Lubrication: Necessity of Lubrication Lubricating Points

Roller Chains for Power Transmission
Maintenance
Maintenance
Roller Chains for

Power Transmission
Lubrication
Necessity of lubrication
Lubricating points
In a roller chain transmission, even if the chain and

sprockets are designed to suit the service conditions,
poor lubrication inhibits maintaining performance and life
to design specifications. In the case of a roller chain, the
wear loss caused under proper lubrication is dramatically
different from that caused without it. Troubles caused due
to insufficient lubrication include the wear of pins and
bushings, rough engagement with the sprockets,
increased noise, and breakage as a result of prolonged
undesirable conditions. Proper lubrication is very
important. Requirements of lubrication and the effects of
proper lubrication are listed below.
If the chain is immersed in an oil bath, oil penetrates every

part of the chain. In the case of manual lubrication, brush
lubrication or drip lubrication, ensure that the oil
sufficiently penetrates the portions of q and w in the
following illustration.
Requirements of lubrication
Selection of lubricant
Lubricating points
Lubrication type
(lubricating method,
lubrication intervals,
amount of lubrication)
Lubricating points
qBetween outer links and inner links (for prevention of elongation)
wBetween bushings and inner plates (for noise reduction and
protection against wear and impact damage on bushings and rollers.)
Effects of proper lubrication

The wear of frictional portions is
decreased.
Power loss is decreased.
Seizure is prevented.
Frictional heat is decreased.
Generated heat is eliminated.
Ensure smooth operation and
extends machine life.
Pin
Roller
Bushing
Inner plate
Outer plate
Simplex roller chain
Selection of lubricant
Select the lubricant of a roller chain in reference to the
lubrication type (P.133), ambient temperature and chain
No., according to the following table.
Lubricant should be a mineral oil of good quality. It is
important that the lubricant contains no dust or foreign
substance. Never use waste oil. If the ambient
temperature is extremely low (-10C or lower) or high
(+60C or higher), a specific oil is necessary. In this case,
please consult our engineering department.
Atmospheric temperature 10
DID 25DID 50
DID 60DID 80
DID 100
DID 120DID 240
Lubricate on the sag side of the chain, i.e., at the position

indicated in the following illustration. Since the lubricant
is also useful for rust prevention, coating the entire
surface of the chain with the oil is recommended.
Oil
A, B
Type of lubrication
Chain No.
Duplex roller chain
40
4050
5060
SAE10W
SAE20
SAE30
SAE40
SAE20
SAE30
SAE40
SAE30
SAE40
SAE50
SAE50
10
40
4050
5060
SAE10W
SAE20
SAE30
SAE40
SAE20
SAE30
SAE40
SAE50
Special kind of lubricant must be applied when ambient temperature is -10C or lower or 60C or higher. Please consult us for appropriate selection of lubricant.
Lubrication type
Name and method
Lubrication intervals and amount
Caution
Lubricator
Brush
Carry out periodical using

a lubricator or brush at
least once a day.
While rotating the chain

slowly, lubricate the entire
length uniformly three to
four times. Take care not
to allow your hand or
clothes to be caught by the
chain during lubrication.
Note that extra oil will be
scattered
when
the
operation is started.
Drip lubrication
Supply about 5 to 20
drops of oil per minute.
In this case, since extra

oil is scattered, installing
a simple casing is
recommended.
Oil bath lubrication
Keep the chain immersed

in oil, about 10 mm below
the oil surface. If immersion
is too deep, the oil will
become abnormally hot.
The container should be

leak proof. Before using
the container for the first
time, thoroughly wash the
inside to remove dust and
other foreign substance.
Use DID
chain lube
(see P.114).
B
Disk lubrication
A disk is used to apply oil

to the chain. Keep the disk
immersed in oil, at a depth
of about 20 mm. Keep the
peripheral speed higher
than 200 m/ min.
Disk
Forced feed lubrication

Chain case
C
Pump
The amount of lubrication

must be set to avoid
abnormal heating. In
general, the oil amount
should be set at a level
not to allow the chain high
temperature over 60C.
The oil container should

be leak proof. When using
the container for the first
time, thoroughly wash the
inside to remove all dust
and foreign substance.
Roller Chains for

Power Transmission
The allowable kilowatt ratings of chains shown in table of the drive performance (kW ratings) is based on the condition
that any of the following lubrication is adopted. If any of the following lubrication cannot be adopted or in
circumstances where earth, sand or dust exists, see the DID Ultimate Life Chain Series (see P.64).
Maintenance
Lubrication types (Explanation of A, B and C in the tables of Drive performance (kW ratings)
Maintenance
Roller Chains for

Power Transmission
Roller Chains for Power Transmission
Maintenance
General cautions for lubrication

Unless proper lubrication is carried out, chain fatigue will
result earlier, causing various problems. Careful
inspection is necessary.
In the case of insufficient lubrication
If the lubricant is exhausted, red rust is generated between
the inner and outer plates, causing wear drastically. When a
chain is disassembled after going under such condition, red
rust is visible on the surfaces
of pins, and the surfaces are
roughened, as shown in this
photo. (Normally, pins have a
mirror surface.) The lubricant
must be applied before this
happens.
Before lubrication, remove foreign substances and dirt

from the chain as thoroughly as possible. If water is used
for washing the chain, quickly dry it to prevent rusting,
and then lubricate.
In the case of drip lubrication, oil bath lubrication or forced feed lubrication
Check the following:
1. The lubricant is not dirty.
2. The amount of lubricant is correct.
3. Lubricant is uniformly applied to the chain.
Cautions
Dust contamination must be avoided to maintain wear

resistance. If temperature rises abnormally or the chain
squeaks, the oil may be exhausted. Check to verify the
condition.
Do not use grease for lubrication !!

Do not use grease to lubricate your chains, since grease
takes too long to reach the inside through pins and
bushings at ambient temperature. Use the machine oil
shown in the table on P.132 or DID Chain Lube/DID HIPWR Lube (a spray lubricant).
Troubleshooting Guide
Trouble
A pin, bushing
or roller is
fractured.
Note: See
"Fracture patterns
of respective chain
components" on
P.136.
Possible cause
Correction
High speed revolution exceeding the

tolerance of chain and sprockets
Decelerate the speed, or select a chain with a smaller pitch. Otherwise, select a
sprocket with a larger number of teeth. Refer to the details of "Selection by
Drive Performance (kilowatt ratings)" (P.120).
Sudden large shock load
Avoid shock load as much as possible. Install a damper, etc., to damp the shock load.
Improper lubrication
Periodically supply the correct lubricant. Spray type chain oil "DID Chain Lube"
is recommended.
Corrosion of chain
Check the service circumstances and lubrication condition, and select a proper chain.
Wear of sprocket
Replace it with a new one. Use a sprocket conforming to the correct standard
dimensions.
Seized foreign substances
Immediately remove the foreign substances, and strictly control the service circumstances.
Chain is excessively tensioned or

sagged.
Pay constant attention to the chain sag. Correct by adjusting it according to the
procedure stated in "Sag adjustment of roller chain" (P.131).
Incorrect alignment of sprockets
Check the alignment between both the large and small sprockets.
Large wear elongation of chain or wear

of sprocket
Replace chains that are elongated beyond the tolerance and worn sprockets
with new ones.
Incorrect installation of chain case
If the chain contacts the chain case, immediately correct and adjust.
Improper lubrication
Lubricate properly and periodically. (See "Lubrication types" (P.133).
Improper combination of chain and

sprockets
When replacing the chain, use the correct chain size and sprocket sizes. Select
a chain suitable for sprocket sizes, and sprockets suitable for the chain size.
(Especially be alert when replacing HK Series multiplex chain.)
Abnormal noise

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Roller Chains for Power Transmission

Roller Chains for

In a roller chain transmission, even if the chain and

If the chain is immersed in an oil bath, oil penetrates every

Effects of proper lubrication

Simplex roller chain

Lubricate on the sag side of the chain, i.e., at the position

Duplex roller chain

Name and method

Lubrication intervals and amount

Carry out periodical using

While rotating the chain

In this case, since extra

Oil bath lubrication

Keep the chain immersed

The container should be

A disk is used to apply oil

Forced feed lubrication

The amount of lubrication

The oil container should

Roller Chains for

Roller Chains for

Roller Chains for Power Transmission

General cautions for lubrication

Before lubrication, remove foreign substances and dirt

Dust contamination must be avoided to maintain wear

Do not use grease for lubrication !!

High speed revolution exceeding the

Sudden large shock load

Seized foreign substances

Chain is excessively tensioned or

Incorrect alignment of sprockets

Large wear elongation of chain or wear

Incorrect installation of chain case

Lubricate properly and periodically. (See "Lubrication types" (P.133).

Improper combination of chain and

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