Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 64 views

    Bacteria Caracteristica S Epidemiologi A Diagnostico Virulencia Enfermedade S Vac, Trat Notas

    Uploaded by

    Roy
    This document summarizes various bacteria including their characteristics, pathogenicity, diseases caused, and treatment. It discusses lactose fermenting and non-fermenting members of Enterobacteriaceae like E. coli, Klebsiella, Salmonella, Shigella, and Proteus. It also covers non-fermenting bacteria such as Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, Alcaligenes, Moraxella, and Vibrios. Many are normal flora but can cause opportunistic infections. Diseases range from gastroenteritis to UTIs, pneumonia, and meningitis. Treatment involves rehydration, antibiotics, and prevention of cross-contamination.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Bacteria Caracteristica S Epidemiologi A Diagnostico Virulencia Enfermedade S Vac, Trat Notas

    Uploaded by

    Roy
    64 views8 pages
    This document summarizes various bacteria including their characteristics, pathogenicity, diseases caused, and treatment. It discusses lactose fermenting and non-fermenting members of Enterobacteriaceae like E. coli, Klebsiella, Salmonella, Shigella, and Proteus. It also covers non-fermenting bacteria such as Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, Alcaligenes, Moraxella, and Vibrios. Many are normal flora but can cause opportunistic infections. Diseases range from gastroenteritis to UTIs, pneumonia, and meningitis. Treatment involves rehydration, antibiotics, and prevention of cross-contamination.

    Original Description:

    v d d

    Original Title

    TABLA 3- Bacili Gram

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    This document summarizes various bacteria including their characteristics, pathogenicity, diseases caused, and treatment. It discusses lactose fermenting and non-fermenting members of Enterobacteriaceae like E. coli, Klebsiella, Salmonella, Shigella, and Proteus. It also covers non-fermenting bacteria such as Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, Alcaligenes, Moraxella, and Vibrios. Many are normal flora but can cause opportunistic infections. Diseases range from gastroenteritis to UTIs, pneumonia, and meningitis. Treatment involves rehydration, antibiotics, and prevention of cross-contamination.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    64 views8 pages

    Bacteria Caracteristica S Epidemiologi A Diagnostico Virulencia Enfermedade S Vac, Trat Notas

    Uploaded by

    Roy
    This document summarizes various bacteria including their characteristics, pathogenicity, diseases caused, and treatment. It discusses lactose fermenting and non-fermenting members of Enterobacteriaceae like E. coli, Klebsiella, Salmonella, Shigella, and Proteus. It also covers non-fermenting bacteria such as Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, Alcaligenes, Moraxella, and Vibrios. Many are normal flora but can cause opportunistic infections. Diseases range from gastroenteritis to UTIs, pneumonia, and meningitis. Treatment involves rehydration, antibiotics, and prevention of cross-contamination.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 8

    Bacteria

    Enterobacteri
    aceae
    a)Lactose
    fermenters
    E.coli,
    Klebsiella,
    Enterobacter
    b)non lactose
    fermenters
    H2S
    shigella,
    serratia,
    Yersernia,
    Morganella,
    Providencia
    c)Non ferm
    H2S +
    Salmonella,
    Proteus,
    Citrobacter
    Escherichia
    coli
    (coliforms)
    Enterococci

    Caracteristica
    s

    Lactose ferm

    Epidemiologi
    a

    Normal flora of
    GIT

    O157 H7
    Enterohemorr

    Reservoir:

    Diagnostico

    Lactose +
    Motile
    IMViC ++- -

    Virulencia
    Somatic O
    antigen (LPS)
    Capsule K
    Vi (capsular
    antigen of
    S.typhi)
    Flagellar H
    antigen
    Fimbrial
    antigens
    Endotoxin:
    -lipid A of LPS
    -thermostable
    -fever, shock
    Enterotoxin:
    cAMP or
    cGMP
    Cytotoxins,
    bacteriocins
    adhesins
    Endotoxin,
    colicins,
    adhesins,
    cytotoxin
    (verotoxinhemorrhagic)
    Enterotoxin
    (plasmid)
    Heat labile (LT
    > cAMP,
    cholera like)
    Heat stable (ST
    > cGMP)

    Enfermedade
    s

    Vac, trat

    Notas
    Clinical samples:
    Urine, feces,
    CSF, blood,
    biopsies,
    sputum, pus
    Quantitative
    culture: urine
    Media:
    Enrichment,
    differential,
    selective
    (MacConky)
    Susceptibility
    test

    UTI (can result


    in sepsis),
    nosocomial or
    community
    Neonatal
    meningitis
    Enteric disease
    a)ETECtravelerss
    b)EIEC-watery,
    may progress
    to dysentery
    (shigella like)
    c)EPEC-chronic
    diarrhea in
    infants
    d)EAEC- infant
    diarr

    Antibiotics for
    UTI/meningitis
    Enteric disease:
    Most are self
    limiting
    Prphylaxis for
    ETEC: bismuth
    subsalicylate
    Antibiotics if
    recommended

    ANTIBIOTICS
    ARE

    Used to detect
    fecal
    contamination of
    H2O

    hagic E.coli

    cattle,
    vegetables,
    non
    pasteurized
    fruit juices

    Klebsiella
    pneumonia
    (Coliforme)

    Serratia
    marcescens
    Non lactose
    fermenter
    H2S
    Proteus
    Non lactose
    fermemter
    H2S +

    Salmonella sp

    Salmon red
    pigmented
    colonies at
    room temp

    Multiple toxins
    (shiga)
    Most are
    sorbitol

    Acquired respi
    flora in hospital
    (nosocomial)

    Lactose +
    NON motile
    IMViC - - ++

    Opportunistic
    pathogen of
    respi
    nosocomial
    infect

    Highly
    resistant to
    antibiotics

    Most are

    Swarming
    motility
    Rapid users of
    urea with
    ammonia
    production (UTI
    puede tener tb
    piedras)
    Motile

    Capsule

    Deaminate aa
    (Phe)

    e)EHEC- O157
    H7
    Severe diarrea
    Hemolytic
    uremic
    sndrome (HUS)
    -kidney
    damage,
    hemolytic
    anemia,
    thrombocytope
    nia
    Thrombocytope
    nic purpura,
    hemorrhagic
    colitis
    Pneumonia
    with
    hemorrhagic
    necrotizing
    consolidation of
    the lungs
    Dark red
    bloody sputum
    (currant jelly)

    CONTRAINDICA
    TED
    risk of 2ry
    complication
    (HUS in
    children)
    Hydration

    UTI
    (nosocomial,
    community)

    Enterocolitis

    O antigens
    puede cross rxn
    with rickettsiae

    Gastroenteritis

    Carriers

    Non lactose
    fermemter
    H2S +

    Shigella sp
    Non lactose
    fermenter
    H2S

    Anaerogenic
    Highly virulent

    zoonotic:
    Poultry, cattle,
    pets (turtle,
    iguanas,
    snakes)

    NO K antigen
    (capsule) but
    S.typhi has Vi
    (envelope)

    (gastroenteritis
    )
    -(S.entiriditis)
    (S.typhimurium
    , most
    common)
    Enteric fever
    (human only
    reservoir)
    -typhoid fever
    (S.typhi)
    -Paratyphoid
    fever
    (paratyphoid
    strains)
    Sepsis with
    metastatic
    infect
    -S.cholerasuls
    (osteomyelitis
    in SCD pt)
    -S. typhi,
    S.paratyphi

    (self limiting)
    Gatorade
    Yogurt
    Avoid antibiotic
    and lomotilor
    immodium
    Typhoid fever:
    antibiotics
    (chloramphenic
    ol, ampicillin)

    (gallbladder)

    Only hosts:
    human and
    primates
    Transmission: 6
    Fs
    Fingers, food,
    fould H20,
    fomites, flies,
    STD

    NON motile
    NO capsule
    Shiga toxin:
    - enterotoxic
    (V.cholera like)
    -neurotox
    (vascularity of
    CNS)
    -cytotox (inh
    prot synthesis,
    cleaves 60S)

    Mild diarrheal
    Bacilliary
    dysentery
    -large intestine
    (erosion, ulcer)
    -fever, cramps,
    low volume
    frequent stools,
    blood, mucus in
    feces

    Most are self


    limiting
    Fluid,
    electrolyte
    replacement
    Antibiotic treat

    4 species:
    S.dysenteriae
    (Shiga bacillus)
    -the most severe
    disease, rare in
    USA
    S.flexneri,
    S.boydii,
    S.sonnei (most
    common)
    -less severe

    Other Shigella
    -sonnei and
    flexneri
    develop
    antibodies that
    neutralize
    dysenteriae
    toxin in vitro
    Yersinia
    Enterocolitica
    Non lactose
    fermenter
    NON
    FERMENTERS

    Facultative
    Grows best at
    25C, CAN
    GROW at 4C
    Alkaline rxn in
    TSI
    AEROBES!
    (some can use
    NO3 as eacceptor)

    Zoonotic
    Food-borne
    Direct contact

    Intracell
    parasite
    Cytotoxic

    Gastroenteritis
    Mesenteric
    lymphadenitis

    Opportunistic,
    ubiquitous

    Oxidative +

    Highly
    resistant to
    antimicrobials

    Pseudomonas

    Use organic
    compounds
    Grow 4C to 43C

    Vegetables,
    soil, whirlpools,
    hot tubs
    Hospital:
    Respirators,
    soaps
    desinfectants,
    water (tap,
    bottled,
    distilled)
    Fomites
    (telephones,
    faucets)

    Most are
    oxidative +
    Motile by polar
    flagella

    Biofilms in
    plastic

    Y.pseudotubercul
    osis
    -rare enteric
    pathogen

    Burkholderia
    pseudomallei
    (meliodiosis,
    respi, SE Asia!)
    B.mallei
    (glanders
    -respi disease:
    horses, mules,
    donkeys
    -diff diseases in
    humans)
    Stenotrophomon
    as maltophilia
    (nosocomial,
    chronic
    infections)
    Burkholderia
    cepacia
    (nosocomial,
    CF )

    Pseudomonas
    aeruginosa

    Only organism
    to produce blue
    pigment
    pyocianin
    Pyoverdin
    (greenish
    fluorescein)

    Flora of the
    skin and GIT

    Oxidase +
    Grape like odor
    Several
    pigments
    (green
    colonies)

    Alcaligenes
    sp ( =
    Achromobact
    er)

    Most are nonsaccharolytic,


    except
    A.xylosoxidans

    May be normal
    flora
    Nosocomial
    -respirators
    -sepsis,
    pneumonia, ear
    infections

    Motile by
    peritrichous
    flagella

    Endotoxin,
    hemolysins
    Retractable pili
    Slime in strains
    from cystic
    fibrosis
    patients
    Exotoxin A
    -diphteria like
    (affects ADP
    ribosylation of
    EF-2, inh prot
    synthesis)

    UTI, meningitis,
    ulcers,
    swimmer;s ears
    Pneumonia (CF
    pt)
    Abscesses (blugreen pus)
    Hot-tub
    folliculitis
    (public baths)

    Double
    therapy:
    penicillin and
    aminoglycoside

    LEADING CAUSE
    OF DEATH IN
    BURN PT: FEVER,
    CELLULITIS,
    SEPSIS
    ECHTHYMA
    GANGRENOSUM

    Penicillin
    except
    M.catarrhalis

    M.lacunata
    (blepharoconjuntivitis)
    M.osloensis
    (osteoarthritis)

    Neisseria-Like
    coccobacilli
    Moraxella sp

    Normal flora of
    mucous
    membranes

    Acinetobacter
    baumanii

    Normal flora
    (GT, skin,
    pharynx)
    Nosocomial
    (respi, UT)
    Highly resistant
    to
    antimicrobials
    Nosocomial
    (faucets, ice,
    water)

    Previous
    Flavobacteriu
    m

    Yellow colonies,
    Weak
    fermenter

    Indole +

    Meningitis,

    Chryseobacte
    rium
    meningosepti
    cum

    sepsis of the
    newborn
    Adult:
    pneumonia,
    endocarditis,
    sepsis,
    meningitis, only
    G bacillus S to
    vancomycin

    Other
    Uncommon
    Organism

    Vibrionaceae

    Curved bacilli

    Vibrio

    Comma shaped
    bacilli
    One polar
    flagella
    Most species
    are halophilic
    Classified by
    the O antigen

    Vibrio cholera

    Capnocytophaga
    gingivalis
    Chromobacteriu
    m violaceum
    HACEK group
    (oral flora,
    associated to
    endocarditis)
    H.aprophilus
    Actinobacillus
    actinomycetemc
    o
    -mitans
    Cardiobacterium
    hominis
    Eikenella
    corrodens
    Kingella kingae
    Vibrio
    Campylobacter
    Helycobacter
    Pleisomonas
    Aeromonas
    Oxidase +

    No animal
    reservoir,marin

    Oxidase +
    Resists alkaline

    Cholera, other
    food borne
    diseases
    Wound
    infections
    Sepsis
    Cholera Enteric
    Disease

    Toxin causes
    in cAMP and

    01, 0139
    (Benga) cause

    Non halophilic!

    e and surface
    waters
    (transmitted by
    human fecal
    contamination
    of water and
    food)
    Endemic in
    India and SE
    Asia (Tx, Ls)

    Vibrio
    parahaemolyt
    icus

    Coastal marine
    salt waters
    (halophilic)

    Vibrio
    vulnificus

    Halophilic

    Contaminated
    undercooked or
    raw sea-food
    (shellfish, raw
    fish, sushi)
    Trasnmitted
    from wounds
    by eating the
    oysters

    Campylobacte
    r jejuni

    Microaerophylic
    grows at 42C

    Zoonotic,
    Normal flora on
    many animals

    pH
    Selective TCBS
    alkaline
    medium for
    isolation

    Darting
    motility

    -heat labile
    enterotoxin
    (choleragen)
    No fever,
    profuse watery
    diarrhea
    No pus or blood
    Vomiting,
    dehydration,
    loss of
    electrolytes,
    renal failure,
    metabolic
    acidosis and
    death

    efflux in ions
    and water into
    the small
    intestine lumen
    Treatment:
    replace water
    and electro to
    prevent
    hypovolemic
    shock
    Antibiot not
    necessary but
    reduce duration
    of illness
    After recovery
    long lasting
    immunity
    Vaccines NOT
    effective as an
    epidemic
    control

    Mild to
    explosive
    diarrhea, fever,
    vomiting

    Self-limiting,
    lasts a few
    days

    Gastroenteritis
    (raw oysters)
    Cellulitis,
    hemorrhagic,
    bullous lesions
    Sepsis,
    gangrene as a
    result of
    intrvascualr
    coagulation
    Gastritis,
    colitis, diarrhea
    with blood and

    Doxycycline

    Usually lasts a
    week, selflinited

    epidemic
    disease
    01 has 2
    biotypes (El Tor,
    Classic) and 3
    serotypes
    (Ogawa, Inaba,
    Hikijima)
    Non01/non0139
    cause sporadic
    disease or no
    pathogenic

    Assoc with
    water, meat,
    shellfish
    Helicobacter
    pylori

    Microaerophilic
    urease

    Stomach of
    45% adults,
    also in some
    animals

    Gastric biopsy
    Urea breath
    test
    H.pylori
    antigens in
    stool
    IgG in serum

    pus, enteric
    fever
    Guillain-Barre
    may follow
    Gastritis,
    gastroduodenal
    ulcers (risk
    factor for
    gastric
    carcinoma)

    Bismuth salts
    Antibiot
    (metronidazole)

    You might also like