PROGRAMMING MANUAL

2 SIMPLE APPLICATION CONTROLLER

2 Simple Application Controllers

Foreword
This manual contains text, diagrams and explanations which will guide the reader in the correct
programming and operation of the 2 series controller.
Before attempting to install or use the 2 Series Controller this manual should be read and
understood.
If in doubt at any stage of the installation of the 2 Series Controller always consult a
professional electrical engineer who is qualified and trained to local and national standards
which apply to the installation site.
If in doubt about the operation or use of the 2 Series Controller please consult the nearest
Mitsubishi Electric distributor.
Under no circumstances will Mitsubishi Electric be liable or responsible for any consequential
damage that may arise as a result of the installation or use of this equipment.
All examples and diagrams shown in this manual are intended only as an aid to understanding
the text, not to guarantee operation. Mitsubishi Electric will accept no responsibility for actual
use of the product based on these illustrative examples.
Please contact a Mitsubishi Electric distributor for more information concerning applications in
life critical situations or high reliability.
This manual is subject to change without notice.

This manual confers no industrial property rights or any rights of any other kind, nor does it
confer any patent licenses. Mitsubishi Electric Corporation cannot be held responsible for any
problems involving industrial property rights which may occur as a result of using the contents
noted in this manual.

2005 MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC CORPORATION

2 Simple Application Controllers

2 SIMPLE APPLICATION
CONTROLLERS

PROGRAMMING MANUAL

Manual number : JY992D97101

Manual revision : C
Date

: Aug. 2005

2 Simple Application Controllers

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2 Simple Application Controllers

Guidelines for the safety of the user and protection of

controllers

2 Simple Application

This manual provides information for the use of 2 Simple Application controllers. The manual
has been written to be used by trained and competent personnel. The definition of such a
person or persons is as follows;
a) Any engineer who is responsible for the planning, design and construction of automatic
equipment using the product associated with this manual should be of a competent
nature, trained and qualified to the local and national standards required to fulfill that
role. These engineers should be fully aware of all aspects of safety with regards to
automated equipment.
b) Any commissioning or service engineer must be of a competent nature, trained and
qualified to the local and national standards required to fulfill that job. These engineers
should also be trained in the use and maintenance of the completed product. This
includes being completely familiar with all associated documentation for the said product.
All maintenance should be carried out in accordance with established safety practices.
c) All operators of the completed equipment (see Note) should be trained to use this
product in a safe manner in compliance to established safety practices. The operators
should also be familiar with documentation which is associated with the operation of the
completed equipment.
Note : Note: the term completed equipment refers to a third party constructed device which
contains or uses the product associated with this manual.
Notes on the Symbols Used in this Manual
At various times throughout this manual certain symbols will be used to highlight points of
information which are intended to ensure the users personal safety and protect the integrity of
equipment. Whenever any of the following symbols are encountered its associated note must
be read and understood. Each of the symbols used will now be listed with a brief description of
its meaning.
Hardware warnings
1 ) Indicates that the identified danger WILL cause physical and property damage.

2 ) Indicates that the identified danger could POSSIBLY cause physical and property
damage.
3 ) Indicates a point of further interest or further explanation.
Software warning
4 ) Indicates special care must be taken when using this element of software.

5 ) Indicates a special point which the user of the associate software element should
be aware of.
6 ) Indicates a point of interest or further explanation.

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2 Simple Application Controllers

iv

2 Simple Application Controllers

Table of Contents
Safety Guidelines ................................................................................ iii
1. Introduction ............................................................................... 1-1
1.1 Special Features of the Controller ........................................................ 1-1
1.2 Model Name .......................................................................................... 1-2

2. Function Block Programming .................................................... 2-1

2.1 Block Type and the FBD base .............................................................. 2-1
2.1.1 Inputs ........................................................................................... 2-2
2.1.2 Front Panel Keys .......................................................................... 2-2
2.1.3 System Memory Bits .................................................................... 2-3
2.1.4 Function Blocks ............................................................................ 2-3
2.1.5 Outputs ........................................................................................ 2-4
2.1.6 Function Block Diagram (FBD) base ............................................ 2-4
2.2 Programming Methods .......................................................................... 2-5
2.2.1 Direct Programming ..................................................................... 2-5
2.2.2 AL-PCS/WIN-E Programming Software Ver 2.40 and upwards ... 2-5

3. System Menu ............................................................................ 3-1

3.1 Menu Options Instructions .................................................................... 3-1
3.2 The Stop Mode ..................................................................................... 3-2
3.2.1 Top Menu ..................................................................................... 3-2
3.2.2 The Others... ............................................................................... 3-4
3.3 The Run Mode Top Menu ................................................................... 3-10
3.4 The Edit Menu ..................................................................................... 3-15
3.5 The Function Block Edit Menu ............................................................ 3-15
3.6 Option Screen Setup ........................................................................... 3-16
3.6.1 ProgEdit ..................................................................................... 3-16
3.6.2 Change the Language Setting ................................................... 3-16
3.6.3 ClockSET ................................................................................... 3-16
3.6.4 RadioClock - DCF77 Decoding .................................................. 3-17
3.6.5 SummerTime .............................................................................. 3-18
3.6.6 DispPass .................................................................................... 3-19
3.6.7 Password ................................................................................... 3-20
3.6.8 Enhanced User Program Protection (Version 2.20 or later) ....... 3-20
3.6.9 Serial Com ................................................................................. 3-22
3.6.10 Memory cassette ...................................................................... 3-23
3.6.11 Analog Inputs ........................................................................... 3-24
3.7 LCD Displays ...................................................................................... 3-25
3.7.1 Image Table ............................................................................... 3-25
3.7.2 LCD Function ............................................................................. 3-25

2 Series Applications Controller

3.8 Block Items ......................................................................................... 3-26
3.8.1 Input Blocks ............................................................................... 3-26
3.8.2 Function Blocks .......................................................................... 3-26
3.8.3 Output Blocks ............................................................................. 3-26
3.8.4 Connected Blocks ...................................................................... 3-26

4. Direct Programming .................................................................. 4-1

4.1 Block Availability ................................................................................... 4-1
4.2 Connecting Blocks ................................................................................ 4-1
4.2.1 To connect the blocks from the left (signal provider) block to
right (signal receiver) block. ......................................................... 4-1
4.2.2 To connect the blocks from the right (signal receiver) block to
left (signal provider) block. ........................................................... 4-2
4.3 Disconnect Two Blocks ......................................................................... 4-2
4.4 Methods to Create a Function Block ..................................................... 4-3
4.4.1 New FB ........................................................................................ 4-3
4.4.2 AddFB .......................................................................................... 4-3
4.5 Function Block Editing .......................................................................... 4-3
4.5.1 Setup Function Block ................................................................... 4-3
4.5.2 Change No. (of a Function Block) ................................................ 4-3
4.5.3 Delete FB ..................................................................................... 4-3
4.6 Movement between Function Blocks .................................................... 4-4
4.6.1 Movement Between Unconnected Blocks .................................... 4-4
4.6.2 Movement Between Connected Blocks ....................................... 4-4
4.6.3 The Jump Command .................................................................... 4-4
4.7 Using Keys as Inputs ............................................................................ 4-4
4.8 The Monitor Mode ................................................................................. 4-5
4.8.1 Monitor/Update Function Block Values ........................................ 4-5
4.8.2 Forcing Outputs ON/OFF ............................................................. 4-6
4.8.3 Add/Delete Function Blocks in the Monitor Mode ........................ 4-6

5. The Logic Function Blocks ........................................................ 5-1

5.1 The AND Block ..................................................................................... 5-2
5.2 The OR Block ........................................................................................ 5-3
5.3 The NOT Block ..................................................................................... 5-4
5.4 The XOR Block (Exclusive OR) ............................................................ 5-4
5.5 The NAND Block (Not AND) ................................................................. 5-5
5.6 The NOR Block (Not OR) ...................................................................... 5-6

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2 Series Applications Controller

6. Function Blocks ......................................................................... 6-1

6.1 Definitions ............................................................................................. 6-7
6.2 Abbreviations ........................................................................................ 6-7
6.3 Boolean block ....................................................................................... 6-8
6.4 Set/Reset Block .................................................................................. 6-10
6.5 Pulse Block ......................................................................................... 6-12
6.6 Alternate Block .................................................................................... 6-14
6.7 Delay Block ......................................................................................... 6-15
6.8 One Shot Block ................................................................................... 6-17
6.9 Flicker Block ........................................................................................ 6-19
6.10 TimeSW Block .................................................................................. 6-22
6.10.1 Setting the First Time Switch ................................................... 6-22
6.10.2 For the Date operation: ............................................................ 6-23
6.10.3 For the Weekly Operation: ....................................................... 6-23
6.10.4 To Enter New Time Switches ................................................... 6-23
6.10.5 To Edit Time Switches ............................................................. 6-24
6.10.6 To Delete Time Switch Data .................................................... 6-24
6.11 Counter Block ................................................................................... 6-25
6.12 Up/Down Counter Block .................................................................... 6-26
6.13 Compare Block ................................................................................. 6-28
6.14 Analog Output ................................................................................... 6-30
6.15 OFFSET Block .................................................................................. 6-33
6.16 Display Block .................................................................................... 6-36
6.16.1 Displaying Data Onscreen ....................................................... 6-36
6.16.2 Editing Data Onscreen ............................................................. 6-37
6.17 Zone Compare Block ........................................................................ 6-40
6.18 Schmitt Trigger Block ........................................................................ 6-42
6.19 Hour Meter Block .............................................................................. 6-45
6.20 Speed Detect Block .......................................................................... 6-47
6.21 Pulse Width Modulation .................................................................... 6-52
6.22 PID Block .......................................................................................... 6-54
6.22.1 Parameter List and PID Details. ............................................... 6-55
6.22.2 Setting the Input Values, SV and PV ....................................... 6-57
6.22.3 Setting the Function Block Parameters .................................... 6-57
6.22.4 Limiting the Manipulated Value ................................................ 6-60
6.22.5 Setting KP, TI, and TD with Auto-tuning .................................. 6-61
6.22.6 PID Troubleshooting ................................................................ 6-62
6.22.7 Error Codes .............................................................................. 6-63
6.23 Retentive Alternate Block .................................................................. 6-68
6.24 Addition Block ................................................................................... 6-69
6.25 Subtraction Block .............................................................................. 6-70
6.26 Multiplication Block ........................................................................... 6-71
6.27 Division Block .................................................................................... 6-72
6.28 Calculation Block .............................................................................. 6-73
6.29 Shift Block ......................................................................................... 6-75

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2 Series Applications Controller

6.30 GSM/SMS Block ............................................................................... 6-77
6.30.1 Input Signal .............................................................................. 6-79
6.30.2 Output Signal ........................................................................... 6-79
6.30.3 Word Output ............................................................................. 6-79
6.30.4 Short Message Service (SMS) ................................................ 6-80
6.30.5 Comment/Signal Number ......................................................... 6-80
6.30.6 Setting ...................................................................................... 6-80
6.30.7 Destination ............................................................................... 6-80
6.30.8 SMS Setting Dialog Box ........................................................... 6-81
6.30.9 SMS Service Center ................................................................ 6-81
6.30.10 Valid Period ............................................................................ 6-81
6.30.11 Destination ............................................................................. 6-81
6.30.12 Error Messages ...................................................................... 6-82
6.31 Short Message Receiving Block ....................................................... 6-88
6.31.1 Authentication and Security ..................................................... 6-90
6.31.2 SM Commands ........................................................................ 6-91
6.31.3 Report Short Message Handling .............................................. 6-92
6.32 Call Detect Block ............................................................................... 6-94
6.32.1 Number of RING ...................................................................... 6-95
6.33 Random One Shot Block .................................................................. 6-96
6.34 Delayed One Shot Block ................................................................... 6-98
6.35 Delayed Alternate Block .................................................................. 6-101
6.36 Retentive Set Reset Block .............................................................. 6-103
6.37 Control Display Manager ................................................................ 6-105
6.37.1 Operation Image: ................................................................... 6-106
6.37.2 To Set Display Manager: ........................................................ 6-107
6.38 Connect Block ................................................................................. 6-113

7. Lets Make a Program ............................................................... 7-1

7.1 Option Settings ..................................................................................... 7-1
7.2 The Function Block Diagram ................................................................. 7-1
7.3 Input the Program ................................................................................. 7-2
7.3.1 Adding Function Blocks by the Left to Right method
(Section 4.2.1) .............................................................................. 7-2
7.3.2 Scroll through the Function Blocks by Number (Section 4.6.1) .... 7-3
7.3.3 Use the Jump Command (Section 4.6.3) ..................................... 7-3
7.3.4 Use the NewFB command ........................................................... 7-4
7.3.5 Connect the Function Blocks from Right to Left (Section 4.2.2) .. 7-4
7.4 Set up the Function Block Parameters (Section 4.5.1) ......................... 7-5
7.5 Exit the Function Block Diagram board ................................................. 7-6

8. Appendix ................................................................................... 8-1

8.1 Associated Manuals .............................................................................. 8-1
8.2 System Keys ......................................................................................... 8-2
8.3 System Bits ........................................................................................... 8-2
8.4 Boolean Gates ...................................................................................... 8-3
8.5 PID Formulas ........................................................................................ 8-9

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2 Simple Application Controllers

1.

Introduction 1

Introduction
The 2 Series Controllers provides supervisory control for use in the home, office, factory or
wherever you need it. The 2 Series Controllers offers flexible I/O control for varied
applications:
Applications
The 2 Series is designed to be used for automatic applications including:
- Lighting, air-conditioning or watering control
- Opening and closing gates
- Security systems
- Domestic systems
- Temperature control
However, the 2 Series Controllers is not designed to be used in the following applications:
- Applications where high reliabilities such as nuclear power control, railway facilities,
airline facilities, vehicles, combustion equipment and medical equipment are required.
- Applications in life critical situations
Please contact a Mitsubishi distributor for more information.

1.1

Special Features of the Controller

1 ) Display messages and Function Block data
The 2 Series Controller can display the state of operation and the status of an alarm on
the LCD screen as a message. The 2 Series Controller allows the values of timers and
counters to be changed while in RUN mode.
- Total characters on LCD display: 12 characters x 4 lines
- Display items: Message, values (current or set) of timers and counters, analogue
values, etc.
2 ) Program Input
The user can program directly from the front panel or use the windows based
AL-PCS/WIN-E programming software Ver. 2.00 and upwards. Pictorial representations of
data are used to connect function blocks in both methods. Please refer to the Software
Manual for details on AL-PCS/WIN-E.
3 ) Enhancement of clock function
The calendar timer function can switch inputs to time-dependent controls on a daily or
weekly basis.
4 ) Analog input, 0-10V/0-500
The DC input type for the 2 Series accepts 0-10V signals with a digital range of 0-500
(50 divisions per volt).
5 ) High Speed Counter (max. 1kHz)
The 2 Series Controller can have two dedicated high speed counters when using
AL2-4EX EI1 and EI2.

1-1

2 Simple Application Controllers

Introduction 1

6 ) High current output

The Relay outputs can handle 8A per common (COM) in the main units: AL2-10MR-*
(O01-6); AL2-14MR-* (O01-6); AL2-24MR-D (O01-04). Transistor outputs are 1A/point in
the extension module.
7 ) GSM Function (AL2-14MR-*, AL2-24MR-*)
The 2 Series Controller uses GSM to send a short message to a mobile phone or a
dedicated
E-mail account via a standard service provider. By receiving a short message FB bit
outputs or word output values can be changed.
8 ) Dedicated Protocol (AL2-14MR-*, AL2-24MR-*)
The 2 Series Controllers introduces this concept allowing the user to monitor, modify and
enter current and set values in Function Blocks from a personal computer.
9 ) Built-in EEPROM
The built in EEPROM stores the user program non-volatile.
10 )Supports 6 languages
The system supports the following languages: English, German, French, Italian, Spanish
and Swedish.
11 ) LCD Screen
Enhanced LCD screen size displays data more clearly and enables the 2 Series
Controller to display bar graphs and other new data representations.
12 )Increased Memory
The CPU memory for the 2 Series Controller can store 5 kbyte of programming or a
maximum of 200 function blocks.
This manual will describe front panel programming of the 2 Series Controllers, the powerful
function block capabilities, and the functions of the front panel keys.

1.2

Model Name
The 2 Series Controllers can be identified using the following format:

AL2- ** M R - A/D
AL2 - Series Controller
** - Total number of I/O
M - Main Unit

A - 100-240 VAC
D - 24 VDC
R - Relay Type Output

1-2

2 Simple Application Controllers

2.

Function Block Programming 2

Function Block Programming

The 2 Series Controller is programmed with a user-friendly method of combining specialpurpose dedicated function blocks. The task is broken down into various stages which can be
represented by a number of function blocks. Function Block Programming simplifies
application representation but ensures complete process control. The program can be
developed in very simple steps but even a complex task can be represented in this way. For
ease of use, the function blocks have been preprogrammed to perform certain tasks yet offer
flexibility to be tailored to individual requirements.
Figure 1.1: Principle of Function Block Programming
S B001
C OS

I01

O01

One Shot
I02
I03

1 B002
2
3 OR
4

S B003
R SR

O02

Set/Reset
O03

I0n
O0n
OR
SR
OS

- Input n
- Output n
- OR Boolean Function Block
- Set/Reset Function Block
- One Shot Function Block

The user can build a complex circuit in small, easy steps by starting at the input and working
forward in a logical manner. The 2 will gather and process information and provide the
necessary control for the application according to the system algorithm. Each function block
provides specific control parameters, accessible by the user, to tailor each program for
complete application suitability. The function blocks are connected together to form a circuit
using the Function Block Diagram (FBD.)

2.1

Block Type and the FBD base

There are seven sets of items that can be used in the function block program: Inputs, Front
Panel Keys, System Memory Bits, Logic Blocks, Function Blocks, User-defined Function
Blocks and Outputs. A brief description of each follows.

2-1

2 Simple Application Controllers

2.1.1

Function Block Programming 2

Inputs
The 2 Series Controller will accept both digital (On/Off) and analog (mV value based)
electrical information through the system Inputs. Please refer to the 2 Hardware Manual for
electrical information, wiring diagrams and input specifications. Depending on the specific
controller there are either 14 or 24 input version types of the 2 Series Controller. The Inputs
are referenced to I01, I02, ..., I15.
Table 2.1: Input type for the AL2-10MR-* Controller
Input

Input Number

Signal

I01 - I06

Analog
(AL2-10M*-D)

A01 - A06

Description
Maximum of 6 Inputs are allocated for use.
Maximum of 6 Analog inputs are allocated for use on input I01 to I06.

Table 2.2: Input type for the AL2-14MR-*, AL2-24MR-* Controller

2.1.2

Input

Input Number

Description

Signal

I01 - I15

AS-i

E01 - E04

Maximum of 4 AS-interface inputs are allocated for use.

Analog
(AL2-**M*-D)

A01 - A08

Maximum of 8 Analog inputs are allocated for use on input I01 to I08.

Extension

EI01 - EI04

Maximum of 4 Extension inputs are allocated for use.

Maximum of 15 Inputs are allocated for use.

Front Panel Keys

The front panel keys can enter data into the program memory, move through menus or
programs, select programming options, or be used as extra inputs when the program is
running. There are eight keys which are referenced as K01 - K08.
Table 2.3: Front panel keys for the 2 Series Controller
Key Name

Key number

Key Function

OK

K01

Used to enter menu options, confirm data entry, and manually force
inputs ON/OFF in the monitor function.

ESC

K02

Used to cancel an operation, move to a higher level screen, or to move

to a new menu.

K03

Used to connect (or add) function blocks, increase Direct Set input
values or times, or move through programs or menus.

K04

Used to disconnect function blocks, decrease Direct Set values or

times, or move through programs or menus.

( )

K05

Scroll up through menu options (menus, keys, FB, Inputs, Outputs,

etc.)

( )

K06

Scroll down through menu options (menus, keys, FB, Inputs, Outputs,
etc.)

( )

K07

Move to the right on the LCD display, FB program, or Jump command

( )

K08

Move to the left on the LCD display, FB program, or Jump command

If the front panel keys are used as auxiliary inputs on the FBD, their primary function, as front
panel display navigators, will be disabled.

2-2

2 Simple Application Controllers

2.1.3

Function Block Programming 2

System Memory Bits

These System Memory Bits can provide predefined signals - Always On, Always Off, 0.5
second On, 0.5 second Off, or provide information about the Real Time Clock time or errors
etc. There are 24 Memory bits that are referenced as M01, M02, ... M24.
Table 2.4: System Bits for the 2 Series Controller
System
Bit

AL2-10M AL2-14M
AL2-24M

M01

Always ON.

M02

Always OFF.

M03

Alternate - 0.5 seconds ON, 0.5 seconds OFF.

M04

ON when Real Time Clock data error occurs.

M05

ON when Summer time schedule is activated.

M06

ON when AS-interface communication Error occurs.

M07

ON when communication Error caused by AS-interface power failure

occurs.

M08

Pulses ON when Stop mode turns to Run mode in the 2 Series.

M09

Pulses OFF when Stop mode turns to Run mode in the 2 Series.

M10

ON during DCF77 decoding

M11

Pulses ON when DCF77 finishes decoding without an error

M12

ON when CD (DCD) signal is turned ON (receiving CD signal from

the modem.)

M13

ON when it is possible to access the GSM network.

M14

ON when the 2 series controller is accessed via GSM

M15

ON when DCF77 finishes decoding with an error

M16

ON when external power for the 2DA board is on

M17

ON when there is a sensor defect at I01

M18

ON when there is a sensor defect at I02

M19

ON when there is a sensor defect at I03

M20

ON when there is a sensor defect at I04

M21

ON when there is a sensor defect at I05

M22

ON when there is a sensor defect at I06

M23

ON when there is a sensor defect at I07

ON when there is a sensor defect at I08

M24

2.1.4

Description

Function Blocks
Programming the 2 Series Controller is based upon the combination of different function
blocks. They process the information received from the previously mentioned inputs and
control the system Outputs. They can also provide input signals or information to other function
blocks using word outputs pins. To make programming easier, the Function Blocks have all
been preprogrammed. However, parameters within each function block dialog box can be set
according to the intended application. There are 40 Function Blocks available, they are
described in detail throughout Chapters 5 and 6.

2-3

2 Simple Application Controllers

2.1.5

Function Block Programming 2

Outputs
Table 2.5: Outputs for the AL2-10MR-* Controller
Outputs
O01 - 04
N01

Description
Signal output
No

N02*1

ON: The back light is OFF in LCD.

OFF: The back light is controlled by the Light Time setting in Menu.

N03*1

ON: The back light is ON in LCD.

OFF: The back light is controlled by the Light Time setting in Menu.
ON:

N04

The user screen is controlled by the setting of Display Manager with AL-PCS/
WIN-E.
OFF: The user screen is controlled by user program.

Note: *1 When both N02 and N03 are ON and hence the back light is ON because N03 is
given the priority.
Table 2.6: Outputs for the AL2-14MR-*, AL2-24MR-* Controller
Outputs

Description

O01 - 09

Signal output

A01 - 04

AS-interface Output

EO1 - E04
N01

Extension Output
ON: Disconnected to AS-interface network
OFF: Connect to AS-interface network

N02*1

ON: The back light is OFF in LCD.

OFF: The back light is controlled by the Light Time setting in Menu.

N03*1

ON: The back light is ON in LCD.

OFF: The back light is controlled by the Light Time setting in Menu.
ON:

N04

The user screen is controlled by the setting of Display Manager with AL-PCS/
WIN-E.
OFF: The user screen is controlled by user program.

Note: *1 When both N02 and N03 are ON and hence the back light is ON because N03 is
given the priority.

2.1.6

Function Block Diagram (FBD) base

The Function Block Diagram provides the base for which all programming actions for the 2 is
performed. Both the 2 controller and the AL-PCS/WIN-E software use the FBD base. The
FBD base contains a Title rectangle on the top, Input rectangles on the left and Output
rectangles on the right. The FBD base is also known as FBD wiring area. All the components
should be placed only within the FBD base rectangle except for the input and output signals
which can be placed in the FBD wiring area or in the Input or Output rectangles.

2-4

2 Simple Application Controllers

2.2

Programming Methods

2.2.1

Direct Programming

Function Block Programming 2

Direct Programming uses the keys on the front panel to create the program and enter any
required data values. The method for Direct Programming is explained in Chapter 4 of this
manual.

2.2.2

AL-PCS/WIN-E Programming Software Ver 2.40 and upwards

This windows based software allows the user to drag and drop the desired Function Block
icons onto the FBD base and construct a program. The program is downloaded to the 2
controller via the AL-232CAB cable. The visual on-screen connections make the software easy
to grasp for beginners and experienced users alike. The AL-PCS/WIN-E Programming
Software is fully explained in the Software Manual (JY992D74001).
Figure 2.1: AL-PCS/WIN-E Programming Software Ver 2.40 and upwards

Note: Do not simultaneously program the 2 Series Controller from the direct
programming keys and AL-PCS/WIN-E Ver 2.00 methods as this may result in
unexpected operation and possibly cause harm.

2-5

2 Simple Application Controllers

Function Block Programming 2

MEMO

2-6

2 Simple Application Controllers

3.

System Menu

3.1

Menu Options Instructions

System Menu 3

There are Systems Menus to help guide the user through the options available in the 2. The
TopMenu has a Run Mode that is accessed while the 2 is in operation or a Stop Mode that is
accessed when the 2 is idle.
The Edit Menu and the Function Block Edit Menu can be accessed when in either ProgEdit or
Monitor. These menus can be used to create and/or change programs steps or values.
Use the OK key to enter a programming option or to enter data into memory.
Set all the data on the screen before using the OK key to write the data to the system
memory. If there are multiple data screens in an option, enter the required data and accept
each screen with the OK key.
The ESC key will move the screen back to a higher menu option. It will cancel any data input
that has not been accepted with the OK key.
Note:
Use the ESC key to exit the option to the higher menu; at times, it will be necessary to press
the ESC key a number of times to move through multiple programming layers.

3-1

2 Simple Application Controllers

3.2

The Stop Mode

3.2.1

Top Menu

System Menu 3

When the 2 is first turned On, the Input/Output Image Table will appear. Press the OK and
ESC keys simultaneously to move to the TopMenu.
(If the TopMenu cannot be accessed the Menu Key has been set to Not Use),
Run:
Places the controller in Run mode.
Parameter:
Provides a simple method to edit Time Switches (TSm), Short Message Receive (SMRm)
and Call Detect (CDm) from the Top Menu.
ProgEdit:
Allows program editing/creation on the display using the front panel keys. The current
memory will be overwritten as changes are made to the program. Programs can be saved
on an AL2-EEPROM-2 memory cassette or in the AL-PCS/WIN-E software Version 2.0 or
above.
ClockSet:
Set the Real Time Clock or input a daily clock adjustment. The RadioClock function is also
available here.
LANGUAGE:
Choose from 6 onscreen languages: English, German, French, Italian, Spanish, or
Swedish.
Others...
Figure 3.1: TopMenu in Stop Mode operation
OK
ESC
T o p Me n u
I :
O:
E:
A:

10 : 19 F r i
2 5 9
1 5
1 4 8
1 4
23

Ru n

Ru n / S t o p
S t o p R u n
OK

or

Run Mode

ESC
11
12

P a r a ma t e r
EI :1 4
EO : 2 3

P r o gEd i t

1
2

C l o c kSe t

9
10

LANGUAGE

Ot he r s

L ANGUAGE
En g l i s h
G e r ma n
F r ench
I t a l i an
Sp a n i s h
Sw e d i s h
3
4

3-2

2 Simple Application Controllers

System Menu 3

Figure 3.2: ClockSet Menu in Stop Mode Operation

9
10

11
12

Cl ockse t
Cl ockse t

Cl ockse t
d d / mm / y y y y
29 / 6 / 2003
7 : 5 9 Su n

Co r r e c t

Co r r e c t
0 . 00s / d

GMT Z o n e

C l o c kSe t
GMT Z o n e
0h00n

Ra d i o C l o c k

Ra d i o C l o c k
Ra d i o C l o c k

Ra d i o C l o c k
No t Us e
DC F 7 7

Ra d i o C l o c k
Ra d i o C l o c k
I npu t
T i me D i f f e r

Ra d i o C l o c k
I npu t
I 01

Ra d i o C l o c k
Ra d i o C l o c k
I npu t
T i me D i f f e r

Ra d i o C l o c k
T i me D i f f e r
0 . 0h r s

Ra d i o C l o c k
I npu t
T i me D i f f e r
Ma n u a l

Ma n u a l
S t op Ac t .

P a r a ma t e r
Se t u p TS

OK

or

E SC

Se t u p TS

NoDa t a
S e t u p SMR

S e t u p SMR

NoDa t a
S e t u p CD

S e t u p CD

NoDa t a

3-3

2 Simple Application Controllers

3.2.2

System Menu 3

The Others...

Version:
Displays CPU Version of the 2 Series Controller.
Scan Time:
Monitor the Current, Maximum, or Minimum program scan times. Upon controller reset
current, Maximum and Minimum values for scan times are reset to 0.
Password:
Restrict entry to the ProgEdit and Monitor mode with a four digit password.
DispPass:
Set up to three Passwords for Display function blocks.
Menu Key:
Two settings are possible, Not Use or OK + ESC. Not Use is designed so that
unauthorized people cannot access the 2 Top Menu in Run mode. If the OK + ESC key
setting is selected, simultaneously depress the OK and the ESC keys to access the Top
Menu.
Summertime:
Choose the preferred daylight savings time: Cancel, Manual On, Date Type, UK type, US
type, or EU type.
Serial Com:
Choose the type of communication to be used for the right hand side serial communication
port - Not Use, Modem, GSM or Other Com.
Light Time:
Set the backlight off delay time.
Analog In:
Indicates the current modes (Normal, TC or PT100) of the Analog inputs and the menu
item for changing the temperature scale (C or F) that the controller displays. Also
contains the menu items for calibration and offset adjust.
ProgClear:
Completely clears the system memory including Password protected programs. Only the
active memory is cleared, i.e. if a memory cassette is installed, the memory cassette
program will be erased but the controller memory will be retained.
ProgTran. (only appears if a cassette is installed):
Verify, Cassette (the cassette writes to the 2), Cassette (the cassette reads from
the 2), and ProtectSW are the options available.

3-4

2 Simple Application Controllers

System Menu 3

Figure 3.2: Others Menu in Stop Mode operation

Ot he r s . . .
3
4

Ve r s i o n
Ve r s i o n
Ve r * . * *

S c a n T i me

S c a n T i me
Mo n i t o r
Re s e t

S c a n T i me
Cu r .
0 ms
Ma x .
1 2 ms
Mi n
0 ms

S c a n T i me
Mo n i t o r
Re s e t

Re s e t
S c a n T i me
OK

Pa s swo r d

D i s pPa s s

Me n u K e y

S u mme r T i me

Se r i a l

L i gh t

An a l o g

D i s pPa s s
Leve l 1
Leve l 2
Leve l 3

Se t u p
D i s pPa s s
Leve l 1

Me n u K e y
No Us e
ON + E SC
Ke y
S u mme r T i me
31 / 03
~30 / 10
+ 6 0m i n

S u mme r T i me
Ca n c e l
Ma n u a l On
Da t a T y p e
UK T y p e
US T y p e
EU T y p e
F r ee Type

S u mme
03 / 1
~10
02 : 00

Se t u p
L i gh t

T i me
2m
11
12

P r o g r am
C l ea r
OK

P r ogT r an

r T i me
. Su n
/ 1 . Su n
6 0m i n

5
6

In

Pr ogc l ea r

E SC

Se t u p
Pa s swo r d

C om *

T i me

or

or

ESC

AL2-14MR-*, AL2-24MR-*

3-5

2 Simple Application Controllers

System Menu 3

Figure 3.3: Serial Com in Stop Mode operation (AL2-14MR-*, AL2-24MR-*)

5
6

S e r i a l Com
No t Us e
Mo d e m

Mo d e m I n i t
C o mma n d
D e l a y T i me

Mo d e m I n i t 0 1
C o mma n d
[
]
yz { | } ! " #$

Mo d e m I n i t
C o mma n d
D e l a y T i me

Mo d e m I n i t
D e l a y T i me
0s

GSM
C o m f o r ma t
GSM I n i t
GS MR e mo t e
P I NC o d e
S e t SMS
GSMS t a t u s

GSM

O t h e r Com

7
8

O t h e r Com
C o m f o r ma t *
S t a t i o nNo
L i nkB l oc k

O t h e r Com
S t a t i o nNo

O t h e r Com
C o m f o r ma t *
S t a t i o nNo
L i nkB l oc k

O t h e r Com
L i nkB l oc k

No . 0

0.

Figure 3.4: Communication Format in Stop Mode Operation

* Comformat
Datalength (bit)

8, 7

Parity

None, Odd, Even

Stopbit (bit)

1, 2

Baudrate (bps)

300, 600, 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, 19200

3-6

2 Simple Application Controllers

System Menu 3

Figure 3.5: GSM Menu in Stop Mode operation

GSM
7
8

C o m f o r ma t *

GSM I n i t

GSM I n i t
C o mmn d
D e l a y T i me

GS MR e mo t e

GS MR e mo t e
Fo r b i t
Pe r m i t

P I NC o d e

P I NC o d e
Se t u p
[ **** ]

Arrow key

P I NC o d e
Se t u p
[ " **** " ]

Arrow key
S e t SMS
SMSC 1
SMSC 2
DA 1
DA 2
DA 3
VP

S e t SMS

GSMS t a t u s

GSMS t a t u s
St a t us
CME E r r o r
CMS E r r o r
S i gSe i n g

Figure 3.6: Communication Format in Stop Mode operation

* Comformat
Datalength (bit)

8, 7

Parity

None, Odd, Even

Stopbit (bit)

1, 2

Baudrate (bps)

300, 600, 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, 19200

3-7

2 Simple Application Controllers

System Menu 3

Figure *.*: Analog Inputs Setup Menu.

11
12

I 01
Mo d e

I 01
N o r ma l
TC
PT 1 0 0

I 0 2 : TC

I 02
Mo d e
Ca l i b r a t e
Of f s e t F i ne

I 02
Ca l i b r a t e
- 50 C
450 C

I 0 3 : PT 1 0 0

I 03
Mo d e
Ca l i b r a t e
Of f s e t F i ne

I 03
Ca l i b r a t e
- 50 C
200 C

I 03
Mo d e
Ca l i b r a t e
Of f s e t F i ne

I 03
O f f s e t F i ne
0 . 0C

An a l o g
I 01

In

T e mp . S c a l e

An a l o g I n
T e mp . S c a l e
Ce l c i u s
Fah r en he i t

3-8

2 Simple Application Controllers

System Menu 3

Adding Function Blocks

P r og r a mSc r een
1
2

01
In

01

FBS e l e c t
AND

Add FB
O 01

Connect EO 04

De l a y e dAL

(OK, ESC, +, -,
, , , )

*1
*2

(+) or (-) Skips to

the next topic

*3

F B P a r a me t e r
S e t u p F B *1
C h a n g e N o *2
D e l e t e F B *3
Function Block Specific
Changes Function Block Number
Deletes Function Block from
FBD

E d i t Me n u
Bl ock

0 FB

P r ogS i z e
Me mo r y

J u mp

NewF B

0%

J u mp
M I OK E A NE I EOB

FBS e l e c t
AND
De l a y e dAL

Ex i t
M0 1 Mn e mo n i c

3-9

2 Simple Application Controllers

3.3

System Menu 3

The Run Mode Top Menu

When the 2 program is running, the LCD defaults to the Image Table screen. According to
the Menu Key setting, proceed to the Stop Mode of the Top Menu by using the OK and the
ESC keys or reset the controller by powering down.
Stop:
Takes the 2 out of Run mode.
Setup TS:
Provides a simple method to edit Time Switches from the Top Menu.
Monitor:
Monitor the program settings while in the Run mode and perform limited editing to FB
parameters. The existing programming steps cannot be modified.
ClockSet:
Set the Real Time Clock, input a daily clock adjustment or set the RadioClock function.
LANGUAGE:
Choose the on-screen language from English, German, French, Italian, Spanish, or
Swedish.
Others
Figure 3.8: TopMenu in Run Mode Operation
OK
ESC
T o p Me n u
I :
O:
E:
A:

10 : 19 F r i
2 5 9
1 5
1 4 8
1 4
23

S t op

Ru n / S t o p
R u n S t o p
OK

or

Stop Mode

ESC

P a r a ma t e r

11
12

Mo n i t o r

1
2

C l o c kSe t

9
10

EI :1 4
EO : 2 3

LANGUAGE

Others

L ANGUAGE
En g l i s h
G e r ma n
F r ench
I t a l i an
Sp a n i s h
Sw e d i s h
3
4

3 - 10

2 Simple Application Controllers

System Menu 3

Figure 3.14: Monitor Screen in Run Mode.

Settings for Function Blocks
1
2

Mon i t o r S c r een
01
B002
B003
In

003
01
=S P - I
In

RSR

(OK, ESC, +, -,
, , , )

FBS e t t i n g
Se t u p

02
Out
*1

Individual for each Function Block.

E d i t Me n u
Bl ack

4 FB

P r o gS i z e
Me mo r y

J u mp

1%

J u mp
M I OK E A NE I EOB

Ex i t

3 - 11

2 Simple Application Controllers

System Menu 3

Figure 3.9: Others Menu in Run Mode operation

Ot he r s . . .
3
4

Ve r s i o n
Ve r s i o n
Ve r * . * *

Scan

T i me

S c a n T i me
Mo n i t o r
Re s e t

S c a n T i me
Cu r .
0 ms
Ma x .
1 2 ms
Mi n
0 ms

S c a n T i me
Mo n i t o r
Re s e t

Re s e t
S c a n T i me
OK

Pa s swo r d

D i s pPa s s

Me n u

Ke y

S u mme r T i me

Ana l o g

T i me

In

P r ogT r an

E SC

Se t u p
Pa s swo r d

D i s pPa s s
Leve l 1
Leve l 2
Leve l 3

Se t u p
D i s pPa s s
Leve l 1

Me n u K e y
No Us e
ON + E SC
Ke y
S u mme r T i me
Ca n c e l
Ma n u a l O n
Da t a T y p e
UK T y p e
US T y p e
EU T y p e
F r ee Type

S u mme r T i me
31 / 03
~30 / 10
+ 6 0m i n
S u mme r T i me
0 3 / 1 . Su n
~1 0 / 1 . Su n
0 2 : 0 0 6 0m i n

S e r i a l C om*

L i gh t

or

5
6

Se t u p
L i g h t T i me
2m
An a l o g I n
T e mp . S c a l e
Ce l c i u s
Fah r en he i t

An a l o g I n
I 01
I 02
I 03
I 04
I 05
I 06
I 07
I 08
T e mp . S c a l e

AL2-14MR-*, AL2-24MR-*

3 - 12

2 Simple Application Controllers

System Menu 3

Figure 3.10: Serial Com in Run Mode operation (AL2-14MR-*, AL2-24MR-*)

5
6

S e r i a l Com
No t Us e
Mo d e m

Mo d e m I n i t
C o mma n d
D e l a y T i me

Mo d e m I n i t 0 1
C o mma n d
[
]
yz { | } ! " #$

Mo d e m I n i t
C o mma n d
D e l a y T i me

Mo d e m I n i t
D e l a y T i me
0s

GSM
C o m f o r ma t
GSM I n i t
GS MR e mo t e
P I NC o d e
S e t SMS
GSMS t a t u s

GSM

O t h e r Com

7
8

O t h e r Com
C o m f o r ma t *
S t a t i o nNo
L i nkB l oc k

O t h e r Com
S t a t i o nNo

O t h e r Com
C o m f o r ma t *
S t a t i o nNo
L i nkB l oc k

O t h e r Com
L i nkB l oc k

No . 0

0.

Figure 3.11: Communication Format in Run Mode Operation

* Comformat
Datalength (bit)

8, 7

Parity

None, Odd, Even

Stopbit (bit)

1, 2

Baudrate (bps)

300, 600, 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, 19200

3 - 13

2 Simple Application Controllers

System Menu 3

Figure 3.12: GSM Menu in Run Mode operation (AL2-14MR-*, AL2-24MR-*)

GSM
7
8

C o m f o r ma t *

GSM I n i t

GSM I n i t
C o mm a n d
D e l a y T i me

GS MR e mo t e

GSR e mo t e
Fo r b i t
Pe r m i t

P I NC o d e

P I NC o d e
Se t u p
[ **** ]

Arrow key

P I NC o d e
Se t u p
[ " **** " ]

Arrow key
S e t SMS
SMSC 1
SMSC 2
DA 1
DA 2
DA 3
VP

S e t SMS

GSMS t a t u s

GSMS t a t u s
St a t us
CME E r r o r
CMS E r r o r
S i gS t r i n g

Figure 3.13: Communication Format in Run Mode operation

* Comformat
Datalength (bit)

8, 7

Parity

None, Odd, Even

Stopbit (bit)

1, 2

Baudrate (bps)

9600, 19200

3 - 14

2 Simple Application Controllers

3.4

System Menu 3

The Edit Menu

The Edit Menu can be entered when the 2 is in the ProgEdit or Monitor main programming
screen. If entering options or connecting FBs, these procedures have to be finished or
canceled before the Edit Menu can be entered. Press the ESC key at any place in the main
programming screen to enter the Edit Menu.
ProgSize:
Shows the numbers of FBs used and percentage of program memory used.
Jump:
Leads to a screen that shows available places to go in the program. M - system bits; I system Inputs; O - System Outputs; K - Keys (1-8); E - ASi Inputs; A - ASi Outputs;
N - Control bits; EI - External Board inputs; EO - External Board outputs; and B Function Blocks existing in the program. Choose the desired block with the arrow keys
and press the OK key to jump to that spot in the program.
New FB:
Create a new Function Block from one of the available FBs.
Exit: Exits to the Top Menu.
Mnemonic:
Gives a mnemonic display of the current programming rung. Enter the programming mode
by pressing the OK key or return to the Edit Menu using the ESC key. (Not available in
Monitor Mode).

3.5

The Function Block Edit Menu

The Function Block Edit Menu can be entered only while in the ProgEdit or Monitor mode.
Move to the Function Block to edit and press the OK key when the Function Block number is
flashing.
Setup FB:
Set variables in the Function Blocks for your application. See Chapter 6 for more details on
each Function Blocks Options. The logic functions in Chapter 5 do not have Setup
Options.
Change No: Change the Function Block Number
Delete FB: Delete Selected Function Block

3 - 15

2 Simple Application Controllers

3.6

System Menu 3

Option Screen Setup

Various options have been provided for ease of use or for safety purposes. Please set as your
needs require. All of the options in this section can be accessed from either the Run or the
Stop Menu.

3.6.1

ProgEdit
Refer to chapter 4, Direct programming, for detailed instructions on programming the 2
Series Controller.

3.6.2

Change the Language Setting

1 ) Turn the 2 On.
2 ) Press the OK and ESC buttons simultaneously to go to the TopMenu or reset the
controller.
3 ) Scroll to the LANGUAGE option and press the OK key. The TopMenu entry
LANGUAGE is common for all languages.
4 ) Scroll to the desired language and press the OK key. The languages available are
English, German, French, Italian, Spanish, and Swedish.
5 ) Use the ESC key to exit to the Topmenu.

3.6.3

ClockSET
To set the Clock:
1 ) From the TopMenu, scroll to ClockSet and press the OK key.
2 ) From the options that appear, choose ClockSet and press the OK key.
3 ) Use the arrow keys to move to an area that needs to be changed.
4 ) Adjust with the + or - keys.
5 ) Repeat steps 3-4 until ALL changes have been completed.
6 ) Press the OK key to accept all the changes or the ESC to discards the changes.
7 ) Press the ESC key to return to the Top Menu.
To set the daily correction:
1 ) From the TopMenu, scroll to ClockSet and press the OK key.
2 ) From the options that appear, choose Correct and press the OK key.
3 ) Set the daily correction time with the + or - keys.
4 ) Press the OK key to accept the value and press the ESC key to return to the Top Menu.
Note:
The date setting can be displayed as yyyy/mm/dd, dd/mm/yyyy, or mm/dd/yyyy by
manipulating the + and - keys. The day of the week will update automatically as the date is
changed.

3 - 16

2 Simple Application Controllers

3.6.4

System Menu 3

RadioClock - DCF77 Decoding

The RadioClock function enables the reception of time information broadcasted by radio signal
on 77.5 kHz from Frankfurt Germany. Special hardware is required for this feature. Refer to the
Alpha 2 Hardware Manual for more information. After configuring the hardware, follow the
steps below to set the controller for DCF77 decoding:
1 ) From the TopMenu, scroll to ClockSet and press the OK key.
2 ) From the options that appear, scroll to RadioClock and press the OK key.
3 ) Only one option appears if RadioClock has not been activated. Scroll to RadioClock
and press the OK key.
4 ) From the options that appear, scroll to DCF77 and press the OK key. At this point, if the
controller cannot detect a signal the message No Signal! will flash on the headline.
5 ) To select the correct analog input that carries the DCF77 time signal, scroll to Input No.
and press the OK key. Initially Input No. will not be visible, it only appears as an option
after the RadioClock function has been enabled.
6 ) Select the Analog Input number from I01 to I08 with the +,- keys and the OK key.
7 ) If necessary, adjust for the timezone difference between Frankfurt, Germany and the place
of installation. This amount is added to (subtracted from) the received time. To do this,
scroll to TimeDiffer and press the OK key.
8 ) Select the timezone difference in half hour increments using the +,- keys. Press OK to
enter the timezone difference.
9 ) It is possible to manually start and stop the decoding of the time information. Scroll to
Manual and press the OK key. Either Start Act. or Stop Act. will be displayed
depending on the state of the controller at the time.
Note:
The Input No., TimeDiffer and Manual selections will only be displayed when
DCF77 has been enabled from the RadioClock menu.
The error message No Signal! will flash on the headline if the controller does not receive the
DCF77 signal when the input is setup for the RadioClock function. If there should be a signal in
the installation area, check the setup and hardware for faults.
When in STOP mode and Start Act. is used to manually start DCF77 decoding, the user must
check the state of M10 (decoding active flag) 30 minutes after starting the decoding. If M10 is
off, DCF77 decoding finished without error. If M10 is still ON, there is a problem with either the
wiring or the availability of the signal in the location of use (e.g. antenna problems). The user
should check both possible causes.

3 - 17

2 Simple Application Controllers

3.6.5

System Menu 3

SummerTime
The Summertime menu will display six choices when entered.
Cancel - Turns off the Summertime clock setting.
Manual On - Moves the clock one hour ahead immediately and will remain ON until cancelled.
Date Type - Set the On date, Off date, and Time adjustment.
UK Type - Last Sunday of March to the last Sunday of October.
US Type - First Sunday of April to the last Sunday of October.
EU Type - Last Sunday of March to the last Sunday of October.
Free Type - Set the On/Off date among each Sundays, Hour of time change, and Adjust time.
The time changes for the UK timezone take place at 1:00 AM in the Spring and 2:00 AM in the
Autumn. Time changes in the US and EU setting take place at 2:00 AM in the Spring and 3:00
AM in the Autumn.
If the controller time has been adjusted for Summertime, an s will precede the hour number
on the display screen.
Setting the controller for Summertime operation:
1 ) From the TopMenu, scroll to Others... and press the OK key.
2 ) From the options that appear, scroll to Summertime and press the OK key.
3 ) Scroll to the desired setting (see above for information on settings).
4 ) Press the OK key to accept the setting.
5 ) If the display time has been adjusted, an s will precede the hour number on the display
screen. If the date is outside of the summertime range, no visible sign will appear.
Figure 3.15: Changeover Date and Time
Changeover Date and Time (a.m.) for 2002
Modes

3.31.02

US
EU
UK

2:00 3:00
1:00 2:00

4.7.02

10.27.02

2:00 3:00
S U M M E R

M E

add 1 hour
Mode

Free

3:00 2:00
3:00 2:00
2:00 1:00

subtract 1 hour

On date

Off date

S U M M E R

Month (1~12)
Sunday (1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th)

M E

Month (1~12)
Sunday (1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th)

Hour of time change (00:00am, 01:00am, 02:00am, 03:00am)

Adjust time (0~180 minutes)

Note:
When Summertime is in effect, the clock should not be set to the changeover time. For
example, the clock should not be set to 2:00 a.m. on March 7, 2002 when US Summertime is
enabled. There will be an error in the displayed time.

3 - 18

2 Simple Application Controllers

3.6.6

System Menu 3

DispPass
DispPass provides the 2 Series Controller with three distinct security levels, limiting the users
ability to make changes to program parameters (i.e. the SetPeriod parameter of the
SpeedDetect FB). A non-authorized user will be able to navigate the display screen from field
to field, but will not be able to make changes without, first, entering the appropriate password.
There are three passwords that can be set from the front panel or the VLS software. Each
password can control access to many different displayed parameters.
The security level for a displayed parameter must be assigned with the VLS software but, the
actual password can be set, changed or removed with the front panel keys. The following is the
step-by-step process for modifying password settings.
To set the Level 1, Level 2 or Level 3 Password:
1 ) From the TopMenu, scroll to Others... and press the OK key.
2 ) From the options that appear, scroll to DispPass and press the OK key.
3 ) Select Level 1, Level 2 or Level 3
4 ) Enter the Password with the +, - and directional buttons.
5 ) Press OK to activate the password.
To remove the Level 1, Level 2 or Level 3 passwords:
1 ) From the TopMenu, scroll to Others... and press the OK key.
2 ) From the options that appear, scroll to DispPass and press the OK key.
3 ) Select a security level with a key icon by it.
4 ) Enter the appropriate level Password with the +, - and directional buttons.
5 ) Press OK to deactivate the password.
To change a password:
To change a password perform the To remove the Level 1, Level2 or Level 3 Passwords
procedure then the To set the Level 1, Level 2 or Level 3 Passwords procedure from above.
The example window below shows how to assign a password to a function block parameter
being displayed on the front panel. In this example, the SpeedDetect function block has been
used.
1 ) Select the parameter that will be displayed, in this example, SetPeriod.
2 ) Select the security level.
3 ) Assign the password in the Password Dialog Box.

3 - 19

2 Simple Application Controllers

3.6.7

System Menu 3

Password
The password consists of four digits and will prohibit entry into the ProgEdit, Monitor, Disp
Pass and Serial Com modes only. All other menu options can be accessed when a Password
is used.
To Enter a Password:
1 ) Select Others... Menu Option.
2 ) Select Password from the Others... Menu Options
3 ) Use the + and - keys to enter the desired password.
4 ) Press the OK key to accept and activate the password.
5 ) A key symbol will now be displayed at the top of the 2 display.
To Cancel a Password:
1 ) Select the Others... Menu Option.
2 ) Select Password from the Other Menu Options. Cancel Password should appear on
the top of the screen.
3 ) Use the + and - keys to enter the current password.
4 ) Press the OK key to accept and deactivate the password.
5 ) The key symbol will be removed from the 2 display.
Note 1: A Password protected program in an AL2-EEPROM-2 Cassette can be run from and
be downloaded into the main body of the controller.
Note 2: A controller containing a Password protected program can accept or transfer
programs to an AL2-EEPROM-2.
Note 3: The Password can also be set/deleted from the AL-PCS/WIN-E software or deleted by
the PROGCLEAR command.

3.6.8

Enhanced User Program Protection (Version 2.20 or later)

Besides the existing user program password protection two new kinds of user program
protection are established.
- Program Read Protection
- Copy Program To Memory Cassette Protection
1) Program Read Protection
The Program Read Protection prohibits any kind of read access to the user program in an 2
(Version 2.20 or later).
This protection can be set only in VLS by downloading a user program with a 5 digit user
program password set, '1' as the first digit.(1****:10000 to 19999)
When the protection is set, the program password can't be changed at 2 by soft key
operation.
The program read protection is reset, when the controller content is erased (VLS or 2) or an
unprotected user program (program read protection not set) is downloaded by VLS.
This protection doesn't work in older 2 (FW version 1.00 and 2.14), but it is also not reset in
those controllers, thus it is inherited in case of copying by VLS or memory cassette to another
2.
When the program read protection is set, it`s also not possible to upload a user program with
an older version of VLS.
Copying the user program to a memory cassette is also prohibited, when the protection is set.

3 - 20

2 Simple Application Controllers

System Menu 3

Note:
When the program read protection function is used and the password is forgotten, the program
can't be recovered by any methods. So, please take care to handle the function.
The following table shows the possible and prohibited actions in case the Program Read
Protection is set.
Action
Program Download (VLS to 2)
Program Upload (2 to VLS)

VLS

Switch RUN/STOP

9
9
9
9

Controller Contents Clear

Download New/Same User Program
Reset Flag in 2 controller
Read Program Name
Program Erase
Programming by
Keys

2 Display and Soft

Monitoring
Program Parameter Change

Others

Monitoring

Program Parameter Change

Comment

For monitoring the program must be

exists in the PC that runs VLS for monitoring, thus the user program can be seen
anyway.

9
9
-

Program can be read out (except display

manager contents) by 2 display.

Program can be read out (except display

manager contents) by 2 display.

(9)

As long a for program parameter change

the monitoring display isn't used, the program parameter can be changed.

Copy to memory cassette

Dedicated Communication

9 : Action is possible , -: Action is not possible

2) Copy Program To Memory Cassette Protection
The Copy Program To Memory Cassette Protection prohibits copying of an 2 user program
from main body memory to a memory cassette.
This flag doesn't work in older 2(FW version 1.00 and 2.14), but it is also not reset in those
controllers, thus it is inherited in case of copying by VLS or memory cassette to another 2.
- Password
0000 to 9999(Four digits)
- Program Read Protection
10000 to 19999(Five digits)

Memory Cassette Protection

3 - 21

2 Simple Application Controllers

3.6.9

System Menu 3

Serial Com
The modem function capability of the 2 allows remote monitoring via a PC and program
upload/download. The communication must take place using Visual Logic Software (VLS) and
the communication must be initiated accordingly. (The modem connected to the 2 is
initialized upon the 2 start-up. Dialing options from a command or specific conditions are not
available).
Command - Enter the AT command for the modem to be connected to the controller.
Reference the Modem User manual for details on that units AT command. Choose the first
letter or symbol by using the ( ) and ( ) arrows. When the symbol is showing in the command
line, use the ( ) and ( ) arrows to move to adjoining spaces. Enter up to 64 letters/symbols
and accept the whole string with the OK key when finished inputting the data. (There is no
need to accept each letter with the OK key).
Delay - The Delay function sets the length of time the 2 will wait after power on before setting
the setup AT command to the modem. Choose a value of 0 - 10 seconds using the + or -
keys. The modem connected to the Personal Computer with VLS software must be set ON
prior to the 2 modem turning on.
The GSM function allows a SMS (Short Message Service) message to be sent to either a
mobile telephone or an email account. The short message provides the remote user with the
identical LCD screens data. By recieving a short message by 2, SMR FB bit output or word
output can be changed this remote switch commands carried out. Refer to the 2
Communication Manual for detailed explanation concerning GSM parameters.
The OtherCom function provides the user with an on-line programming feature using
dedicated protocol. Refer to the 2 Communication Manual for detailed explanation
concerning Dedicated Protocol parameters.

3 - 22

2 Simple Application Controllers

System Menu 3

3.6.10 Memory cassette

The Memory Cassette EEPROM is the active memory whenever it is properly installed in
the 2 controller. The controller must be powered down before installing/removing the
memory cassette or an error will occur.
To Verify a Program:
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)

Install the AL2-EEPROM-2. Refer to the AL2-EEPROM-2 instruction manual for help.
Select Others... in the Top Menu.
Select ProgTran.
Select Verify.
Choose OK to proceed or ESC to exit.
If the program is successfully verified, the work Completed will blink on screen.
If the programs are not the same, the words Verify Error will blink onscreen.

To Transfer a Program from the Cassette to the 2:

1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)

Install the AL2-EEPROM-2. Refer to the AL2-EEPROM-2 instruction manual for help.
Select Others... in the Top Menu.
Select ProgTran.
Select Cassette.
Choose OK to proceed or ESC to exit.
When the program is successfully transferred, Completed will blink on the display.

To Transfer a Program from the 2 to the Cassette:

1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)

Install the AL2-EEPROM-2. Refer to the AL2-EEPROM-2 instruction manual.

Select Others... in the Top Menu.
Select ProgTran.
Select Cassette.
Choose OK to proceed or ESC to exit.
When the program is successfully transferred, Completed will blink on the display.

To apply the ProtectSW Feature:

The ProtectSW will write protect the program in the memory cassette. The program cannot
be edited nor erased when the feature is ON.
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)

Install the AL2-EEPROM-2 per the instruction manual.

Select Others... in the Top Menu.
Select ProgTran.
Select ProtectSW.
Choose On to activate the feature.

To Remove the ProtectSW Feature:

1)
2)
3)
4)
5)

Install the AL2-EEPROM-2. Refer to the AL2-EEPROM-2 instruction manual.

Select Others... in the Top Menu.
Select ProgTran.
Select ProtectSW.
Choose Off to de-activate the feature.

In case of an 2 version 2.20 controllers in VLS programming software the "Copy to Memory
Cassette protection" can be set. If this option is set, the copy of a program from 2 version
2.20 controller to Memory casette is prohibited.

3 - 23

2 Simple Application Controllers

System Menu 3

3.6.11 Analog Inputs

The Analog Inputs can be configured for three different modes: Normal, TC and PT100.
Normal mode is used for ordinary analog signals. TC and PT100 modes should be used with
the AL2-2TC-ADP and AL2-2PT-ADP modules respectively. For more information on these
modules, refer to the Alpha Hardware Manuals and the individual installation manuals. The
following changes should be made in the Stop mode. Only the OffsetFine adjust works in
both RUN and STOP modes.
To Set/Change the modes of the Analog Inputs (Stop Mode only):
1)
2)
3)
4)

Select Others... from the TopMenu while in Stop Mode.

Select Analog In.
Choose the appropriate input and press OK.
Mode will be the only option displayed if the analog input was previously set on Normal.
Select Mode by pressing the OK button. Then, select the appropriate mode setting.
Calibrate and OffsetFine should appear on the Analog Input settings menu.

Offset Calibration of the PT 100 and TC inputs (Stop Mode only):

1 ) Before beginning, follow the instructions on preparing the hardware for calibration in the 2
Hardware Manual, Chapter 12 for the PT100 input and Chapter 13 for the TC input.
2 ) Select Others... from the TopMenu while in Stop Mode.
3 ) After setting the mode to TC or PT100 (See the method for changing modes in the previous description.), select Calibrate from the Analog input settings menu.
4 ) Select -50C and press OK. This completes the offset calibration procedure.
Gain Calibration of the PT100 and TC inputs (Stop Mode only):
1 ) Before beginning, follow the instructions on preparing the hardware for gain calibration in
the 2 Hardware Manual, Chapter 12 for the PT100 input and Chapter 13 for the TC input.
2 ) Select Others... from the TopMenu while in Stop Mode.
3 ) After setting the mode to TC or PT100 (See the method for changing modes in the previous description.), select Calibrate from the Analog input settings menu.
4 ) Select 200C for the PT100 input or 450C for the TC input and press OK. This completes
the gain calibration procedure.
Fine Adjust for the Offset:
1 ) Select Others... from the TopMenu either in Stop or Run Mode.
2 ) After setting the mode to TC or PT100, select OffsetFine from the Analog input settings
menu.
3 ) OffsetFine can be adjusted while in Run or Stop Mode. Use the + and - buttons to select
the appropriate offset value.
Note:
The fine adjust step size for the PT100 mode is 0.5C and 1.0C for the TC mode. The
Fahrenheit step sizes are 0.9F and 1.8F respectively.

3 - 24

2 Simple Application Controllers

System Menu 3

To change the temperature scale setting (Stop Mode only):

1)
2)
3)
4)

Select Others... from the TopMenu while in Stop Mode.

Select Analog In.
Select TempScale.
Select Celsius or Fahrenheit.

Note:
In Run Mode, the temperature scale can be checked but cannot be changed.

Note:
System flags, M17 through M24, correspond to the 8 possible temperature input channels, I01
through I08. When the analog input is configured for TC or PT100 input, these system flags will
detect a defect in the ADP modules operation. An input voltage of more than 11 volts will set
the corresponding flag and indicates a sensor problem. An input voltage of 0 volts will also set
the corresponding flag, but indicates a power failure at the ADP module.

3.7

LCD Displays
There are a number of types of data and/or information that can be displayed on the LCD
display besides the menus listed previously.

3.7.1

Image Table
The first LCD display to appear is the Input/Output image table and the Real Time Clock. The
clock shows the current time as set by the user. The Summertime mode is shown by an s
preceding the time if activated.

3.7.2

LCD Function
Display up to 12 different letters or characters on each of four lines. Options include character
strings (design your own message), function block data, or analog data.

3 - 25

2 Simple Application Controllers

3.8

System Menu 3

Block Items
Each block item contains an individual diagram that shows the block number, available number
of input pins, the output pin if applicable, and the block mnemonic. Connections between
blocks can be viewed at the pin locations when connected blocks are shown individually on the
LCD.

3.8.1

Input Blocks
The Input Blocks consist of System Inputs (I01 - I15), Key Inputs (K01-K08), System Bits (M01M24) or Link Inputs (E01 - E04). The input number is shown in the top right hand corner, the
type of input in the lower right hand corner, and the output pin is shown on the far right of the
block. Input Blocks provide information to the Function Blocks or Outputs.

3.8.2

Function Blocks
The individual Function Blocks are described in detail in Chapters 5 and 6. Function Blocks
can have 0 to 4 input pins shown on the left of the diagram and an output shown on the far
right. Some function blocks have data that can be used for comparison purposes only or are
used to display data onscreen. These blocks have no output pins. The number and block
mnemonic are shown in the top right and bottom right locations respectively.

3.8.3

Output Blocks
Output Blocks have one input and one output pin. They only have the capacity for one input
signal through the input pin. The Output Block number and Mnemonic are shown in the top
right and lower right hand corner of the diagram respectively.

3.8.4

Connected Blocks
Blocks that are connected can be shown simultaneously onscreen. The block providing the
output signal will be shown on the left of the screen. The input pin accepting the signal will
flash. Any input pin that is already connected will be shown as a solid triangle.

3 - 26

Simple Application Controllers

4.

Direct Programming 4

Direct Programming
The 2 can be programmed using the front panel keys on the 2 series controller. The
following sections will describe how to connect/disconnect function blocks, set program
parameters, add Function Blocks, and move around within the program.
The ProgEdit mode in the Stop Menu has full programming capability. The Monitor mode in the
Run Menu has the capability to manipulate Function Block values and settings but cannot edit,
change, or delete the existing program.

4.1

Block Availability
The number of System Inputs and Outputs is determined by the type of controller being
programmed. Configurations include 6 In/4 Out, 8 In/6 Out and 15 In/9 Out. Up to 200
Function Blocks can be used in a program or 5000 bytes of memory. The Function Blocks must
be added in the course of programming. The 8 Keys and the 24 system M bits are
automatically available for every program.
Inputs, Outputs, System Memory Bits, Extended Inputs, Extended Outputs, AS-i Outputs,
Control Bits, and Keys do not count in the Function Block total.

4.2

Connecting Blocks
Any block that has an output pin can be connected to any block that has an (unused) input pin.
System Inputs, Keys, and Memory M bits have output pins only.
Function Blocks and Outputs both contain input and output pins (the Display and TimeSwitch
Blocks are exceptions). Blocks can be connected beginning with an output pin, from left to
right on the display, or beginning with an input pin, from right to left on the display.

4.2.1

To connect the blocks from the left (signal provider) block to right (signal
receiver) block.
It is necessary to choose the block to provide the output (step 1), the block to accept the signal
(step 2), and the pin with which to accept the signal (step 3).
1 ) Step 1: Select the block providing the data to be output and move to the right until the
output pin is flashing. Press the + button to add a block.
01

In

2 ) Step 2: Choices will appear on the right side of the screen that include System Outputs (if
available), existing Function Blocks that have free input pins, and the option to add a new
function block (AddFB, see section 4.4). Scroll to the preferred option and select using the
OK key.
01
Ad d FB
O0 1
Co n n e c t

4-1

2 Simple Application Controllers

Direct Programming 4

3 ) Step 3: The block accepting the signal will display as many of its input pins as possible (at
times they will not all fit on-screen). Pins that have been used will show as filled triangles;
pins that are open will show as > signs. A Connect prompt will appear on-screen, either
above or below the left hand block. The current input choice will flash. Scroll to the desired
pin and press the OK key to accept. The process is complete.
01

001
P

Co n n e c t

4.2.2

To connect the blocks from the right (signal receiver) block to left (signal
provider) block.
It is necessary to choose the block input pin (Step 1), the signal provider (Step 2), and to
accept the connection (Step 3).
1 ) Step 1: Select the block that will be receiving the signal and move left until an input pin is
flashing. Scroll to the desired unused input pin (>). Press the + key to begin the
connection process.
01

001
P

In

CN

2 ) Step 2: Because output pins may have multiple connections, all the Keys, Function Blocks,
System Inputs, Outputs will show on the left of the screen as well as an option to AddFB.
Scroll to the preferred option and Press the OK key.
Co n n e c t
P
Ad dFB
M0 1

CN

3 ) Step 3: The chosen connection will be flashing on-screen along with the Connect prompt.
Press the OK key to accept.
Co n n e c t
P
CN

In

4.3

Disconnect Two Blocks

Blocks can be disconnected by implementing the following procedure.
Move to the connection that is to be disconnected. Enter - as the disconnect command. A
Disconnect prompt will appear on-screen. Press the OK key to accept the disconnect.

4-2

Simple Application Controllers

4.4

Direct Programming 4

Methods to Create a Function Block

The two methods of creating a Function Block. The New FB option in the Edit Menu and
AddFB option when connecting two blocks.

4.4.1

New FB
To use the New FB option, proceed to the Edit Menu (Chapter 3) using the ESC key. Scroll to
the New FB option and press the OK key. Scroll to the desired Function Block and press the
OK key to create a New FB. The block will appear on the Function Block Diagram board.
FB Se l e c t
A ND
OR
Bo o l e a n
Se t / Re s e t
R e t e n t SR
De l a y e dAL

4.4.2

AddFB
When connecting a Function Block, scroll to the AddFB prompt and press the OK key. This
invokes the Function Block list. Scroll to the desired Function Block and choose by pressing
the OK key. The Function Block will be shown on the screen with the connecting block.

4.5

Function Block Editing

To enter the Function Block editing menu (Chapter 3), press the OK key when the Function
Block number and name are flashing on the screen. Up to three options appear on-screen:
Setup FB, Change No, and Delete FB. The Setup Function option is not valid for some
Function blocks and so will not always appear and certain function blocks will also contain a
Time unit option (refer to chapter 6 for function block specification).

4.5.1

Setup Function Block

Each Function Block has its own individual parameters outlined in Chapter 6. The Function
Blocks might have multiple data screens that can be altered. As with other menu options, the
ESC key will move the screen back to a higher menu option without changing the option
parameters for that screen. If there are multiple data screens in an option, enter the required
data and accept each screen using the OK key. Use the ESC key to exit the Function Block.

4.5.2

Change No. (of a Function Block)

Change the number of an existing Function Block with this screen. The current FB number is
shown on-screen when the option is selected. Scroll up or down with the + or - keys to find
an open FB number. Press the OK key to accept the new number.

4.5.3

Delete FB
This menu option will Delete the current Function Block. After the Delete FB is chosen, confirm
the delete operation with OK or use the ESC key to cancel the function. All connections to
the Function Block will be removed with the block.

4-3

2 Simple Application Controllers

4.6

Direct Programming 4

Movement between Function Blocks

There are a number of ways to move from one item to another when in the ProgEdit or Monitor
modes.

4.6.1

Movement Between Unconnected Blocks

Movement between System Inputs, System Outputs, Keys, and M bits can be accomplished
with the + and - keys. When the block number is flashing on-screen, press the + key to
scroll to the higher value of the same block type; e.g. move from I01 to I02 to I03...until the
highest value is reached. The scroll will then proceed to the lowest value of the next block type.
The same technique will work for the - key in the opposite direction.
Function Blocks can be scrolled through in the same manner, although only the Function
Blocks are rotated through in this case.

4.6.2

Movement Between Connected Blocks

The Right arrow moves horizontally (to the right) along the path of connections between
blocks. If an output pin is connected to multiple input pins, the current path will flash. The Up
and Down arrows can be used to choose the desired path. The left arrow will move back along
the path of the connections to the left.

4.6.3

The Jump Command

The ESC key can be used to enter the Edit Menu at anytime when a function block is
displayed on the LCD screen. (The ESC key will cancel in-process commands first. Keep
pressing the ESC key until the Edit Menu is displayed). Select the Jump Command. Choose
any system Memory Bit, Input, Output, Key, AS-i Input, AS-i Output, Extended Input, Extended
Output, or existing Function Block by using the front panel keys. Press OK to Jump to the
chosen block in the programming mode.
E d i t Me n u
P r o gS i z e
J u mp
New FB
Ex i t
Mn e mo n i c

4.7

Using Keys as Inputs

Connect the Keys for use as Manual Inputs by using the Jump command to access the desired
key, by connecting a Function Block or Output as described in Chapter 3, or by scrolling
through the blocks as described in section 4.6.1.
The programmed Key(s) will give an output signal for as long as the key is depressed.

4-4

Direct Programming 4

Simple Application Controllers

4.8

The Monitor Mode

Function Block values and Output status can be manipulated from the Monitor option.
When placed in the Run mode, the 2 defaults back to the I/O status screen. Press the ESC
and OK keys together to enter the Top Menu and then enter Monitor. The program will now be
displayed on-screen. Movement among the function blocks is the same as in the ProgEdit
mode.

4.8.1

Monitor/Update Function Block Values

Move to the function block to monitor and enter Setup FB. The Function Block Values can be
updated and monitored. Changes to current values will be valid only while in the Monitor Mode.
Changes to Set point data and the comparison values will be written to the system memory.
Type

Abbreviated Terms

Forcing Conditions

EI

E0

Key

System bit

Control bit

Function Block

Input

Output

1 ) It is possible to force ON/OFF, however, the status is decided by hardware control.

2 ) It is possible to force ON/OFF, however, the status is decided by programming control.
3 ) It is possible to force ON/OFF. Only some FB, however, the status is decided by programming control.

4-5

2 Simple Application Controllers

4.8.2

Direct Programming 4

Forcing Outputs ON/OFF

Outputs can be forced ON/OFF if there is no direct conflict with the program. To force an
Output On, proceed to the position where the Output name and number are flashing and press
the OK key. A solid rectangle will appear underneath the block number to signify that the
block is ON.
Input pins will have a smaller solid block next to their arrow to show that they are activated. In
the block at right, the Delay output pins are ON, along with the input and output pins for the
system Output O01.
01

001
Ou t

An example of a block that cannot be forced follows.

Ex. Output O01 is connected to System Bit M01. M01 is constantly ON, therefore Output O01
is constantly ON and cannot be forced OFF.
01

\
O0 2
?

_M

4.8.3

Add/Delete Function Blocks in the Monitor Mode

The user cannot Add or Delete Function Blocks while in the Monitor mode.

4-6

5.

The Logic Function Blocks 5

Simple Application Controllers

The Logic Function Blocks

Logic Function Blocks operate by reading whether signals are ON or OFF and then setting the
status of their Outputs accordingly. There are six types of logic blocks available in the 2
Series - AND, OR, NAND, NOT, NOR, XOR. Analog signals cannot be processed by the Logic
blocks. In this chapter, each Function Block has a description, a diagram of the Function Block
as seen on the LCD Display, and a logic table to show how the Output is controlled by the input
signals.
Table 5.1: Boolean Logic function blocks

Logic
Block
State

Logic Block
Displayed

AND

1
2
3
4

OR

1
2
3
4

00
O
AND
00
O
OR
00

NOT

1
NT
00

XOR

1
2
XOR

NAND

NOR

1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4

00
O
NAND
00
O
NOR

Description

Memory
Use

Section
Reference

T h i s f u n c t i o n exe c u t e s l o g i c a l A N D
operation on given input signals. The input
signals connected should be of bit input
type only. 4 Bit input pins and 1 Bit output
pin. If all the inputs are ON then the output
is ON, otherwise output is OFF.

19 Byte

5.1

This function executes logical OR operation

on given input signals. The input signals
connected should be of bit input type only. 4
Bit input pins and 1 Bit output pin. If all the
i n p u t s a r e O F F t h e n o u t p u t i s O F F,
otherwise output is ON.

19 Byte

5.2

This function executes logical NOT operation on given input signal. The input signal
connected should be of bit input type only. 1
Bit input pin and 1 Bit output pin. Output is
negation of Input given.

10 Byte

5.3

This function executes logical XOR operation on given input signals. The input signals connected should be of bit input type
only. 2 Bit input pins and 1 Bit output pin.If
both the inputs are either OFF or ON then
out put is OFF, otherwise output is ON

13 Byte

5.4

This function executes logical NAND

operation on given input signals. The input
signals connected should be of bit input
type only. 4 Bit input pins and 1 Bit output
pin. If all the inputs are ON then output is
OFF, otherwise output is ON

19 Byte

5.5

This function executes logical NOR

operation on given input signals. The input signals connected should be of bit input type
only. 4 Bit input pins and 1 Bit output pin. If
all the inputs are OFF then out put is ON,
otherwise output is OFF

19 Byte

5.6

The logic FB have no parameters.

5-1

2 Simple Application Controllers

5.1

The Logic Function Blocks 5

The AND Block

The AND block comes ON when all the inputs are ON.
Any Input that is OFF will keep the Output turned OFF.
Unused inputs are considered to be ON.
If no Input pins are connected, the block output is OFF.
01

Output

1
2
3
4

00
O
AND

AND

Table 5.2: AND Logic gate

Input 1

Input 2

Input 3

Input 4

Output

On

On

On

On

On

On

On

On

Off

Off

On

On

Off

On

Off

On

Off

On

On

Off

Off

On

On

On

Off

On

On

Off

Off

Off

On

Off

Off

On

Off

Off

Off

On

On

Off

Off

On

On

Off

Off

On

Off

On

Off

Off

Off

On

Off

On

Off

On

Off

Off

Off

Off

Off

On

Off

Off

Off

Off

Off

On

Off

Off

Off

Off

Off

On

Off

Off

Off

Off

Off

Off

5-2

Simple Application Controllers

5.2

The OR Block

The Logic Function Blocks 5

The Output comes ON when any input is ON.

The Output remains OFF only if all the inputs are OFF.
Unused Inputs are considered to be OFF
1

01
Output

1
2
3
4

00
O
OR

3
4

OR

Table 5.3: OR Logic gate

Input 1

Input 2

Input 3

Input 4

Output

On

On

On

On

On

On

On

On

Off

On

On

On

Off

On

On

On

Off

On

On

On

Off

On

On

On

On

On

On

Off

Off

On

On

Off

On

Off

On

On

Off

Off

On

On

Off

On

On

Off

On

Off

On

Off

On

On

Off

Off

On

On

On

On

Off

Off

Off

On

Off

On

Off

Off

On

Off

Off

On

Off

On

Off

Off

Off

On

On

Off

Off

Off

Off

Off

5-3

2 Simple Application Controllers

5.3

The Logic Function Blocks 5

The NOT Block

The NOT block takes a signal and inverts it - an Input that is ON
has an Output that is OFF, and vice versa.
The Output comes ON when the input is OFF.
The Output is OFF when the input is ON.
If no Input pin is used, the block output is OFF.
The electrical circuit for a NOT block is the same as a Normally
Closed input.
Table 5.4: NOT Logic gate

5.4

Input

Output

On

Off

Off

On

00
O

1
NT

The XOR Block (Exclusive OR)

The Output comes ON when one input is ON and one is OFF. The
Output remains OFF when both Inputs are equivalent (either both
ON or both OFF).
Unused Inputs are considered to be OFF.
Table 5.5: XOR Logic gate
Input 1

Input 2

Output

On

On

Off

On

Off

On

Off

On

On

Off

Off

Off

00
O

1
2
XOR

5-4

5.5

The Logic Function Blocks 5

Simple Application Controllers

The NAND Block (Not AND)

The Output comes ON if any or all inputs are OFF.
If every input is ON, the Output turns OFF.
Unused Inputs are considered to be ON.
If no Input pin is used, the block output is OFF.
(This is equivalent to an AND block followed by a NOT block)
1

1
2
3
4

00
O
NAND

01
Output

2
3

4
NAND
.
Table 5.6: NAND Logic gate

Input 1

Input 2

Input 3

Input 4

Output

On

On

On

On

Off

Off

Off

Off

Off

On

On

On

On

Off

On

On

On

Off

On

On

On

Off

On

On

On

Off

On

On

On

On

On

On

Off

Off

On

On

Off

On

Off

On

On

Off

Off

On

On

Off

On

On

Off

On

Off

On

Off

On

On

Off

Off

On

On

On

On

Off

Off

Off

On

Off

On

Off

Off

On

Off

Off

On

Off

On

Off

Off

Off

On

On

5-5

2 Simple Application Controllers

5.6

The Logic Function Blocks 5

The NOR Block (Not OR)

The Output comes ON when all the inputs are OFF.
The Output remains OFF if any input is ON.
If no Input pin is used, the block output is OFF.
Unused Inputs are considered to be OFF
This block is equivalent to an OR block followed by a NOT block

1
2
3
4

00
O
NOR

01

Output

2
3

NOR

Table: 5.7: NOR Logic gate

Input 1

Input 2

Input 3

Input 4

Output

Off

Off

Off

Off

On

On

On

On

On

Off

On

On

On

Off

Off

On

On

Off

On

Off

On

Off

On

On

Off

Off

On

On

On

Off

On

On

Off

Off

Off

On

Off

On

Off

Off

On

Off

Off

On

Off

Off

On

On

Off

Off

Off

On

Off

On

Off

Off

Off

On

On

Off

On

Off

Off

Off

Off

Off

On

Off

Off

Off

Off

Off

On

Off

Off

Off

Off

Off

On

Off

5-6

2 Simple Application Controllers

6.

Function Blocks 6

Function Blocks
The 2 series controller is fundamentally based on function block programming. The blocks
provide a wide range of possible operations and have been preprogrammed for ease of use.
Some Function Blocks have parameters that can be tailored to meet individual requirements in
the programs. Each function block will have a description of the Blocks purpose, a diagram of
how the Block will appear on-screen, and a description of the inputs, outputs, and available
options.
Table 6.1: Function Block List
FB Name

FB Symbol
1
2
3
4

Boolean
[BL]

Set/Reset
[SR]

S
R

Pulse
[PL]

000
P
O
BL

000
P
O
SR

000
P
O
PL

000

Alternate
[AL]

I
C

Delay
[DL]

I
C

One Shot
[OS]

Flicker
[FL]

O
AL

000
P
O
DL

I
C

000
P
O
OS

000
P
O
FL

Description of Function Block

Memory
Use

Section

The Boolean Function Block uses Boolean

algebra to control the ON/OFF state of an
output. An operational expression consists
of either the AND, OR, NOR, XOR or NOT
form.

*1

6.3

The Set/Reset Function Block either holds

an output ON (set) or releases the output
OFF (reset.) Priority can be given to either
input pin if both inputs have been energised
simultaneously. The default priority setting
is dedicated to the reset input pin.

14 Byte

6.4

The Pulse Function Block sends a single

pulse to the output pin if the input pin
receives either an ON to OFF, OFF to
ON or ON to OFF And OFF to ON input
operation.

10 Byte

6.5

The Alternate Function Block is used to

reverse the ON and OFF state of the output
as and when the input pin receives a signal.
The output will be set ON when the input
pin goes high and remain ON until the input
receives the second rising edge.

13 Byte

6.6

The Delay Function Block provides an ON

delay timer and an OFF delay timer. Time
intervals for either situation can be set. The
time unit can be set to 10ms, 100ms or 1s
increments.

19 Byte

6.7

The One Shot Function Block awaits a

signal supplied to the input pin thereafter
setting the output according to the specified
time. The timing parameters control the
state of the output (depending on the
priority setting). The time unit can be set to
10ms, 100ms or 1s increments.

17 Byte

6.8

The Flicker Function Block changes the ON

and OFF state of the output according to a
preset flicker time. The time unit can be set
to 10ms, 100ms or 1s increments.

19 Byte

6.9

6-1

Function Blocks 6

Simple Application Controllers

FB Name

FB Symbol
000
P
O

Time
Switch
[TS]

TS

000
P

Time
Switch m
[TSm]

T Sm

000
P
O

Counter
[CN]

I
C

U/D
Counter
[UD]

U
D
C
P

UD

Compare
[CP]

000
P
O

Analog
Output

M
E

Offset
Gain
[OG]

Display
[DP]

Zone
Compare
[ZC]

CN

000
P
O

CP

000
P
AO

000
P
OG

000
P
DP

000
P
O
ZC

Description of Function Block

Memory
Use

Section

The Time Switch Function Block uses a

predefined time schedule to control the ON
and OFF status of the output.

*2

6.10

The Time Switch maintenance Function

Block uses a predefined time schedule to
control the ON and OFF status of the
output. The function block can be setup
from the TopMenu "Parameter" via the front
panel keys.

*2

6.10

The Counter Function Block increments the

current value by one as and when the input
pin receives a signal. When the current
value reaches the set value the output is set
ON. The counter current value is reset as
and when the clear pin receives an input.

16 Byte

6.11

The Up/Down Function block positively or

negatively increments the counter until a
set value is reached thereby setting the
output ON. A preset signal can also equal
the set value regardless of the current value
for the function block and thereby setting
the output ON.

22 Byte

6.12

The Compare Function Block monitors the

current value of the input pin in relation to a
preset expression. The expression consists
of =,>,>=,<,<= or <>. If the compared value
satisfies the expression subsequently the
output pin is set on.

17 Byte

6.13

The Analog Output function takes a digital

value input and delivers a corresponding
analog voltage or current to a selected
channel on the AL2-2DA module.

17 Byte

6.14

The Offset Gain Function Block is based

upon a linear function Y=A/BX+C to which
the value obtained from an analog input
(X:A01-A08) is set.

22Byte

6.15

The Display Function Block is used as an

interface between the user and the devices
held within the controller. Current values,
timer messages, user-defined messages
can be read.

*4

6.16

The Zone Compare Function Block

identifies whether the input value lies within
a specified upper and lower limited zonal
area and if so changes the status of the
output accordingly.

20 Byte

6.17

6-2

2 Simple Application Controllers

FB Name

Schmitt
Trigger
[ST]

Hour
Meter
[HM]

Speed
Detect
[SPD]

PWM
[PWM]

PID

Function Blocks 6

FB Symbol

000
P
O
ST

I
C

000
P
O
HM

I
U
C

000
O
P
SPD

000
P
O
PWM

A
E
E
A
C

00 00 00
OO
PP
PP II DD

000

Retentive
Alternate
[RAL]

I
C

Addition
[ADD]

Subtractio
n
[SUB]

O
RA L

000
O
P
A DD

000
O
P
SUB

Description of Function Block

Memory
Use

Section

T h e S c h m i t t Tr i g g e r F u n c t i o n B l o ck
compares an input value to preset high and
low limits. The output is ON when the input
value reaches the high limit and then falls
below the lower limit. The function only
processes the data when the function block
is receiving an input signal.

19 Byte

6.18

The Hour Meter Function Block holds the

output status ON for a maximum of 32767
hours, 59 minutes and 59 seconds. If the
input pin is turned OFF the elapsed time
will hold its value until either the clear pin
resets the time or the input pin is turned ON
again.

19 Byte

6.19

The Speed Detect Function Block is used to

count the incoming pulses max. 20Hz (with
an extension module max. of 1kHz) for a
set period of time. The upper and lower
limits can be set from -32768 to +32767
and the Period intervals set range is 1 to
32767 in 10ms increments.

25 Byte

6.20

The Pulse Width Modulation Function Block

changes the output status according to a
set period of time with a minimum of 100ms
and a maximum of 3276700ms in
increments of 100ms. The percentage duty
for the function controls the amount of
elapsed time before the output status is
changed.

16 Byte

6.21

T he PID Function Block is the 2

implementation of PID, a control method
used to obtain stable control over a system
variable. It is a equipped with an Autotuning function, which automatically adjusts
the Function Block parameters for the
specific application.

52 Byte

6.22

The Alternate Function Block is used to

reverse the ON and OFF state of the output
as and when the input pin receives a signal.
The output will be set ON when the input
pin goes high and remain ON until the input
receives the second rising edge. When the
power is turned OFF the function block will
use the last alternation operation to control
the output.

13 Byte

6.23

T h e A D D F u n c t i o n B l o ck i s u s e d t o
summate two input values

20 Byte

6.24

The SUB Function Block is used to subtract

two input values.

20 Byte

6.25

6-3

Function Blocks 6

Simple Application Controllers

FB Name

FB Symbol

Multiplicati
on
[MUL]

Division
[DIV]

Calculatio
n
[CAL]

Shift
[SFT]

SMS
[SMS]

Short
Message
Receiving
[SMR]

MU L

000
O
P
DIV

000
O
P
CA L

I
T
S
R

SFT

000
O
P

000
O

S MS

E
R

000
P
O
SMR

Short
Message
Receiving m
[SMRm]

E
R

Call
Detect
[CD]

E
R

Call
Detect m
[CDm]

000
P
O

000
P
O
SMRm

000
P
O
CD

E
R

000
P
O
CDm

Description of Function Block

Memory
Use

Section

The MUL Function Block is used to multiply

two input values.

20 Byte

6.26

The DIV Function Block is used to divide

two input values.

20 Byte

6.27

The CAL Function Block is used to perform

a calculation from the combination of
different Arithmetic function blocks.

*3

6.28

This Shift Function Block is used to transfer

the Shift Input status just before the Input
signal is set ON. It has a bit input pin, a shift
input pin, a set input pin, a reset input pin
and a bit output pin.

19 Byte

6.29

The GSM SMS Function Block sends the

LCD screen as a SMS message to either a
mobile phone handset or an E-mail account
for remote maintenance purposes.

*6

6.30

The Shor t Message Receive Function

Block searches for the occurrence of a
command in the SM. In case the command
text is exactly included in the SM, outputs
are changed.

*7

6.31

The Short Message Receive maintenance

Function Block searches for the occurrence
of a command in the SM. In case the
command text is exactly included in the SM,
outputs are changed. The function block
c a n b e s e t u p f r o m t h e To p M e n u
"Parameter" via the front panel keys.

*7

6.31

The Call Detect Function Block in case the

numbers of digits of both phone numbers
and the phone numbers itself are equal, the
CD Function Block output is switched on.

30 Byte

6.32

The Call Detect Function Block in case the

numbers of digits of both phone numbers
and the phone numbers itself are equal, the
CD Function Block output is switched on.
The function block can be setup from the
TopMenu "Parameter" via the front panel
keys.

30 Byte

6.32

6-4

2 Simple Application Controllers

Function Blocks 6

Description of Function Block

Memory
Use

Section

The Random One Shot Function Block

emits a random length single pulse to the
output.

19 Byte

6.33

The Delayed One Shot Function Block

emits a single pulse after a controlled delay
to the output.

20 Byte

6.34

The Delayed Alternate Function Block

alternates the status of the output with each
pulse after a controlled delay.

16 Byte

6.35

The Set/Reset Function Block either holds

an output ON (set) or releases the output
OFF (reset.) Priority can be given to either
i n p u t p i n i f b o t h i n p u t s h av e b e e n
energised. The default priority setting is
dedicated to the reset input pin. When the
power is turned OFF the function block will
use the last set or reset operation to control
the output.

14 Byte

6.36

Control
Display
[CDP]

The Control Display Function allows the

user to control the LCD image screens. The
function block can only be set in
AL-PCS/WIN-E software for Alpha Series
Controllers. When control bit N04 is ON, it
is possible to control the displayed User
Screen.

*5

6.37

Connect
[ _B ]

The Connect function block is an internal

device used to show the memory used by
input bits, system bits, AS-interface bits,
and the operation keys. No function block
appears on screen or is shown as being
used in the Memory Configuration Usage
dialog box. The purpose is only to calculate
the memory that is used by the bits listed
above.

10 Btye

6.38

Control for external devices through relays

and transistors.

10 Btye

FB Name

FB Symbol

Random
One Shot
[ROS]

I
C

Delayed
One Shot
[DOS]

I
C

Delayed
Alternate
[DAL]

I
C

Retentive
Set/Reset
[RSR]

000
P
O
RO S

000
P
O
DO S

000
P
O
DA L

S
R

000
P
O
RSR

000
I

O
_B

System
Outputs

6-5

Function Blocks 6

Simple Application Controllers

Note:
*1 Number of bytes used = 19 + 1 x (Characters in equation)
*2 Number of bytes used = 8 + 4 x (Number of time switches)
*3 Number of bytes used = 30 + 1 x (Characters in equation)
*4 Number of bytes used is decided by the displayed item.
Displayed Item

16 + 1 x (Each character displayed)

Characters
Analog, FB value

Number of bytes, 2 Series

Value

17

Graph

23

Time, Date

14

Time Switch

17

*5 Number of bytes used = 32 + 3 x (Number of screen)

*6 Number of bytes used = 12 + 1 x (Characters in E-Mail address)
*7 Number of bytes used = 37 + (Number of characters of setup commands)

6-6

2 Simple Application Controllers

6.1

Function Blocks 6

Definitions
DirectSet - Enter a value using the + and - keys.
Analog In - An analog input value from a System Input (A01, A02, A03,... A08).
FB Value - A value contained in a Function Block (T, t, N, n, Direct set, etc.)
Word Comparison - a 16 bit output value from a Function Block.

6.2

Abbreviations
Table 6.2: Abbreviated terms used in describing function block
Term

Description

Input pin for function block operation

1,2,3,4

Numbered Input pins for boolean logic type function blocks

Output pin for function block operation

Set pin for the function block

Reset pin for the function block

Clear pin for the function block

Increments a positive count to the Up/Down Counter Function Block

Increments a negative count to the Up/Down Counter Function Block

Preset signal input pin for the Up/Down Function Block

The count value set by the user, range: 0 - 32767

The actual count value. This value c an be set to a one time offset value,
range: 0 - 32767

For Shift function block only. Shift input pin

User specified Set Time Value, range: 0 - 3276.7sec

The elapsed time since the function set ON, range: 0 - 32767sec

Note: The following function block information, details specific explanation concerning
front panel programming using the 2 Series Controller. However, it is assumed the
user has read and understood Direct Programming Chapter 4. Thus, is capable of
connecting function blocks together using the dedicated front panel keys. Hence, each
function block provides step by step instructions for direct input having ignored the
initial key presses detailed in Chapter 4.

6-7

6.3

Function Blocks 6

Simple Application Controllers

Boolean block
The function block creates a logical operation using Boolean algebra consisting of AND, OR,
NAND, XOR and NOT gates. It is possible to express the Logic functions in the form of an
equation. Refer to Chapter 5 for detailed information concerning Boolean Logic operation.
Table 6.3: Boolean Function Block
Function
1
2
3
4

000
P
O
BL

Set Item
1,2,3,4
FB

Description
Numbered Input pins for boolean operation to control
User-defined logical boolean operation

Output

The output is controlled directly from the result of the boolean

operation involving the numbered input pins 1,2,3,4.

Table 6.4: Boolean expressional data

Item

Display

Description

AND

Intersection

OR

Disjunction

XOR

XOR

NOT

NOT

Left parenthesis

Right parenthesis

Signal connected to Input pin 1

Signal connected to Input pin 2

Signal connected to Input pin 3

Signal connected to Input pin 4

Output signal

Equal sign signal

1 ) Boolean Operation
1

01
Output

2
3

O=1 * 2 + 3

BL

AND OR

6-8

2 Simple Application Controllers

Function Blocks 6

Setup of the Boolean Function Block directly from the 2 Series Controller
1 ) Allocate the input pin to be used for the function block.
2 ) Press the OK key with the cursor in the function block. The function block edit screen is
displayed as shown.
B001 : BL
Se t u p FB
Ch a n g e No
De l e t e FB

3 ) Select Setup FB using the and keys and press the OK key. The boolean function
block edit screen is displayed as shown.
B001 : BL
[ O=

4 ) Enter the boolean expression via the ,

displayed as shown.

and

3
]

keys. A boolean expression is

3
B0 0 1 : BL
[ O= 1 * 2 + 3 ]
OR

5 ) Press the OK key after entering the boolean expression.

6-9

Simple Application Controllers

6.4

Set/Reset Block

Function Blocks 6

The function block will set or reset an output according to the input condition. When the SET
input is energised, the Output is ON. When the RESET input is energised, the Output is OFF.
When both inputs are energised simultaneously, the Output will follow the Priority Setting
signal. A latched Output does not depend on the constant signal to retain its status.
Set Priority - When the Set input comes ON, the Output comes ON and remains ON until the
Reset pin receives a signal. Once the Output is ON, the Set input signal can turn OFF without
effecting the Output. If both the Set and Reset pins are ON, the Output is ON.
Reset Priority - The operation is the same as the Set Priority except that when both pins are
ON, the Output is OFF.
Table 6.5: Set/Rest Function Block
Function

S
R

Set Item

000
P
O

Description

Set pin for the function block

Reset pin for the function block

FB

Allocates priority to either the set or reset function when both pins are
ON
The output of the function block operates in either an ON or OFF
state.

SR

Output

1) Set the output ON until the reset pin is ON.

2) Decides the status of the output depending which input pin has
priority.

1 ) Operation of reset priority

ON
Input pin S

OFF

Input pin R

OFF

ON

Output

ON

OFF

2 ) Operation of set priority

ON
Input pin S

OFF

Input pin R

OFF

ON

Output

ON

OFF

6 - 10

2 Simple Application Controllers

Function Blocks 6

Setup of the Set/Reset Function Block directly from the 2 Series Controller
1 ) Allocate the set and reset pins for the function block.
2 ) Press the OK key with the cursor in the function block. The function block edit screen is
displayed as shown.
B 0 0 1 : SR
Se t u p FB
Ch a n g e No
De l e t e FB

3 ) Select Setup FB using the and

screen is displayed as shown.

keys and press the OK key. The Set/Reset priority

B 0 0 1 : SR
Pr i or i t y
Se t
Re s e t

4 ) Select the Set or Reset priority using the

to the function block edit screen.

and

keys and press the OK key to return

6 - 11

6.5

Function Blocks 6

Simple Application Controllers

Pulse Block
The function block emits a single pulse at any of the following user defined times:
Table 6.6: Pulse Function Block
Function

Set Item
I
FB

000
P
O

Description
Input pin for pulse operation
Sends a single pulse depending on the function block conditional
setup.
The function block sends a single pulse depending on the chosen
pulse operation

PL

Output

1) From ON to OFF
2) From OFF to ON
3) From ON to OFF and OFF to ON

1 ) Operation From ON to OFF

Input pin I
Output
1 operation cycle
(time to process program once)

2 ) Operation From OFF to ON

Input pin I
Output
1 operation cycle
(time to process program once)

3 ) Operation From ON to OFF and OFF to ON

1 pulse width

Input pin I
Output
2 pulse width
1 operation cycle
(time to process program once)

6 - 12

2 Simple Application Controllers

Function Blocks 6

Setup of the Pulse Function Block directly from the 2 Series Controller
1 ) Allocate the input pin to be used for the function block.
2 ) Press the OK key with the cursor in the function block. The function block edit screen is
displayed as shown.
B001 : PL
Se t u p FB
Ch a n g e No
De l e t e FB

3 ) Select Setup FB using the and keys and press the OK key. Select using the
and keys the initiation type for the pulse operation.
B001 : PL
R i s eEdge
Fa l l Edge
Bo t hEdge

4 ) Press the OK key to return to the function block edit screen.

6 - 13

6.6

Function Blocks 6

Simple Application Controllers

Alternate Block
The function block inflicts a reversal of the ON and OFF state of the output as and when the
input is given to the input pin.
Table 6.7: Alternate Function Block
Function

Set Item

000
I
C

Description

Input pin for alternation operation

Clear input pin resets the state of the output regardless of the input
given.

FB

N/A
The output is affected in the following operation:

AL

Output

1) Reverse the ON/OFF state of the output whenever the input

signals ON/OFF operation to the input pin is turned ON (ON to OFF
or OFF to ON)
2) The clear selection resets the output regardless of the input given.

1 ) Alternate Operation
Input pin I

ON OFF
ON

Input pin C
Output

OFF
ON OFF

6 - 14

2 Simple Application Controllers

6.7

Function Blocks 6

Delay Block
The function block delays the signal to an output for a set length of time. The On or Off delays
can be set individually or in combination. Example: The On Delay Time is set to 5 seconds.
The Delay Block Input signal comes ON; five seconds later the Delay Block Output will come
ON. The Output signal stays ON as long as the Input signal is ON. The Output signal turns
OFF at the same time the Input signal turns OFF. The Clear Input will turn the Output OFF and
cancel the current operation. The Clear pin over-rides the Input pin if both signals are ON
simultaneously.
The On Delay option will delay the Output from turning ON for a set time after the Input comes
ON. The Off Delay will delay the Output from turning OFF for a set time after the Input has
turned OFF.
Table 6.8: Delay Timer Function Block
Function

Set Item

Description

Input pin for delay timer operation

Clear input pin resets the state of the output regardless of the input
given.

FB

Time units: 10ms, 100ms or 1s (*Note)

The following items are applicable for the delay function block:

I
C

1) The lag time setting for energising the output from a given input
signal can be given a controlled delay time; The starting value has a
range from 0s to 32767s

000
P
O

2) The lag time setting for denergising the output from a given input
signal can be given a controlled delay time; The starting value has a
range from 0s to 32767s

DL

Output

3) If the clear signal of the input pin C is turned on while the delay
function block is in operation consequentially the current value of the
ON delay timer and OFF delay timer resets to 0. Thus, the output is
turned OFF.
4) The following items are available for other function blocks:
a) On Delay
b) Current On Delay
c) Off Delay
d) Current Off Delay

Note: The ON/OFF delay time cannot be less than one scan time for the controller;
otherwise, the Delay Function Block will not perform its assigned task for the time
specified. Users can monitor the scan time from the 2 Series Controller. Scan time is
dependent on the user-program; therefore, caution is needed as and when time units
are selected.
1 ) Delayed Operation
In p u t p in I

ON
ON

In p u t p in C
O u tp u t

ON
O n d e la y
Tim e

OFF
O ff d e la y
Tim e

S h o rte r th a n
O n d e la y tim e

O n d e la y
Tim e

O n d e la y
Tim e
S h o rte r th a n
O ff d e la y tim e

6 - 15

Function Blocks 6

Simple Application Controllers

2 ) ON delay timer
Input pin I

ON
ON

Input pin C
Output

ON OFF
On delay
Time

Shorter than
On delay time

On delay
Time

On delay
Time

3 ) OFF delay timer

Input pin I
Input pin C
Output
Off delay time
Shorter than Off delay time

Setup of the Delay Function Block directly from the 2 Series Controller
1 ) Allocate the input pin to be used for the function block.
2 ) Press the OK key with the cursor in the function block. The function block edit screen is
displayed as shown.
B0 0 1 : DL
T i me u n i t
Se t u p FB
Ch a n g e No
De l e t e FB

3 ) Press the OK key to set the Time unit for the delayed output.
T i me u n i t
1 0 ms
1 0 0 ms
1 s

4 ) Press the OK key having selected the value for the delayed time unit and return to the
function block edit screen. Using the and keys highlight the Setup FB and press the
OK key. The screen displayed is shown.
B0 0 1 : DL
OnDe l a y
O f f De l a y

5 ) Select the On or Off Delay using the and

time can be entered using the + or - keys.

Keys and press the OK key. The Delay

B0 0 1 : DL
OnDe l a y
T=
0 . 1s
t=
0 . 0s

6 ) Press the OK key to accept the time figures and subsequently press the ESC key to
return to the function block edit screen.

6 - 16

2 Simple Application Controllers

6.8

Function Blocks 6

One Shot Block

The function block gives a single Output pulse for a controlled duration of time. If the Set Time
is 0 seconds, the block will function like the Pulse block. The Reset Input returns the Output to
the OFF condition and will override the Input pin.
Table 6.9: One Shot Function Block
Function

Set Item

Description

Input pin for one shot operation

Clear input pin resets the state of the output regardless of the input
Time units: 10ms, 100ms or 1s (*Note)

FB
I
C

000
P
O

The One Shot time T and t can be set using the chosen time units.
A Time or Input priority can be set.
The following items are applicable for the one shot function block:

OS

1) A period of 0s to 32767s for a single pulse output can be set.

Output

2) The output is turned ON during the single shot time duration as

and when the input pin receives a signal.
3) The output is cleared as and when the clear pin receives a signal.
4) The following items are available for other function blocks:
a) One Shot
b) Current One Shot

Note: The set time cannot be less than one scan time for the controller; otherwise, the
One Shot Function Block will not perform its assigned task for the time specified.
Users can monitor the scan time from the 2 Series Controller. Scan time is
dependent on the user-program; therefore, caution is needed as and when time units
are selected.
One Shot Operation
1 ) Time Priority
Input pin I
Input pin C
Output

ON OFF
set time

set time

2 ) Input priority
Input pin I
Input pin C
Output
set time

6 - 17

Function Blocks 6

Simple Application Controllers

Setup of the One Shot Function Block directly from the 2 Series Controller
1 ) Allocate the input pin to be used for the function block.
2 ) Press the OK key with the cursor in the function block. The function block edit screen is
displayed as shown.
B 0 0 1 : OS
T i me u n i t
Se t u p FB
Ch a n g e No
De l e t e FB

3 ) Press the OK key to set the Time unit for the delayed output.
T i me u n i t
1 0 ms
1 0 0 ms
1 s

4 ) Press the OK key having selected the value for the one shot time unit and return to the
function block edit screen. Using the and keys highlight the Setup FB and press the
OK key. The screen displayed is shown.
B 0 0 1 : OS
On e Sh o t
Pr i or i t y

5 ) Select the One Shot or Priority option using the and Keys and press the OK key.
The One Shot time can be entered using the + or - keys.
B 0 0 1 : OS
On e Sh o t
T=
0 . 1s
t=
0 . 0s

6 ) The Priority can be entered using the

or

keys.
B 0 0 1 : OS
Pr i or i t y
T i me
I npu t

7 ) Press the OK key to accept the time figures and subsequently press the ESC key to
return to the function block edit screen.

6 - 18

2 Simple Application Controllers

6.9

Function Blocks 6

Flicker Block
The function block provides a method to give a patterned ON/OFF Output signal. The user can
set independent ON and OFF times for the Output. The output pattern can be dependent on an
input signal, or can be performed for a preset cycle time or number of repetitions.
Table 6.10: Flicker Function Block
Function

Set Item

Description

Input pin for flicker operation

The following three set items exist:
1) The applicable range for the turning the output ON is 0s to 32767s
Time intervals are 10ms, 100ms or 1s (*Note)
2) The applicable range for the turning the output OFF is 0s to 32767s
Time intervals are 10ms, 100ms or 1s (*Note)

FB

3) Blinking operation
a) Cycles count (frequency assigned operation) maximum
number of cycles to be set is 32767
b) Time count maximum 32767
c) Continuous control

000
P
O
FL

The control operations provides an ON/OFF state for the output.

1) The output state directly reflects the ON and OFF condition of the
input signal at the input pin.
2) The following items are available for other function blocks:
a) On Flicker
b) Current On Flicker
c) Off Flicker
d) Current Off Flicker
e) Cycle or Time
f) Current Cycle or Time

Output

Note: The set time cannot be less than one scan time for the controller; otherwise, the
Flicker Function Block will not perform its assigned task for the time specified. Users
can monitor the scan time from the 2 Series Controller. Scan time is dependent on
the user-program; therefore, caution is needed as and when time units are selected.
Flicker Operation
1 ) Continuous control action
Input pin I

ON OFF
ON

Output

OFF
Off time
On time

Off time
On time

Off time
On time

2 ) Frequency control action

registered number of times
ON
Output
OFF
once
twice
three
times
Off time
On time
Input pin I

ON OFF
once

once

twice

Off time
Off time
On time
On time

6 - 19

Function Blocks 6

Simple Application Controllers

3 ) Time control action

registered number of times
Input pin I

registered number of times

ON OFF

Output
Off time
On time
On time

Off time
On time

On time

Setup of the Flicker Function Block directly from the 2 Series Controller
1 ) Allocate the input pin to be used for the function block.
2 ) Press the OK key with the cursor in the function block. The function block edit screen is
displayed as shown.
B0 0 1 : FL
T i me u n i t
Se t u p FB
Ch a n g e No
De l e t e FB

3 ) Press the OK key to set the Time unit for the delayed output.
T i me u n i t
1 0 ms
1 0 0 ms
1 s

4 ) Press the OK key having selected the value for the flicker time unit and return to the
function block edit screen. Using the and keys highlight the Setup FB and press the
OK key. The screen displayed is shown.
B001 : FL
O n T i me
O f f T i me
Pe r i o d

5 ) Select the On Time, Off Time or Period option using the and
OK key. The On Time can be entered using the + or - keys.

Keys and press the

B001 : FL
O n T i me
T=
0 . 1s
t=
0 . 0s

6 ) The OffTime can be entered using the + or - keys.

B001 : FL
O f f T i me
T=
0 . 1s
t=
0 . 0s

7 ) The Period can be entered using the

and

Keys.
B001 : FL
T i me
Co u n t
Co n t i n u o u

6 - 20

2 Simple Application Controllers

Function Blocks 6

8 ) Using the and keys highlight the Time option and press the OK key. The Time can
be entered using the + or - keys.
B001 : FL
T i me
T=
0 . 0s
t=
0 . 0s

9 ) The Count can be entered using the + or - keys.

B001 : FL
Co u n t
N=
0
n=
0

10 )Press the OK key to accept the time values and subsequently press the ESC key to
return to the function block edit screen.

6 - 21

Function Blocks 6

Simple Application Controllers

6.10

TimeSW Block
The real time clock within the TimeSW block can be programmed for date or weekly schedule
operation. Up to 50 time settings can be programmed into each Function Block and up to 200
function blocks can be used in any program. The total memory for a 2 program is 5000 bytes;
the number of time switches available will be limited by the program memory. Switch setting
numbers must be created with the NewData option. To input or update the data, scroll to the
desired time switch, press the OK key, and use the EditData function.
The difference between TS and TSm is allowable maintenance (m) from the TopMenu
Parameter in the 2 controller for direct programming.
Table 6.11: Time Switch Function Block
Function

Set Item

Description

FB

A function block can register 50 set schedules or less. The function

capacity for a controller is 200 blocks. The real-time clock
functionality is restricted by the 5000 byte memory capacity for the
controller.

000
P
O

1) The ON and OFF status of the output is controlled by the

scheduled calendar.

TS

Output

2) The date assignment is given priority if both date and week

assignments occur on the same scheduled day.
3) The largest schedule number is given priority when more than one
time switch function block occurs on the same day.

6.10.1 Setting the First Time Switch

Enter the Function Block Setup Screen and the message No Setting Data will appear. Press
the OK key to enter the NewData Screen. The New Data screen lets you choose between
using a calendar type of setting (Date) or a repetitive type of setting (Weekly). Each TimeSW
Block can mix Date and Weekly time switches indiscriminately.
B0 0 1 : TS # 0 1
N e wD a t a
We e k l y
Da t e

After choosing the type of time switch, a screen will appear with a time switch number flashing
in the top right corner. This screen is used to select the time switch to edit by using the + or keys. The only time switch available to begin is TS #01. Press the OK key to display the
option screen shown at right.
B0 0 1 : TS # 0 1
Ed i t Da t a
N e wD a t a
De l Da t a

EditData - Edit the data for the time switch number shown in the top line.
NewData - Add a new time switch. Time switch numbers will increment from the highest
current number.
DelData - Deletes a time switch. Higher numbered time switches will decrement.
Choose EditData and enter data as described in the following sections:

6 - 22

2 Simple Application Controllers

Function Blocks 6

6.10.2 For the Date operation:

The Date calendar screen is shown at the right. The setting options include the year/month/
day, hour (0-23), minute, and the Output ON or OFF action.
B0 0 1 : TS # 0 2
Thu
01 / 01 / 1998
0 0 : 0 0 o f f

The example shows a time switch that will turn ON on August 3rd, 2002 at 9:00 AM (Note 9:00 PM is designated on the 24 hour clock as 21:00). The day of the week is automatically
updated when the date is changed.
B0 0 1 : TS # 0 2
Fr i
03 / 08 / 2002
0 9 : 0 0 o n

A Monthly mode is also available to the user for direct per month setting. The user can set an
ON or OFF condition for a specified date of the month. The time switch can also be
programmed to perform on a yearly basis. Reduce the year to below 1998; the numbers
signifying the year will display as "*" and the day of the week message will appear as Yearly.
The operation will perform each year on the specified date.

6.10.3 For the Weekly Operation:

The Weekly Calendar is shown at right. The setting options include week of the month (0-5),
day of the week, hour (0-23), minute and Output ON/OFF status. Use the left, right, up, and
down buttons to move to different locations on the LCD display.
B0 0 1 : TS # 0 1
- - - - - - - - - - 0 0 : 0 0 o f f

The example screen shown at the right shows that the Output will turn ON at the following
times:
B0 0 1 : TS # 0 1
1 - 34 - M - W- - S
1 1 : 2 0 o n

The first week of the month on Monday, Wednesday, and Saturday at 11:20 AM.
The third week of the month on Monday, Wednesday, and Saturday at 11:20 AM.
The fourth week of the month on Monday, Wednesday, and Saturday at 11:20 AM.

6.10.4 To Enter New Time Switches

Enter the Function Block Setup Menu. Enter OK until the screen at right appears. Scroll down
and enter NewData. Choose either the Weekly or the Date type of switch. The TimeSwitch has
been created. Please see section 6.8.5 for instructions on how to enter the data.
B0 0 1 : TS # 0 1
Ed i t Da t a
N e wD a t a
De l Da t a

6 - 23

Simple Application Controllers

Function Blocks 6

6.10.5 To Edit Time Switches

Enter the Function Block Setup Menu. The currently selected time switch number will be
flashing in the top right hand corner. Use the + or - key to go to the time switch desired to
edit and press the OK key. Alternately, when the Edit Data screen appears, use the + or -
keys to change the time switch number.
B0 0 1 : TS # 0 2
Thu
01 / 01 / 1998
0 0 : 0 0 o f f

Choose the EditData option to view the selected time switch data.
Update data as required and accept with the OK key.

6.10.6 To Delete Time Switch Data

Enter the Function Block Setup Menu. The currently selected time switch number will be
flashing in the top right hand corner. Use the + or - key to go to the time switch to be deleted
and press the OK key. Choose DelData at the bottom of the screen and accept with OK.
B0 0 1 : TS # 0 3
Ed i t Da t a
N e wD a t a
De l Da t a

6 - 24

2 Simple Application Controllers

6.11

Function Blocks 6

Counter Block
The function block counts input pulses and turns the Output ON when a preset limit is reached.
The counter counts up only to a maximum value of 32767 and increments on the rising pulse.
Normal inputs count to a maximum of 20Hz, however, with an extension module attached
inputs EI1 or EI2 can count to a maximum of 1KHz.
Table 6.12: Counter Function Block
Function

I
C

Set Item

Description

Input pin for one shot operation

Clear input pin resets the state of the output regardless of the input
given if reset has been given priority.

FB

The counter function block can be incremented to a maximum of

32767 counts.

000
P
O

1) When the current incremental value reaches the set value of the
counter function block the status of the output is ON.

CN

2) The clear signal will reset the value of the counter to 0

Output

3) One incremental count is only registered if the input pin locates a

rising edge.
4) The following items are available for other function blocks:
a) Count
b) Current Count

Counter Operation
ON
Input pin I

OFF
ON

Input pin C

OFF

Current value of
counter
0
Output

5
(=set value)
0

3
0

OFF ON

Setup of the Counter Function Block directly from the 2 Series Controller
1 ) Allocate the input pin to be used for the function block.
2 ) Press the OK key with the cursor in the function block. The function block edit screen is
displayed as shown
B 0 0 1 : CN
Se t u p FB
Ch a n g e No
De l e t e FB

3 ) Press the OK Key and enter the counter function block settings using the +, -,
keys.

and

B 0 0 1 : CN
Co u n t
N=
1
n=
0

4 ) Press the OK Key and return to the function block edit screen.
6 - 25

Function Blocks 6

Simple Application Controllers

6.12

Up/Down Counter Block

The function block counts upwards and downwards and will turn the Output ON at the Preset
(or greater) value. The values are updated on the rising edge. Input pulses are counted to a
maximum of 20Hz.
Table 6.13: The Counter Function Block
Function

Set Item
U

Increments a positive count to the up/down counter function block

Increments a negative count to the up/down counter function block

Clear pin for the function block

Preset signal input pin for the up/down function block

The set value of the function block can be selected from the following
three sources:
1) Preset value from -32768 to +32767

FB
U
D
C
P

Description

000
P
O

1) Increments a positive count if a signal is received from pin U.

UD

2) Increments a negative count if a signal is received from pin D.

3) If pin U and pin D receive a signal simultaneously the current count
will not change.
Output

4) The ON status of the output is set from the current value equaling
or exceeding the set value.
5) The current value becomes the set value if the preset pin P
receives a signal; the status of the output becomes ON.
6) The following item is available for other function blocks:
a) Current Up Down Count

1 ) Counter Operation of input pin U, input pin D, current value and output
ON
Input pin U

OFF

Input pin D

OFF ON

Current value of
up-down counter

1
0

Set value (-3)

Output

1
0

-1

-2

-2
-3

ON

-4

-5

-4

-1

-1

-3

OFF

6 - 26

2 Simple Application Controllers

Function Blocks 6

2 ) Counter Operation of input pin U, input pin D, input C, input pin P, current value and output
Input pin U
Input pin D
Input pin C
Input pin P

Current value of
up-down counter
0

2
0

Set value (-4)

Output

2
-3
-4

ON

-2

0
-4

-5

-4
-6

-7

-5

-8

OFF

Setup of the Up/Down Counter Function Block directly from the 2 Series Controller
1 ) Allocate the input pin to be used for the function block.
2 ) Press the OK key with the cursor in the function block. The function block edit screen is
displayed as shown.
B 0 0 1 : UD
Se t u p FB
Ch a n g e No
De l e t e FB

3 ) Press the OK Key and enter the Up/Down counter function block settings using the +, -,
and keys. The Direct Set of the count s ettings can be entered.
B 0 0 1 : UD
D i r e c t Se t
N=
0
n=
0

4 ) Press the OK Key and an Analog In function block value can be entered.
B 0 0 1 : UD
D i r e c t Se t
Ana l o g I n
FB Va l u e

5 ) Press the OK key and using the ESC key return to the function block edit screen.

6 - 27

Function Blocks 6

Simple Application Controllers

6.13

Compare Block
The function block compares value 1 (V1) with value 2 (V2) using an operational based
instruction based upon the following conditions: =, >, >=, <, <= or <>. If current values satisfy
the operational expression then the output status is ON.
Table 6.14: Compare Function Block
Function

Set Item
I

Description
Input pin for compare operation
The following three set items exist:

000
P
O

1) Compare Value (V1):

a) Constant value set range:-32768 to +32767 with an initial value 0
b) Analogue value set range: A01-A08
c) Output value from a different function block
FB
2) Operational Expression: =, >, >=, <, <=, <>

CP

3) Compare Value (V2):

a) Constant value set range:-32768 to +32767 with an initial value 0
b) Analogue value set range: A01-A08
c) Output value from a different function block
Output

If Compare value (V1) and Compare value (V2) satisfies the

operational expression the status of the output is ON.

Setup of the Compare Function Block directly from the 2 Series Controller
1 ) Allocate the input pin to be used for the function block.
2 ) Press the OK key with the cursor in the function block. The function block edit screen is
displayed as shown.
B 0 0 1 : CP
Se t u p FB
Ch a n g e No
De l e t e FB

3 ) Press the OK Key and enter the function block settings using the

and

keys.

B 0 0 1 : CP
Cmp V a l 1
V1 =
V2
0

4 ) Pressing the OK key invokes the menu that lists the function block input data type.
B 0 0 1 : CP
D i r e c t Se t
Ana l o g I n
FB Va l u e

5 ) Press the OK Key and a Direct Set value can be entered..

B 0 0 1 : CP
Cmp V a l 1
D i r e c t Se t
0

6 - 28

2 Simple Application Controllers

Function Blocks 6

6 ) Or press the ESC key to return to the function block data input type menu, select the
Analog In selection and press the OK key
B 0 0 1 : CP
Cmp V a l 1
Ana l o g I n
0
A0 1

7 ) Or press the ESC key to return to the function block data input type menu, select the FB
Value selection and press the OK key.
B 0 0 1 : CP
Cmp V a l 1
No t Ex i s t
Va l i d FB

8 ) Using either the OK key or the ESC key depending on the acceptance of the setting.
Press the OK key when the Condition is highlighted. Thus, selecting the correct
comparator from the range.
B 0 0 1 : CP
Co n d i t i o n
V1 =
V2

9 ) Having set the V1, condition and V2 simultaneously use the ESC key to return to the
function block edit screen.

6 - 29

Function Blocks 6

Simple Application Controllers

6.14

Analog Output
The digital value on the word input pin is converted to a corresponding output voltage or
current on the specified channel on the AL2-2DA module. One of two output modes can be
selected, voltage or current output. In voltage output mode, digital values from 0 to 4000 are
mapped onto analog values from 0 to 10 volts. In the current voltage mode, digital values from
0 to 2000 are converted to a range of 4 to 20 mA. If a digital value less than the lower limit of 0
is input on the word input pin, the analog output will default to the lower limit of the analog
range (0 V or 4mA) for the specified output mode. If a digital value greater than the upper limit
is input, the analog output will default to the upper limit of the analog range (10V or 20mA) for
the specified output mode. The acceptable data types for the word input pin are constants,
analog inputs or FB output values. When more than one Analog Output FB is configured to use
the same channel, all FBs will be executed if their enable pins are active. The FB that is
executed last in the program will control the operation of the AL2-2DA board. The user cannot
know which FB will be executed last due to lack of knowledge of the controllers processing
algorithms. Care should be taken to avoid situations in which two or more analog output
function blocks may conflict.
Table 6.15: Analog Output Function Block
Function

000
P

M
E

Set Item

Description

The digital value to be converted is entered on this word input pin.

Output Mode. If OFF voltage mode is selected, if ON current mode is

selected. If not connected voltage mode is selected (default).

D/A conversion is only effective when Enable is ON. An unconnected

enable input defaults to ON.
The following two set item exist:

AO

FB

1) Digital word input to be converted by D/A conversion. Source can

be a constant, an analog input or the WORD output of a FB.
2) Select which channel (channel 1 or 2) to use on the 2DA board.

Output

1) Bit Output pin. When converting digital to analog, this pin is ON.

Output Characteristics
10V
10.1V
10V
Analog
Analog
output
output
0
4000
0 Digital input
4000 4040
Digital input

20mA
20.16mA
20mA
Analog
Analog
output
output 4mA
4mA
2000
0 0 Digital input 2000 2020
Digital input

Set up of the Analog Output Function Block directly from the 2 Series Controller
1 ) Allocate the input pin to be used for the function block.

6 - 30

2 Simple Application Controllers

Function Blocks 6

2 ) Press the OK key with the cursor in the function block. The function block edit screen is
displayed as shown
B 0 0 1 : CN
Se t u p FB
Ch a n g e No
De l e t e FB

3 ) Highlight Setup FB and press OK.

B 0 0 1 : AO
I n pu t Va l
Ch a n n e l

4 ) Highlight InputVal and press OK.

B 0 0 1 : AO
D i r e c t Se t
Ana l o g I n
FB Va l u e

5 ) If a constant output voltage is required, highlight DirectSet and press OK. If not, skip to
step 7.
B 0 0 1 : AO
A n a l o gOu t
D i r e c t Se t
0

6 ) Enter a Direct Set value using the + and - keys and press the OK key to accept the
value. Skip to Step 11.
B 0 0 1 : AO
I npu t Va l
Ch a n n e l

7 ) If an analog input will be used, highlight AnalogIn and press OK. If not, skip to step 9.
B 0 0 1 : AO
A n a l o gOu t
An a l o g I n
A01
0

8 ) Select the appropriate analog input and press OK. Skip to Step 11.
B 0 0 1 : AO
I n pu t Va l
Ch a n n e l

9 ) If an FB word output will be used as the input value for the Analog Output FB, highlight FB
Value and press OK. If not, skip to step 11.
B 0 0 1 : AO
A n a l o gOu t
Co u n t e r
B0 0 2

6 - 31

Simple Application Controllers

Function Blocks 6

10 )Select the appropriate FB output and press OK using the + and - keys. After selecting
the appropriate function block, select the FB value to be used. The controller will return to
the Setup FB menu.
Co u n t e r
Co u n t Va l

11 )Under the Setup FB menu, highlight Channel and press OK.

B 0 0 1 : AO
Ch a n n e l 1
Ch a n n e l 2

12 )Select Channel 1 or Channel 2 and press OK

B 0 0 1 : AO
I n pu t Va l
Ch a n n e l

13 )After setting up the function block, use the ESC key to return to the function block edit
screen.

6 - 32

2 Simple Application Controllers

6.15

Function Blocks 6

OFFSET Block
The function block is used to adjust an Analogue Input value according to the following linear
expression: Y=A/BX+C from which the values obtained through the analogue input channels
X:A01-A08 are set.
Table 6.16: Offset Gain Function Block
Function

Set Item
I

Input pin for Offset Gain operation

1) Setting the operational expression for the linear Y=A/BX+C
function
a) Y = Output value
b) A = Gain numerator value set range: -32768 to +32767
c) B = Gain denominator value set range:-32768 to +32767
d) X = Analogue input value from source A01 to A08
e) C = Offset value set range:-32768 to +32767

FB
I

Description

000
P

2) Setting the upper and lower clamp values (limit values)

a) H = Upper Limit set range:-32768 to +32767
b) L = Lower Limit set range:-32768 to +32767

OG

The function block only calculates data.

1) Data output:

Output

a) The resultant of the linear operation is rounded up or down when

the values are within the clamp (limit) values.
b) No signal from the input equates to the function block holding the
previous value obtained from the linear operation.
2) The following items are available for other function blocks:
a) Gain Analog value

Operation of Offset Gain relationship

Y: Output
Upper limit H
(Initial value: +32767)
A (numerator of Gain value)
C

B (denominator of Gain value)

X: Analog input
(A01 to A08)

Lower limit L (Initial value: -32768)

6 - 33

Function Blocks 6

Simple Application Controllers

Setup of the Offset Gain Function Block directly from the 2 Series Controller
1 ) Allocate the input pin to be used for the function block.
2 ) Press the OK key with the cursor in the function block. The function block edit screen is
displayed as shown.
B 0 0 1 : OG
Se t u p FB
Ch a n g e No
De l e t e FB

3 ) Press the OK Key and enter the function block settings using the and keys. The
parameters A, B, X, C, Low limit and High limit have to be specified for the linear
expression to operate correctly..
B 0 0 1 : OG
y =A / B x +C
L imi t : L ,H
0

4 ) Using the and arrows highlight A and press the OK key. A Direct Set using the +
and - keys can be entered, subsequently press the OK key to accept the Direct Set
value. (Repeat operation for B)
B 0 0 1 : OG
Co n s t a n t A
D i r e c t Se t
1

5 ) Highlight X using the

and

keys and press the OK key to set the Analog In channel.

B 0 0 1 : OG
y =A / B x +C
L imi t : L ,H
A0 2 :
0

6 ) The Analog In channel can be selected using the + and - keys, subsequently press the
OK key to accept the channel.
B 0 0 1 : OG
I npu t Va l
Ana l o g I n
A0 1
0

7 ) Highlight C using the

and

keys and press the OK key to set the constant value.

B 0 0 1 : OG
y =A / B x +C
L imi t : L ,H
0

8 ) A Direct Set using the + and - keys can be entered, subsequently press the OK key to
accept the Direct Set value.
B 0 0 1 : OG
Co n s t a n t C
D i r e c t Se t
0

6 - 34

2 Simple Application Controllers

9 ) Using the

and

Function Blocks 6

arrows highlight the high and low limit values.

B 0 0 1 : OG
y =A / B x +C
L imi t : L ,H
- 32768

10 )Press the OK and a Directset of the Low limit can be entered using the + and - keys.
B 0 0 1 : OG
L i m i t L ow
D i r e c t Se t
- 32767

11 )Press the OK key to accept the value and use the and arrows to highlight the high
limit value. Press the OK key and a directset value can be entered using the + and -
keys.
B 0 0 1 : OG
L imi t H i gh
D i r e c t Se t
32767

12 )Press the ESC key until the FBd is displayed.

6 - 35

Function Blocks 6

Simple Application Controllers

6.16

Display Block
The function block displays the specified information from the connected function block. Allows
information to be displayed on the LCD screen. The Position line sets the starting point for the
data or message to be displayed. There are 12 columns and 4 rows that can be utilised.
Table 6.17: Display Function Block
Function

Set Item
I

Description
Input pin for Display operation
1) The data is positioned using an X,Y plot
a) X axis : setting range:1-12
b) Y axis : setting range:1-4
c) Length : setting range:1-12
The following Data items can be viewed using the display function
block:

1) Strings - number of characters in a string must not exceed 63

a) Fixed
b) Flicker : setting range: 1-255 100ms Period
c) Scroll : setting range: 0-255 100ms Interval

000
P
DP

FB

2) Analog In
a) Value
b) Graph : Minimum : -32768 to 32767
Maximum : -32768 to 32767
Length
: 1 to 12
3) Function Block Value
4) Time Switch Data
5) Date : mm/dd/yyyy
6) Time : hh:mm

6.16.1 Displaying Data Onscreen

Character strings (letters, numbers, symbols), Analog values, Function Block values, the
current time and date can be viewed on the screen. If two Display blocks contain the same
positioning data, the data from the Function Block with the highest number will be displayed.
Character strings that run over the available number of spaces on a line will show on the next
line down. Function Block values, analog values, date, and time will not be displayed on the
next line. Function Block and analog values will be automatically updated on the screen as
they change.
When entering character strings, choose the desired character with the or keys. Move to
the left or right with the arrow keys. Accept the data with the OK key after all the data has
been entered.
Wa t e r

P ump
Is
On

The display shows On-screen only when the input is activated.

6 - 36

2 Simple Application Controllers

Function Blocks 6

6.16.2 Editing Data Onscreen

Values in Function Blocks, time, and date can be changed using the front panel keys. During
the function block setup, when the type of data to be shown onscreen is chosen - i.e. Function
Block, Date, or Time - type the + key to place the Display Block in the front panel edit mode.
An e will appear when the + is depressed. When the program is in Run, depressing any key
(that is not used elsewhere in the program) will cause one set of data onscreen to flash. If
multiple entries can be edited, use the arrow keys to choose the data to change.
To edit the time or date, press OK key when the appropriate data is flashing. Edit as required
and accept with the OK key. To edit the function block values, proceed to the value to be
adjusted as described above. Use the + and - keys to adjust the value onscreen and in
memory. To exit to the Top Menu, press the ESC and OK keys simultaneously. The Display
edit mode can be removed from the program by entering the - key in the function block setup
when the e is flashing. The e will disappear when the - key is pressed.
Setup of the Display Function Block directly from the 2 Series Controller
1 ) Allocate the input or word pin to be used for the function block.
2 ) Press the OK key with the cursor in the function block. The function block edit screen is
displayed as shown.
B 0 0 1 : DP
Se t u p FB
Ch a n g e No
De l e t e FB

3 ) Press the OK Key and enter the function block settings using the
position element and type of data is required.

and

keys. The

B 0 0 1 : DP
Po s ( 1 , 1 )
NoDa t a

4 ) Press the OK key having highlighted Pos( 1,1) and a X and Y interger can be entered
using the + and - keys. The X and Y values represent the location coordinates for the
displayed data. Press the OK key to accept the coordinate values..
B 0 0 1 : DP
Po s i t i on
X = 12
Y =
1

5 ) Using the

and

arrows highlight NoData. Press the OK key when ready.

B 0 0 1 : DP
S t r i ngs
Ana l og I n
FB Va l ue
TS Da t a
Da t e
T i me

6 - 37

Simple Application Controllers

Function Blocks 6

6 ) Highlight the Strings option using the and arrows and press the OK key to accept.
Either a Flicker or Scroll option can be selected to represent the string. If neither is elected
then a fixed position is indirectly chosen..
B00
Po
F l
Sc

1
s
i
r

: DP
(12 , 1 )
cke r
o l l

7 ) Press the OK key when either the Flicker or Scroll option is required. Set the Length (L)
and the Time (T) of the string using the + and - keys.
B 0 0 1 : DP
Po s ( 1 2 , 1 )
L=
1
T=
0 . 0s

8 ) Press the OK key to enter the character string for the Display Function Block. A
combination of and and the and arrows is needed to enter the entire string.
Press the OK key to accept. .
B 0 0 1 : DP
Po s ( 1 2 , 1 )
[
]
! " #$

9 ) If Analog In data is required to be displayed press the OK when Analog In is highlighted

in step 5. The following screen will be displayed. If an alternate Analog channel is being
used, press the + and - keys to select the correct channel..
B 0 0 1 : DP
Po s ( 1 2 , 1 )
Ana l o g I n
A0 1 :
0

10 )Press the OK key with A01 channel is flashing and either a value or graph can be viewed
for incoming analog data. Press the OK key for value and return to the previous screen ,
otherwise, highlight graph using the and and similarly press the OK key to set the
graphical parameters.
B 0 0 1 : DP
Ana l o g
Va l ue
Gr aph

In

11 )The graph option allows graphical representation of data in the form of a horizontal
bargraph, therefore, three parameters need to be entered to define the limitations. The
Length (LEN) value of the bargraph can be entered using the + and - keys. Use the
and to hightlight the MAX and MIN options accordingly. The Maximum (MAX) and
Minimum (MIN) values can be entered using the + and - keys. Refer to Table 6.16 for
range settings for each parameter.
B 0 0 1 : DP
L EN=
MA X =
M I N=

1
0
0

12 )If a Function Block Value is required to be displayed press the OK when FB Value is
highlighted in step 5.
B 0 0 1 : DP
FB Se l e c t
No t Ex i s t
Va l i d FB

6 - 38

2 Simple Application Controllers

Function Blocks 6

13 )If a Time Switch is required to be displayed press the OK when TS Data is highlighted in
step 5.
B 0 0 1 : DP
TS Se l e c t
T i me S W m
B0 0 1

14 )If Date is required to be displayed press the OK when Date is highlighted in step 5.
B 0 0 1 : DP
Po s ( 1 2 , 1 )
Da t e
02 / 14 / 2002

15 )If a Time is required to be displayed press the OK when Time is highlighted in step 5.
B 0 0 1 : DP
Po s ( 1 2 , 1 )
T i me
20 : 45

16 )Press the ESC key and return to the FBd for further programming.

6 - 39

Function Blocks 6

Simple Application Controllers

6.17

Zone Compare Block

This function checks whether a value is within a specified range. There are three values - the
Low Limit (L), Input Value (I), and High Limit (H). These values can be Set Directly, be
Analogue Inputs, or by Function Block values. The Output can be given a Set or Reset priority.
Set Priority - The Output turns ON when the Input Value is equal to or between the High and
Low Limits.
Reset Priority - The Output turns ON when the Input Value is outside the High and Low
Limits.
Table 6.18: Zone Compare Function Block
Function

Set Item
I

Description
Input pin for zone compare operation
The following conditions apply to the function block:
1) Low (compare value L)
a) Range: -32768 to +32767 with initial value set at 0
b) Analogue data A01-A08
c) Other function block data

FB
I

000
P
O

2) Input (input value I)

a) Range: -32768 to +32767 with initial value set at 0
b) Analogue data A01-A08
c) Other function block data
3) High (compare value H)
a) Range: -32768 to +32767 with initial value set at 0
b) Analogue data A01-A08
c) Other function block data

ZC

Output status:

Output

1) ON in the zone
The value from the input pin is compared with the preset high and low
values and sets the output ON when the zonal compare condition is
satisfied.
Otherwise the output is OFF.
2) OFF in the zone
The value from the input pin is compared with the preset high and low
values and sets the output OFF when the zonal compare condition is
satisfied. Otherwise the output is ON.

6 - 40

2 Simple Application Controllers

Function Blocks 6

Setup of the Zone Compare Function Block directly from the 2 Series Controller
1 ) Allocate the input pin to be used for the function block.
2 ) Press the OK key with the cursor in the function block. The function block edit screen is
displayed as shown.
B 0 0 1 : ZC
Se t u p FB
Ch a n g e No
De l e t e FB

3 ) Press the OK Key and enter the function block settings using the

and

keys.

B 0 0 1 : ZC
Cmp V a l L
L < = I < =H : S
0

4 ) Pressing the OK invokes the input data type menu..

B 0 0 1 : ZC
D i r e c t Se t
Ana l o g I n
FB Va l u e

5 ) Press the OK Key and a DirectSet value can be entered.

B 0 0 1 : ZC
Cmp V a l L
D i r e c t Se t
0

6 ) Press the OK Key and an Analog Input in can be entered.

B 0 0 1 : ZC
Cmp V a l L
Ana l o g I n
A0 1
0

7 ) Press the OK key and data from another function block can be entered.
B 0 0 1 : ZC
Cmp V a l L
No t E x i s t
Va l i d FB

8 ) Having set the L and H condition using the same procedure and specified the Set or Reset
while in zone compare area use the ESC key to return to the function block edit screen.

6 - 41

Function Blocks 6

Simple Application Controllers

6.18

Schmitt Trigger Block

The Schmitt Trigger is used to compare an Input value against a specified high and low limits
thus turn the Output ON/OFF when certain conditions are met. There are three values that
must be set - the Input Value, the Low Limit and the High Limit. All three values can be either
DirectSet, Analog In, or Function Block values. When the High Limit value is larger than the
Low Limit value, the output will turn ON when the High Limit value is reached or exceeded. The
Output will turn Off when the Input value is equal to or less than the Low Limit. (The Output
does not turn OFF when the Input Value falls below the High Limit), eg. an air conditioner is set
to turn ON when the air temperature reaches 23 C and turn OFF when the temperature
reaches 18 C. The air conditioner is not constantly turning ON and OFF over slight
temperature fluctuations.
When the High Limit value is less than the Low Limit value, the Output ON/OFF pattern is
reversed. When the Input Value is greater than or equal to the Low Limit Value, the Output
turns OFF. When the Input Value is equal to or less than the High Limit value, the Output
comes ON. The input pin must be ON for the Function Block to register a new value from a
Function Block or Analog Input. Therefore, the input pin must be ON for the status of the
Output to change. The input pin does not have to be ON for the Output to be ON.
Table 6.19: Schmitt Trigger Function Block
Function

Set Item
I

Description
Input pin for Schmitt Trigger operation
The following conditions apply to the function block:
1) Low (compare value L)
a) Range: -32768 to +32767 with initial value set at 0
b) Analogue data A01-A08
c) Other function block data

000
P
O

FB
ST

2) Input (input value I)

a) Range: -32768 to +32767 with initial value set at 0
b) Analogue data A01-A08
c) Other function block data
3) High (compare value H)
a) Range: -32768 to +32767 with initial value set at 0
b) Analogue data A01-A08
c) Other function block data
The compare instruction is only performed if the input signal is ON.

Output

Output Status:
refer to the operation time charts for schmitt trigger condition.

6 - 42

2 Simple Application Controllers

Function Blocks 6

1 ) High Value > Low Value

Input pin I

OFF ON

Limit (H)

Input value (I)

Limit (L)

Output

ON OFF

2 ) Low value > High value

Input pin I

OFF ON

Limit (L)

Input value (I)

Limit (H)

Output

OFF ON

3 ) High value = Low Value

Input pin I

ON OFF

Limit (L) = Limit (H)

Input value (I)

Output

ON OFF

*1

Note: *1For Analog or FB value inputs, the lower and upper limits are not equal.

6 - 43

Simple Application Controllers

Function Blocks 6

Setup of the Schmitt Trigger Function Block directly from the 2 Series Controller
1 ) Allocate the input pin to be used for the function block.
2 ) Press the OK key with the cursor in the function block. The function block edit screen is
displayed as shown.
B0 0 1 : ST
Se t u p FB
Ch a n g e No
De l e t e FB

3 ) Press the OK Key and enter the function block settings using the

and

keys.

B0 0 1 : ST
I np u t Va l
L imi t =L , H
0

4 ) Press the OK key with the InputVal highlighted and the user can enter a the appropriate
Input Val data from either a DirectSet, Analog In or other FB Values.
B0 0 1 : ST
D i r e c t Se t
Ana l o g I n
FB Va l u e

5 ) The Low and High limit can be given Input Val data from either a DirectSet, Analog In or
other FB Values. Press the ESC key to return the edit screen for the function block and
the user can change the low or high limits either by DirectSet, Analog In or FB Value.

6 - 44

2 Simple Application Controllers

6.19

Function Blocks 6

Hour Meter Block

The Hour Meter is used to track the amount of time that a device has been in operation. This
can be very useful for preventative maintenance schedules or for performing feasibility studies.
The timing starts at the receipt of an Input signal and retains the accumulated time through
system shutdowns or power failures. When the Set Time value is reached, the block Output will
turn ON. The Hour Meter will continue recording time after the Output time is reached. A signal
to the Clear pin will reset the current time value to zero.
Table 6.20: Hour Meter Function Block
Function

Set Item

Description

Input pin for hour meter operation

Clear pin for function block

1) Time units are either hh:mm or mm:ss

FB
000
P
O

I
C

2) Time setting range:

a) 0-32767 hours with initial value 0
b) 0 - 59 minutes with initial value 0
c) 0 - 59 seconds with initial value 0
1) The output is turned ON after the set time has elapsed.

HM

2) The function block retains the previous value if there is no signal

from the input pin and restarts with this value when the input is given
a signal again.
Output

3) The current time value is reset if the clear pin receives a signal.
4) The following items are available for other function blocks:
a) Set Hour
b) Current Hour
a) Set Minute
b) Current Minute

1 ) Hour operation time chart

Start
Suspend
Restart
timekeeping timekeeping timekeeping

Start
Start
Restart
timekeeping timekeeping timekeeping

Input pin I
Suspend
timekeeping

Input pin C
Output

Timekeeping

Corresponds
with set time
Timekeeping
Suspending
timekeeping

Current value

6 - 45

Function Blocks 6

Simple Application Controllers

Setup of the Hour Meter Function Block directly from the 2 Series Controller
1 ) Allocate the input pin to be used for the function block.
2 ) Press the OK key with the cursor in the function block. The function block edit screen is
displayed as shown.
B 0 0 1 : HM
T i me u n i t
Se t u p FB
Ch a n g e No
De l e t e FB

3 ) Press the OK key to set the Time unit for the delayed output.
T i me u n i t
h h : mm
mm : s s

4 ) Press the OK key having selected the correct time unit and return to the function block
edit screen. Using the and keys highlight the Setup FB and press the OK key.
B 0 0 1 : HM
Ho u r
Mi nu t e

5 ) Press the OK key with Hour highlighted and using the ,

hour time for the specified block.

, + and - Keys enter the total

B 0 0 1 : HM
Ho u r
T=
1h
t=
0h

6 ) Press the OK key with Minute highlighted and using the ,

total minute time for the specified block.

, + and - Keys enter the

B 0 0 1 : HM
Mi nu t e
T=
0m
t=
0m

6 - 46

2 Simple Application Controllers

6.20

Function Blocks 6

Speed Detect Block

The function block measures the signal input frequency for a set user defined period of time.
The frequency is constantly compared to a preset high and low threshold values and the
output is set ON if the conditions are satisfied. The speed detect function block is used to count
incoming pulses, however, for normal inputs without the AL2-4EX expansion module
connected the incoming pulses are restricted to 20Hz. The AL2-4EX, with inputs EI1 or EI2,
expansion module allows for 1KHz incoming pulses to be measured.
Table 6.21: Speed Detect Function Block
Function

Set Item

Description

Input pin for speed detect function block

Count incoming signal

Clear pin for function block

The function block counts incoming pulses when the input is ON.
When the input signal is OFF, the actions to count the pulses of the
counter input and compare the speed with upper and lower threshold
limit will stop.
1) Speed and output values will not be cleared unless the clear pin
receives a signal to reset the counter.

I
U
C

000
P
O

FB

SPD

2) Upper limit> Lower limit:

The output signal will be OFF when the speed output value is equal to
or less than the lower limit value. If the speed output value is equal to
or larger than the upper limit value the output status will be ON.
Otherwise the output signal does not change.
3) Lower limit > Upper limit
The output signal will be OFF when the speed output value is equal to
or larger than the lower limit value. If the speed output value is equal
to or less than the upper limit value the output status will be ON.
Otherwise the output signal does not change.
4) Lower limit = Higher limit
The output status is ON if the Speed Output = Lower limit = Upper
limit. Otherwise the output signal is OFF.
5) Function Block data:
a) Period setting value: 1 to 32767
Output status:
refer to the speed detect time charts for output status.

Output

1) The following items are available for other function blocks:

a) Set Period
b) Current Period

Note: The Speed Detect function (SPD) block can use only 1 high speed frequency
(Max.1kHz) in any one program. Subsequent SPD function blocks can only use a
maximum of 20Hz for high speeding counting.

6 - 47

Function Blocks 6

Simple Application Controllers

1 ) Upper limit > Lower limit

Normal input max. 20Hz
Input pin

OFF

ON

Count input pin

ON
Clear input pin

Current value of
counter

5
1

5
4
1

4
1

Set cycle
9
Upper limit: 7
Lower limit: 4
Speed output
value

4 0

ON

Output pin

ON

Interrupt input terminal for AL2-4EX max.1kHz

Input pin
Count input pin
(EI01/EI02 on
AL2-4EX)
ON

Clear input pin

Current value of
counter

10

6
5

4
0

Set cycle
Processing timing

Upper limit: 7
Lower limit: 4
Speed output
value
Output pin

1 scan
time

10
6

0
OFF

ON

OFF

6 - 48

2 Simple Application Controllers

Function Blocks 6

2 ) Upper limit < Lower limit

Normal input max. 20Hz
Input pin

OFF

ON

Count input pin

ON
Clear input pin

Current value of
counter

5
1

5
4
1

4
1

Set cycle
9
Lower limit: 7
Upper limit: 4
Speed output
value

4 0

ON

Output pin

Interrupt input terminal for AL2-4EX max. 1KHz

Count input pin
(EI01/EI02 on
AL2-4EX)
ON

Clear input pin

Current value of
counter

10

6
5

4
0

Set cycle
Processing time

Lower limit: 7
Upper limit: 4
Speed output
value
Output pin

1 scan
time
0

10
6
0

ON

ON

6 - 49

Function Blocks 6

Simple Application Controllers

3 ) Upper limit = Lower limit

Normal input max. 20Hz
Input pin

OFF

ON

Count input pin

ON
Clear input pin

Current value of
counter

5
1

5
4
1

4
1

Set cycle
9
Upper limit: 5
Lower limit: 5
Speed output
value

4 0

ON

Output pin

Interrupt input terminal for AL2-4EX max 1KHz

Count input pin
(EI01/EI02 on
AL2-4EX)
ON

Clear input pin

Current value of
counter

10

6
5

4
0

Set cycle
Processing time

Upper limit: 6
Lower limit: 6
Speed output
value
Output pin

1 scan
time

10
6

ON

6 - 50

2 Simple Application Controllers

Function Blocks 6

Setup of the Speed Detect Function Block directly from the 2 Series Controller
1 ) Allocate the input pin to be used for the function block.
2 ) Press the OK key with the cursor in the function block.
The function block edit screen is displayed as shown.
B 0 0 1 : SPD
Se t u p FB
Ch a n g e No
De l e t e FB

3 ) Press the OK Key and enter the function block settings using the

and

keys.

B 0 0 1 : SPD
Pe r i o d
Spe ed ( L , H )

4 ) Press the OK key with Period highlighted and the user can enter a T and t value using the
, , + and - keys.
B001
Pe r
T=
t=

: SPD
i od
1 . 00s
0 . 00s

5 ) Press the OK key to return to the function block settings screen. Highlight the Speed(L,H)
option using the and keys. The limits can be set by highlighting L or H and pressing
the OK key. A Directset value, Analog In or FB value can be entered.
B 0 0 1 : SPD
D i r e c t Se t
Ana l o g I n
FB Va l u e

6 ) Press the ESC key until the user returns to the function block diagram.

6 - 51

Function Blocks 6

Simple Application Controllers

6.21

Pulse Width Modulation

The function block emits a continuous pulse train output when an input is given at a preset duty
cycle.
Table 6.22: Pulse Width Modulation
Function

Set Item
I

Description
Input pin for the pulse width modulation function block
1) The PWM function operates concurrently with the input pin status
set ON.
2) The width of the pulse is dominated by the duty and value of the
period.

FB

000
O
P
PWM

3) Duty (setting range:0-100%)

a) Constant Value
b) Analog In
c) FB Value
4) The period is restricted to a setting range: 1 to 32767 x 100ms
(*Note)
The function block is used to control the width of the output pulse
based on a specified period of time and duty.

Output

1) The bit output pin is set on for the length of the duty specified.
2) The following items are available for other function blocks:
a) Set Period
b) Current Period

Note:
The ON/OFF time cannot be less than one scan time for the controller; otherwise, the PWM
Function Block will not perform its assigned task for the time specified. Users can monitor the
scan time from the 2 Series Controller. Scan time is dependent on the user-program;
therefore, caution is needed as and when time units are selected.
1 ) PWM operation time chart.
Input pin

OFF

ON

Output pin

OFF

ON

OFF

Duty: 70%
(ON Time: 70%)
Set cycle
Current value
in cycle

Note:
10ms step for minimum resolution.

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2 Simple Application Controllers

Function Blocks 6

Setup of the Pulse Width Modulation Function Block directly from the 2 Series Controller
1 ) Allocate the input pin to be used for the function block.
2 ) Press the OK key with the cursor in the function block. The function block edit screen is
displayed as shown.
B 0 0 1 : PWM
Se t u p FB
Ch a n g e No
De l e t e FB

3 ) Press the OK Key and enter the function block settings using the Up and Down keys.
B 0 0 1 : PWM
Pe r i o d
Du t y

4 ) Press the OK key with Period highlighted and the user can enter a T and t value using the
, , + and - keys.
B 0 0 1 : PWM
Pe r i o d
T=
1 . 0s
t=
0 . 0s

5 ) Press the OK key to return to the function block settings screen. Highlight the Duty option
using the 0 and keys. The Duty can be entered by pressing the OK key. A Directset
value, Analog In or FB value can be entered.
B 0 0 1 : PWM
D i r e c t Se t
Ana l o g I n
FB Va l u e

Press the ESC key until the user returns to the function block diagram.

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Function Blocks 6

Simple Application Controllers

6.22

PID Block
The PID Function Block contains the 2 implementation of PID, a control method used to
obtain stable control over a system variable. The chapter describes, in detail, the necessary
parameter adjustments for using the PID Function Block properly. A simpler alternative is to
run the Auto-tuning function, which automatically adjusts the parameters for the specific
system. The following terms will be used throughout this chapter, Process Value (PV), Set
Value (SV) and Manipulated Value (MV). The PV is the current measured value of the system
parameter that PID is controlling. SV is the desired value of the parameter being controlled and
MV is the output of the PID Function Block used to drive the PV to the SV. Up to 20 PID
Function Blocks may be used in a program.
Table 6.23: PID Block
Function

E
A
C

000
O
P
PID

Set Item

Description

Enable pin for the PID Block. The Error output is reset when the pin
goes OFF. If left unconnected, the function block will always be
enabled.

Starts Auto-tuning on the transition from OFF to ON. If the pin is

unconnected it is considered OFF.

Clears all output signals and stops Auto-tuning, when turned ON. If
left unconnected, the pin is considered to be OFF.

SV

The word input pin for the set value. If left unconnected a set value of
0 is used in the control calculations.

PV

The word input pin for the process value. If left unconnected a
process value of 0 is used in the control calculations.

FB

Refer to the Timing Diagrams and Parameter Settings below.

1) AT RUNNING turns on when auto-tuning is in operation.

Output

2) The following outputs are available for other function blocks:

a) MV (Manipulation Value)
b) ERROR CODE

PID Function Block Operation - Timing Diagrams

1) PID Operation when Auto-tuning has finished normally.
AT start

operation performed
with new parameter

EN
PID operation
AT
CLEAR
AT RUNNING

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2) PID Operation when Auto-tuning was interrupted

PID operation with
old parameters

Clear

EN

PID operation
AT
CLEAR
AT RUNNING

3) Error Occurance
Error occured
EN

MV

ERROR

6.22.1 Parameter List and PID Details.

Table 6.24: List of the PID Parameters,
Parameter Parameter Description
SV
Set Value
PV
Process Value
MV
Manipulated Value
TS
Sampling time
KP

Proportional gain

Range

Default

-32768 - 32767

-32768 - 32767

0 - 4000

1 - 32767

50

1 - 32767

75

Unit

10 ms
0.1%1
0.01%2

TI

Integration time

0 - 32767

40

100 ms

KD

Derivative gain

0 - 100

50

TD

Derivative time

0 - 32767

100

10 ms

Noise filter

0 - 99

50

ULV

Output upper limit value (ULV)

LLV - 4000

4000

LLV

Output lower limit value (LLV)

0 - ULV

AT Bias

Auto-tuning Bias

-32768 - 32767

Direction

Direction of operation

forward or reverse

reverse

Control
Response

Control response parameter

fast, normal, slow

normal

PID control PID control after auto-tuning

P, PI, PID
after AT
completes

PID

1. Units

of 0.1% are used for analog inputs, FB word outputs, and temperature inputs using a
Celsius scale.
2. Units of 0.01% are used for temperature inputs using a Fahrenheit scale.
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Function Blocks 6

Simple Application Controllers

Table 6.25: PID Equations

PV fn = PVn + f (PV fn 1 PVn )

Filtered Process Value

Filtered Set Value

SV fn =

1
(TS SVn + TI (SVn SVn1 ) + TI SV fn 1 )
TS + TI
EVn = PV fn SV fn

Deflection (Error Value)

In =

Integration Value

Derivative Value

Dn =

TS
EVn
TI

TD
(PV fn 2PV fn1 + PV fn2 + K D Dn1 )
TS + K DTD

C o n t r o l Va l u e C h a n g e i n
Forward Operation

MVn = K P ((EVn EVn 1 ) + I n + Dn )

C o n t r o l Va l u e C h a n g e i n
Reverse Operation

MVn = K P ((EVn EVn 1 ) + I n + Dn )

MVn = MVn

Manipulation Value

Table 6.26: List of Additional Variables used in the PID equations

Variable

Description

EVn

Deflection for current sample

EVn-1

Deflection of previous sample

In

Intergration Value for current sample

KD

Derviative Gain

KP

Proportional Gain

MVn

Output Value for current sample (Manipulated Value)

PVfn

Measured Value (filtered) for current sample

PVfn-1

Measured Value (filtered) for previous sample

PVfn-2

Measured Value (filtered) for two samples ago

PVn

Measured Value for current sample

SVfn

Set Value (filtered) for current sample

SVfn-1

Set Value (filtered) for previous sample

SVn

Set Value for current sample

SVn-1

Set Value for previous sample

TD

Dervative Time

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Function Blocks 6

Table 6.26: List of Additional Variables used in the PID equations

Variable

Description

TI

Integration Time

TS

Sample Time

MVn

Change in Manipulated Value for the current sample

Proportional gain coefficient (See Control Response)

Input value filter coefficient

Integration time coefficient (See Control Response)

6.22.2 Setting the Input Values, SV and PV

Set Value, SV. SV is the target
value for the system parameter
under PID control. The SV pin on
the Function Block accepts a
constant, a value from an analog/
tem perature input or a word
output from another Function
B l o c k . T h i s va l u e c a n b e
changed during PID operation. A
change during Auto-tuning has
no effect.
Process Value, PV. The PV is
the current measured value of
the system parameter under PID
control. The PID Function Block
output drives the PV toward the
SV when PID control is operating
correctly. The PV field should
contain the appropriate signal
from the system under PID
control.

6.22.3 Setting the Function Block Parameters

Proportional Gain, KP. KP scales the magnitude of the MV. If only proportional control (Pcontrol without I- or D-control) is used, the Manipulated Value is purely dependent on the
change in deflection. (Deflection is the difference between the current state and the desired
state, also known as error value.) If PI- or PID-control is used, then the MV will depend on
other factors as well as deflection. The change in deflection between two adjacent sample
points is essentially a measure of how fast the Process Value is moving toward the SV. It is not
simply the difference between the current state, PV nf and the desired state, SVnf. The KP
parameter can be set manually or automatically with the Auto-tuning function. The default
value for KP is 75 with a possible setting range of 1 to 32767. The units of KP depend on the
type of word data that is used. See the table below for the units. A small KP causes the PV to
rise slowly, to stablize slowly and to overshoot less. See section 6.22.5 for more information on
the formulas used for determining the system parameters during Auto-tuning.

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Function Blocks 6

Simple Application Controllers

Note:
Other PID systems may calculate proportional control based on the magnitude of the current
deflection only.
Table 6.27: Units for KP
Units

Type of Word data

Default Value

Range

0.1%

Analog input
Function Block word output
Temperature input using the
Celsius scale.

7.5%

0.1% to 3276.7%

0.01%

Temperature input using the

Fahrenheit scale

0.75%

0.01% to 327.67%

Figure 6.22a. Characteristic response for different KP parameters

Set value (SV)
Process value (PV)

PV
offset error

KP3

KP3 > KP2 > KP1 (Proportional gain)

KP2
KP1
Time

Integration Time, TI. A common problem with P-control is that it tends to stabilize the PV at a
value not equal to the SV (this is called an offset error). With PI-control, a temporal integration
factor is added to deal with this problem. The idea behind PI-control is to ramp up the effect of
P-control, if an offset error persists over time. The T I parameter can be set manually or
automatically with the Auto-tuning function. The default value for TI is 40 (4 seconds) but can
be set to any value within the range of 1 to 32767 (in 100ms units). When a small value for TI is
set, the PV will reach the SV within a relatively short amount of time with greater searching
(e.g. more overshoot and more undershoot) for the SV.
Note:
Setting zero for this variable disables the integration effect.

Figure 6.22b. Characteristic response for different TI parameters

TI3
PV
Set value
(SV)

Process value in PI action

Process value in P-action
TI2

TI1
0 < TI3 < TI2 < TI1
Time

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2 Simple Application Controllers

Function Blocks 6

Derivative Time and Derivative Gain, T D and K D. D-control acts together with the
proportional part of PID-control. For changes in the PV, the Derivative component will
supplement the P-control depending on the rate of change of the PV. Derivative Control initially
outputs a large corrective action which dissipates rapidly over time. The outcome is that the PV
reaches the SV more quickly and does not fluctuate as much as with PI-control. There are two
ways to adjust the Derivative control of the PID Function Block, Derivative Time (TD) and
Derivative Gain (KD). TD can be set manually or automatically with the Auto-tuning function.
The default value for TD is 100 (1 second) but can be set to any value within the range of 1 to
32767 (in 10ms units). For small values of T D, D-control will have a small effect. For large
values, there will be a short stablization time with some searching (overshoot and undershoot)
for the SV. The second parameter, KD, cannot be set by the Auto-Tuning function and should be
adjusted manually. The default value for KD is 50% but can be set to any value within the range
of 0 to 100%. Increasing KD will make the D-control more responsive (shorter stablizaton time)
to sharp changes in PV.
Figure 6.22c. Characteristic response for different TD parameters
PV
TD3 > TD2 > TD1
PI action (without derivative action)
TD1(PID action)
TD3
(PID action)

Response to sudden change in PV

TD2(PID action)

Set value (SV)

Time

Sampling Time, TS. TS is the period of time between two measurements of the PV. Values for
TS range from 1 to 32,767 (in 10ms units). The default value for TS is 50 (500 ms).
Noise Filter, f. The f coefficient determines the level at which the PID Function Block
ignores noise from the input sensors on the input signal, PV. The coefficient can be adjusted to
a value ranging from 0 to 99%. Setting f to 0% disables the filter and passes the raw PV (PVn
= PVnf) to the PID calculations. The default value for f is 50%.
Auto-tuning Bias, AT Bias. This value is an offset applied to the SV during Auto-tuning. The
SV, plus the AT bias, is the threshold during Auto-tuning where the output is switched from on
to off. During the Auto-tuning calibrations, the MV will be turned OFF when the PV passes the
SV plus AT bias point and not the usual SV point (without AT bias). Refer to the Auto-tuning
section for more details. The allowable range for the AT bias is -32768 to 32767. The default
value for AT bias is 0.
Note:
In some cases, a physical limitation may make it undesirable for PV to exceed SV too greatly.
This feature is useful in those applications that require that the PV stay below (or above) the
actual SV. AT-Bias allows the user to offset the SV to a point where overshooting and
undershooting may occur without undesirable results.
Direction. The direction of the system refers to the response of the PV as the MV is applied. If
an MV is applied and the response of the PV is in the positive direction, the system is said to
be a Reverse type system. Whereas, if a the PV responds in the negative direction then the
system is a Direct type of system. The default setting for Direction is Reverse.
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Function Blocks 6

Simple Application Controllers

Control Response. When changes in the SV are necessary, the user can select whether the
changes from the initial SV to the final SV should be immediate or gradual. There are three
options for speed at which SV changes: slow, normal and fast. With immediate, or fast,
response, the controller tends to overshoot its target. With Normal Response there is less
overshoot. And, finally, with Slow Response, there should be no overshoot at all.
Table 6.28: Coefficient Values for Different Response Times

FAST

100%

100%

NORMAL

40%

135%

SLOW

0%

100%

Response

Note:
In certain systems, changing this parameter will have no effect on the response behavior of the
controller.
PID Control after Auto-tuning. P, PI, PID. The controller can be setup to run in one of three
modes: P-control, PI-control or PID-control. The desired control type will only become effective
after auto-tuning has completed. The choice of control type should be made depending on the
application. For example, if P-control is a sufficient control method for the application, then the
more resource-intensive I- and D-control can be switched off to shorten the scan time.
Changing the MV Current Value. This function is only available in the VLS Programming
Language. Click Change Current Value to force the MV to another value. This function is
useful when manually fine tuning the PID parameters.

6.22.4 Limiting the Manipulated Value

The PID function block dialog box contains an area for setting upper (ULV) and lower limits
(LLV) for the output, or the MV. Possible LLVs range from 0 to the ULV and possible ULVs range
from the LLV to 4000.
Figure 6.22d. MV with Upper and Lower Limits
Upper Limit

MV

Lower Limit

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2 Simple Application Controllers

Function Blocks 6

6.22.5 Setting KP, TI, and TD with Auto-tuning

Auto-tuning can automatically calculate and set the K P, T I , and T D control parameters,
eliminating the need for the user to set them manually. Auto-tuning measures and uses the
characteristic responses of the system to determine the parameter settings for the PID function
block. See the Timing Diagrams above for correct usage.
The output, or MV, is driven to its upper limit value until the PV reaches the SV (plus the AT
bias, if there is one), then it is driven to zero until the PV reaches the SV again. This is
repeated several times.
Figure 6.22e. Auto-tuning for Direction type, Reverse (default).
MV
ULV

PV

Set value + AT bias *

Set value
on

time/s

* In this case AT bias is positive

Figure 6.22f. Auto-tuning for Direction type, Direct.

MV
ULV

PV
Set value
Set value + AT bias *

a
on

* In this case AT bias is negative

time/s

The figures above indicate the behavior of the MV and the PV for a Reverse Direction example
system and a Direct Direction example system. During Auto-tuning, the MV is driven to its
upper limit value and to its lower limit value periodically and the response of the PV is
monitored. The controller then calculates the parameters, KP, TI, and TD, from the behavior of
the PV over time.

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Function Blocks 6

Simple Application Controllers

The controller then records the way that the PV behaves and derives the correct parameter
using the Ziegler and Nichols formulas below. See Figures 6.22e and 6.22f for the definintions
of a, and on.
Table 6.29: The Ziegler and Nichols formulas

Proportional gain KP

Integration time TI

PI

PID

Unit

1
a

0.9
a

1.2
a

33W on (1 

W on
)
W

Derivate time TD
0

See figures 6.22e and 6.22f for the definitions of

W on
)
W

100 ms

W
50W on 1  on
W

10 ms

20W on (1 

a, and on.

Consequently, if the system is moderately linear, the Auto-tuned parameters will be sufficient to
control the PV if the SV is changed. Auto-tuning will not need to be performed again.
The following parameters should be adjusted before starting the Auto-tuning:
Direction of operation (to ensure that MV drives PV in the correct direction)
Set Value (Changes during Auto-tuning are not effective.)
Sample Time (Must be larger than the maximum system scan time!)
Noise filter
Desired control characteristic after Auto-tuning (P-, PI- or PID-control)
Output Upper and Lower limit values
AT bias
The following parameters may also be set before Auto-tuning, but they do not influence the
process:
Derivative gain
Control Response type (fast, normal, slow)
Note concerning the VLS Programming Language: Upon the completion of
Auto-Tuning, the program in the controller will be updated with the new PID
parameters. If VLS was monitoring the controller before the Auto-Tuning function was
started, monitoring will STOP, a message box will appear and VLS will return to the
Editing mode. The updated program must be uploaded to the PC to begin monitoring
again.

6.22.6 PID Troubleshooting

For some systems, the Parameter values derived from the Auto-tuning process will be less
than optimal. If Auto-Tuning derives such parameter values, the user should refer to the
descriptions above for each relevant parameter (KP, TI, and TD) or see the following guide to
adjust these parameters.
Response when KP is decreased:
The PV rises slowly, stabilizes slowly with no overshoot.

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Function Blocks 6

Response when TI is increased:

The PV stabilizes slowly with less searching (overshoot and undershoot) for the SV.
Response when TD is increased:
The PV stabilizes quickly. There is more searching (overshoot and undershoot) for the SV.

6.22.7 Error Codes

Error Codes are reported by the PID Function Block via the string output pin. The error code
byte consists of 8 error flags, but only the lower 6 bits are functional. An error code value of
zero means there is no error.
Table 6.30:
Bit
Content
b0

Sampling time < (system) scan time

b1

Filtered PV change overflow

(PVfn < -21692 or PVfn > 21692)1

b2

Deflection overflow (EV < -32768 or EV > 32767)

b3

Integration result overflow (out of range: [-32768, 32767])

b4

Derivative overflow (out of range: [-32768, 32767])

b52

Internal error during auto-tuning operation

State of processing

PID operation continued

AT ends

1.

This is the maximum change in PV when the input filter is 0%. In the case of a higher input
filter, the maximum change in PV can be higher.

2.

Bit 5 of the error code is set when the calculated PID parameters are out of range. Bit 5 is not
set when AT is stopped by the user.
Setup of the PID Function Block directly from the 2 Series Controller

1 ) Allocate the input pin to be used for the function block.

2 ) Press the OK key with the cursor in the function block. The function block edit screen is
displayed as shown.
B0 0 1 : P I D
Se t u p FB
Ch a n g e No
De l e t e FB

3 ) Press the OK button to setup the parameters for the PID function block.
B0 0 1 : P I D
Se t Va l u e
P r o c e s s Va l
S a mp l e T i me

4 ) Highlight SetValue and select it using the OK button. Choose from DirectSet, Analog In,
or FB Value for the Set Value of the PID function block.
B0 0 1 : P I D
D i r e c t Se t
An a l o g I n
FB Va l u e

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Function Blocks 6

Simple Application Controllers

5 ) After selecting the appropriate constant, analog input or word output, press the OK
button to return to the function block settings menu.
B0 0 1 : P I D
Se t Va l u e
P r o c e s s Va l
S a mp l e T i me

6 ) Highlight and select Process Val using the OK button. Choose from DirectSet, Analog In
or FB Value for the Process Value of the PID function block.
B0 0 1 : P I D
D i r e c t Se t
An a l o g I n
FB Va l u e

7 ) After selecting the appropriate constant, analog input or word output, press the OK
button to return to the function block settings menu.
B001 :P ID
Se t Va l ue
P r oces s Va l
S amp l e T i me

8 ) Highlight Sample Time using the up and down keys.

B0 0 1 : P I D
Se t Va l u e
P r o c e s s Va l
S a mp l e T i me

9 ) Press the OK button and enter a value using the + and - buttons.
B0 0 1 : P I D
S a mp l e T i me
0 . 50 s

10 )Press the OK button to return to the function block settings menu. Highlight KP using the
and button.
B0 0 1 : P I D
P r o c e s s Va l
S a mp l e T i me
Kp

11 )Press the OK button and enter a KP value using the + and - buttons.
B0 0 1 : P I D
Kp
7.5 %

12 )Press the OK button to return to the function block settings menu. Highlight Ti using the
and button.
B0 0 1 : P I D
S a mp l e T i me
Kp
Ti

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Function Blocks 6

13 )Press the OK button and enter a Ti value using the + and - buttons.
B0 0 1 : P I D
Ti
4.0 s

14 )Press the OK button to return to the function block settings menu. Highlight Td using the
and button.
B0 0 1 : P I D
Kp
Ti
Td

15 )Press the OK button and enter a Td value using the + and - buttons.
B0 0 1 : P I D
Td
1 . 00 s

16 )Press the OK button to return to the function block settings menu. Highlight Kd using the
and button.
B0 0 1 : P I D
Ti
Td
Kd

17 )Press the OK button and enter a Kd value using the + and - buttons.
B0 0 1 : P I D
Kd
50 %

18 )Press the OK button to return to the function block settings menu. Highlight NoiseFilter
using the and button.
B0 0 1 : P I D
Td
Kd
No i s e F i l t e r

19 )Press the OK button and enter a NoiseFilter value using the + and - buttons.
B0 0 1 : P I D
No i s e F i l t e r
50 %

20 )Press the OK button to return to the function block settings menu. Highlight Upper Limit
using the and button.
B0 0 1 : P I D
Kd
No i s e F i l t e r
Up p e r L i m i t

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Simple Application Controllers

Function Blocks 6

21 )Press the OK button and enter an Upper Limit value using the + and - buttons.
B0 0 1 : P I D
Up p e r L i m i t
4000

22 )Press the OK button to return to the function block settings menu. Highlight Lower Limit
using the and button.
B0 0 1 : P I D
No i s e F i l t e r
Up p e r L i m i t
L owe r L i m i t

23 )Press the OK button and enter a Lower Limit value using the + and - buttons.
B0 0 1 : P I D
L owe r L i m i t
0

24 )Press the OK button to return to the function block settings menu. Highlight AT Bias using
the and button.
B0 0 1 : P I D
Up p e r L i m i t
L owe r L i m i t
AT B i a s

25 )Press the OK button and enter an AT Bias value using the + and - buttons. Press the
OK button.
B0 0 1 : P I D
AT B i a s
0

26 )Highlight Response from the function block settings menu.

B0 0 1 : P I D
L owe r L i m i t
AT B i a s
Re s p o n s e

27 )Press the OK button to select Response. Select the type of PID response that will be
used. The choices are Normal, Fast and Slow.
B0 0 1 : P I D
Re s p o n s e
N o r ma l
Fa s t

28 )Press the OK button to return to the function block settings menu. Highlight Direction to
choose the direction of operation for the PID function block.
B0 0 1 : P I D
AT B i a s
Re s p o n s e
D i r ec t i on

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Function Blocks 6

29 )Press the OK button to choose from Forward or Reverse operation.

B0 0 1 : P I D
D i r ec t i on
Re v e r s e
Fo r wa r d

30 )Highlight AT Result to select the type of control to be employed after auto-tuning finishes. .
B0 0 1 : P I D
Re s p o n s e
D i r ec t i on
AT Re s u l t

31 )Press the OK button and highlight the desired control type from the list: P-, PI- or PIDcontrol.
B0 0 1 : P I D
AT Re s u l t
P I D Co n t r o l
P I Co n t r o l

32 )Press OK to return to the function block settings menu.

B0 0 1 : P I D
Re s p o n s e
D i r ec t i on
AT Re s u l t

33 )Press ESC twice to return to the FBd.

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Function Blocks 6

Simple Application Controllers

6.23

Retentive Alternate Block

This block is equivalent to the Alternate Function block described in section 6.4 but includes a
the retention function. When the retention function is ON, the Retentive Alternation (RAL)
output will act as a latched output and remember the ON/OFF settings in the case of a power
failure. Every time the input pin receives a signal the ALT Output changes its ON/OFF status.
The Output alternates turning ON and OFF.
A Clear input signal over-rides the input signal and turns the Output OFF.
Table 6.31: Retentive Alternate Function Block
Function

000
I
C

Set Item

Description

Input pin for retentive alternate function block

Clear input pin resets the state of the output regardless of the input
given

FB

Retentive alternation of the output status

The output is affected in the following operation:

O
RA L

Output

1) Reverse the ON/OFF state of the output whenever the input

signals ON/OFF operation to the input pin is turned ON (ON to OFF
or OFF to ON)
2) The clear selection resets the output regardless of the input given.
3) Remember Output Signal after a Power Cut

Retentive Alternation time chart

Run mode/ Stop mode
Stop mode
(Power OFF)
(Power OFF)
Input pin

Run mode
OFF

ON

OFF

ON

Clear pin
Output pin

Keep ON/OFF
state of Output pin

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2 Simple Application Controllers

6.24

Function Blocks 6

Addition Block
The function block is used to summate inputs A and B hence produce the resultant Y.
Table 6.32: Addition Function Block
Function

Set Item
I

Description
Input pin for addition function block
This function block operates the expression Y=A+B.

FB
I

000
O
P

The value of Y,A and B is in the range: -32768 to 32767

a) A,B
- Constant value (Setting range:-32768 to 32767
- Analog value
- FB value
1) Word Output
When the input pin is ON, Y=A+B is executed and the word output
will be given the result. When the input pin is OFF the expression is
not executed and the Y value will retain the last result.

A DD

Output

2) Bit Output
- Operation result Y<-32768: Output pin turned ON and the operation
result Y will be set to -32768
- Operation result Y>32767: Output pin turned ON and the operation
result Y will be set to 32767

Setup of the Addition Function Block directly from the 2 Series Controller
1 ) Allocate the input pin to be used for the function block.
2 ) Press the OK key with the cursor in the function block. The function block edit screen is
displayed as shown.
B 0 0 1 : ADD
Se t u p FB
Ch a n g e No
De l e t e FB

3 ) Press the OK Key and enter the function block settings using the
Addition operation Y=A+B must be specified.

and

keys. The

B 0 0 1 : ADD
Ou t p u t Va l
y =A+B
0

4 ) Using the and keys highlight Constant A and press the OK key to enter either a
Directset, Analog In or FB Value.
B 0 0 1 : ADD
D i r e c t Se t
Ana l o g I n
FB Va l u e

5 ) Repeat step 4 for Constant B and return to the FBd using the ESC key.

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Function Blocks 6

Simple Application Controllers

6.25

Subtraction Block
The function block is used to subtract inputs B from A hence produce the resultant Y.
Table 6.33: Subtraction Function Block
Function

Set Item
I

Description
Input pin for subtraction function block
This function block operates the expression Y=A-B.

FB

000
O
P

The value of Y,A and B is in the range: -32768 to 32767

a) A,B
- Constant value (Setting range:-32768 to 32767
- Analog value
- FB value
1) Word Output
When the input pin is ON, Y=A-B is executed and the word output will
be given the result. When the input pin is OFF the expression is not
executed and the Y value will retain the last result.

SUB

Output

2) Bit Output
- Operation result Y<-32768: Output pin turned ON and the operation
result Y will be set to -32768
- Operation result Y>32767: Output pin turned ON and the operation
result Y will be set to 32767

Setup of the Subtraction Function Block directly from the 2 Series Controller
1 ) Allocate the input pin to be used for the function block.
2 ) Press the OK key with the cursor in the function block. The function block edit screen is
displayed as shown.
B 0 0 1 : SUB
Se t u p FB
Ch a n g e No
De l e t e FB

3 ) Press the OK Key and enter the function block settings using the
Subtraction operation y=A-B must be specified.

and

keys. The

B 0 0 1 : SUB
Ou t p u t Va l
y =A - B
0

4 ) Using the and keys highlight Constant A and press the OK key to enter either a
Directset, Analog In or FB Value.
B 0 0 1 : SUB
D i r e c t Se t
Ana l o g I n
FB Va l u e

5 ) Repeat step 4 for Constant B and return to the FBd using the ESC key.

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2 Simple Application Controllers

6.26

Function Blocks 6

Multiplication Block
The function block is used to multiply inputs A and B hence produce the resultant Y.
Table 6.34: Multiplication Function Block
Function

Set Item
I

Description
Input pin for multiplication function block
This function block operates the expression Y=AB.

FB

000
O
P

The value of Y,A and B is in the range: -32768 to 32767

a) A,B
- Constant value (Setting range:-32768 to 32767
- Analog value
- FB value
1) Word Output
When the input pin is ON, Y=AB is executed and the word output
will be given the result. When the input pin is OFF the expression is
not executed and the Y value will retain the last result.

MU L

Output

2) Bit Output
- Operation result Y<-32768: Output pin turned ON and the operation
result Y will be set to -32768
- Operation result Y>32767: Output pin turned ON and the operation
result Y will be set to 32767

Setup of the Multiplication Function Block directly from the 2 Series Controller
1 ) Allocate the input pin to be used for the function block.
2 ) Press the OK key with the cursor in the function block. The function block edit screen is
displayed as shown.
B 0 0 1 : MU L
Se t u p FB
Ch a n g e No
De l e t e FB

3 ) Press the OK Key and enter the function block settings using the
Multiplication operation y=AB must be specified.

and

keys. The

B 0 0 1 : MU L
Ou t p u t Va l
y =A B
0

4 ) Using the and keys highlight Constant A and press the OK key to enter either a
Directset, Analog In or FB Value.
B 0 0 1 : MU L
D i r e c t Se t
Ana l o g I n
FB Va l u e

5 ) Repeat step 4 for Constant B and return to the FBd using the ESC key.

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Function Blocks 6

Simple Application Controllers

6.27

Division Block
The function block is used to divide inputs A and B hence produce the quotient Q and
remainder R.
Table 6.35: Division Function Block
Function

Set Item
I

Description
Input pin for division function block
This function block operates the expression Q=A/B, R=A%B

FB

000
O
P

The value of Q, R, A and B is in the range: -32768 to 32767

a) A,B
- Constant value (Setting range:-32768 to 32767
- Analog value
- FB value
1) Word Output
When the input pin is ON, Q=A/B, R=A%B and the word output will be
given the result. When the input pin is OFF the expression is not
executed and the Q and R values will retain the last result.

DIV

Output

2) Bit Output
- Input value (B) = 0: Output pin is turned ON and the quotient Q and
R will reset to 0.
- Quotient (Q) > 32767: Output pin is turned ON and the quotient Q
will be set to 32767.

Setup of the Division Function Block directly from the 2 Series Controller
1 ) Allocate the input pin to be used for the function block.
2 ) Press the OK key with the cursor in the function block. The function block edit screen is
displayed as shown.
B001 : D I V
Se t u p FB
Ch a n g e No
De l e t e FB

3 ) Press the OK Key and enter the function block settings using the
Division operation Q=A/B must be specified.

and

keys. The

B001 : D I V
Qu o t i e n t
q = A / B , r = A%B
0

4 ) Using the and keys highlight Constant A and press the OK key to enter either a
Directset, Analog In or FB Value.
B001 : D I V
Di r ec t se t
Ana l o g I n
FB Va l u e

5 ) Repeat step 4 for Constant B and return to the FBd using the ESC key.

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2 Simple Application Controllers

6.28

Function Blocks 6

Calculation Block
The function block creates an expression using up to four input word data (A, B, C and D) using
five operators (+, -, * , /, %) and outputs the calculation result to Y. A maximum of 64 terms can
be included in the calculation expression. Nesting using parenthesis is available up to 6 times.
Table 6.36: Calculation Function Block
Function

Set Item
7

FB

Description
Input pin for multiplication function block
This function block creates an expression using up to 4 input words
(A, B, C, D), 5 operators (+, /, , /, %) and outputs the calculation
result to Y. A maximum of 64 terms can be included in the calculation
expression. Nesting using parenthesis is available up to a maximum
of 6 levels.
Input values A, B, C, and D set the following values
- Constant value (Setting range:-32768 to 32767
- Analog value
- FB value

000
P
O

1) Word Output (Y)

When the input pin is ON, Q=A/B, R=A%B and the word output will
be given the result. When the input pin is OFF the expression is not
executed and the Q and R values will retain the last result.

CA L

Output

2) Bit Output
- Operation result Y<-32768: Output pin is turned ON and the
Quotient (Q) will be set to -32768.
- Operation result Y>32767: Output pin is turned ON and the
Quotient (Q) will be set to 32767.
- The divisor is 0: Output pin is turned ON and the Quotient (Q) will
be reset to 0

Table 6.37: Calculation Function Block terms

Term
Y
A, B, C and D

Description
Operation result
Input value

Calculation sign for addition

Calculation sign for subtraction

Calculation sign for multiplication

Calculation sign to request the Quotient

Calculation sign to request the reminder

6 - 73

Function Blocks 6

Simple Application Controllers

Setup of the Calculation Function Block directly from the 2 Series Controller
1 ) Allocate the input pin to be used for the function block.
2 ) Press the OK key with the cursor in the function block.
The function block edit screen is displayed as shown.
B 0 0 1 : CA L
Se t u p FB
Ch a n g e No
De l e t e FB

3 ) Press the OK Key and enter the function block settings using the
Calculate operation [y=
] must be specified.

and

keys. The

B 0 0 1 : CA L
[ y=

3
]

4 ) While the cursor is flashing, use the and keys to select the appropriate character or
constant for your intended calculation. The following items are offered: A, B, C, D, +, -, *, /,
%, ( or )
B 0 0 1 : CA L
3
[ y =A
]
Co n s t a n t A
0

5 ) DirectSet values, Analog In or FB Value can all be entered for each constant.
B 0 0 1 : CA L
D i r e c t Se t
Ana l o g I n
FB Va l u e

6 ) Return to the FBd using the ESC key.

6 - 74

2 Simple Application Controllers

6.29

Function Blocks 6

Shift Block
The function block uses a shift control signal (T) to map the current ON/OFF state of the input
pin (I) to the ouput pin. The operation of this FB is similar to the behavior of a D flip-flop. The
function block can set or reset the status of the output with the input pins, Set (S) and Reset
(R). The Shift Function block retains the state of the output pin after power has been reset.
Table 6.38: Shift Function Block
Function

I
T
S
R

Set Item

000

Description

Input pin for bit to be shifted

Shift control pin

Set pin to manually set the output

Reset pin to manually reset the output

FB

This FB transfers the ON/OFF state of the bit input pin (I) to the output
at the rising edge of the shift control pin (T). There are no function
block settings for this block.

1) The output will turn ON or OFF at the rising edge of the shift control
pin (T) depending on the ON/OFF state of the bit input pin (I).

SFT

2) The output will go ON if Set (S) pin is turned ON.

3) The output will go OFF if the Reset (R) pin is turned ON.
Output
4) If both the Set and Reset signals are turned ON simultaneously,
the Set operation will take precedence over the Reset operation. The
Set operation has high priority (i.e. Set > Reset > Shift).
Note: The output will not be affected if a change in the input pin status
took place between two rising edges. See the timing diagram below.

1 ) Shift Operation Timing Diagram

Power supply
(Run mode/
Stop mode)

ON(Run mode)
ON

ON

OFF

(Stop mode)

ON

Shift pin
ON

Output pin

ON

ON ON

Set pin
ON
Reset pin
ON

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Function Blocks 6

Simple Application Controllers

2 ) 3-Bit Shift Operation

Input pin
I01
O01

SFT

Shift pin
I02
Reset pin
I03

O02

SFT

SFT

O03

3-Bit Shift Operation Timing Diagram

I01
I02
I03

O01
O02
O03

3 ) 3-Bit Shift Operation 2

Shift pin
I01

NOR

OR

SFT

O01

O02

SFT

I02
SFT

O03

3-Bit Shift Operation 2 Timing Diagram

I01

OFF ON

I02
O01
O02
O03

OFF
OFF ON

ON
OFF

OFF ON
OFF ON

OFF
OFF

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2 Simple Application Controllers

6.30

Function Blocks 6

GSM/SMS Block
The GSM/SMS function block, when used with a GSM modem, provides SMS (Short Message
Service) communication between the 2 Series Controller and a mobile device or computer.
Pin code. Gateway and Mobile access information from an SMS Service Provider is necessary
to use the SMS function properly. The GSM/SMS function block can also be used to provide
remote access from a computer running VLS software to the remote 2 Series Controller.
Using the remote access option disables SMS capabilities.
Table 6.39: GMS Function Block
Function

Set Item
I

Description
Bit input pin for GSM/SMS function block operation
Refer to the Communication Manual for detailed explanations
concerning the GSM functionality of the 2 Series controllers.
1) Detects the ON/OFF status of an input and subsequently sends
the SMS (Short Message Service) to the predefined user destination.
2) The SMS message will continue to send regardless of the input
switching OFF.
3) The input will be ignored if it turns on during:
a) an SMS transmission
b) the waiting period.

000
O
P

FB

4) Communication failure (e.g. busy line) will tell the SMS function
block to retry three times in a period of two minutes.
5) If the message was not sent after the third retry, the output status
will switch to ON and an error message will be generated through the
word pin of the function block.

S MS

6) The user may experience incorrect validity period timings. Please

check with your Service Provider.
7) If both the Mobile (SMSC1) and Gateway (SMSC2) numbers are
entered, the 2 controller will automatically choose the correct path
number for the SMS in conjunction with the destination chosen. The
destination being either to a mobile phone (SMSC1) or an email
address (SMSC2).
1) The output status will set ON when the GSM/SMS block:
a) succeeds in sending an SMS message
b) fails at sending an SMS message after three retries.
Output

2) If more than one SMS function block exists in the program, an

FIFO (First In First Out) sequence is performed.
3) The following items are available for other function blocks:
a) SMS message sent/SMS failed to be sent after 3 attempts
b) Current Status (See 6.29.3 - Word Output)

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Function Blocks 6

Simple Application Controllers

1 ) SMS Operation Timing Diagram

Transmission request is ignored
while sending SMS Message.
Input pin
SMS
Message

SMS Message

SMS
Message

Output pin
1 scan time

*Communication failure will tell the GSM/SMS FB to retry three times in two minutes.
2 ) Sample VLS Program: SMS - Retry Sending Data
Completed
Send
Request
I01

PL

From Off
to On
Stop Retry
I02

1
2
OR
3

O01

CP

S
R SR

FL

SMS

Reset Output: Continous

priority On time:
120.1s (1201 100ms)
Off time:
0.1s (1 100ms)

Current status=1
(Bit 0=ON)
O02

CP

Current status=2
(Bit 1=ON)
O03

ZC

4Current status7
(Bit 2=ON)
O04

ZC

8Current status15
(Bit 3=ON)

1
2
OR
3

O05

O06

CP

Current status16
(Bit 4 = ON)

The GSM Function block will send the SMS packet when the input pin is activated. To input or
edit the GSM/SMS parameters, double click on the GSM/SMS icon to open the Short Message
Service dialog box in AL-PCS/WIN-E. When two or more Function Blocks are trying to send a
message at the same time, the one to connect first will send its SMS message or attempt to
send its message three times. The other GSM/SMS FB(s) will be placed in Wait status. All
the FBs will send their messages in turn.

6 - 78

2 Simple Application Controllers

Function Blocks 6

6.30.1 Input Signal

The 2 controller will send the SMS message to the chosen destination when the input pin is
activated. The operation will continue until the message is sent or the retries have been
completed even if the Input pin is turned OFF during the process. When the Input turns ON
and then resets during the send operation or when the FB is in Wait status, all further Input
ON signals are ignored until the Output pin has been reset.

6.30.2 Output Signal

The Output signal comes ON when the SMS message has been successfully sent or the final
retry has taken place. If the Input signal that began the operation remains ON, the Output will
remain ON. If the Input signal turns OFF during the send operation, the Output signal will
remain ON for one program scan after the send operation is complete and then turn OFF. After
the initial Input signal has turned OFF, all other input signals are ignored until the Output has
been reset.

6.30.3 Word Output

Check the status of the transmission by checking the Output Word data when connected to a
Display FB.
Table 6.40: Output Word Value
Bit

Description

b0

Transmission is Complete

b1

Transmission or retry in Progress

b2

Transmission is in Wait status *1

b3

Transmission Failed

b4

Transmission did not occur because of SMS Parameter Error

b5 - b15

Reserved, will always be 0

*1 - The most common Wait status conditions are when 1) another GSM FB is transmitting a
message, 2) the GSM modem has not been initialized, or 3) Remote Access by the VLS
software is taking place. After the Output is turned OFF, the Word output status will also be
reset to 0.
Note: The Word Value will be displayed in hexadecimal format but the Table is given in
binary form. If b2 is On, for example, the Output Word will display a value of 00x4
(hex). It is possible that more than one bit will be ON simultaneously.

6 - 79

Simple Application Controllers

Function Blocks 6

6.30.4 Short Message Service (SMS)

The GSM/SMS Function Block sends
the SMS message to the address
chosen in the Short Message Service
dialog box. Each GSM/SMS FB can
only send a message to one address.

6.30.5 Comment/Signal Number

Input a comment to label the function
block. The comment will be shown
o n s c r e e n o n l y i f t h e D i s p l ay
Comment box is checked. Similarly,
the Function Block number will only be
shown onscreen if the Display Signal
Number box is checked.

6.30.6 Setting
This box will open the SMS Setting Dialog box. The information for the destination locations is
entered in the SMS Setting dialog box but the final destination is chosen in the Destination
area described below.

6.30.7 Destination
The Destination telephone numbers and e-mail Gateway parameters are shown. Choose the
desired destination phone number or Gateway setting for the specific GSM/SMS Function
Block. The choice of a mobile phone number will complete the selection process. If the
Gateway setting is chosen, the destination e-mail address must be entered in the E-mail box.
Every GSM/SMS FB can have a different e-mail address. Press the OK button to accept the
settings.

6 - 80

2 Simple Application Controllers

Function Blocks 6

6.30.8 SMS Setting Dialog Box

The SMS Setting Dialog box is accessed from the Short Message Service (SMS) dialog box in
any GSM/SMS Function Block by clicking the Setting button on the example window above.
The SMS Setting dialog box is not specific to a single Function Block. The parameters entered
here apply to all Function Blocks. The parameter settings are the data required by the SMS
service provider to set up the final destination points. Messages can be sent to 1) three
telephone numbers or 2) two telephone numbers and one Gateway number. The same
Gateway can be used for multiple e-mail addresses so that the only limit on e-mails is the 2
controller memory. Each GSM/SMS Function Block can service a single e-mail address. Email access codes from the SMS service provider are required to send SMS e-mails.

6.30.9 SMS Service Center

Input the number given by
the SMS Service Provider
for Mobile and Gateway
access. It is possible that
the same number will be
used for both applications.
Please ver ify with the
Service Provider whether
the International code is
needed at the beginning of
the phone number.

6.30.10 Valid Period

This is the requested period for the message to exist on the Service Providers Server. This
parameter is ultimately under the control of the Service Provider who might change the time
period according to their company policy. The time can be set from a minimum of five minutes
to a maximum or 63 weeks.

6.30.11 Destination
Click the Mobile Phone option to input data for a mobile phone. Use the Name # as an
optional memo area. Enter the Destination phone number in the Phone Number # box.
Please verify with the Service Provider whether the International code is needed at the
beginning of the phone number. Click the Gateway option to input data in order to send an email. Use the Name # as an optional memo area. Enter the e-mail access code from the
Service Provider in the Phone Number # box.
These destination numbers will be valid for all SMS function blocks. E-mails can be
sent to as many addresses as the 2 memory allows. SMS messages can be sent to a
maximum of three telephone numbers.

6 - 81

Simple Application Controllers

Function Blocks 6

6.30.12 Error Messages

The Status of the GSM communication can be checked in the right hand side of the Diagnosis
of Controller (Controller D Diagnosis of Controller) dialog box. This dialog box cannot be
accessed while the controller is running.

The CME and CMS Error boxes give information to the functioning of Mobile Equipment (ME),
please refer to the GSM modem manual for more details.
Modem Settings/Front Panel Keys
The settings required to send SMS packets via a GSM modem or to set up the 2 controller for
remote access can be accomplished with the front panel keys. It is possible to perform remote
operations with a standard modem but it is not possible to send SMS packets.
The numerous parameters and options for using the GSM modem can
be set using the front panel keys. However, the procedure is much
easier to perform with the AL-PCS/WIN-E software than with the front
panel display and buttons.
To begin the process from the Top Menu, scroll down to Others/Serial
Com/GSM and view the options shown at right.

ComFormat (Communication Format)

Upon entering the GSM option, the ComFormat dialog will be the first
option. The ComFormat allows the user to set the communication
settings for Data Length, Parity, Stop Bit, and Baudrate.
Scroll to the setting to be adjusted.

S e r i a l C om
No t Us e
Mo d em
GSM
O t h e r C om

GSM
C o mF o r ma t
GSM I n i t
GSM R e mo t e
P I N Co d e
S e t SMS
GSM S t a t u s
C o mF o r ma t
Da t a L e n g t h
Pa r i t y
S t op b i t
Ba u d r a t e
De f a u l t

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2 Simple Application Controllers

Data Length
Select a Data length of 7 or 8 bits.

Parity
Select from three options for Parity - None, Odd or Even.

Stop Bits
Choose the number of stop bits - 1 bit or 2 bits.

Baud Rate
Select the baud rate - 9600 or 19200 bps.

Function Blocks 6

Da t a L e n g t h
8 bi t s
7 bi t s
Pa r i t y
No n e
Od d
Ev en
S t op b i t
1b i t
2b i t s

Ba u d r a t e
9600 bps
19200 bps

Default
The controller can be returned to the default communication settings DataLength = 8 bits; Parity = None; Stop Bits = 1; and Baud Rate = 9600 bps - by pressing the
OK when the pointer is on the Default option.
GSM Init Command (GSM Initialization Command)
The GSM modem must have an initialization command string. After
choosing the GSM Init option, the Command and Delay Time settings
will appear.

GSM I n i t
C o mma n d
D e l a y T i me

Command Setting
GSM I n i t 0 1
Choose Command to enter the AT command. Details for the AT
C o mma n d
command should be included in the literature for the modem. Enter the
[A
]
string by choosing the correct characters with the and arrows.
< = > ? @A BCDE
When a desired letter is shown onscreen, move to the right by pressing
the key. The character will remain in the previous cursor space. Do not press the OK key
until the command has been entered in its entirety. Move to the left for editing purposes with
the key.
Delay Time
The Delay Time Setting will delay the transmission of the initialization
command while the modem completes its power up. Use the + key to
increment the value and the - to decrement the value within the range
of 0 - 10 seconds. Enter the value by pressing the OK key.
GSM Remote Command
Remote access from a computer running the VLS software is allowed
when Permit is chosen.
SMS packets cannot be sent under the Permit setting but can be sent
when Forbid is used.

GSM I n i t
D e l a y T i me
0s

GSM R e mo t e
Fo r b i d
Pe r m i t

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Function Blocks 6

Simple Application Controllers

Enter the PIN Code

P I N Co d e
It is necessary to enter a PIN code received from the Service Provider
Se t u p
when the 2 controller is used to send SMS packets. Use the + and
[ ]
- keys to choose the digits of the code and the and keys to
move to adjoining digits. SIM PIN setup [****] or [****] can be
activated and deactivated by the cursor U and cursor V soft key. (Version 2.20 or later) All the
numbers must be set to an integer value or a PIN Code Error will be received. Press the OK
or ESC keys to return to the PIN Code entry display. Finish entering all integer values into all
four digits and press the OK key to enter the code.
Cancel the PIN Code
To Cancel an existing PIN code, enter the PIN Code option and confirm
with the OK key the intent to Cancel the code. The PIN Code does
not have to be entered in order to Cancel the code. Use the ESC key
to return to the GSM menu.
Set SMS (Short Message Service) Parameters
The SMS menu is used to set the telephone numbers for the Service
Provider, the destination numbers for cellular phones, the access code
for e-mail messages, and the Validity Period of the messages.

The SMS Service Provider Mobile Access Number (SMSC1)

The SMSC1 is the number used to access the Service Provider section
for mobile phones. Choose the digits and symbols using the and
keys. After the digit is set, move to the left or right with the and
keys. Do not press the OK key until the command has been
entered in its entirety.

P IN Code
Can ce l
OK

o r

ESC

S e t SMS
SMS C 1
SMS C 2
DA 1
DA 2
DA 3
VP
S e t SMS
01
SMS C 1
[
]
9+ - ( ) 0123

The SMS Service Provider Gateway Access Number (SMSC2)

S e t SMS
01
The SMSC2 is the number used to access the E-mail gateway
SMSC 2
telephone number of the SMS Service Provider. Choose the digits and
[
]
symbols using the and keys. After the digit is set, move to the
9+ - ( ) 0123
left or right with the and keys. Do not press the OK key until
the command has been entered in its entirety. This number may be the same as used in
SMSC1.
Destination Address (DA1, DA2, DA3)
Enter the destination mobile telephone number or the Service Provider
e-mail gateway code on this screen. Choose the digits and symbols
using the and keys. After the digit is set, move to the left or
right with the and keys. Do not press the OK key until the
command has been entered in its entirety.

S e t SMS
01
DA 1
[
]
9+ - ( ) 0123

Three destination mobile telephone numbers can be entered, one in each DA address.
Alternately, two mobile phone numbers and one e-mail gateway access code can be entered.
Only one e-mail access code needs to be entered and then multiple e-mail addresses can be
input, one each per GSM/SMS Function Block.

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2 Simple Application Controllers

Function Blocks 6

Validity Period
S e t SMS
The Validity Period is a request to the SMS Service Provider to keep
VP
the message on their Server for a length of time. Each Service
24 . 0h r s
Provider may have their own policies on the allowable time messages
can be kept. Please check with your local Service Provider to obtain
these details. Use the + and - keys to change the value within the range of 5 minutes to 63
weeks.
GSM Status
Check the status of the GSM communication in the following
categories.

GSM S t a t u s
St a t us
CME E r r o r
CMS E r r o r
S i gS t r e n g
GSM S t a t u s
St a t us
0 0 0 0H

Check the Status of the GSM modem settings and SMS message
transmissions through the table below.
Table 6.41: GSM Modem Status
Bit

Status

On (1)

Off (0)

b0

Error in Connecting to GSM Modem.

Yes

No

b1

GSM Initialization Command Normal.

Yes

No

b2

PIN Code is Setup in the Controller.

Yes

No

b3

Network Registration.

Registered

Not Registered

b4

GSM CME Error.

Yes

No

b5

GSM CSM Error.

Yes

No

b6

Remote Access In Progress. *1

Yes

No

b7

SMR Receive Time out

Yes

No

b8-11

Reserved

b12

SMS Message Contents.

b13

SMS Transmission Standby State. Transmitting/Off (1/0)

b14
b15

Reserved = 0
Message

No Message

Transmitting

Off

SMS Transmission Failed 3 Times. Yes/No (1/0)

Yes

No

SMS Transmission not sent due to incorrect SMS

Function Block Setting.

Yes

No

Note: *1This bit is not linked to the Remote Access Setting which only enables remote
access. This bit checks if Remote Access is currently in progress.

6 - 85

Function Blocks 6

Simple Application Controllers

CME Error
This CME Error status gives information to the functioning of Mobile
Equipment (ME), please refer to the GSM modem manual for more
details.

GSM S t a t u s
CME E r r o r
-1

Table 6.42: Mobile Equipment Error Codes

Value

Description

Value

Description

-1

No Error

17

SIM PIN2 Required

Phone Failure

18

SIM PUK2 Required

No Connection to Phone

20

Memory Full

Phone-Adaptor Link Reserved

21

Invalid Index

Operation Not Allowed

22

Not Found

Operation Not Supported

23

Memory Full

PH-SIM PIN Required

24

Text String Too Long

10

SIM Failure

25

Invalid Characters in Text String

11

SIM PIN Required

26

Dial String Too Long

12

SIM PUK Required

27

Invalid Characters in Dial String

13

SIM Failure

30

No Network Service

14

SIM Busy

31

Network Timeout

15

SIM Wrong

100

Unknown

16

Incorrect Password

...256 All other values below 256 are reserved.

CMS Error
This value gives error information relevant to the Mobile Equipment
(ME) or Network, please refer to the GSM modem manual for more
details.

GSM S t a t u s
CMS E r r o r
-1

Table 6.43: Mobile Equipment and Network Error Codes

Value
-1

Description

Value

Description

No Error

315

SIM Wrong

GSM 04.11 Annex E-2 Values

316

SIM PUK Required

GSM 03.40 Subclause 9.2.3.22

values

317

SIM PIN2 Required

300

ME Failure

318

SIM PUK2 Required

301

SMS Service of ME reserved

320

Memory Failure

302

Operation Not Allowed

321

Invalid Memory Index

303

Operation Not Supported

322

Memory Full

304

Invalid PDU Mode Parameter

330

SMSC Address Unknown

305

Invalid Text Mode Parameter

331

No Network Service

310

SIM not Inserted

332

Network Timeout

311

SIM PIN Required

340

No +CNMA acknowledgment expected

312

PH-SIM PIN Required

500

Unknown Error

313

SIM Failure

... 511

Unused Values in the range from 256 to 511

are Reserved.

314

SIM Busy

512 (+)

Manufacturer Specific

0 - 127
128 - 256

6 - 86

2 Simple Application Controllers

Signal Strength (SigStreng)
Check the signal strength of the GSM modem signal. Generally good
operation is possible with a signal strength of 10% or more.

Function Blocks 6

GSM S t a t u s
S i gS t r e n g
0%

Table 6.44: Signal Strength Reference Table

Value %

Receiving Level

-113 dBm or less

-111 dBm

2 - 30

-109 to -53 dBm

31

-51 dBm or greater

99

Not known

6 - 87

Function Blocks 6

Simple Application Controllers

6.31

Short Message Receiving Block

A GSM short message (SM) can be sent from a cell phone, a normal phone (with SM
functionality) or PC to a GSM modem that is connected to an 2 controller.
2 controller detects the delivery of SM by the modem and downloads the SM from the
modem.
The Short Message Receive FB (SMR FB) searches for the occurrence of a command in the
SM. The command is given as text string in the FB parameter. In case the command text is
exactly included in the SM, outputs are changed.
A command can consist of max. 32 characters. A received short message can contain up to
160 characters (7 bit) or 70 characters (UFT-16, 16bit).
The difference between SMR and SMRm is allowable maintenance (m) from the TopMenu
Parameter in the 2 controller for direct programming.
Table 6.45: SMR Function Block
Function

Set Item
E

Description
Bit input pin for the function block operation
Refer to the Communication Manual for detailed explanations
concerning the GSM functionality of the 2 Series controllers.
1) Cmnd String(Cmmand String)
In case of Word output mode, only one command text can be setup.
In case of Bit output mode, a command text for switching bit output
ON and a command text for switching bit output OFF can be setup.
2)SM Age(Short Massage age)
Setup maximum age of received short message.
a) 5 to 720minutes(Unit:5minutes)
b) 12.5 to 24Hours(Unit:30minutes)
c) 2 to 30day(Unit:1day)
d) 5 to 63week(Unit:1week)

E
R

000
P
O
SMR

FB

3) Phone Number
Setup short message senders phone number.
By setting the phone number in FB parameter, only the Shor t
Message Entity(SME) with the setup phone number can manipulate a
SMR FB.
Up to 28 characters,including + , - * 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 .
4) Password
Setup authentication password (4 digit code). The password is
common for all SMR FB and stored in Programm Parameter area.
5) Acknowledge
If this parameter is set and the FB output was manipulated by SM, a
acknowledge message is send back to the sender.
6) Retention
If this flag is set, the SMR FB keeps it's output states at the time of
controller power down.
7) Upper Limit (Word output mode)
In case the transmitted value is bigger than the max. value, max.
value becomes active. Max. Value can be [(min.value + 1)...32767].
8) Lower Limit (Word output mode)
In case the transmitted value is smaller than the min. value, min.
value becomes active. Min. Value can be [-32768...(max. value - 1)]

6 - 88

2 Simple Application Controllers

Function

Function Blocks 6

Set Item
R

Description
Reset pin for the function block
The SMR FB can be operated in one of two different modes.

Output

1) Bit output.
a) The output is set ON, when the switch ON command is found
in the received short message.
b) The output is set OFF, when the switch OFF command is found
in the short message.
c) When R ON, the bit output is reset (OFF). R takes priority over E.
When E is OFF the bit output value is hold.
2) Word output.
a) Word output for transferred values. The output is set to the
transmitted value, when the set word output command is found
and the value after = is valid.
b) When R is ON, the word output is set to zero.
When E is OFF, the word output is hold. R takes priority over E.

1) Asterix Character in phone number

The asterix character '*' can be used to terminate phone number or can be stand-alone.
It takes place for any combination of numbers. Using the '*', one SMR FB can switch for a
group of phone numbers.
Table 6.46: Phone numbers and Outputs
FB number

Caller's phone number

FB Output

+49 21 02 12 34 56 7

+49 21 02 12 34 56 7

changed

+49 21 02 12 34 56 7

+49 21 02 12 34 56 8

no change

+49 21 02 12 34 56 7

+49 21 02 12 34

no change

+49 21 02 12 34 56 7

+49 21 02 12 34 56 78

no change

+49 21 02 12 34 56 7*

+49 21 02 12 34 56 7

no change

+49 21 02 12 34 56

+49 21 02 12 34 56 7

no change

+49 21 02 12 34 56 *

+49 21 02 12 34 56 7

changed

+49 21 02 12 3*

+49 21 02 12 34 56 7

changed

+49 21 02 12 3*

+49 21 02 12 34 56 8

changed

+49 21 02 12 3*

+49 21 02 12 34 56 78

changed

Any phone number

changed

+*

Any international phone number

changed

6 - 89

Simple Application Controllers

Function Blocks 6

3 ) Sample VLS Program: Switch an irrigation system by SM

A system for plant irrigation can be switched ON and OFF by short message (B10). The start
of irrigation can be delayed. The delay time (in minutes) is transferred by short message. Also
the duration of irrigation can be set by short message.

6.31.1 Authentication and Security

Security of manipulation of a user program by SMR FB is given by the following items.
1) Password
A 4 digit numerical code can be set as an additional security level. This code must be located
from the first character of the short message, followed by the command delimiter '.'. The code
is set in the program parameter, thus valid for all SMR FB in a user program. Setting of a
password is optional.
2) Originators Phone Number
The received SM carries the phone number of the sending short message entity (SME). By
setting the phone number in FB parameter, only the SME with the setup phone number can
manipulate a SMR FB.
3) Command Text
Because the command text can be freely choosed by the customer it is possible to use
irregular command words that are only known by one person (like a computer password).

6 - 90

2 Simple Application Controllers

Function Blocks 6

6.31.2 SM Commands
The commands included in a short message can be either for switching the bit output of a FB
or setting the value output.
Bit Output Mode / Word Output Mode
In bit output mode two commands texts can be set, one command text (cmd1) to switch the bit
output ON, and an optional command text (cmd2) to switch the bit output OFF.
In word output mode, the command text (cmd3) can be set as FB parameter.
Each command can consist of up to 32 characters.
In the transmitted SM the cmd3 must be followed by the equal character ('=') and a value, e.g.
cmd3=100.
The value can be positive and negative ('-') and must be in the range -32768...32767. Space
characters or the delimiter character can follow the value.
Mode

Description

FB parameter

SM text

Bit Output

cmd1 for switch output ON

cmd2 for switch output OFF

cmd1
cmd2

cmd1
cmd2

Word Output

cmd3

cmd3

cmd3=value

In case the '=' character is not followed by the '-' or the '+' character or a number, the command
is invalid. Multi commands can be transmitted in one short message, but not more than 10. All
commands have to be separated by the delimiter '.' (dot). Blank characters directly before and
after the delimiter are disregarded. A terminating delimiter character is not needed.
In case a short message contains more than one command for one FB, e.g. switch bit output
ON and switch bit output OFF, the first command in the short message becomes active. In
case of setting the same command text for bit output ON and bit output OFF command and
including this command in a short message, the bit output is switched ON.
The following characters can be used to build a command.
Table 6.47: Command Characters
Group

Code

Character

<space> ! # $ % & ' ( ) * + , - / 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 : ; < = > ? @

GSM 7 bit default alphabet A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z [ \ ] ^ _
plus extension table
abcdefghIjklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}

Unicode 16bit

Example of received SM
Example: 1443.Heater ON. Light on .switch xmastree. water = 1233 . CntDown=-23.
This SM contains
-the password 1443
-the command "Heater ON" (FB bit output ON or OFF, depending on FB setup)
-the command "Light on" (FB bit output ON of OFF, depending on FB setup)
-the command "switch xmastree" (FB bit output ON of OFF, depending on FB setup)
-the command "water=1233", which setts the word output of a SMR FB to the value 1233
-the command "CntDown=-23", which sets the word output of a SMR FB to the value -23
6 - 91

Function Blocks 6

Simple Application Controllers

6.31.3 Report Short Message Handling

For use of the report short message function, the phone number of the Short Message Service
Center must be setup in the program. This can be done by 2 programming or by VLS is the
GSM SMS FB setup.
Acknowledge messages
Condition

Transmitted Short Message

Alpha in Run Mode, all commands of SM successfully processed

"OK"

Alpha in Run Mode, some commands in SM were erroneous.

"Error"

Alpha in Run Mode, Sender of SM has no authorization

"No access"

Alpha in Run Mode, Password Protection Set, Password invalid or

not Set

"No access"

For sending of report short messages, the Short Message Service Center (SMSC) must be
setup by using the GSM SMS FB.
Receive Time Out
After sending the short message read command (AT+CMGR) to the modem, Alpha waits for 1s
for receiving the short message. In case the modem doesn't transmit the received short
message to alpha within this time, Alpha sets the bit b7 in the GSM status word. This bit can
only be checked by Alpha GSM Status display. Once set, it can be reset by Cursor Down Key
operation.

6 - 92

2 Simple Application Controllers

Function Blocks 6

6.31.4 SMR (Short Message Receiving) Setting Dialog Box

The Short Message Receiving dialog
box is used to set the parameter and
SM Commands.
Refer to the Communication Manual for
detailed explanations concerning the
Short Message Receiving dialog box
setting of the 2 Series controllers.

6 - 93

Function Blocks 6

Simple Application Controllers

6.32

Call Detect Block

In case a GSM modem or an analog modem that supports Calling Line Identification
Presentation (CLIP) is called, the number of the calling partner is sent by the modem by the AT
notification "+CLIP" attached to the RING notification. 2 extracts the callers's number after a
given number of RING notifications.
In case the numbers of digits of both phone numbers and the phone numbers itself are equal,
the CD FB output is switched on.
The difference between CD and CDm is allowable maintenance (m) from the TopMenu
Parameter in the 2 controller for direct programming.
Table 6.48: CD Function Block
Function

Set Item
E

Description
Bit input pin for the function block operation
1) Retention
If this flag is set, the CD FB keeps it's output state at the time of
controller power down.

E
R

000
P
O

2) Phone Number
Setup short message senders phone number.
By setting the phone number in FB parameter, only the SME with the
setup phone number can manipulate a SMR FB.
Up to 28 characters,including + , - * 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 .

FB

CD

3) Number of RING
Setup number of RING before call detection(Program Parameter,
common for all CD FBs)
Range:1 to 20
R

Reset pin for the function block

Output

The output is set ON, when the caller's number is equal to the stored
phone number and E is ON.
The output state is hold, when E is OFF, and it is reset (set OFF),
when R input is ON.

1) Asterix Character in phone number

The asterix character '*' can be used to terminate phone number or can be stand-alone.
It takes place for any combination of numbers. Using the '*', one CD FB can switch for a group
of phone numbers.
Table 6.49: Phone numbers and Outputs
FB number

Caller's phone number

FB Output

+49 21 02 12 34 56 7

+49 21 02 12 34 56 7

Switched ON

+49 21 02 12 34 56 7

+49 21 02 12 34 56 8

no change

+49 21 02 12 34 56 7

+49 21 02 12 34

no change

+49 21 02 12 34 56 7

+49 21 02 12 34 56 78

no change

+49 21 02 12 34 56 7*

+49 21 02 12 34 56 7

no change

+49 21 02 12 34 56

+49 21 02 12 34 56 7

no change

+49 21 02 12 34 56 *

+49 21 02 12 34 56 7

Switched ON

+49 21 02 12 3*

+49 21 02 12 34 56 7

Switched ON

+49 21 02 12 3*

+49 21 02 12 34 56 8

Switched ON

+49 21 02 12 3*

+49 21 02 12 34 56 78

Switched ON

Any phone number

Switched ON

+*

Any international phone number

Switched ON

6 - 94

2 Simple Application Controllers

Function Blocks 6

The phone number detection is inactive for 15 seconds after the last RING. A new incoming
call within this guard time has no effect.
4 ) Sample VLS Program: Open roller shutter by phone call

6.32.1 Number of RING

The number of RING before detection can be setup in FB parameter. It is common for all CD
FB. The number of RING is the number of RING notifications, the modem sends to Alpha, not
the number of RING a person hears at the telephones earphone.
2 doesn't answer the incoming call by Call Detection, so no connection is established.
For remote maintenance the connected modem has to be configured for automatic call answer
by AT command ATS0 like in older versions (V1.00 or 2.14). In case the setup number of RING
before automatically call answer is set to a lower number than the number of RING before call
detection, the Call Detect FB detects the phone number after the number of RING before
automatically call answer.
ACK messages can be realized by using SMS FB together with CD FB.
Table 6.50: Action when the modem is called
Setup

Action when the modem is called

X=Y

When number of RING reached X, the CD FB detects the phone

number and the modem answers the call.

X<Y

When number of RING reached X, the CD FB detects the phone

number. Unless the number of RING doesn't exceed Y, the modem
doesn't answers the call.

X>Y

When number of RING reached Y, the modem answers the call. Even if
X is bigger than Y, the CD FB detects the phone number.

X: Number of RING before Call Detect

Y: Number of RING before the modem automatically answers an incoming call
The Call Detect FB operates only by an simple handing failure.
So, install some safety device according to system.

6 - 95

Function Blocks 6

Simple Application Controllers

6.33

Random One Shot Block

This Function Block is equivalent to the One Shot function block except that the new block has
only randomly generated pulse time. An Upper and Lower Time Limit value can be set in
increments of 10 ms (0.00 to 327.67 seconds), 100 ms (00.0 - 3267.7 seconds), and 1 second
(0 - 32767 seconds) for the random number generation. If the Input signal turns Off during the
pulse interval, the Output is Reset along with the pulse time.
Table 6.51: Random One Shot function block
Function

Set Item

Description

Input pin for the random one shot function block

Clear pin for the random one shot function block

1) A random one shot time is generated between the upper and lower
threshold values.
2) The random value only occurs in correlation to the ON status of the
input.

I
C

3) The clear signal input reset the output, random one shot value and
current time.

000
P
O
RO S

FB

4) If the Upper threshold is equal to or larger than the lower threshold,

the random one shot time is set in the range lower threshold to upper
threshold.
5) If the Upper threshold is less then than the lower threshold, the
random one shot time is set in the range 0 to upper threshold or lower
threshold to 32767.
6) If the lower threshold = Upper threshold, the random one shot is
equal to the upper threshold = lower threshold.
7) Time units: 10ms, 100ms or 1s (*Note)

Output

1) The following items are available for other function blocks:

a) Random One Shot value
b) Current One Shot value

Note: The set time cannot be less than one scan time for the controller; otherwise, the
Random One Shot Function Block will not perform its assigned task for the time
specified. Users can monitor the scan time from the 2 Series Controller. Scan time
is dependent on the userprogram; therefore, caution is needed as and when time
units are selected.
Setup of the Random One Shot Function Block directly from the 2 Series Controller
1 ) Allocate the input pin to be used for the function block.
2 ) Press the OK key with the cursor in the function block.
The function block edit screen is displayed as shown.
B 0 0 1 : RO S
T i me u n i t
Se t u p FB
Ch a n g e No
De l e t e FB

6 - 96

2 Simple Application Controllers

Function Blocks 6

3 ) Press the OK key to set the Time unit for the random delayed output.
Choose either a 10ms, 100ms or 1s time interval using the and keys to highlight the
option and press the OK key when ready.
T i me u n i t
1 0 ms
1 0 0 ms
1 s

4 ) Return to the function block edit screen. Using the

and press the OK key.

and

keys highlight the Setup FB

B 0 0 1 : RO S
R a n d o mV a l
L i mi t =L , H

5 ) A RandomVal in conjunction with the specified time units allocated earlier can be entered
from pressing the OK key having highlighted the RandomVal option using the and
keys. Press the key hence highlighting the 0s time value and use the + or - keys to
enter a time value. Press the OK key to accept and return to the function block setting
screen.
B 0 0 1 : RO S
R a n d o mV a l
0 . 0s
t=
0 . 0s

6 ) Highlight the Limit:L,H option and press the OK key. A high and low limit can be set for
the Random One Shot function block. Using the , , + and - keys enter values for the
high and low limits in accordance with the time intervals specified earlier.
B 0 0 1 : RO S
L imi t : L ,H
L=
0 . 1s
H=
0 . 1s

7 ) Press the OK key to accept the High and Low limit subsequently. Use the ESC key to
return to the FBd.

6 - 97

Function Blocks 6

Simple Application Controllers

6.34

Delayed One Shot Block

This block is equivalent to a combination of the Delay and the One Shot function block. Set an
ON delay for the rising pulse of the Input signal or an OFF delay for the falling pulse. This FB
will process the ON delay time before turning the Output ON for the OneShot pulse time and/or
delay the Output resetting until the OFF delay time has processed.
Table 6.52: Delayed One Shot Function Block
Function

Set Item

Description

Input pin for the delayed one shot function block

Clear pin for the delayed one shot function block

1) Delay Time
a) OFF to ON
b) ON to OFF

I
C

000
P
O

2) Delay Time range: 0 to 32767

FB

3) One Shot Time range: 0 to 32767

DO S

4) Time units: 10ms, 100ms or 1s (*Note)

5) When the Clear signal is set ON, the current Delay Time, current
One Shot Time will be cleared. The Output will reset OFF.

Output

The following items are available for another function block:

1) Word Output
a) Delay
b) Current Delay
c) One Shot
d) Current One Shot

Note: The set time cannot be less than one scan time for the controller; otherwise, the
Delayed One Shot Function Block will not perform its assigned task for the time
specified. Users can monitor the scan time from the 2 Series Controller. Scan time is
dependent on the user-program; therefore, caution is needed as and when time units
are selected.
1 ) Delayed One-Shot (Delay starts when OFF to ON)
Input pin

OFF

ON
OFF

Clear pin
Output pin

OFF
Delayed
Time

ON
One-shot
Time

ON
Not
active

Reset
operation

Reset delayed timer

(shorter than set time)

OFF
Delayed less than set time of
Time
One-shot time

6 - 98

2 Simple Application Controllers

Function Blocks 6

2 ) Delayed One-Shot (Delay starts when ON to OFF.

Run mode
OFF

Input pin

ON
OFF

Clear pin
OFF

Output pin

ON
Reset
operation

ON

OFF

Not active
Delayed One-shot
Time
Time

Reset delayed timer

(shorter than set time)

Delayed
Time
shorter than set time
of One-shot time

3 ) Delayed One Shot sample program

I01

I
CL

I02

O01

DOS

Delay Start: ON to OFF (Off to On)*

Delay Time: 1s
One-Shot Time: 1s

4 ) Delayed One Shot comparison sample program

S
I01

PL

SR

R
From On to Off
(From Off to ON) *
I02

Reset priority

OS

DL

CL
On Delay:
1s(10 100ms)
Off Delay:
0s(0 100ms)

O01

CL
One-Shot Time
<Control time>: 1s(10 100ms)
Output Clear Condition: None

1
2

OR

Setup of the Delayed One Shot Function Block directly from the 2 Series Controller
1 ) Allocate the input pin to be used for the function block.
2 ) Press the OK key with the cursor in the function block. The function block edit screen is
displayed as shown.
B 0 0 1 : DO S
T i me u n i t
Se t u p FB
Ch a n g e No
De l e t e FB

3 ) Press the OK key to set the Time unit for the random delayed output. Choose either a
10ms, 100ms or 1s time interval using the and keys to highlight the option and press
the OK key when ready.
T i me u n i t
1 0 ms
1 0 0 ms
1 s
6 - 99

Function Blocks 6

Simple Application Controllers

4 ) Return to the function block edit screen. Using the Up and Down keys to highlight the
Setup FB and press the OK key.
B 0 0 1 : DO S
D e l a y T i me
On e Sh o t
Co n d i t i o n

5 ) Highlight DelayTime from the list of options and press the OK key. The Delay Time can
be entered using the , , + and - keys.
B 0 0 1 : DO S
D e l a y t i me
0 . 1s
T=
t=
0 . 0s

6 ) Highlight OneShot from the list of options and press the OK key to enter times. The One
Shot Time can be entered using the , , + and - keys.
B 0 0 1 : DO S
On e s h o t
T=
0 . 1s
t=
0 . 1s

7 ) Highlight Condition from the list of options and press the OK key to enter either a
RiseEdge or a FallEdge for the Delayed One Shot Operation.
B 0 0 1 : DO S
Co n d i t i o n
R i s eEdg e
Fa l l Edg e

8 ) Press the OK key to accept and use the ESC key to return to the FBd.

6 - 100

2 Simple Application Controllers

6.35

Function Blocks 6

Delayed Alternate Block

The function block is used to generate a delayed alternate pulse to the output pin of the
function block.
Table 6.53: Delayed Alternate Function Block
Function

Set Item

Description

Input pin for delayed alternate function block

Clear pin for delayed alternate function block

1) Time units: 10ms, 100ms or 1s (*Note)

FB
2) Delay Time range: 0 to 32767

I
C

The following items are available for another function block:

1) Word Output
a) Delay set value
b) Current value of delay time

000
P
O
DA L

Output

2) Bit output
a) The delay action occurs after the function block sees the rising
edge of the input signal.
b) After the specified Delay time, the Output signal changes state
c) When the Clear Input signal sets ON, the Current Delay Time is
cleared and the Output signal will reset OFF.

Note: The delay time cannot be less than one scan time for the controller; otherwise,
the Delayed Alternate Function Block will not perform its assigned task for the time
specified. Users can monitor the scan time from the 2 Series Controller. Scan time is
dependent on the user-program; therefore, caution is needed as and when time units
are selected.
1 ) Delayed Alternate Operation
Input pin
Clear pin
OFF

Output pin

OFF

ON

Delayed
Time

Delayed
Time

Reset delayed timer

Delayed
(shorter than set time) Time

Reset
Output pin
Reset delayed timer
(shorter than set time)

2 ) Delayed Alternate sample program

I01

I
CL

O02

DAL

Delay Time: 1s

I02

3 ) Delayed Alternate comparison sample program

I01
I

I02

CL

I
DL

CL

AL

O02

ON Delay Time:
1s (10 100ms)
OFF Delay Time:
0s (0 100ms)

6 - 101

Function Blocks 6

Simple Application Controllers

Setup of the Delayed Alternate Function Block directly from the 2 Series Controller
1 ) Allocate the input pin to be used for the function block.
2 ) Press the OK key with the cursor in the function block. The function block edit screen is
displayed as shown.
B 0 0 1 : DA L
T i me u n i t
Se t u p FB
Ch a n g e No
De l e t e FB

3 ) Press the OK key to set the Time unit for the delayed alternate output. Choose either a
10ms, 100ms or 1s time interval using the and keys to highlight the option and press
the OK key when ready.
T i me u n i t
1 0 ms
1 0 0 ms
1 s

4 ) Return to the function block edit screen. Using the

and press the OK key.

and

keys highlight the Setup FB

B 0 0 1 : DA L
D e l a y T i me
T=
0 . 1s
t=
0 . 0s

5 ) Press the OK to accept subsequently use the ESC key to return to the FBd.

6 - 102

2 Simple Application Controllers

6.36

Function Blocks 6

Retentive Set Reset Block

The function block operates is identical in operational procedure as the Set/ Reset function
block, however, a retentive option has been provided for the user to hold the state of the output
after the power has been turned OFF.
Table 6.54: Retentive Set Reset Function Block
Function

S
R

Set Item

Description

Indicates the input is a set pin

Indicates the input is a reset pin

FB

1) Priority
a) Set
b) Reset

000
O
P

The output of the function block operates in either an ON or OFF

state.

RSR

1) Set the output ON until the reset pin is ON.

Output
2) Decides the status of the output depending which input pin has
priority.
3) Remember Output Signal after a Power Cut.

1 ) Retentive Set Reset operation with reset priority

Set pin

OFF

ON
OFF

Reset pin
Output pin

OFF

ON

Power supply
(Run mode/
Stop mode)

ON (Run mode)

ON
OFF

*
OFF
(Stop mode)

2 ) Retentive Set Reset operation with set priority

Set pin
Reset pin
*

Output pin
Power supply
(Run mode/
Stop mode)

ON (Run mode)

OFF
(Stop mode)

6 - 103

Simple Application Controllers

Function Blocks 6

Setup of the Retentive Set/Reset Function Block directly from the 2 Series Controller
1 ) Allocate the input pin to be used for the function block.
2 ) Press the OK key with the cursor in the function block. The function block edit screen is
displayed as shown.
B 0 0 1 : RS R
Se t u p FB
Ch a n g e No
De l e t e FB

3 ) The function block operates on a Set or Reset priority. Select the priority using the
keys and subsequently press the OK key.
B 0 0 1 : RS R
Pr i or i t y
Se t
Re s e t

4 ) Press the OK key and use the ESC key to return to the FBd.

6 - 104

and

2 Simple Application Controllers

6.37

Function Blocks 6

Control Display Manager

Display Manager controls the sequence of user screens to be displayed according to the signal
that specifies each user screens. When N04 has been turned ON, Display Manager becomes
effective. The user screen set with Display Manager is displayed on the 2 series. The
displayed user screen can be composed up to 10 Display function blocks.
However, the Display Manager can only be set using a combination of an 2 Series
Controller and the Al-PCS/WIN-E Vr 2.00. The Control Display Manager cannot be
programmed using the controller alone..
Insert CDP function block area
Add DP function block area

6 - 105

Function Blocks 6

Simple Application Controllers

6.37.1 Operation Image:

S ta tus scre e n o r U se r scre e n
(D ispla y fu n ctio n b lo ck un d e fin e d b y
d isp lay m a n a ge r)

W h e n N 0 4 is tu rn ed O F F , d isp la y
th e statu s scre e n or u se r scre en b y
d isp la y fu n ctio n b lock o n th e F B D
b a se .

W h e n N 0 4 is tu rn ed O N ,
d isp la y u se r scre e n b y th e
co n trolle d d isp la y m a n a g e r.

T h e co n tro lle d u se r scree n b y

d isp lay m a n a ge r
U ser S cre e n A

C o n trol sig n a l
fo r ch an g in g
u se r scre e n

C o n trol sig n a l
fo r ch an g in g
u se r scre e n

T h e co n tro lle d u se r scree n b y

d isp lay m a n a ge r
U ser S cre e n B

C o n trol sig n a l
fo r ch an g in g
u se r scre e n

C o n trol sig n a l
fo r ch an g in g
u se r scre e n

C o n trol sig n a l
fo r ch an g in g
u se r scre e n

C o n trol sig n a l
fo r ch an g in g
u se r scre e n

T h e co n tro lle d u se r scree n b y

d isp lay m a n a ge r
U ser S cre e n C

6 - 106

2 Simple Application Controllers

Function Blocks 6

6.37.2 To Set Display Manager:

1) Double click the Display Manager button on the FBD base window.

2) Click the Insert CDP button to Insert CDP function block for the control user screen
function

6 - 107

Simple Application Controllers

Function Blocks 6

3) Choose the CDP (Control Display Function) icon to add a DP (Display function block) for
each user screen.

4) Click the Add DP button to add DP function block(s) for the CDP function block. It is
possible to add a maximum of 10 DPs into 1 CDP.

6 - 108

2 Simple Application Controllers

Function Blocks 6

5) Choose the Display icon for indication FB (Function Block) or Analog value, and click
Connect button.
When not displaying them, please go to step 7).

6) Click the Connect button to display the FB value or the Analog Input value
- Free: Displays the Text, Date or Time. (Default setting)
- FB Word Output: Displays FB value. Choose function blocks from list.
- Analog Input: Displays Analog Input value. Choose Analog Input port.
When completing connection, click the "OK" button.

6 - 109

Simple Application Controllers

Function Blocks 6

7) Double-click the Display icon or click the Open button to set parameters. Further
information about parameters of the Display function block can be found in the
programming manual and Help on the AL-PCS/WIN-E.
On completion of the parameter settings, click the OK button.
Choosing Free on step 6)

6 - 110

2 Simple Application Controllers

Function Blocks 6

Choosing FB Word Output on step 6)

Choosing Analog Input on step 6)

6 - 111

Simple Application Controllers

Function Blocks 6

8) Double-click the CDP icon or click the Open button to set parameter.

C h a n ge scre e n sign a l

D isp laye d scre e n

9) Select the signal for changing user screens from the pull-down menu options.

6 - 112

2 Simple Application Controllers

Function Blocks 6

10) Select the next displayed user screen from the pull-down menu options.
When completing the control key setting, click the "OK" button.

11) When completing the control keys setting, click the OK button.

6.38

Connect Block
The Connect function block is an internal device used to show the memory used by input bits,
system bits, AS-interface bits, and the operation keys. No function block appears on screen or
shows as being used in the Memory Configuration Usage dialog box, the purpose is only to
calculate the memory that is used by the bits listed above.
Table 6.55: Connect Function Block
Function

Set Item
I

Input pin for the Connect Function Block.

The output ON/OFF status is controlled by the condition of the input
signal.

000
I

Description

Output

1) The output signal will be high if the input signal is ON. The output
signal will be low if the input signal is OFF.

_B

2) If the input pin is disconnected the ON/OFF status of the output

can be controlled from AL-PCS/WIN-E installed onto a personal
computer.

6 - 113

Function Blocks 6

Simple Application Controllers

MEMO

6 - 114

7.

Lets Make a Program 7

Simple Application Controllers

Lets Make a Program

Lets create a sample program from beginning to end. Power up the
go the TopMenu.

7.1

2 and press any key to

Option Settings
Before starting to program, we can set any desired options from the following list.
Refer to Chapter 3 for option settings
Language
Real Time Clock Set
Others...: Password, Dispass, Summertime Clock, Menu Key, Light Time and Serial
Communication
For the program below, none of the above options need be set. Use the ProgClear to erase the
current memory contents with OK. To confirm the memory erase, press OK" again.

7.2

The Function Block Diagram

The system Inputs I01, I02, and I03 are shown on the left of the diagram and the system
Outputs O01, O02, and O03 are shown on the right. The function blocks are numbered in the
order that they are added to the program.

S B001
C OS

I01

O01

One Shot
I02
I03

1 B002
2
3 OR
4

S B003
R SR

O02

Set/Reset
O03
The input pins are shown on the left side of the FB and the output pins are shown on the right
side of the blocks. Note that each input pin can receive only one signal but the output pins can
provide signals to multiple sources.

7-1

2 Simple Application Controllers

7.3

Lets Make a Program 7

Input the Program

The options are set and the Function Block diagram is finished. It is time to start inputting the
program. From the TopMenu enter ProgEdit to begin programming using the front keys as
described in Chapter 4 Direct Programming.
If during the course of the programming you wish to begin again, use the ESC key to enter
the Edit Menu. Use the Exit option to go back to the TopMenu. Erase the memory using
ProgClear and begin again.

7.3.1

Adding Function Blocks by the Left to Right method (Section 4.2.1)

The first block that is shown will be the Input Block I01 with the Input number 01 flashing.
Press the + or - keys to scroll through the available programming blocks including Outputs,
M bits, Keys, and the Inputs. Return to I01. Press the ( ) arrow key. The output pin should
now be flashing.
01

In

Press + to attach a function block to Input I01. The options available to connect to the Input
block will be shown on the right hand side of the screen. Use the ( ) and ( ) arrows to move
to the option to select, AddFB. Enter OK.
01
Ad d FB
O0 1
Co n n e c t

The FB select menu containing all 35 Function Blocks (including logic blocks) will appear
(picture). Again, use the ( ) and ( ) arrows to scroll to the desired Function Block, in this
case the One Shot (OS) Function Block. Use the OK button to accept.
FB Se l e c t
Re t e n t AL
F l i cker
On e Sh o t

The OS block has two input pins, the Input Pin on top and the Clear Pin beneath. Use the ( )
and ( ) arrows to choose the desired pin, in this case the Input pin. Confirm using the OK
button.
01

001
P

In

OS

Use the ( ) arrow twice to move right until the OS output pin is flashing (picture). Enter the +
key to add a block. There is no need to enter the AddFB mode because O01 will appear on
the list of blocks to add. Use the ( ) and ( ) arrows to scroll to O01, accept with the OK key,
and then confirm with the OK key.
001
P
OS

7-2

Simple Application Controllers

7.3.2

Lets Make a Program 7

Scroll through the Function Blocks by Number (Section 4.6.1)

When the Output has been connected, move one space to the right so that the Output number
01 is flashing. Use the + key to scroll through to Input I02. (You will scroll through the
Outputs, Keys, M bits, and finally get to the Inputs).
001
P

01

OS

Ou t

Move to the right one space so that the output pin is flashing. Connect I02 to the OR block,
(the same procedure as connecting I01 to the One Shot Block). The input pins for the OR
Block are equivalent so that any input pin can be chosen. [The key sequence for the OR Block
addition is OK, scroll to AddFB, OK, scroll to OR, OK, OK].
Move right until the OR output pin is flashing. Connect Output O03 in the same manner that
O01 was added. [The key sequence will be OK, scroll to O03, OK, OK].
002

03

OR

Ou t

With the OR output pin still flashing (see diagram at right), press the + key again. The output
pin of the OR block can be connected to another location.
Scroll to B01OS and press OK. The OR block and the OS block can now be connected
through the Clear pin (picture). Since the OS Input pin on top has already been filled, there
can be no further connection to that pin.
Co n n e c t
P
OR

OS

Press OK to accept the connection to the C, or Clear pin. They are now connected together.

7.3.3

002

001
P

OR

OS

Use the Jump Command (Section 4.6.3)

Press the ESC key to enter the Edit Menu. Choose the Jump option. Use the ( ) key to move
to the I column. Use the + key to move to I03 and accept with the OK key. Input I03 should
now be shown on the LCD.
E d i t Me n u
P r ogS i z e
J u mp
New FB
Ex i t
Mn e mo n i c

Connect to the OR block [( ), +, scroll to B02OR (it should not be necessary to move in this
case), OK, OK].

7-3

2 Simple Application Controllers

7.3.4

Lets Make a Program 7

Use the NewFB command

Use the ESC key to enter the Edit Menu again. On this occasion enter the New FB option.
Scroll to the Set/Reset FB and select with the OK button. The SR diagram should now
appear on the LCD.
003
P
SR

7.3.5

Connect the Function Blocks from Right to Left (Section 4.2.2)

Move to the left until one of the two input pins is flashing. The top pin is the Set pin which will
be connected to the OS block. The Reset pin on bottom will be connected to the OR block.
Move to the Set pin and press the + key; the available blocks to add will be shown on the left
of the screen. Scroll down through the choices until B01OS is shown (picture). Use the OK
to choose the block, then the OK key again to confirm the choice.
EO 0 4
003
0 0 1 OS S P
0 0 2 OR
Co n n e c t

Use the ( ) arrow to move down to the Reset pin. Connect the OR block using the same
procedure. [+, scroll ( ) to B02OR, OK, OK]
Move to the SR output pin and connect Output O02 using the Left to Right method of
connecting blocks. [( ), ( ), +, scroll to O02, OK, OK].
Move back to the left one space. The following diagram should now be showing on the LCD.
003
001 P
O0 2
002
SR

7-4

7.4

Simple Application Controllers

Lets Make a Program 7

Set up the Function Block Parameters (Section 4.5.1)

The options for the Function Blocks now need to be Set.
Move left until the SR Function Block number (03) is flashing. Press the OK to enter the FB
Edit Menu and press OK again to enter the Setup FB option. Choose the Reset option and
enter the data into program memory with the OK button.
B 0 0 3 : SR
Pr i or i t y
Se t
Re s e t

This is the only option in the SR Function Block. Use the ESC key to return to the Function
Block Diagram board.
The OR Block, like all the Logic Blocks, does not have any parameters that can or need to be
set.
Proceed to the One Shot Function Block. Use either the Jump command, trace the path
through the Set pin, or simply press the + key to scroll through the Function Blocks. When
the One Shot Function Block number (01) is flashing, press the OK key once to enter the FB
Edit Menu.
B 0 0 1 : OS
T i me u n i t
Se t u p FB
Ch a n g e No
De l e t e FB

Select the Time unit option from the menu using the OK button. The One Shot Function Block
allows for three different time increment settings: 10ms, 100ms or 1s.
T i me u n i t
1 0 ms
1 0 0 ms
1 s

Select the 100ms time increment using the OK button. The controller will return to the FB Edit
Menu. Select the Setup FB option from the Edit Menu. There are two option screens to be set.
B 0 0 1 : OS
On e Sh o t
Pr i o r i t y

Enter the OneShot option screen using the OK button. The One Shot screen has two timers
that can be set. The T timer is the Set Time for the One Shot block Output signal. The t timer
is the elapsed time or actual time the OneShot has been ON. If a value is input for t, the first
time the One Shot block is activated it will begin timing from the input value.
B 0 0 1 : OS
On e Sh o t
T=
0 . 1s
t=
0 . 0s

7-5

2 Simple Application Controllers

Lets Make a Program 7

Use the + button to enter a value of 20.0 seconds in the T timer. Move down to the t timer
and enter the value of 5.0 seconds. The OK button will accept the data for the entire screen.
If the OK button is pressed before all the data on the screen is input, re-enter the screen and
input the data. Data can be changed or edited in the same manner.
B 0 0 1 : OS
On e Sh o t
T=
20 . 0s
t=
0 . 0s

Press the OK button to accept the values above. Move down to the Priority option and press
the OK button. The Priority can be set for either Time or Input.
B 0 0 1 : OS
Pr i o r i t y
T i me
I npu t

Move to the Time option and press the OK button. All the screen data has now been set.
Return to the FBD using the ESC button. See Chapter 6 for details on the One Shot FB.

7.5

Exit the Function Block Diagram board

The programming is complete. To exit the FBD, press the ESC key to bring up the Edit Menu.
Scroll to the Exit option and press OK to move to the Stop Mode TopMenu.

7-6

2 Simple Application Controllers

8.

Appendix

8.1

Associated Manuals
Manual Name
~

2 Hardware Manual

Software Manual
<English only>

2 Series Communication

Appendix 8

Manual No.

Description

This manual contains hardware explanations of

JY992D97901 wiring, installation and specification, etc.
regarding the 2 Series Controller.
This manual contains explanations of operation
JY992D74001 regarding AL-PCS/WIN-E Programming
Software.

Users Manual
<English only>

This manual contains setup explanations for

JY992D97701 messaging, diagnostics, bit assignments, etc. for
communication using the 2 Series Controller.

2 Series Installation Manual

JY992D97501

AL2-4EX, AL2-4EX-A2,
AL2-4EYR, AL2-4EYT
Installation Manual

This manual contains hardware explanations for

JY992D97401 installation regarding the AL2-4EX, AL2-4EX-A2,
AL2-4EYR and AL2-4EYT extension modules.

AL2-EEPROM-2
Hardware Manual

JY992D96801

This manual contains hardware explanations for

installation regarding the AL2-EEPROM-2.

AL-232CAB
Hardware Manual

JY992D76001

This manual contains hardware explanations for

installation regarding the AL-232CAB.

AL2-GSM-CAB
Hardware Manual

JY992D97201

This manual contains hardware explanations for

installation regarding the AL2-GSM-CAB.

AL2-2DA
Installation Manual

JY997D09301

This manual contains installation explanations

for the AL2-2DA.

AL2-2PT-ADP
Installation Manual

JY997D09401

This manual contains installation explanations

for the AL2-2PT-ADP.

AL2-2TC-ADP
Installation Manual

JY997D09501

This manual contains installation explanations

for the AL2-2TC-ADP.

AL-ASI-BD, AL2-ASI-BD
Hardware Manual

This manual contains hardware explanations for

JY992D81401
wiring, installation and specification, etc.
JY992D81402
regarding the AL-ASI-BD and AL2-ASI-BD.

This manual contains hardware explanations for

installation regarding the 2 Series Controller.

~ Refer to these manuals.

{ Refer to this manual if necessary.
Refer to the content of these manuals if necessary though it is included in 2 Hardware
Manual.

8-1

2 Simple Application Controllers

8.2

Appendix 8

System Keys
Key Name Key number

8.3

Key Function

OK

K01

Used to enter menu options, confirm data entry, and manually force inputs
ON/OFF in the monitor function.

ESC

K02

Used to cancel an operation, move to a higher level screen, or to move to a

new menu.

K03

Used to connect (or add) function blocks, increase Direct Set input
values or times, or move through programs or menus.

K04

Used to disconnect function blocks, decrease Direct Set values or times,

or move through programs or menus.

( )

K05

Scroll up through menu options (menus, keys, FB, Inputs, Outputs, etc.)

( )

K06

Scroll down through menu options (menus, keys, FB, Inputs, Outputs, etc.)

( )

K07

Move to the right on the LCD display, FB program, or Jump command

( )

K08

Move to the left on the LCD display, FB program, or Jump command

System Bits
System Bit

Description

M01

Always ON.

M02

Always OFF.

M03

Alternate - 0.5 seconds ON, 0.5 seconds OFF.

M04

ON when Real Time Clock data error occurs.

M05

ON when Summer time schedule is activated.

M06

ON when AS-interface communication Error occurs.

M07

ON when communication Error caused by AS-interface power failure occurs.

M08

Pulses ON when Stop mode turns to Run mode in the 2 Series.

M09

Pulses OFF when Stop mode turns to Run mode in the 2 Series.

M10

ON during DCF77 decoding

M11

Pulses ON when DCF77 finishes decoding without an error

M12

ON when CD (DCD) signal is turned ON (receiving CD signal from the modem.)

M13

ON when it is possible to access the GSM network.

M14

ON when the 2 series controller is accessed via GSM

M15

ON when DCF77 finishes decoding with an error

M16

ON when external power for the 2DA board is on

M17

ON when there is a sensor defect at I01

M18

ON when there is a sensor defect at I02

M19

ON when there is a sensor defect at I03

M20

ON when there is a sensor defect at I04

M21

ON when there is a sensor defect at I05

M22

ON when there is a sensor defect at I06

M23

ON when there is a sensor defect at I07

M24

ON when there is a sensor defect at I08

8-2

2 Simple Application Controllers

8.4

Appendix 8

Boolean Gates
Logic
Block
State

AND

OR

Logic Block
Displayed
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4

00
O
AND
00
O
OR
00

NOT

1
NT
00

XOR

1
2
XOR

NAND

NOR

1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4

00
O
NAND
00
O
NOR

Description

Memory
Use

Section
Reference

T h i s f u n c t i o n exe c u t e s l o g i c a l A N D
operation on given input signals. The input
signals connected should be of bit input
type only. 4 Bit input pins and 1 Bit output
pin. If all the inputs are ON then the output
is ON, otherwise output is OFF.

19 Byte

5.1

This function executes logical OR operation

on given input signals. The input signals
connected should be of bit input type only. 4
Bit input pins and 1 Bit output pin. If all the
i n p u t s a r e O F F t h e n o u t p u t i s O F F,
otherwise output is ON.

19 Byte

5.2

T h i s f u n c t i o n exe c u t e s l o g i c a l N OT
operation on given input signal. The input
signal connected should be of bit input type
only. 1 Bit input pin and 1 Bit output pin.
Output is negation of Input given.

10 Byte

5.3

T h i s f u n c t i o n exe c u t e s l o g i c a l X O R
operation on given input signals. The input
signals connected should be of bit input
type only. 2 Bit input pins and 1 Bit output
pin.If both the inputs are either OFF or ON
then out put is OFF, otherwise output is ON

13 Byte

5.4

This function exec utes logical NAND

operation on given input signals. The input
signals connected should be of bit input
type only. 4 Bit input pins and 1 Bit output
pin. If all the inputs are ON then out put is
OFF, otherwise output is ON

19 Byte

5.5

T h i s f u n c t i o n exe c u t e s l o g i c a l N O R
operation on given input signals. The input
signals connected should be of bit input
type only. 4 Bit input pins and 1 Bit output
pin. If all the inputs are OFF then out put is
ON, otherwise output is OFF

19 Byte

5.6

8-3

2 Simple Application Controllers

Appendix 8

Function Blocks
FB Name

FB Symbol
1
2
3
4

Boolean
[BL]

Set/Reset
[SR]

S
R

Pulse
[PL]

000
P
O
BL

000
P
O
SR
000
P
O
PL

000

Alternate
[AL]

I
C

Delay
[DL]

I
C

One Shot
[OS]

Flicker
[FL]

AL
000
P
O
DL

I
C

000
P
O
OS

000
P
O
FL
000
P
O

Time Switch
[TS]

TS
000
P

Time Switch
m
[TSm]

Counter
[CN]

T Sm

I
C

000
P
O
CN

Description of Function Block

Memory
Use

Section

The Boolean Function Block uses Boolean

algebra to control the ON/OFF state of an
output. An operational expression consists
of either the AND, OR, NOR, XOR or NOT
form.

*1

6.3

The Set/Reset Function Block either holds

an output ON (set) or releases the output
OFF (reset.) Priority can be given to either
input pin if both inputs have been energised
simultaneously. The default priority setting
is dedicated to the reset input pin.

14 Byte

6.4

The Pulse Function Block sends a single

pulse to the output pin if the input pin
receives either an ON to OFF, OFF to
ON or ON to OFF And OFF to ON input
operation.

10 Byte

6.5

The Alternate Function Block is used to

reverse the ON and OFF state of the output
as and when the input pin receives a signal.
The output will be set ON when the input
pin goes high and remain ON until the input
receives the second rising edge.

13 Byte

6.6

The Delay Function Block provides an ON

delay timer and an OFF delay timer. Time
intervals for either situation can be set. The
time unit can be set to 10ms, 100ms or 1s
increments.

19 Byte

6.7

The One Shot Function Block awaits a

signal supplied to the input pin thereafter
setting the output according to the specified
time. The timing parameters control the
state of the output (depending on the
priority setting). The time unit can be set to
10ms, 100ms or 1s increments.

17 Byte

6.8

The Flicker Function Block changes the ON

and OFF state of the output according to a
preset flicker time. The time unit can be set
to 10ms, 100ms or 1s increments.

19 Byte

6.9

The Time Switch Function Block uses a

predefined time schedule to control the ON
and OFF status of the output.

*2

6.10

The Time Switch maintenance Function

Block uses a predefined time schedule to
control the ON and OFF status of the
output. The function block can be setup
from the TopMenu via the front panel keys.

*2

6.10

The Counter Function Block increments the

current value by one as and when the input
pin receives a signal. When the current
value reaches the set value the output is set
ON. The counter current value is reset as
and when the clear pin receives an input.

16 Byte

6.11

8-4

2 Simple Application Controllers

FB Name

FB Symbol
U
D
C
P

UD

Compare
[CP]

000
P
O

Analog
Output

U/D Counter
[UD]

000
P
O

CP

000
P
AO

Offset
Gain
[OG]

Display
[DP]

Zone
Compare
[ZC]

Schmitt
Trigger
[ST]

Hour Meter
[HM]

Speed
Detect
[SPD]

M
E

000
P
OG

000
P
DP

000
P
O
ZC

000
P
O
ST

I
C

000
P
O
HM

I
U
C

000
O
P
SPD

Appendix 8

Description of Function Block

Memory
Use

Section

The Up/Down Function block positively or

negatively increments the counter until a
set value is reached thereby setting the
output ON. A preset signal can also equal
the set value regardless of the current value
for the function block and thereby setting
the output ON.

22 Byte

6.12

The Compare Function Block monitors the

current value of the input pin in relation to a
preset expression. The expression consists
of =,>,>=,<,<= or <>. If the compared value
satisfies the expression subsequently the
output pin is set on.

17 Byte

6.13

The Analog Output function takes a digital

value input and delivers a corresponding
analog voltage or current to a selected
channel on the AL2-2DA module.

17 Byte

6.14

The Offset Gain Function Block is based

upon a linear function Y=A/BX+C to which
the value obtained from an analog input
(X:A01-A08) is set.

22Byte

6.15

The Display Function Block is used as an

interface between the user and the devices
held within the controller. Current values,
timer messages, user-defined messages
can be read.

*4

6.16

The Zone Compare Function Block

identifies whether the input value lies within
a specified upper and lower limited zonal
area and if so changes the status of the
output accordingly.

20 Byte

6.17

T h e S c h m i t t Tr i g g e r F u n c t i o n B l o ck
compares an input value to preset high and
low limits. The output is ON when the input
value reaches the high limit and then falls
below the lower limit. The function only
processes the data when the function block
is receiving an input signal.

19 Byte

6.18

The Hour Meter Function Block holds the

output status ON for a maximum of 32767
hours, 59 minutes and 59 seconds. If the
input pin is turned OFF the elapsed time
will hold its value until either the clear pin
resets the time or the input pin is turned ON
again.

19 Byte

6.19

The Speed Detect Function Block is used to

count the incoming pulses max. 20Hz (with
an extension module max. of 1kHz) for a
set period of time. The upper and lower
limits can be set from -32768 to +32767
and the Period intervals set range is 1 to
32767 in 10ms increments.

25 Byte

6.20

8-5

2 Simple Application Controllers

FB Name

PWM
[PWM]

PID

Appendix 8

FB Symbol

000
P
O
PWM

E
A
C

000
O
P
PID

000

Retentive
Alternate
[RAL]

I
C

Addition
[ADD]

Subtraction
[SUB]

Multiplication
[MUL]

Division
[DIV]

Calculation
[CAL]

Shift
[SFT]

SMS
[SMS]

O
RA L

000
O
P
A DD
000
P
O
SUB
000
O
P
MU L
000
O
P
DIV
000
P
O
CA L

I
T
S
R

000

SFT

000
O
P

S MS

Description of Function Block

Memory
Use

Section

The Pulse Width Modulation Function Block

changes the output status according to a
set period of time with a minimum of 100ms
and a maximum of 3276700ms in
increments of 100ms. The percentage duty
for the function controls the amount of
elapsed time before the output status is
changed.

16 Byte

6.21

The PID F unction Block is the 2

implementation of PID, a control method
used to obtain stable control over a system
variable. It is a equipped with an Autotuning function, which automatically adjusts
the Function Block parameters for the
specific application.

52 Byte

6.22

The Alternate Function Block is used to

reverse the ON and OFF state of the output
as and when the input pin receives a signal.
The output will be set ON when the input
pin goes high and remain ON until the input
receives the second rising edge. When the
power is turned OFF the function block will
use the last alternation operation to control
the output.

13 Byte

6.23

T h e A D D F u n c t i o n B l o ck i s u s e d t o
summate two input values

20 Byte

6.24

The SUB Function Block is used to subtract

two input values.

20 Byte

6.25

The MUL Function Block is used to multiply

two input values.

20 Byte

6.26

The DIV Function Block is used to divide

two input values.

20 Byte

6.27

The CAL Function Block is used to perform

a calculation from the combination of
different Arithmetic function blocks.

*3

6.28

This Shift Function Block is used to transfer

the Shift Input status just before the Input
signal is set ON. It has a bit input pin, a shift
input pin, a set input pin, a reset input pin
and a bit output pin.

19 Byte

6.29

The GSM SMS Function Block sends the

LCD screen as a SMS message to either a
mobile phone handset or an E-mail account
for remote maintenance purposes.

*6

6.30

8-6

2 Simple Application Controllers

Appendix 8

FB Name

FB Symbol

Short
Message
Receiving
[SMR]

E
R

000
P
O
SMR

Short
Message
Receiving m
[SMRm]

E
R

Call Detect
[CD]

E
R

000
P
O
SMRm

000
P
O
CD

Call Detect
m
[CDm]

E
R

000
P
O
CDm

Random One
Shot
[ROS]

I
C

Delayed One
Shot
[DOS]

I
C

Delayed
Alternate
[DAL]

I
C

Retentive
Set/Reset
[RSR]

Control
Display
[CDP]

000
P
O
RO S
000
P
O
DO S
000
P
O
DA L

S
R

000
O
P
RSR

Description of Function Block

Memory
Use

Section

The Shor t Message Receive Function

Block searches for the occurrence of a
command in the SM. In case the command
text is exactly included in the SM, outputs
are changed.

*7

6.31

The Short Message Receive maintenance

Function Block searches for the occurrence
of a command in the SM. In case the
command text is exactly included in the SM,
outputs are changed. The function block
c a n b e s e t u p f r o m t h e To p M e n u
"Parameter" via the front panel keys.

*7

6.31

The Call Detect Function Block in case the

numbers of digits of both phone numbers
and the phone numbers itself are equal, the
CD Function Block output is switched on.

30 Byte

6.32

The Call Detect Function Block in case the

numbers of digits of both phone numbers
and the phone numbers itself are equal, the
CD Function Block output is switched on.
The function block can be setup from the
TopMenu "Parameter" via the front panel
keys.

30 Byte

6.32

The Random One Shot Function Block

emits a random length single pulse to the
output.

19 Byte

6.33

The Delayed One Shot Function Block

emits a single pulse after a controlled delay
to the output.

20 Byte

6.34

The Delayed Alter nate Function Block

alternates the status of the output with each
pulse after a controlled delay.

16 Byte

6.35

The Set/Reset Function Block either holds

an output ON (set) or releases the output
OFF (reset.) Priority can be given to either
input pin if both inputs have been
energised. The default priority setting is
dedicated to the reset input pin. When the
power is turned OFF the function block will
use the last set or reset operation to control
the output.

14 Byte

6.36

The Control Display Function allows the

user to control the LCD image screens. The
function block can only be set in
AL-PCS/WIN-E software for Alpha Series
Controllers. When control bit N04 is ON, it
is possible to control the displayed User
Screen.

*5

6.37

8-7

2 Simple Application Controllers

FB Name

Appendix 8

000

Connect
[ _B ]

Description of Function Block

Memory
Use

Section

The Connect function block is an internal

device used to show the memory used by
input bits, system bits, AS-interface bits,
and the operation keys. No function block
appears on screen or is shown as being
used in the Memory Configuration Usage
dialog box. The purpose is only to calculate
the memory that is used by the bits listed
above.

10 Btye

6.38

Control for external devices through relays

and transistors.

10 Btye

FB Symbol

O
_B

System
Outputs

Note:
1 ) Number of bytes used = 19 + 1 (Characters in equation)
2 ) Number of bytes used = 8 + 4 (Number of time switches)
3 ) Number of bytes used = 30 + 1 (Characters in equation)
4 ) Number of bytes used is decided by the displayed item.
Displayed Item

16 + 1 (Each character displayed)

Characters
Analog, FB value

Number of bytes, 2 Series

Value

17

Graph

23

Time, Date

14

Time Switch

17

5 ) Number of bytes used = 32 + 3 (Number of screen)

6 ) Number of bytes used = 12 + 1 (Characters in E-Mail address)
7 ) Number of bytes used = 37 + (Number of characters of setup commands)

8-8

2 Simple Application Controllers

8.5

Appendix 8

PID Formulas
Table 8.1: PID Equations

PV fn = PVn + f (PV fn 1 PVn )

Filtered Process Value

Filtered Set Value

SV fn =

EVn = PV fn SV fn

Deflection (Error Value)

In =

Integration Value

Derivative Value

1
(TS SVn + TI (SVn SVn1 ) + TI SV fn 1 )
TS + TI

Dn =

TS
EVn
TI

TD
(PV fn 2PV fn1 + PV fn2 + K D Dn1 )
TS + K DTD

C o n t r o l Va l u e C h a n g e i n
Forward Operation

MVn = K P ((EVn EVn 1 ) + I n + Dn )

C o n t r o l Va l u e C h a n g e i n
Reverse Operation

MVn = K P ((EVn EVn 1 ) + I n + Dn )

Manipulation Value

MVn = MVn

8-9

2 Simple Application Controllers

Appendix 8

Table 8.2: List of Additional Variables used in the PID equations

Variable

Description

EVn

Deflection for current sample

EVn-1

Deflection of previous sample

In

Intergration Value for current sample

KD

Derviative Gain

KP

Proportional Gain

MVn

Output Value for current sample (Manipulated Value)

PVfn

Measured Value (filtered) for current sample

PVfn-1

Measured Value (filtered) for previous sample

PVfn-2

Measured Value (filtered) for two samples ago

PVn

Measured Value for current sample

SVfn

Set Value (filtered) for current sample

SVfn-1

Set Value (filtered) for previous sample

SVn

Set Value for current sample

SVn-1

Set Value for previous sample

TD

Dervative Time

TI

Integration Time

TS

Sample Time

MVn

Change in Manipulated Value for the current sample

Proportional gain coefficient (See Control Response)

Input value filter coefficient

Integration time coefficient (See Control Response)

Table 8.3: Coeffiecient Values for Different Response Times

Operation
FAST

100%

100%

NORMAL

40%

135%

SLOW

0%

100%

8 - 10

2 Simple Application Controllers

HEAD OFFICE: MITSUBISHI DENKI BLDG MARUNOUCHI TOKYO 100-8310

HIMEJI WORKS: 840, CHIYODA CHO, HIMEJI, JAPAN

JY992D97101C
(MEE)

Effective Aug. 2005

Specifications are subject to change without notice.