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Osi Model: Open Systems Interconnection Model

The OSI model is a conceptual model that characterizes and standardizes communication functions into seven abstraction layers. Each layer serves the layer above it and is served by the layer below. Two instances at one layer connect horizontally on that layer. It was developed in the 1970s-80s by ISO and ITU to standardize network architecture. The seven layers are physical, data link, network, transport, session, presentation and application.

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127 views10 pages

Osi Model: Open Systems Interconnection Model

The OSI model is a conceptual model that characterizes and standardizes communication functions into seven abstraction layers. Each layer serves the layer above it and is served by the layer below. Two instances at one layer connect horizontally on that layer. It was developed in the 1970s-80s by ISO and ITU to standardize network architecture. The seven layers are physical, data link, network, transport, session, presentation and application.

Uploaded by

Andres Moreno
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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OSI MODEL

Open Systems Interconnection Model

OSI Model
It is a conceptual model that characterizes and
standardizes the internal functions of a communication
system by partitioning it into abstraction layers.
The model groups communication functions into seven
logical layers. A layer serves the layer above it and is
served by the layer below it.
Two instances at one layer are connected by a
horizontal connection on that layer.
From: en.wikipedia.org

OSI Model - History


In the late 1970s, two projects began independently to define a unifying standard for the
architecture of networking systems. One was administered by the ISO, and the other by the
CCITT.
In 1983, they were merged to form a standard called The Basic Reference Model for Open
Systems Interconnection, or shortly the Open Systems Interconnection Reference Model, the
OSI Reference Model, or even just the OSI Model.
It was published in 1984 by both the ISO, as standard ISO 7498, and the ITU-T as standard
X.200.
OSI had two major components: an abstract model of networking, called the Basic Reference
Model or seven-layer model, and a set of specific protocols.
In this model, a networking system was divided into layers. Within each layer, one or more
entities implement its functionality. Each entity interacted directly only with the layer
immediately beneath it, and provided facilities for use by the layer above it.
From: en.wikipedia.org

OSI Model

Layer

Data unit

7. Application
6. Presentation
Host
layers

Data

5. Session

Function[3]
High-level APIs, including resource sharing, remote file
access, directory servicesand virtual terminals
Translation of data between a networking service and an
application; includingcharacter encoding, data
compression and encryption/decryption
Managing communication sessions, i.e. continuous exchange of
information in the form of multiple back-and-forth transmissions
between two nodes
Reliable transmission of data segments between points on a
network,
includingsegmentation, acknowledgement and multiplexing

4. Transport

Segments

3. Network

Packet/Data Structuring and managing a multi-node network,


gram
including addressing, routingand traffic control

Media
layers 2. Data link
1. Physical

Bit/Frame
Bit

From: en.wikipedia.org

Reliable transmission of data frames between two nodes


connected by a physical layer
Transmission and reception of raw bit streams over a physical
medium

Examples
HTTP, FTP, S
MTP

TCP, UDP, L
2TP
IPv4, IPv6, I
Psec, Apple
Talk
PPP, IEEE
802.2
DSL, USB

From: http://blog.buildingautomationmonthly.com/what-is-the-osi-model/

http://haymanezzeldin.blogspot.com/2008/02/scanning-basics.html

http://haymanezzeldin.blogspot.com/2008/02/scanning-basics.html

http://haymanezzeldin.blogspot.com/2008/02/scanning-basics.html

From: www.networkworld.com/

From: http://fiberbit.com.tw

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