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5th Class Computers

Computer is an electronic machine that accepts data as input, processes it, and provides results as output. The central processing unit (CPU) is the brain of the computer and contains the arithmetic logic unit (ALU) for calculations, control unit for coordination, and memory unit for storage. Memory is used to store information and data and comes in two types - primary memory like RAM that provides quick access for the CPU, and secondary storage like hard disks for long-term storage.

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1K views3 pages

5th Class Computers

Computer is an electronic machine that accepts data as input, processes it, and provides results as output. The central processing unit (CPU) is the brain of the computer and contains the arithmetic logic unit (ALU) for calculations, control unit for coordination, and memory unit for storage. Memory is used to store information and data and comes in two types - primary memory like RAM that provides quick access for the CPU, and secondary storage like hard disks for long-term storage.

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mujju433
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We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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In this chapter we will study about Computer, parts

Memory, Storage devices, Measuring memory units.

of computer, CPU,

What is Computer ?
It is an electronic machine which accepts data, processes it and gives the
results.
Organization of computer
CPU( Central Processing unit): It is the brain of a computer, without the CPU
the computer cannot work.
CPU consists of ALU, CU, Memory unit
ALU
Arithmetic calculations are performed using the Arithmetic /Logic Unit or ALU
The Arithmetic/Logic Unit (ALU) is capable of performing basic arithmetic
operations such as adding, subtracting, multiplying, and dividing two
numbers.
Show with an example for normal addition and normal subtraction
Like 2+3=5, 2+1=3 will be done in this section
Control unit: It is a part of a computer's central processing unit (CPU) that
tells the computer's memory, Arithmetic/logic unit and input/output devices
how to respond to a program's instruction.
It manages and coordinates all the units of a computer, It doesnt process or
store the data.
Input devices: It allows people to supply information to the computer for
example
Keyboard is an input device, Mouse is an input device, Scanner , Microphone
all these are input devices
Using keyboard we are typing something on the computer which has become
an input device, Similarly using mouse we are pointing certain objects , etc,
using scanner we are scanning our photo , using microphone we are
speaking

Output devices: It allows people to accept certain information from the


Computer or it is the hardware device that is used to give the results of
processed data,
Example: Monitor, Printer
Monitor or Printer is the output device because we can print the data or we
can see the result on a screen which is an output to the user.
Memory or Storage unit:
Memory is for storing the information or a data, It is just like a human brain,
Suppose for example I want to store your details like Annu mannu is studying
in class 3rd and his roll number is 25, and he has written an exam on 25th
and results are awaiting. All these information can be stored in the memory.
It is also called as Internal storage or Main memory or Primary storage or
RAM ( Random Access Memory)

Primary Memory :
It is the area in a computer in which data is stored for quick access by the
computer's processor. A computer wont be able to run without this memory.
RAM and ROM are electronic chips fitted on the motherboard. They can be directly accessed
by the CPU.

IT is divided in to two parts:


RAM

PROM
It is Programmable Read only Memory, They are a type of ROM (Read-only
Memory) meaning the data in them is permanent and cannot be changed.
PROMs are used in digital electronic devices to store permanent data
EPROM

It is an Erasable Programmable Memory. It is non volatile ( means when the


power is shut down the contents of a memory is not lost). Once programmed,
an EPROM can be erased by exposing it to strong ultraviolet light source.

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