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    Vanny Pamittan
    Play is an essential part of human development that extends across one's lifespan. Several theorists have emphasized the importance of play in child development, including Jean Piaget who proposed four stages of cognitive development. In the concrete operational stage from ages 7 to 11, play helps children develop logical thinking and motor skills through activities like organized games with rules. These games enhance intellectual and social abilities as children learn to follow rules and negotiate with others. Play also benefits learning and socialization. It helps children acquire cognitive, affective, and psychomotor skills while developing social skills through communication and adapting to societal rules. Traditional Philippine games reflect Filipino culture and values and can promote nationalism by passing cultural traditions to new generations. However, a lack

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    RRL

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    Vanny Pamittan
    510 views4 pages
    Play is an essential part of human development that extends across one's lifespan. Several theorists have emphasized the importance of play in child development, including Jean Piaget who proposed four stages of cognitive development. In the concrete operational stage from ages 7 to 11, play helps children develop logical thinking and motor skills through activities like organized games with rules. These games enhance intellectual and social abilities as children learn to follow rules and negotiate with others. Play also benefits learning and socialization. It helps children acquire cognitive, affective, and psychomotor skills while developing social skills through communication and adapting to societal rules. Traditional Philippine games reflect Filipino culture and values and can promote nationalism by passing cultural traditions to new generations. However, a lack

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    Review of related Literature for a thesis about folk games

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    Play is an essential part of human development that extends across one's lifespan. Several theorists have emphasized the importance of play in child development, including Jean Piaget who proposed four stages of cognitive development. In the concrete operational stage from ages 7 to 11, play helps children develop logical thinking and motor skills through activities like organized games with rules. These games enhance intellectual and social abilities as children learn to follow rules and negotiate with others. Play also benefits learning and socialization. It helps children acquire cognitive, affective, and psychomotor skills while developing social skills through communication and adapting to societal rules. Traditional Philippine games reflect Filipino culture and values and can promote nationalism by passing cultural traditions to new generations. However, a lack

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    510 views4 pages

    RRL

    Uploaded by

    Vanny Pamittan
    Play is an essential part of human development that extends across one's lifespan. Several theorists have emphasized the importance of play in child development, including Jean Piaget who proposed four stages of cognitive development. In the concrete operational stage from ages 7 to 11, play helps children develop logical thinking and motor skills through activities like organized games with rules. These games enhance intellectual and social abilities as children learn to follow rules and negotiate with others. Play also benefits learning and socialization. It helps children acquire cognitive, affective, and psychomotor skills while developing social skills through communication and adapting to societal rules. Traditional Philippine games reflect Filipino culture and values and can promote nationalism by passing cultural traditions to new generations. However, a lack

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    of 4

    Play and Childhood Development

    The American Oxford Dictionary defines play as an engagement in activity for


    enjoyment and recreation. It is an essential part of human growth and extends across a person's
    lifespan. Several theorists have emphasized the importance of play in child development.
    According to John Dewey (1909), play helps a person grow in both intellectual and social
    aspects. It provides the conditions crucial for proper brain development in children (Kieff, 2000).
    Jean Piaget, a Swiss developmental psychologist and philosopher whose studies focus
    mainly on children, proposed the theory of four developmental stages of childhood cognitive
    development. These are the sensorimotor stage (from birth to 18-24 months), preoperational
    stage (18-24 months to age 7), concrete operational stage (ages 7 to 11), and the formal
    operational stage (12 onwards).
    In the concrete operational stage, the child can think logically and perform mental
    operations. It is also at this stage that the motor skills of the child such as running and jumping
    are developed and refined to mastery. At this time, a category of play called organized games
    with rules (Kieff, 2000) become common and important (Nixon and Gould 1999). Children are
    able to follow the rules of a game and negotiate with other players to modify them, thus
    enhancing their intellectual and social abilities (Kieff, 2000).
    Play and Games in Children's Learning and Socialization
    According to educational psychologist Dr. Benjamin Bloom (1956), there are three
    domains of learning and development. First is the cognitive domain which involves one's mental
    skills and knowledge. Another is the affective domain that pertains to an individual's growth in
    attitude and emotional areas. Lastly, the psycho-motor domain refers to physical and manual

    skills.
    Christine Macintyre (2001) stated that play and games enhance a child's learning in each
    domain. They are voluntary and enjoyable experiences that provide a suitable venue

    for

    acquiring knowledge. In games, children learn to apply the cognitive, affective, and psychomotor
    skills they have obtained to become competent and knowledgeable. They learn to develop
    consciousness about their world and other people around them.
    Games also enhance children's communication skills essential for their socialization.
    They help a child adapt socially by teaching the rules of society. At the same time, they provide a
    means of escape from the restrictions of a community. Games encompass many generations,
    hence, they are capable of creating and strengthening bonds among the old and the young.
    Games, Culture, and Nationalism
    In 1950, Dutch historian and cultural theorist Johan Huizinga stated the relationship
    between play and culture. His book titled Homo Ludens: A Study of the Play Element
    in Culture explained that play is interwoven to culture and it contributes to
    the development of civilizations.

    The norms and values shared within a

    community shape the play practices of its people. John M. Roberts, Michael
    J. Arth, and Robert R. Bush, folklorists and authors of Games in Culture,
    stated that games are integrated into the cultures of ethnic groups and
    tribes in many ways, for example, in their religion, war customs, or hunting
    practices.
    The term used to represent all types of recreational play in the
    Philippines is laro (Lopez 1980). Traditional Philippine games are called

    Laro ng Lahi, showing their value as cultural treasures of the Filipinos.


    Iris M. Obsuna stated in her book with the same title that the Philippine
    games embody and define the Filipino character and values. According to
    Mellie Lopez in A Study of Philippine Games, the country's folk games
    exhibit characteristics of the Malayan culture of the Filipinos: hierarchical,
    personalized, family-centered, and fatalistic.
    some, but not all,

    The author also said that

    games are derived from early Philippine customs and

    beliefs.
    Because of their importance to culture, games also serve as effective
    cultural vehicles of nationalism. Lopez (1970) added in her book that if
    Philippine games are harnessed to their full potentials, they can promote
    national pride and harmony among the Filipinos. Altogether, Philippine
    games make up an identity of the Filipino people they are a valuable
    tradition that should be passed on by the elders of society to the next
    generation.
    Philippine Games for Physical Education

    Encarnacion Callangan identified the needs and problems of physical education teachers
    in the elementary schools of Cagayan (1970) in her Master's thesis. She found out that there is a
    lack of materials and reference or guide books for physical education. Statistics showed that out
    of all the schools that have reference materials, only 5% have books about Philippine games.
    Activities for students include dances, group games, and basic game skills but the shortage of

    equipment and reference books hinder the proper implementation of these activities. The author
    further recommended that substitutes can be created from local materials if schools cannot afford
    expensive equipment. Visual aids can also be used to facilitate the instruction of skills to the
    students.

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