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Calculus of Variation Good Plates

The document provides examples of using calculus of variation to determine governing equations. In six examples, it shows the process of setting up integrals of functions, taking variations, applying boundary conditions, and deriving Euler-Lagrange equations. The seventh example solves the derived equation for a beam subjected to a uniform load to find deflection and bending moment expressions.

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Ahmed Hwaidi
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180 views7 pages

Calculus of Variation Good Plates

The document provides examples of using calculus of variation to determine governing equations. In six examples, it shows the process of setting up integrals of functions, taking variations, applying boundary conditions, and deriving Euler-Lagrange equations. The seventh example solves the derived equation for a beam subjected to a uniform load to find deflection and bending moment expressions.

Uploaded by

Ahmed Hwaidi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Calculus of variation

Example (1)
For this beam determine
Governing Equation by
using Calculus of
variation.

Solution
l

1
2
U EI w, xx dx
20

Potential Energy
l

W = Pwdx
0

Total Energy
l

EI
UW = ( w, xx )2 dx Pw . dx
2 0
0

Taking the first variation


l

( w , xx ) w , xx dx Pw . dx
0

=EI
0

( w, xx ) w, xx dx= w , xx w, x|0 ( w , xxx ) w , x dx


0

l
,x 0

=w, xx w | ( w, xxx ) w, x|0 + ( w, xxxx ) wdx


0

At x=0, x=l w , xx=w=0


l

= ( EI w, xxxx P ) wdx=0
0

EI w, xxxx P=0 Governing Equation

Example (2)
1

Determine Governing Equation by using Calculus of


variation.
x2

I = F( x , y , y ' , y ' ' )dx


x1

Solution

F , y y+ F , y ' y ' + F , y ' ' y ' '


x2

I=0= dx
x1

x2

F , y ' ydx = F , y y|x ( F , y ') , x ydx


F, y ''
(), x y ' dx
F, y ''
1

x2
x1

x2

x2

F , y ' ' y ' ' dx= F , y ' ' y '| ,x y ' dx=( F , y ' ' ), x y( F , y ' ') , xx ydx
x1

x1

F , y ( F , y ') ,x
x2
( +( F , y ' ') ,xx ) y + F , y ' y|x1
x2

x2

x2

I = + ( F , y ' ' ) y '|x 1( F , y) ,x y|x 1


x1

Boundary conditions
x2

x2

x2

( F , y ' '), xx y + F , y ' y|x 1 +( F , y ' ' ) y '|x1 ( F , y ), x y|x 1

Governing equation
F , y( F , y ' ), x +(F , y ' '),xx=0

Example (3)
Determine Governing Equation by using Calculus of
variation.
x2

I = ( x , y , y ' )dx
x1

Solution
x2

I = F , y y + F y' y ' dx
x1

F, y ( F, y ' x ) ydx

x
+ (F, y ' ) y|x

2
1

x2


x1

Example (4)
Determine Governing Equation by using Calculus of
variation.
1 2 2
u, x + w , x dx
2

L
EA
I=

2
0

Solution

1
I =EA (u, x + w 2, x )( u , x + w, x w ,x )dx+ EI (w , xx ) w , xx + P u, x dx
2
0
0
0
L
0

L
d
1
EA (u , x + ,2, x )(u )dx
dx
2
0

1 2
EA(u ,x + ,, x )u
2

Governing equation or Euler equation

d
1
d2
( ,x (u , x + ,2x )) 2 EI , xx dx=0
dx
2
dx
d
1
EA
, x (u ,x + ,2x ) EI , xxx=0
dx
2

EA

Example (5)
Determine Governing Equation by using Calculus of
variation.
x2 y 2

I = F ( x , y , ( u, xx ) , ( u, xy ) ) dxdy
x1 y 1

Solution

x2 y 2

I = F u, xx u, xx + F u ,xy u , xy dxdy
x1 y 1

y2

I 1 = F u ,xx u
y1

y2

x2
, x x1

I 1= F u, xx u
y1

x2

x2
, x x1

| ( F u ,xx ) u , x dx
x1

y2

dy

x2 y2

x2

dy ( F u , xx ), x u|x dy + ( F u , xx ), xx udxdy
1

y1

x1 y1

y 2 x2

I 2= F u, xy u, yx dxdy
y 1 x1

y2

y2 x2

x2

I 2= F u, xy u, y|x dy ( F u , xx ), x u, y dx dy
1

y1

y2

x2
, y x1

I 2= F u, xy u
y1

y1 x1

x2

y 2 x2

y2

dy ( F u , xy ), x u|y dx + ( F u, xy ) , xy u dxdy
1

x1

( F u, xx ), xx + ( F u , xy ), xy=0

y 1 x1

Euler equation

Boundary conditions:
x2

x2

F u , xx u, x|x =0 ( F u , xx ), x u|x =0
1

x2

F u, xy u

x2
, y x1

=0 ( F u , yx ) , x u|x =0
1

Example (6)
Determine Governing Equation by using Calculus of
variation.
h b

2
D
u= ( w, xx +w , yy ) + 2 ( 1v ) ( w 2, xy w , xx w, yy ) dxdy
2 0 0

Solution
h b

w= qwdxdy
0 0

h b

=D ( w , xx + w, yy ) ( w, xx + w, yy ) dxdy
0 0

h b

+ D (1v ) [ 2 w, xy w, xy w, yy w , xx w , xx w, yy ] dxdy
0 0

h b

q 0 wdxdy=0
0 0

( w , xx +w , yy ( 1v ) w , yy ) , xx+

Boundary conditions:

D
0

D [ w, xxxx ( 1v ) w, yyxx + w, yyxx +w , yyyyw, xxyy ( 1v ) w, xxyy + 2 ( 1v ) w, xxyy ]q=0

Euler equation
w , xxxx +w , yyyy +2 w, xxyy =
w4 =

q
D

q
D

Example (7)
Determine Governing
Equation by using Calculus
of variation.

Solution
l

EI
1
w2, xx dx+ k w2 dxq 0 w dx

2 0
2 0
0
l

=
0

=
0

EI 2 1
w + k w 2q 0 w dx
2 , xx 2

EI
w , xx w , xx + kwwq 0 w dx=0
2
l

I = w , xx w ,xx dx=w, xx
0

dv= w ,xx dx v= w , x u=w, xx du=w , xxx dx


l

I = w, xx w , x|0 w , xxx w , x dx
0

I =w ,xx w

l
,x 0

l
0

| w, xxx w| + w , xxxx wdx


0

w , xx=0 w=0 at ( x=0 ) , ( x=l )


l

=0= ( EI w , xxxx + kwq0 ) w dx


0

Euler-Lagrange equation
EI w, xxxx + kw=q0

w c =Asinh ( x ) ( sin ( x ) ) + Bcosh ( x ) sin ( x )+ +Csinh ( x ) cos ( x ) + Dcosh ( x ) cos ( x )

Where
4=

q
k
w p= 0
4 EI
k

From boundary conditions:

w=

q0
cosh ( x ) cos ( xL ) +cosh ( xL ) cos ( )
1
k
cosh ( L ) +cos ( L )

M =EI w , xx
q sinh ( x ) sin ( )( xL ) + sinh ( xL ) sin
M = 20
cosh ( x ) +cos ( L)
2

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