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Alphabetical Statistical Symbols

This document defines common statistical symbols used in formulas and their meanings. It includes symbols for measures of central tendency (mean, median), dispersion (standard deviation, variance), probability (p-value, binomial distribution), hypothesis testing (null and alternative hypotheses), and other statistical concepts (correlation, t-distribution, z-score). The table provides the text equivalent, meaning, and formulas for each symbol.

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Sudibyo Gunawan
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184 views5 pages

Alphabetical Statistical Symbols

This document defines common statistical symbols used in formulas and their meanings. It includes symbols for measures of central tendency (mean, median), dispersion (standard deviation, variance), probability (p-value, binomial distribution), hypothesis testing (null and alternative hypotheses), and other statistical concepts (correlation, t-distribution, z-score). The table provides the text equivalent, meaning, and formulas for each symbol.

Uploaded by

Sudibyo Gunawan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Alphabetical Statistical Symbols

Symbol

Text Equivalent

Meaning

Y- intercept of
least square
regression line

Slope of least
squares
regression line

Confidence
level

Cr

n-c-r

Combinations
(number of
combinations
of n objects
taken r at a
time)

n-c-r

Combinations
(number of
combinations
of n objects
taken r at a
time)

Covariance
Covariance
between X and Y between X & Y
CV

Coefficient of
variation

df

Degree(s) of
freedom

Regression:
y on x

, for line

Regression:
y on x

for line

Discrete
probability
distribution for
then,
the probability If X follows
Binomial
of number of
distribution with
successes in n
parameters n and
Where,
,
independent
p
r = 0,1,2, .,n,
random trials
under the
identical
conditions.
c

Link to
Glossary (if
appropriate)

Formula

Binomial
Distribution

Confidence
interval

, where

, where

Symbol

Text Equivalent

Maximal error
tolerance

E
E (f(x))

Meaning

Frequency

F-distribution
variable

or

Distribution
function

f(x)
or

H1

Probability
mass function

for large samples

number of times score.

where n1 and n2 are the


corresponding degrees of freedom.

Depends on the distribution.

The null hypothesis is the


Null hypothesis hypothesis about the population
parameter.

H-one

Alternate
hypothesis

M-S

An alternate hypothesis is
constructed in such a way that it is
the one to be accepted when the
null hypothesis must be rejected.

Testing of
hypothesis
Testing of
hypothesis

Interquartile
range

Measures
of central
tendency.

Mean square

Analysis of
variance
(ANOVA)

Sample size.

Population size

n-p-r

Fdistribution,
Hypothesis
testing for
equality of
2
variances.

H-naught

IQR

MS

Link to
Glossary (if
appropriate)

Expected value of
f(x)

H0

Formula

Permutation
(number of
ways to
arrange in
order n distinct

number of units in a sample.


Number of units in the
population.

where

Symbol

Text Equivalent

Meaning

Formula

Link to
Glossary (if
appropriate)

objects taking
them r at a
time)

n-p-r

Permutation
(number of
ways to
arrange in
order n distinct
objects taking
them r at a
time)

p-hat

Sample
proportion

Probability of A
given B

Conditional
probability

Probability of x

Probability of x
The attained
level of
significance.

p-value

Binomial
distribution

P value is the smallest level of


significance for which the observed
sample statistic tells us to reject the
null hypothesis.

Probability of
not happening
of the event

Q1

, where

Measures
Median of the lower half of the of central
data that is data below median.
tendency

Q-one

First quartile

Q2

Q-two

Second quartile
Central value of an ordered
Or Median
data.

Measures
of central
tendency

Q3

Q-three

Third quartile

Median of the upper half of


the data that is data above the
median.

Measures
of central
tendency

Sample
Correlation
coefficient

R
r2

r-square

Coefficient of
determination

R2

r-square

Multiple
correlation
coefficient

Symbol

Text Equivalent

Meaning

Sample
standard
deviation

Link to
Glossary (if
appropriate)

Formula

for ungrouped data.

Measures
of
dispersion

for grouped data.


2

S-square

for ungrouped data.

Sample
variance

for grouped data.


s-e- square

Error variance

Sample
Standard
deviation

SD

Measures
of
dispersion

for ungrouped data.


for grouped data.

Bowleys
coefficient of
skewness

Measures
of skew
ness

Pearsons
coefficient of
skewness

Measures
of skew
ness

Sum of
squares
t

Students t
variable

tc

The critical
value for a
confidence
level c.

Var(X)

t critical

Variance of X

for ungrouped data


for grouped data
tdistribution
Number such that the area
under the t distribution for a given
number of degrees of freedom
falling between
to c.

and

is equal

Variance of X
Independent
variable or
explanatory
variable in
regression
analysis

Eg. In the study of, yield obtained &


the irrigation level, independent
variable is,

Irrigation level.

Testing of
hypothesis

Symbol

Text Equivalent

x-bar

Arithmetic
mean or
Average of X
scores.
Dependent
variable or
response
variable in
regression
analysis

Meaning

Link to
Glossary (if
appropriate)

Formula

for ungrouped data.


for grouped data

Measures
of central
tendency

Eg. In the study of, yield obtained &


the irrigation level, dependent
variable is,

Yield obtained.

Z-score

Standard
normal variable
(Normal
, where X follows
variable with
.
mean = 0 & SD Normal
= 1)

z critical

The critical
value for a
confidence
level c.

Standard
normal
distribution

Number such that the area


under the standard normal curve
falling between
c.

and

Testing of
hypothesis
is equal to Confidence
interval

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