expression in a variable first. The two lines
above can be shortened to one:
/e/.test("The best things in life are free!");
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Using exec()
The exec() method is a RegExp expression
method.
It searches a string for a specified pattern,
and returns the found text.
If no match is found, it returns null.
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Example
The following example searches a string
for the character "e":
/e/.exec("The best things in life are
free!");
Since there is an "e" in the string, the
output of the code above will be:
e
B.Bhuvaneswaran / AP (SS) / CSE / REC
B.Bhuvaneswaran / AP (SS) / CSE / REC
References
http://www.w3schools.com/
B.Bhuvaneswaran / AP (SS) / CSE / REC
B.Bhuvaneswaran / AP (SS) / CSE / REC
