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PAD FOOTING ANALYSIS & DESIGN (BS8110): JOEY

PAD FOOTING ANALYSIS AND DESIGN (BS8110-1:1997)
TEDDS calculation version 2.0.05.06

750

1000
Pad footing details
Length of pad footing;

L = 1000 mm

Width of pad footing;

B = 2650 mm

Area of pad footing;

A = L B = 2.650 m2

Depth of pad footing;

h = 300 mm

Depth of soil over pad footing;

hsoil = 700 mm

Density of concrete;

conc = 23.6 kN/m3

Column details
Column base length;

lA = 250 mm

Column base width;

bA = 250 mm

Column eccentricity in x;

ePxA = -375 mm

Column eccentricity in y;

ePyA = 0 mm

Soil details
Dense, moderately graded, sub-angular, gravel
Mobilisation factor;

m= ;1.5;

Density of soil;

soil = 20.0 kN/m3

Design shear strength;

= 25.0 deg

Design base friction;

= 19.3 deg

Allowable bearing pressure;

Pbearing = 75 kN/m2

Axial loading on column

Dead axial load on column;

PGA = 0.0 kN

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PQA = 43.8 kN

Imposed axial load on column;

Wind axial load on column;

PWA = 0.0 kN

Total axial load on column;

PA = 43.8 kN

Foundation loads
Dead surcharge load;

FGsur = 0.000 kN/m2

Imposed surcharge load;

FQsur = 0.000 kN/m2

Pad footing self weight;

Fswt = h conc = 7.080 kN/m2

Soil self weight;

Fsoil = hsoil soil = 14.000 kN/m2

Total foundation load;

F = A (FGsur + FQsur + Fswt + Fsoil) = 55.9 kN

Calculate pad base reaction

Total base reaction;

T = F + PA = 99.6 kN

Eccentricity of base reaction in x;

eTx = (PA ePxA + MxA + HxA h) / T = -165 mm

Eccentricity of base reaction in y;

eTy = (PA ePyA + MyA + HyA h) / T = 0 mm

Check pad base reaction eccentricity

abs(eTx) / L + abs(eTy) / B = 0.165
Base reaction acts within middle third of base
Calculate pad base pressures
q1 = T / A - 6 T eTx / (L A) - 6 T eTy / (B A) = 74.736 kN/m2
q2 = T / A - 6 T eTx / (L A) + 6 T eTy / (B A) = 74.736 kN/m2
q3 = T / A + 6 T eTx / (L A) - 6 T eTy / (B A) = 0.443 kN/m2
q4 = T / A + 6 T eTx / (L A) + 6 T eTy / (B A) = 0.443 kN/m2
Minimum base pressure;

qmin = min(q1, q2, q3, q4) = 0.443 kN/m2

Maximum base pressure;

qmax = max(q1, q2, q3, q4) = 74.736 kN/m2

PASS - Maximum base pressure is less than allowable bearing pressure

74.7 kN/m

74.7 kN/m

0.4 kN/m

0.4 kN/m

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Partial safety factors for loads

Partial safety factor for dead loads;

fG = 0.00

Partial safety factor for imposed loads;

fQ = 1.50

Partial safety factor for wind loads;

fW = 0.00

Ultimate axial loading on column

Ultimate axial load on column;

PuA = PGA fG + PQA fQ + PWA fW = 65.6 kN

Ultimate foundation loads

Ultimate foundation load;

Fu = A [(FGsur + Fswt + Fsoil) fG + FQsur fQ] = 0.0 kN

Ultimate horizontal loading on column

Ultimate horizontal load in x direction;

HxuA = HGxA fG + HQxA fQ + HWxA fW = 0.0 kN

Ultimate horizontal load in y direction;

HyuA = HGyA fG + HQyA fQ + HWyA fW = 0.0 kN

Ultimate moment on column

Ultimate moment on column in x direction;

MxuA = MGxA fG + MQxA fQ + MWxA fW = 0.000 kNm

Ultimate moment on column in y direction;

MyuA = MGyA fG + MQyA fQ + MWyA fW = 0.000 kNm

Calculate ultimate pad base reaction

Ultimate base reaction;

Tu = Fu + PuA = 65.6 kN

Eccentricity of ultimate base reaction in x;

eTxu = (PuA ePxA + MxuA + HxuA h) / Tu = -375 mm

Eccentricity of ultimate base reaction in y;

eTyu = (PuA ePyA + MyuA + HyuA h) / Tu = 0 mm

Calculate ultimate pad base pressures

q1u = 2 Tu / [3 B (L / 2 - abs(eTxu))] = 132.075 kN/m2
q2u = 2 Tu / [3 B (L / 2 - abs(eTxu))] = 132.075 kN/m2
q3u = 0.000 kN/m2
q4u = 0.000 kN/m2
Minimum ultimate base pressure;

qminu = min(q1u, q2u, q3u, q4u) = 0.000 kN/m2

Maximum ultimate base pressure;

qmaxu = max(q1u, q2u, q3u, q4u) = 132.075 kN/m2

Calculate rate of change of base pressure in x direction

Left hand base reaction;

fuL = (q1u + q2u) B / 2 = 350.000 kN/m

Right hand base reaction;

fuR = (q3u + q4u) B / 2 = 0.000 kN/m

Length of base reaction;

Lx = 3 (L / 2 + eTxu) = 375 mm

Rate of change of base pressure;

Cx = (fuR - fuL) / Lx = -933.333 kN/m/m

Calculate pad lengths in x direction

Left hand length;

LL = L / 2 + ePxA = 125 mm

Right hand length;

LR = L / 2 - ePxA = 875 mm

Calculate ultimate moments in x direction

Ultimate moment in x direction;

Mx = fuL LL2 / 2 + Cx LL3 / 6 - Fu LL2 / (2 L) = 2.431 kNm

Calculate rate of change of base pressure in y direction

Top edge base reaction;

fuT = (q2u + q4u) L / 2 = 66.038 kN/m

Bottom edge base reaction;

fuB = (q1u + q3u) L / 2 = 66.038 kN/m

Length of base reaction;

Ly = B = 2650 mm

Rate of change of base pressure;

Cy = (fuB - fuT) / Ly = 0.000 kN/m/m

Calculate pad lengths in y direction

Top length;

LT = B / 2 - ePyA = 1325 mm

Bottom length;

LB = B / 2 + ePyA = 1325 mm

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Calculate ultimate moments in y direction

My = fuT LT2 / 2 + Cy LT3 / 6 - Fu LT2 / (2 B) = 57.969 kNm

Ultimate moment in y direction;

Material details
Characteristic strength of concrete;

fcu = 30 N/mm2

Characteristic strength of reinforcement;

fy = 460 N/mm2

Characteristic strength of shear reinforcement;

fyv = 460 N/mm2

Nominal cover to reinforcement;

cnom = 50 mm

Moment design in x direction

Diameter of tension reinforcement;

xB = 12 mm

Depth of tension reinforcement;

dx = h - cnom - yB - xB / 2 = 232 mm

Design formula for rectangular beams (cl 3.4.4.4)

Kx = Mx / (B dx2 fcu) = 0.001
Kx = 0.156
Kx < Kx' compression reinforcement is not required
Lever arm;

zx = dx min([0.5 + (0.25 - Kx / 0.9)], 0.95) = 220 mm

Area of tension reinforcement required;

As_x_req = Mx / (0.87 fy zx) = 28 mm2

Minimum area of tension reinforcement;

As_x_min = 0.0024 B h = 1908 mm2

Tension reinforcement provided;

18 No. 12 dia. bars bottom (150 centres)

Area of tension reinforcement provided;

As_xB_prov = NxB xB2 / 4 = 2036 mm2

PASS - Tension reinforcement provided exceeds tension reinforcement required

Moment design in y direction
Diameter of tension reinforcement;

yB = 12 mm

Depth of tension reinforcement;

dy = h - cnom - yB / 2 = 244 mm

Design formula for rectangular beams (cl 3.4.4.4)

Ky = My / (L dy2 fcu) = 0.032
Ky = 0.156
Ky < Ky' compression reinforcement is not required
Lever arm;

zy = dy min([0.5 + (0.25 - Ky / 0.9)], 0.95) = 232 mm

Area of tension reinforcement required;

As_y_req = My / (0.87 fy zy) = 625 mm2

Minimum area of tension reinforcement;

As_y_min = 0.0024 L h = 720 mm2

Tension reinforcement provided;

7 No. 12 dia. bars bottom (150 centres)

Area of tension reinforcement provided;

As_yB_prov = NyB yB2 / 4 = 792 mm2

PASS - Tension reinforcement provided exceeds tension reinforcement required

Calculate ultimate shear force at d from bottom face of column
Ultimate pressure for shear;

qsu = (q2u + Cy (B / 2 - ePyA + bA / 2 + dy) / L + q1u) / 2

qsu = 132.075 kN/m2

Area loaded for shear;

As = 3 (L / 2 + eTx) (B / 2 + ePyA - bA / 2 - dy) = 0.962 m2

Ultimate shear force;

Vsu = As (qsu - Fu / A) = 127.009 kN

Shear stresses at d from bottom face of column (cl 3.5.5.2)

Design shear stress;

vsu = Vsu / (L dy) = 0.521 N/mm2

From BS 8110:Part 1:1997 - Table 3.8

Design concrete shear stress;

vc = 0.79 N/mm2 min(3, [100 As_yB_prov / (L dy)]1/3) max((400 mm

/ dy)1/4, 0.67) (min(fcu / 1 N/mm2, 40) / 25)1/3 / 1.25 = 0.522 N/mm2

Allowable design shear stress;

vmax = min(0.8 N/mm2 (fcu / 1 N/mm2), 5 N/mm2) = 4.382 N/mm2

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PASS - vsu < vc - No shear reinforcement required

Calculate ultimate punching shear force at face of column

Ultimate pressure for punching shear;

qpuA = q1u+[(L/2+ePxA+lA/2)/2]Cx/B-[(B/2+ePyA-bA/2)+(bA)/2]Cy/L =
88.050 kN/m2

Average effective depth of reinforcement;

d = (dx + dy) / 2 = 238 mm

Area loaded for punching shear at column;

ApA = (L/2+ePxA+lA/2)(bA) = 0.063 m2

Length of punching shear perimeter;

upA = 2(L/2+ePxA+lA/2)+(bA) = 750 mm

Ultimate shear force at shear perimeter;

VpuA = PuA + (Fu / A - qpuA) ApA = 60.122 kN

Effective shear force at shear perimeter;

VpuAeff = VpuA 1.25 = 75.152 kN

Punching shear stresses at face of column (cl 3.7.7.2)

Design shear stress;

vpuA = VpuAeff / (upA d) = 0.421 N/mm2

Allowable design shear stress;

vmax = min(0.8N/mm2 (fcu / 1 N/mm2), 5 N/mm2) = 4.382 N/mm2

PASS - Design shear stress is less than allowable design shear stress

Calculate ultimate punching shear force at perimeter of 1.5 d from face of column
Ultimate pressure for punching shear;

qpuA1.5d = q1u+[L/2]Cx/B-[(B/2+ePyA-bA/2-1.5d)+(bA+21.5d)/2]Cy/L
= -44.025 kN/m2

Average effective depth of reinforcement;

d = (dx + dy) / 2 = 238 mm

Area loaded for punching shear at column;

ApA1.5d = L(bA+21.5d) = 0.964 m2

Length of punching shear perimeter;

upA1.5d = 2L = 2000 mm

Ultimate shear force at shear perimeter;

VpuA1.5d = PuA + (Fu / A - qpuA1.5d) ApA1.5d = 108.065 kN

Effective shear force at shear perimeter;

VpuA1.5deff = VpuA1.5d 1.25 = 135.082 kN

Punching shear stresses at perimeter of 1.5 d from face of column (cl 3.7.7.2)
Design shear stress;

vpuA1.5d = VpuA1.5deff / (upA1.5d d) = 0.284 N/mm2

From BS 8110:Part 1:1997 - Table 3.8

Design concrete shear stress;

vc = 0.79 N/mm2 min(3, [100 (As_xB_prov / (B dx) + As_yB_prov / (L

dy)) / 2]1/3) max((800 mm / (dx + dy))1/4, 0.67) (min(fcu / 1 N/mm2, 40)
/ 25)1/3 / 1.25 = 0.527 N/mm2

Allowable design shear stress;

vmax = min(0.8N/mm2 (fcu / 1 N/mm2), 5 N/mm2) = 4.382 N/mm2

PASS - vpuA1.5d < vc - No shear reinforcement required

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7 No. 12 dia. bars btm (150 c/c)

18 No. 12 dia. bars btm (150 c/c)

Shear at d from column face
Punching shear perimeter at 1.5 d from column face

Date