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Applications of Differential Calculus Exercise

This document contains exercises on various topics in differential calculus, including: - Evaluating limits using L'Hospital's rule - Determining monotonicity of functions - Finding maxima, minima, points of inflection, and asymptotes of functions - Sketching curves defined by functions The exercises provide practice applying key concepts and techniques of differential calculus such as taking derivatives, using derivatives to analyze functions, and using graphical information to sketch curves.

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Ismail Hashim
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
270 views17 pages

Applications of Differential Calculus Exercise

This document contains exercises on various topics in differential calculus, including: - Evaluating limits using L'Hospital's rule - Determining monotonicity of functions - Finding maxima, minima, points of inflection, and asymptotes of functions - Sketching curves defined by functions The exercises provide practice applying key concepts and techniques of differential calculus such as taking derivatives, using derivatives to analyze functions, and using graphical information to sketch curves.

Uploaded by

Ismail Hashim
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Application of Differential Calculus

Date

A-Level Pure Mathematics


Chapter 5 Application of Differential Calculus
Exercise 5A (LHospitals Rule)
Name : ________________

x sin x
x3

1.

Evaluate lim

2.

Evaluate the following limits:

x 0

(a)

3.

1 cos x
x 0
x2

lim

sin x 2
x 0
x

(c)

lim

sec x 1
x 0
x2

(c)

lim

(b) lim

sin nx
x 0 sin x

Evaluate the following limits:


(a)

lim x sin x

x 0

(b) lim

sin 2 x
x0
x2

Application of Differential Calculus

4.

Evaluate the following limits:


(a)

5.

x
2

1 sin x
cos x

1
1

x tan x

(b) lim
x 0

lim

(c)

x 0

x tan x
x3

Evaluate the following limits:


(a)

Ans:

lim

lim
x 0

1.

tan x x
x 2 sin x

1
6

(b) lim(e x x ) x

(c)

x 0

2.

1
, 0,
2

3.

1,

1
, 1 4.
2

lim cos
x
x

0, 0,

A-Level Pure Mathematics


2

1
3

5.

1
, e2 , 1
3

Application of Differential Calculus

Chapter 5
Date
1

Application of Differential Calculus


Exercise 5B(LHospitals Rule)
Name : ________________

Evaluate the following limits:


1

(a)

2.

lim[ln( x e)] x
x 0

(b)

lim (sin x) ln x

x 0

Evaluate:
(a)

lim
x 1

1
1

x
5

(b)

lim (sec x tan x)


x

[HKAL 1994]

3.

Evaluate:

Application of Differential Calculus

(a)

e x 1 sin x
lim
x 0
x2

(b)

3e x 2

lim
x 0
5

1
x

[HKAL 1998]

Ans:

1.

1
e

e ,

e 2.

5
, 0
2

3.

3
1
, e5
2

A-Level Pure Mathematics


4

Application of Differential Calculus

Chapter 5
Date

Application of Differential Calculus


Exercise 5C (Monotonic Functions)
Name : ________________

x3
is strictly increasing for 0 x .
2
3

1.

Show that the function f ( x ) tan x x

2.

Show that the function f ( x)

3.

Determine the interval for which the function f ( x)

4.

Determine the interval in [0,2 ] for which the function f ( x) x 2 sin x is decreasing.

Ans:

3.

[1 , 1]

1
2 x 3 is strictly increasing for x 1 .
x

4.

2x
is increasing.
1 x2

2 4
,
].
3
3

A-Level Pure Mathematics


5

Application of Differential Calculus

Chapter 5
Date

Application of Differential Calculus


Exercise 5D(Monotonic Functions)
Name : ________________

x
tan 1 x x for x 0 .
1 x2

1.

Prove

2.

Prove that 0 ln(1 x)

2x
x3
for x 0

2 x 12

Application of Differential Calculus

3.

Let f ( x )

ln x
.
x

(a) Show that f (x ) is strictly increasing on the interval (0, e) .


(b) Hence, show that if 0 a b e ,
ab ba

4.

Let f ( x) ln(1 x) x .
By finding the greatest value of f (x ) , prove that ln(1 x) x .

Application of Differential Calculus

5.

(a) Show that for 0 x 1,


(i) ln(1 x ) x
(ii) ln(1 x) x
(b) Let n be a positive integer greater than 1 . Deduce from (a) that
ln(n 1) ln n

1
ln n ln(n 1)
n

Hence show that


ln(

3n 1
1
1
1
3n
)

ln(
)
n
n n 1
3n
n 1

(c) Use the above results to evaluate the limit


1
1
1

3n
n n 1

lim
n

(Ans: ln 3 )

Application of Differential Calculus

A-Level Pure Mathematics


Chapter 5 Application of Differential Calculus
Exercise 5E (Maxima and Minima)
Name : ________________

Date :
1.

2(1 x 2 )
2x
y
'

Find the maximum or minimum points of y


and
.
(1 x 2 ) 2
1 x2

f ' ( x)
f (x )

Maximum point

Minimum point

2.

Find the maximum or minimum points of y x(3 x 1) .

3.

Find the maximum or minimum points of y 3( x 4) 3 2 .

Application of Differential Calculus

4.

Find the maximum or minimum points of y

5.

Find the maximum or minimum points of

Ans:

y x ( x 4)

1.

Max. pt ( 1,1 ) Min. pt ( 1,1 )

3.
5.

Min. pt ( 4,2 )
Min. pt ( 0, 0 )

4.

(ln x ) 2
.
x

2.

3 33
2)
4 8

Min. pt ( ,

Max. pt ( e 2 ,4e 2 ) Min. pt ( 1,0 )

A-Level Pure Mathematics


10

Application of Differential Calculus

Chapter 5
Date
1.

Application of Differential Calculus


Exercise 5F (points of inflexion)
Name : ________________

Find the points of inflexion of the curve y 3 x 2 x 3 and y ' ' 6 6 x .

y' '

is point of inflexion.
5

2.

Find the points of inflexion of the curve y x x 3 .

3.

Find the points of inflexion of the curve

4.

Find the points of inflexion of the curve

y ln x

1 x2

, ( x 0 ).

11

Application of Differential Calculus

5.

Find the points of inflexion of the curve y e x .

Ans:

Date

1.

(1,2)

2.

(0,0)

3.

no point of inflexion

4.

(1,0)

5.

1 2
,e )
2

A-Level Pure Mathematics


Chapter 5 Application of Differential Calculus
Exercise 5G(asymptotes)
Name : ________________
12

Application of Differential Calculus

1.

Find the asymptotes to the curve y

1
.
x 9

2.

Find the asymptotes to the curve y

2x 2
.
1 x2

3.

Find the asymptotes to the curve y

x3 x2 1
.
x 2 3x 4

4.

2
Find the asymptotes to the curve y 9 x 4 .

Ans:

Date

x2

1.
4.

x 3, x 3, y 0

2.

y2

3.

x 4, x 1, y x 2

x 2, y 3, y 3 .

A-Level Pure Mathematics


Chapter 5 Application of Differential Calculus
Exercise 5H(Curve Sketching)
Name : ________________
13

Application of Differential Calculus

x ( x 1)

Let f ( x)

1.

2
3

x 2 ( x 1)

2
3

if

x0

if

x0

(a)
(b)

For x 0 and 1 , find f ' ( x) and f ' ' ( x)


Show that f ' (0) 0 but both f ' ' (0) and f ' ( 1) do not exist.

(c)

Show that the graph of y f (x ) has extreme points at x 1 and

3
and has inflexional
4

15 3 5
points at x 0 and
.
20

(d)

Sketch the graph of y f (x ) .


Vision Ex 5.10(12)

2.

Let f ( x) 3 x 3 x 2 x 1 .
(a) Show that f ' (1) and f ' ( 1) do not exist.

14

Application of Differential Calculus

(b) Find f ' ( x) for x 1 and 1 .


(c) Find the range of values of x such that
(i) f ' ( x) 0 ,
(ii) f ' ( x) 0
(d) Find the maximum, minimum and inflexional points of the graph of y f (x ) .
(e) Find the asymptote(s) of the graph of y f (x ) .
(f) Sketch the graph of f (x ) .
Vision Ex 5.10(14)

A-Level Pure Mathematics


Chapter 5 Application of Differential Calculus
Exercise 5I(Curve Sketching)
15

Application of Differential Calculus

Date

Name
2
3

Let f ( x) x
x2 1

1.
(a)

(b)
(c)

2.

________________

(xR)

(i) Evaluate f ' ( x) for x 0 . Prove that f ' (0) does not exist.
(ii) Determine those values of x for which f ' ( x) 0 and those values of x for which
f ' ( x) 0 .
(iii) Find the relative extreme points of f (x ) .
(i) Evaluate f ' ' ( x) for x 0 . Hence determine the points of inflexion of f (x ) .
(ii) Find the asymptote of the graph of f (x ) .
Using the above results, sketch the graph of f (x ) .
HKAL 94 Paper II

Let f ( x) x 2

8
x 1

( x 1)

(a) Find f ' ( x) and f ' ' ( x) for x 1 .

16

Application of Differential Calculus

(b) Determine the range of values of x for each of the following cases:
(i) f ' ( x) 0 ,
(ii) f ' ( x) 0 ,
(iii) f ' ' ( x) 0
(iv) f ' ' ( x) 0 .
(c) Find the relative extreme point(s) and point(s) of inflexion of f (x ) .
(d) Find the asymptote(s) of f (x ) .
(e) Sketch the graph of f (x ) .
( x 1)
(f) Let g ( x) f ( x )
(i) Is g (x ) differentiable at x 0 ? Why?
(ii) Sketch the graph of g (x ) .
HKAL 02 Paper II

17

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