Petroleum Engineering 663

Formation Evaluation and the Analysis of Reservoir Performance

Summer 2015 Syllabus and Administrative Procedures
Course Instructor/Supervisor: (Classroom: RICH 313
Modules 1&2: T/Th
12:00-13:50 (02 Jun - 10 Jul)
Module 3:
T/Th/F 20:00-21:30 (23 Jul - 07 Aug)
(Petroleum Geoscience)
Dr. Walter Ayers
Tel. (979) 458-0721
Office: Rm. 401M RICH
Office Hours: tba/appointment
e-mail: [email protected]

(Formation Evaluation)
Dr. David Schechter
Tel. (979) 845-2275
Office: Rm. 610 RICH
Office Hours: tba/appointment
e-mail: [email protected]

(Analysis of Reservoir Performance)

Dr. Tom Blasingame
Tel. (979) 845-2292
Office: 821A RICH
Office Hours: tba/appointment
e-mail: [email protected]

Teaching Assistant: Raul Gonzalez, email: [email protected]

Text Materials:
Petroleum Geosciences (Ayers)
Morton-Thompson & Woods, eds.: Dev. Geol. Manual, 1992, AAPG, Tulsa [ISBN: 0891816607]
Selley, R.C., 1998, Elements of Petro. Geology, 2nd Edition, Academic Press [ISBN: 978-0126363708]
All assigned reading will be provided in ecampus as .pdf files

(Optional)
(Optional)

Formation Evaluation (Schechter) (.pdf reading will be provided from Halliburton Manual)
Openhole Log Analysis and Formation Evaluation, Bateman, R.M. Society of Petroleum Engineers, ISBN 978-161399-156-5 (useful to purchase or borrow, but is optional)
Analysis of Reservoir Performance (Blasingame)
Lee, W.J., Rollins, J.B., and Spivey, J.P.: Pres. Transient Testing, SPE (2003) [ISBN: 978-1-55563-099-7] (Optional)
Lee, W.J., and Wattenbarger, R.A: Gas Reservoir Engineering, SPE (1996)
[ISBN: 978-1-55563-073-7] (Optional)
Most (if not all) assigned reading will be provided as .pdf files.
Reference Materials: Will be handed out or placed on an accessible website as needed.
1. Reference notes.
2. Journal articles.
3. Presentation materials.
Basis for Grade: (components given as percentage of total grade average)
Geology:
Formation Evaluation:
Reservoir Performance:

Hwk/Quizzes/Projects (13.3333 percent), Exam 1 (20 percent) ....................... 33.33 percent

Hwk/Quizzes/Projects (13.3333 percent), Exam 2 (20 percent) ....................... 33.33 percent
Hwk/Quizzes/Projects/Exam (33.3333 percent) ............................................. 33.33 percent
Total = 100.00 percent

Grade Cutoffs: (Percentages)

A: < 90

B: 89.99 to 80

C: 79.99 to 70

D: 69.99 to 60 F: < 59.99

Policies and Procedures:

1. Students are expected to attend class every session. Resident (not Distance Learning students) are REQUIRED to
attend class every session. Distance Learning students are expected review lecture materials within 24 hours of the
lecture being given. This is not a casual requirement, penalties can and will be assigned for missing class.
2. Always bring your textbook, notes, homework problems, and calculator to class.
3. Homework and other assignments will be given at the lecture session. All work shall be done in an acceptable
engineering manner; work done shall be as complete as possible. Assignments are due as stated. Late assignments
will receive a grade of zero.
4. Policy on Grading
a. It shall be the general policy for this class that homework and exams shall be graded on the basis of answers only
partial credit, if given, is given solely at the discretion of the instructor.
b. All work requiring calculations shall be properly and completely documented for credit.
c. All grading shall be done by the instructor, or under his supervision, and the decision of the instructor is final.
5. Policy on Regrading
a. Only in very rare cases will exams be considered for regrading; e.g., when the total number of points deducted is
not consistent with the assigned grade. Partial credit (if any) is not subject to appeal.
b. Work which, while correct, cannot be followed, will be considered incorrect and will not be considered for a
grade change.
c. Grades assigned to homework problems will not be considered for regrading.
d. If regrading is necessary, the student is to submit a letter to the instructor explaining the situation that requires
consideration for regrading and the material to be regraded must be attached to this letter. The letter and attached
material must be received within one week from the date returned.

Petroleum Engineering 663

Formation Evaluation and the Analysis of Reservoir Performance
Summer 2015 Syllabus and Administrative Procedures (Continued)
Policies and Procedures: (Continued)
6. The grade for a late assignment is zero. Homework will be considered late if it is not turned in at the start of class on
the due date. If a student comes to class after homework has been turned in and after class has begun, the student's
homework will be considered late and given a grade of zero. Late or not, all assignments must be turned in. A
course grade of Incomplete will be given if any assignment is missing, and this grade will be changed only after all
required work has been submitted.
7. Each student should review the University Regulations concerning attendance, grades, and scholastic dishonesty. In
particular, anyone caught cheating on an examination or collaborating on an assignment where collaboration is not
specifically allowed will be removed from the class roster and given an F (failure grade) in the course.
Specifically, you are NOT AUTHORIZED to collaborate any individual assignment, exam, quiz, etc.; this includes
discussions, sharing materials, etc. You are expressly FORBIDDEN from such actions on any and all assignments.
You are only permitted to collaborate on assignments if the instructor specifically authorizes such collaborations, and
then for only for the assignment where such collaboration is authorized. Failure to abide by this guideline will invoke
an F (failure grade) in the course or on the assignment, at the discretion of the instructor, based on the severity of the
infraction.

Petroleum Engineering 663

Formation Evaluation and the Analysis of Reservoir Performance
Summer 2015 Course Objectives
Course Description
The purpose of this course is to provide the student with a working knowledge of the current methodologies used in
geological description/analysis, formation evaluation (the analysis/interpretation of well log data), and the analysis of
well performance data (the design/analysis/interpretation of well test and production data). The overall course objective
is to provide the student with the ability to assess field performance and to optimize hydrocarbon recovery by
analyzing/interpreting/integrating geologic, well log, and well performance data.
Course Objectives
The student should be able to perform the tasks given below for each course module.
Course Module 1: Petroleum Geosciences (Ayers)
Identify components of a petroleum system; name and describe the organic sources of hydrocarbons.
Describe the processes of thermal maturation, primary and secondary migration, and hydrocarbon trapping; name and
describe 2 types of self-sourcing reservoirs.
Describe the origin and significance of structural features, including folds, fractures, and traps; describe unconformities;
describe the methods and tools used for structural evaluations and modeling.
Explain and give examples of in-situ stress effects on absolute permeability and permeability anisotropy.
Characterize clastic and carbonate reservoirs by describing the geometry, orientation, and continuity of sedimentary facies
and their relations to flow units and reservoir quality.
List examples of diagenetic effects on clastic and carbonate reservoir quality.
Describe porosity-permeability relations in clastic and carbonate reservoirs; give examples of scalar effects on permeability
determination.
Explain/describe stratigraphic traps.
Describe the methods, tools, and workflow for developing a reservoir model.

Course Module 2: Formation Evaluation (Schechter)

Describe and explain determination of static original oil in place (volumetric OOIP) from open-hole logging:
Logging operations surface and downhole equipment (very brief).
Describe logging operation procedures.
Explain how to read a basic open-hole log from a standard triple combo tool.
Calculate volumetric estimate of original fluids in place from log example.
Explain and apply the principles of operation and interpretation of the following logs:
Gamma Ray: demonstrate calculation of Vshale, determine gamma ray response for common rocks
Spontaneous Potential: demonstrate calculation of Vshale, calculation of formation water resistivity, Rw
Sonic: calculate sonic porosity, describe Rwa technique
Neutron Density: describe gas and shale effect, determine neutron density crossplot porosity, determine lithology from
neutron-density cross plot
Resistivity: describe resistivity measurements in terms of invasion diameter
Analysis and application of all porosity cross-plots
Shallow, intermediate and deep resistivity
Ordering of resistivity curves
Oil-water contact and transition zone concepts
Capillary pressure and relative permeability concepts
Mineral identification plots
Apply the following techniques to calculate water saturation:
Archies empirical equation
Analysis of Archies law parameters (m, n, Rw, RT, a, )
Pickett plot
Shaly sand analysis
Course Module 3: Analysis of Reservoir Performance (Blasingame)
Pressure Transient Analysis: (PTA)
Derive and apply the analysis and interpretation methodologies for pressure drawdown and pressure buildup tests for
liquid, gas, and multiphase flow systems (i.e., "conventional" plots and type curve analysis)
Apply dimensionless solutions ("type curves") and field variable solutions ("specialized plots") for the following cases:
Unfractured and fractured wells in infinite and finite-acting, homogeneous and dual porosity reservoirs.
Variable-rate convolution (specialized plots).
Pseudopressure and pseudotime concepts for the analysis of well test data for dry gas reservoir systems.
Production Analysis: (PA)
(Time-Rate) Perform "Decline Curve Analysis" (DCA) to estimate reserves and predict future performance.
(Time-Rate-Pressure) Perform "model-based analysis" to estimate reservoir properties and reserves.
Demonstrate the capability to integrate, analyze, and interpret well test and production data to characterize a reservoir in
terms of reservoir properties and performance potential (field study project).

Petroleum Engineering 663

Formation Evaluation and the Analysis of Reservoir Performance
Summer 2015 Tentative Course Schedule (may be revised)
Date

Topic

Reading

Module 1: Petroleum Geosciences (Ayers) Assignments, homework and reading materials will be posted in ecampus
June

June

02
04
09
11
16

T
Th
T
Th
T

18

Th

(Geol) Introduction; petrol. systems; source rocks; therm. mature; HC migration

(Geol) Geologic time and principles, trapping mech; seals; struct. styles and features
(Geol) Structural assessment and traps; folds and fractures; unconformities
(Geol) Geophysical methods in petroleum evaluation
(Geol) Res. Characterization; stratigraphic analysis; clastic and carbonate
depositional systems; stratigraphic traps
(Geol) Reservoir properties and diagenesis

18

Th

(Online examination to be assigned 18 June; due date 11 p.m., 22 June)

WebCT, pdf
WebCT, pdf
WebCT, pdf
WebCT, pdf
WebCT, pdf
WebCT, pdf

Module 2: Formation Evaluation (Schechter)

June
June
July

July

23
25
30
02
07

T
Th
T
Th
T

09
10

Th
F

(FrmEvl) Logging procedures and format; How to read a log:

(FrmEvl) SP and GR: Determination of Rw and Vsh; Acoustic tools
(FrmEvl) Crossplots I Porosity, lithology-related functions
(FrmEvl) Resistivity methods I Principles
(FrmEvl) Resistivity methods II Advanced measurements;
Crossplots II Saturation-related functions
(FrmEvl) Shaly-sand evaluation Causes and effects; interpretation

Halliburton pdf TBA

Halliburton pdf TBA
Halliburton pdf TBA
Halliburton pdf TBA
Halliburton pdf TBA
Halliburton pdf TBA
Halliburton pdf TBA

(Online examination to be assigned 10 July; due date 11 p.m., 14 July)

Module 3: Analysis of Reservoir Performance (Blasingame)

(Note: Blasingame is unavailable until 23 Jul 2015 due to the 2015 URTeC (http://urtec.org/2015) students are encouraged to attend)
July

August

23
24
28
30
31
04
06
07

Th
F
T
Th
F
T
Th
F

August 09 S

(ResPrf) Reservoir Engineering: Basics, Petrophysics, PVT

.pdf materials (Blasingame)
(ResPrf) Reservoir Engineering: Material Balance, Introduction to PTA
.pdf materials (Blasingame)
(ResPrf) Pressure Transient Analysis: "Conventional" Analyses
.pdf materials (Blasingame)
(ResPrf) Pressure Transient Analysis: "Type Curve" Analyses
.pdf materials (Blasingame)
(ResPrf) Production Analysis: History, Basic Concepts, Simple Time-Rate Analysis .pdf materials (Blasingame)
(ResPrf) Production Analysis: Historical & Modern Time-Rate ("Decline") Analyses .pdf materials (Blasingame)
(ResPrf) Production Analysis: Time-Rate-Pressure ("RTA") Analyses
.pdf materials (Blasingame)
(ResPrf) Module Review and Closure (discussion of remaining work/preparation for Module 3 examination)

(Online examination to be assigned 09 August; due date 11 p.m., 11 August)

There is no comprehensive final examination for this course the timeslot for the final examination will be used as the final due
date for assignments related to the Analysis of Reservoir Performance (Module 3).

Petroleum Engineering 663

Formation Evaluation and the Analysis of Reservoir Performance
Summer 2015 Required University Statements (Texas A&M University)
Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) Statement:
The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) is a federal anti-discrimination statute that provides comprehensive civil
rights protection for persons with disabilities. Among other things, this legislation requires that all students with
disabilities be guaranteed a learning environment that provides for reasonable accommodation of their disabilities. If
you believe you have a disability requiring an accommodation, please contact the Department of Student Life,
Services for Students with Disabilities in Room B118 of Cain Hall, or call 845-1637.
Aggie Honor Code: (http://www.tamu.edu/aggiehonor/)
"An Aggie does not lie, cheat or steal, or tolerate those who do."
Definitions of Academic Misconduct:
1. CHEATING: Intentionally using or attempting to use unauthorized materials, information, notes, study aids or
other devices or materials in any academic exercise.
2. FABRICATION: Making up data or results, and recording or reporting them; submitting fabricated
documents.
3. FALSIFICATION: Manipulating research materials, equipment or processes, or changing or omitting data or
results such that the research is not accurately represented in the research record.
4. MULTIPLE SUBMISSION: Submitting substantial portions of the same work (including oral reports) for
credit more than once without authorization from the instructor of the class for which the student submits the
work.
5. PLAGIARISM: The appropriation of another person's ideas, processes, results, or words without giving
appropriate credit.
6. COMPLICITY: Intentionally or knowingly helping, or attempting to help, another to commit an act of
academic dishonesty.
7. ABUSE AND MISUSE OF ACCESS AND UNAUTHORIZED ACCESS: Students may not abuse or misuse
computer access or gain unauthorized access to information in any academic exercise. See Student Rule 22:
http://student-rules.tamu.edu/
8. VIOLATION OF DEPARTMENTAL OR COLLEGE RULES: Students may not violate any announced
departmental or college rule relating to academic matters.
9. UNIVERSITY RULES ON RESEARCH: Students involved in conducting research and/or scholarly activities
at Texas A&M University must also adhere to standards set forth in University Rule 15.99.03.M1 Responsible Conduct in Research and Scholarship. For additional information please see:
http://rules.tamu.edu/urules/100/159903m1.htm.
Plagiarism Statement:
The materials used in this course are copyrighted. These materials include but are not limited to syllabi, quizzes,
exams, lab problems, in-class materials, review sheets, and additional problem sets. Because these materials are
copyrighted, you do not have the right to copy the handouts, unless permission is expressly granted.
As commonly defined, plagiarism consists of passing off as one's own the ideas, words, writings, etc., which belong
to another. In accordance with this definition, you are committing plagiarism if you copy the work of another person
and turn it in as your own, even is you should have the permission of that person. Plagiarism is one of the worst
academic sins, for the plagiarist destroys the trust among colleagues without which research cannot be safely
communicated.
If you have any questions regarding plagiarism, please consult the latest issue of the Texas A&M University Student
Rules, http://student-rules.tamu.edu, under the section "Scholastic Dishonesty."