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    Homework 16: 139mev 0.149U. 931.5mev U

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    Ruth Jones
    1) A sample of 40Ca has a total binding energy of 340 MeV, estimated from Figure 30-1. 2) Electron capture by 7Be releases 0.861 MeV of energy. 3) After 3.0 years, 39% of a sample of 68Ge will remain, given its half-life of 9 months.

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    Homework 16: 139mev 0.149U. 931.5mev U

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    Ruth Jones
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    1) A sample of 40Ca has a total binding energy of 340 MeV, estimated from Figure 30-1. 2) Electron capture by 7Be releases 0.861 MeV of energy. 3) After 3.0 years, 39% of a sample of 68Ge will remain, given its half-life of 9 months.

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    1) A sample of 40Ca has a total binding energy of 340 MeV, estimated from Figure 30-1. 2) Electron capture by 7Be releases 0.861 MeV of energy. 3) After 3.0 years, 39% of a sample of 68Ge will remain, given its half-life of 9 months.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    195 views3 pages

    Homework 16: 139mev 0.149U. 931.5mev U

    Uploaded by

    Ruth Jones
    1) A sample of 40Ca has a total binding energy of 340 MeV, estimated from Figure 30-1. 2) Electron capture by 7Be releases 0.861 MeV of energy. 3) After 3.0 years, 39% of a sample of 68Ge will remain, given its half-life of 9 months.

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    of 3

    Homework 16

    Ch30: P 1, 9, 29, 39, 45; Ch31: P 21, 31; Ch32: P 1, 9, 11


    Problems (Ch30):
    1. (I) A pi meson has a mass of

    139 Me V c 2 .

    Solution

    What is this in atomic mass units?

    139 MeV c
    2

    We convert the units:

    9. (I) Estimate the total binding energy for

    931.5MeV uc

    40
    20 Ca,

    0.149 u.

    using Fig. 301.

    Solution
    From Figure 301, we see that the average binding energy per nucleon at
    A 40 is 8.6 MeV.

    Thus the total binding energy for

    40

    40 8.6 MeV

    Ca is

    340 MeV.

    29. (II) How much energy is released in electron capture by beryllium:


    7
    4 Be

    0
    1 e

    37 Li v ?

    Solution
    For the electron capture 74 Be 01 e 73 Li v, we see that if we add three electron masses
    to both sides to use the atomic mass for Li, we use the captured electron for the atomic
    mass of Be. We find the Q value from
    Q m 7 Be m 7 Li c 2
    7.016928u

    7.016003u

    39. (I) What fraction of a sample of


    remain after 3.0 yr?

    c 2 931.5MeV uc 2

    68
    32 Ge,

    Solution
    We find the fraction remaining from
    N N 0e t ;
    0.693 3.0 yr 12mo yr

    9 mo

    N
    e t e
    N0

    0.0625.

    0.861MeV.

    whose half-life is about 9 months, will

    40
    K with an initial decay rate of
    45. (II) Calculate the mass of a sample of pure 19
    40
    5
    1
    9
    2.0 10 s . The half-life of 19 K is 1.28 10 yr.

    Solution

    N
    2.0 10 5 s 1
    t
    T 1 1.28 10 9 yr

    N
    N
    t
    ln 2

    T1

    40 g / mol
    m?

    N T 12
    N

    t ln 2

    We find the number of nuclei


    1.28 10 9 yr 3.16 10 7 s / yr 1.7 10 22 nuclei
    N 2.0 10 5 s 1
    ln 2
    The mass is

    1.17 10

    22

    nuclei 40.0g / mol

    6.02 1023 nuclei / mol

    0.77 g.

    Problems (Ch31):
    21. (II) How much mass of 238
    92 U is required to produce the same amount of energy as
    burning 1.0 kg of coal (about 3 10 7 J )?
    Solution
    We assume that an average of 200 MeV is released per fission of a uranium nucleus (see
    Eq31-5).
    1nucleus
    1MeV
    0.238 kg


    7
    238
    3 107 J 1.601eV

    3.7 10 kg 92 U
    19
    6
    23
    10 J 1 10 eV

    6.02 10 nuclei

    200 MeV
    31. (II) If a typical house requires 950 W of electric power on average, what minimum
    amount of deuterium fuel would have to be used in a year to supply these electrical
    needs? Assume the reaction of Eq. 318b.
    Solution
    The reaction of Eq. 31-8b consumes 2 deuterons and releases 3.27 MeV of energy. The
    atomic
    mass of Deuterium is 2.01g. The amount of energy needed is the power times the elapsed
    time, and the energy can be related to the mass of deuterium by the reaction.
    J
    1eV
    1MeV

    2 d 2.01 10 3 kg

    7 s
    950
    1
    yr
    3.156

    10

    s
    yr 1.60 1019 J 10 6 eV 3.27 MeV 6.02 10 23 d

    3.8 10 4 kg 0.38 g

    Problems (Ch32):

    1. (I) What is the total energy of a proton whose kinetic energy is 6.35 GeV?
    Solution
    The total energy is given by Eq. 26-7a.
    E m0 c KE 0.94 GeV 6.35GeV 7.29 GeV
    2

    9. (II) What is the wavelength ( maximum resolvable distance) of 7.0-TeV protons?


    Solution
    Because the energy of the protons is much greater than their rest mass, we have
    KE E pc .
    Combine that with Eq. 27-8 for the de Broglie wavelength.
    E pc ; p

    hc

    hc
    E

    6.63 10

    7.0 10

    12

    34

    J gs 3.0 108 m s

    eV 1.60 10

    19

    J eV

    1.8 10 19 m

    11. (II) The 4.25-km-radius tunnel that will be used to house the magnets for the Large
    Hadron Collider (LHC) calls for proton beams of energy 7.0 TeV. What magnetic
    field will be required?
    Solution

    Because the energy of the protons is much greater than their rest mass, we have KE E pc .
    A relationship for the magnetic field is given in section 32-1.
    qBr
    E
    v
    mv qBr p qBr
    qBr
    m
    c

    7.0 10 eV 1.60 10 J eV
    B

    qrc 1.60 10 C 4.25 10 m 3.00 10


    19

    15

    19

    ms

    5.5T

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