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Entra

The document describes the process of a frame or packet traversing through different layers - layer 1, layer 2 and layer 3. At layer 1, the frame is received by a port and sent out by another port. At layer 2, the frame destination address is looked up and the frame is encapsulated. At layer 3, the packet destination is looked up, TTL is set and it is forwarded to the next hop.

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122 views4 pages

Entra

The document describes the process of a frame or packet traversing through different layers - layer 1, layer 2 and layer 3. At layer 1, the frame is received by a port and sent out by another port. At layer 2, the frame destination address is looked up and the frame is encapsulated. At layer 3, the packet destination is looked up, TTL is set and it is forwarded to the next hop.

Uploaded by

edwinyam
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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ENTRADA

CAPA 1
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.

FastEthernet0/2 receives the frame.


1. FastEthernet0 receives the frame.
1. FastEthernet0/0 receives the frame.
1. Serial0/0/0 receives the frame.
1. FastEthernet0 receives the frame.
1. FastEthernet0/0 receives the frame.
. Serial0/0/0 receives the frame.
1. FastEthernet0/24 receives the frame.
1. FastEthernet0 receives the frame.

CAPA 2
1. Sending a valid LACP/PAgP frame to the higher process.
2. The frame source MAC address does not exist in the MAC table of Switch.
Switch adds a new MAC entry to its table.
3. This is a unicast frame. Switch looks in its MAC table for the destination
MAC address.
1. The frame's destination MAC address does not match the receiving port's
MAC address, the broadcast address, or any multicast address. The device
drops the frame.
1. The frame's destination MAC address matches the receiving port's MAC
address, the broadcast address, or a multicast address.
2. The device decapsulates the PDU from the Ethernet frame.
1. The device de-encapsulates the payload from the HDLC frame and sends
it to the upper layer.
1. The frame's destination MAC address matches the receiving port's MAC
address, the broadcast address, or a multicast address.
2. The device decapsulates the PDU from the Ethernet frame.
1. The device de-encapsulates the payload from the HDLC frame and sends
it to the upper layer.
1. Sending a valid LACP/PAgP frame to the higher process.
2. The frame source MAC address does not exist in the MAC table of Switch.
Switch adds a new MAC entry to its table.

3. This is a unicast frame. Switch looks in its MAC table for the destination
MAC address.
1. The frame's destination MAC address matches the receiving port's MAC
address, the broadcast address, or a multicast address.
2. The device decapsulates the PDU from the Ethernet frame.
CAPA 3
1. The router looks up the destination IP address in the routing table.
2. 1. The router looks up the destination IP address in the routing table.
3. 1. The packet's destination IP address matches the device's IP address or
the broadcast address. The device de-encapsulates the packet.
4. 2. The packet is an ICMP packet. The ICMP process processes it.
5. 3. The ICMP process received an Echo Request message.
6. 1. The router looks up the destination IP address in the routing table.
7. 1. The router looks up the destination IP address in the routing table.
8. 1. The packet's destination IP address matches the device's IP address or
the broadcast address. The device de-encapsulates the packet.
9. 2. The packet is an ICMP packet. The ICMP process processes it.
10.3. The ICMP process received an Echo Reply message.
11.4. The Ping process received an Echo Reply message.

SALIDA
CAPA 1
1. FastEthernet0 sends out the frame.
1. FastEthernet0/1 sends out the frame.
2. FastEthernet0/24 sends out the frame.}
1. Serial0/0/0 sends out the frame.
1. FastEthernet0/0 sends out the frame.
1. FastEthernet0 receives the frame.
1. FastEthernet0 sends out the frame.
1. Serial0/0/0 sends out the frame.
1. FastEthernet0/0 sends out the frame.
1. FastEthernet0/2 sends out the frame.
CAPA 2
1. The next-hop IP address is a unicast. The ARP process looks it up in the
ARP table.
2. The next-hop IP address is in the ARP table. The ARP process sets the
frame's destination MAC address to the one found in the table.
3. The device encapsulates the PDU into an Ethernet frame.}

1. The frame destination MAC address is not in the MAC table. The Switch
floods the frame to all ports in the same VLAN except the receiving port.
1. The device encapsulates the packet into an HDLC frame.
1. The next-hop IP address is a unicast. The ARP process looks it up in the
ARP table.
2. The next-hop IP address is in the ARP table. The ARP process sets the
frame's destination MAC address to the one found in the table.
3. The device encapsulates the PDU into an Ethernet frame.
1. The next-hop IP address is a unicast. The ARP process looks it up in the
ARP table.
2. The next-hop IP address is in the ARP table. The ARP process sets the
frame's destination MAC address to the one found in the table.
3. The device encapsulates the PDU into an Ethernet frame.
1. The device encapsulates the packet into an HDLC frame.
1. The next-hop IP address is a unicast. The ARP process looks it up in the
ARP table.
2. The next-hop IP address is in the ARP table. The ARP process sets the
frame's destination MAC address to the one found in the table.
3. The device encapsulates the PDU into an Ethernet frame.
1. The outgoing port is an access port. Switch sends the frame out that port.
CAPA 3
1. The Ping process starts the next ping request.
2. The Ping process creates an ICMP Echo Request message and sends it to
the lower process.
3. The source IP address is not specified. The device sets it to the port's IP
address.
4. The device sets TTL in the packet header.
5. The destination IP address is not in the same subnet and is not the
broadcast address.
6. The default gateway is set. The device sets the next-hop to default
gateway.

1. The routing table finds a routing entry to the destination IP address.


2. The router decrements the TTL on the packet.
1. The routing table finds a routing entry to the destination IP address.
2. The destination network is directly connected. The router sets destination
as the next-hop.
3. The router decrements the TTL on the packet.
1. The ICMP process replies to the Echo Request by setting ICMP type to
Echo Reply.
2. The ICMP process sends an Echo Reply.
3. The destination IP address is not in the same subnet and is not the
broadcast address.
4. The default gateway is set. The device sets the next-hop to default
gateway.
1. The routing table finds a routing entry to the destination IP address.
2. The router decrements the TTL on the packet.
1. The routing table finds a routing entry to the destination IP address.
2. The destination network is directly connected. The router sets destination
as the next-hop.
3. The router decrements the TTL on the packet.

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