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Chapter 4.3 Part 1 Circular Functions PDF

The document defines various circular functions including sine, cosine, tangent, cotangent, secant, and cosecant. It provides their definitions based on a wrapping function P(t) = (x, y) and discusses their domains, ranges, and periodic properties. Examples are included to demonstrate evaluating the functions at given values of t. The periodic nature of the circular functions is emphasized, defining concepts like period, cycle, and amplitude. Sine and cosine functions are generalized using an equation form involving amplitude a, period 2π/b, phase shift h, and vertical shift k.

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10K views4 pages

Chapter 4.3 Part 1 Circular Functions PDF

The document defines various circular functions including sine, cosine, tangent, cotangent, secant, and cosecant. It provides their definitions based on a wrapping function P(t) = (x, y) and discusses their domains, ranges, and periodic properties. Examples are included to demonstrate evaluating the functions at given values of t. The periodic nature of the circular functions is emphasized, defining concepts like period, cycle, and amplitude. Sine and cosine functions are generalized using an equation form involving amplitude a, period 2π/b, phase shift h, and vertical shift k.

Uploaded by

jii
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 4

9/13/2011

Sine Function
Let P be the wrapping function. Then if

Chapter 4.3 A
Circular Functions

P t x , y ,
the sine function is defined as
sin t y.

Cosine Function

Example 4.3.1
Evaluate the following.

Let P be the wrapping function. Then if

1. sin 2 0

P t x , y ,

cos 2 1

P 2 1,0
2
2. sin
3

2
cos

2
3
2 1 3
P ,

3 2 2

the cosine function is defined as


cos t x.

Tangent and Cotangent Functions


Let P be the wrapping function. Then if
7
3. cos
6

7 3 1
P
,

6 2 2

7
sin
6

P t x , y ,
then
y
tan t , x 0
x
x
cot t , y 0
y

9/13/2011

Secant and Cosecant Functions


Let P be the wrapping function. Then if
P t x , y ,
then
1
sec t , x 0
x
1
csc t , y 0
y

P t x , y
sin t y

cos t x

y
tan t , x 0
x
1
sec t , x 0
x

x
cot t , y 0
y
1
csc t , y 0
y

Example 4.3.2
Find the 6 circular function values when t
3

1. sin
3 2
1
2. cos
3 2

Example 4.3.2

.
3

1 3
P ,

3 2 2

Find the 6 circular function values when t


5. sec 2
3

Example 4.3.3
Find the 6 circular function values when t .
2. cos 1
0
0
1
4. cot is undefined

3. tan

1
1
1
6. csc is undefined
5. sec

1 3
P ,

3 2 2

2 2 3
6. csc

3
3
3

3

2 3
3. tan
1
3
2
1
1
3

4. cot 2

3
3
3
3
2

1. sin 0

.
3

P 1,0

Challenge!
Evaluate the following as fast as you can.
2 1
1. cos

3 2

2. tan 1
4

4
5. sec
3

6. csc 0 is undefined

1
11
3. sin

2
6

2
5
7. sin

2
4


4. cot 3
6


8. tan
6

9/13/2011

Domain, Range, and Graphs


1. f t sin t

Domain, Range, and Graphs


2. f t cos t

P t x , y

Dom f

sin t y

Rng f 1,1

P t x , y

Dom f

cos t x

Rng f 1,1

f (t)

f (t)

-6

-5

-4

-3

-2

-1

-6

-5

-4

-3

-2

-1

-1

-1

-2

-2

Domain, Range, and Graphs


tan t y

P t x , y

3. f t tan t

Domain, Range, and Graphs


x

cot t x

P t x , y

4. f t cot t

Dom f t t k , k is an integer

Dom f t t
, k is an odd integer
2

Rng f
f (t)

Rng f
f (t)

-6
-6

-5

-4

-3

-2

-1

-5

-4

-3

-2

-1

-1

-1

-2
-2

-3
-3

Domain, Range, and Graphs


sec t 1

P t x , y

5. f t sec t

Dom f t t
, k is an odd integer
2

Rng f , 1 1,
f (t)

Domain, Range, and Graphs


x

csc t 1

P t x , y

6. f t csc t

Dom f t t k , k is an integer
Rng f , 1 1,
f (t)

3
2

-6
-6

-5

-4

-3

-2

-1

-5

-4

-3

-2

-1

-1

-1
-2
-3

-2
-3

9/13/2011

Periodic Functions

Periodic Functions
The six circular functions are periodic.

Periodic functions are functions whose values


repeat after a fixed interval.

f (t)

2
1

-6

The fixed interval is called the period.

-5

-4

-3

-2

-1

10

11

12

-1

-2

period

Cycle

Amplitude

A cycle is simply the portion of a graph of a


function over an interval of length equal

The amplitude of a graph of the sine or


cosine function refers to one-half the

to the period.
f (t)

2
1

-6

-5

-4

-3

-2

-1

10

11

-1

12

-2

1 cycle

1 cycle

1 cycle

Amplitude

f (t)

absolute difference between the highest


and the lowest function values.

Sine and Cosine Functions


Form:

g x a cos b x h k

-6

-5

-4

-3

-2

-1

f x a sin b x h k

Domain:

Range:

k a , k a

-1
-2

1
1
amplitude 1 1 2 1
2
2

Amplitude: a

Period:

2
b

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