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GT11N2
GAS TURBINE
Unique in its fuel flexibility and reliability

POWER

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Meeting your demands

Utilities and independent power producers around the world face unprecedented change in their
industry deregulation and the resulting intensified competition, stringent emissions legislation
and environmental compliance. The challenge is to meet these requirements and still raise
efficiency and productivity to maximise profits.
The feasibility of a power generation project depends not only on the use of cost-effective and
reliable mainstream equipment, but also on finding that unique fit, which often calls for smaller,
highly customisable gas turbines, plus the extensive support a leading equipment manufacturer
such as Alstom Power can offer.
The GT11N2, a market-oriented solution
Alstom developed the GT11N2 to satisfy a market need for a 60 Hz/50 Hz, 115 MW unit powered
by a wide range of fuels. With this high operational flexibility and its rugged design, the GT11N2
is suited to a variety of applications, ranging from simple-cycle operation, through industrial
co-generation applications, to combined-cycle power generation.
The GT11N2 comes with three types of combustor. The EV (environmental burner) dry low NOx
combustor is suitable for standard natural gas fuels. The LBTU combustor can cope with fuels such
as blast furnace gases with a low heating value (LHV) as low as 2,200 kJ/kg. Finally, the Single
Burner (SB) combustor can burn diesel oil or high hydrogen synthetic fuels with a hydrogen
content of well in excess of 50%.
A solution with a proven track record
Since its introduction in 1989, the heavy-duty GT11N series has established itself as one of the
most reliable gas turbines in its class. Today, the GT11N2 fleet boasts 60 units worldwide in
operation in various industrial co-generations, simple or combined-cycle applications. The fleet has
a proven record of high reliability and availability with more than one million fired hours in ambient
conditions from - 40C to + 50C.

Right technology, right products

Alstoms gas turbines stand out for their high cost efficiency,
availability and flexibility.
The range covers a wide spectrum of products, including machines
for both the 50 Hz and 60 Hz markets. They can operate either in
simple cycle or combined cycle and are fuelled by natural gas,
medium or low calorific gases or light oil; with on-line fuel switch
over capability eliminating dependency on any one fuel.

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GT11N2: the benefits

Unique fuel flexibility
Three different combustion systems enable the GT11N2 turbine to be adapted to
individual fuel needs. The LBTU combustor operates on low-calorific gases such
as blast furnace gas without the need for blending higher calorific gases. The EV
combustor offers dry low NOx (DLN) combustion. The Single Burner (SB)
combustor increases power output, even with standard fuels.

Maximum operational flexibility

The GT11N2s high operational flexibility is the result of excellent part load
efficiency and emissions, fuel flexibility, quick reaction to changing load
demands, and customisation to power plant operations.

High reliability/availability
The GT11N2 fulfils the highest availability and reliability benchmark criteria,
with experience from over 1.5 million fired hours. For simple-cycle operations,
the GT11N2 has achieved an average of 99% start reliability in peaker units
and over 99% reliability in continuous operating units.

Excellent mxaintainability
Exceptional accessibility and a simplified arrangement ensure that maintenance
of the GT11N2 is fast and smooth. The combustor only requires visual
inspections between hot gas path inspections. The welded rotor technology
eliminates the need for major overhauls (where the rotor needs to be returned
to the factory for refurbishment).

Low environmental emissions

The EV burner technology enables Alstom gas turbines to meet the most
stringent environmental requirements. The GT11N2 achieves a dry low NOx
emission level of 25 ppm or less when operating at base load with natural
gas, and 42 ppm with oil (wet). The LBTU combustor has a record of
continuous single-digit NOx emissions.

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Unique fuel flexibility

Our knowledge of fuel usage and extensive operating experience gained in special fuel applications
over the past 50 years, allow Alstom to offer gas turbines designed to operate on various fuels.
In addition to the standard gas turbine
fuels, natural gas and No. 2 fuel oil, the
GT11N2 can burn special fuels, such
as low-calorific gases from steel mills or
waste gases from chemical processes.
The reason for this unique fuel flexibility
lies in the design of the GT11N2 with
its top-mounted silo combustor. This
external combustor design allows
easy adaptation of the GT11N2 to a
specific fuel. Three different combustors
with different burner configurations are
available, depending on the specific
plant requirements.

EV Combustor

SB Combustor

This dry low-NOx combustor uses

Alstoms proven EV (Environmental)
burners for low emissions. The dualfuel EV burner is designed for gaseous,
as well as liquid fuels and has been
successfully operated for millions of
fired hours in all Alstom Power gas
turbines. The EV combustor is wellsuited to simple and combined-cycle
operation, where low emissions and
high efficiencies are important.

The Single Burner (SB) combustor with

its single fuel nozzle and large combustion
chamber is extremely well-suited to
simple-cycle peaking applications, where
large water amounts can be safely injected
into the combustor. This increases power
output of the gas turbine by up to 15%
above base load, while keeping NOx
emissions at 25 ppm for gas operation
and 42 ppm for No. 2 fuel oil operation.

LBTU Combustor
The GT11N2 is the biggest gas turbine
worldwide capable of base load
operation exclusively burning lowcalorific gases without blending with
higher calorific gases. Safe continuous
operation has been demonstrated for
blast furnace gases with heating values
as low as 2,200 kJ/kg (950 Btu/lb.),
while achieving single digit NOx
emissions. Its rugged design makes the
LBTU combustor the ideal fit for
demanding industrial operation
conditions while burning waste gases
from steel mills or chemical processes.

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Key design features

The GT11N2 is a rugged, compact gas turbine based on Alstom Powers proven technology
that was specially developed for demanding service environments. It is specifically designed
for ease of maintenance, easy visual inspections and short hot gas path inspections.

Solid welded rotor

Combustor

Alstoms maintenance-free gas turbine rotor is a prime

example of the companys insistence on the highest quality
standards. Its design using forged discs welded together
used in all Alstom gas and steam turbines, has not had a single
weld or disc failure in over 70 years of operation. This singleelement design ensures high rotor stiffness, which is at the root
of the machines high reliability and trouble-free operation.
Since the rotor is welded, it has no through-bolts and no risk
of misalignment. Furthermore, re-stacking is not applicable so
the rotor never goes back to the factory for major overhauls.
Reblading and re-balancing are done on-site. In short, a
maintenance-free rotor.

The single, top-mounted, silo combustor allows for easy

access from the top of the engine for direct visual inspection
of the combustor and hot gas path, as well as the first row
of turbine vanes and blades.
Three combustor types are available.
The EV (Environmental burner) dry low NOx combustor is
suitable for standard natural gas fuels, whereas the LBTU
combustor for low calorific value fuels can cope with fuels
such as blast furnace gases with a heating value (LHV) as
low as 2,200 kJ/kg. The Single Burner (SB) combustor is
designed for high output peaking with water or steam
injection.

Compressor

Turbine

The 14-stage compressor with a pressure ratio of 16:1

benefits from a high combined-cycle part-load efficiency
based on compressor turn-down capability. The compressor
variable guide vanes (VGVs) provide a high compressor flow
turn-down capability, allowing process steam conditions to be
maintained from 100% gas turbine output all the way to 40%
gas turbine output.

The four-stage turbine is made of materials that are easy to

recondition. The turbine blade losses are minimised thanks
to 3-D designed and air-cooled blades and vanes for the first
two stages. Hence the turbines high efficiency.

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Low-calorific gas challenge

The need for reliable, efficient and environmentally friendly
solutions has driven many industrial users to search for
better ways to burn waste gases from industrial plants in
conventional thermal power plants.

Steel mill / blast furnace gas

In the last 50 years, Alstom has built a
significant number of gas turbines
designed for applications in steel mills
using low-calorific fuels. The operating
experience of these machines exceeds
two million hours. One of these
turbines, installed in 1959 at the
Donawitz plant in Austria, has today
notched up over a quarter of a million
operating hours. Only minor
modifications were needed to adapt an
existing LBTU diffusion burner for this
application. Its design is based on that
of similar burners installed in more than
20 units operating on blast furnace gas.

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The two GT11N2 units in

commercial operation at Bao Shan,
China, and Mizushima, Japan, have
now accumulated nearly 150,000
fired hours. Operations of these two
power plants have demonstrated
excellent results, confirming the
forecast performance and single-digit
emission levels. With thermal
efficiencies of over 45%, such plants
are a very attractive solution for
industrial users burning waste gases.

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Greater flexibility in heat and power

The Alstom power plant concept
Alstom Power has introduced a range of pre-engineered,
modularised combined-cycle power plants, based on
customer requirements and configured for optimal
performance and short installation time. Thanks to this
concept, Alstom can deliver a turnkey power plant at low risk
and reduced overall costs. The modules can be adapted to
specific site conditions and individual customer requirements.
This concept reduces the cost of electricity production as a
result of:
T Pre-engineered solutions that shorten the time from
contract to grid-to-power;
T Higher reliability and availability;
T Full turnkey power plant capability;
T Easy multiplication of blocks;
T Simple and robust design with well-defined quality
standards;
T Substantial modularisation and pre-assembly;
T Flexible location of the administration building and
Balance of Plant (BOP) systems.

The KA11N2-2 combined-cycle

power plant
The KA11N2-2 power plant concept is a truly customised
package designed to provide operational flexibility and reduce
the time from order to reliable commercial operation. This
makes the KA11N2-2 the ideal choice for customers with a
need for a fast increase in electricity and heat.

T Modular multi-shaft arrangement in a 2 on 1

configuration;
T Compact floor-mounted arrangement;
T Special options available for high earthquake loads and
high-altitude sites;
T Phased construction option.

KA11N2-2 for cogeneration

The profitability of a multi-block power plant can often be
significantly enhanced by adding another dimension: heat to
produce HP (high pressure) steam at a reasonable cost and,
possibly, additional district heating can easily compensate for
lower base load plant efficiencies. A single KA11N2-2 block
can generate over 430 tons/hr of HP steam.

GT11N2 for repowering

The compact GT11N2/KA11N2-2 is extremely suitable for

repowering applications. Using the identical gas turbine
island of the KA11N2-2 CCPP makes it easy to adapt to
existing steam turbines. Significant cost reductions are
achieved with two or more GT11N2s matching one steam
turbine.

GT11N2 for simple-cycle peaker

The identical KA11N2-2 compact gas turbine island is also

usable for open cycle peaking needs. High starting reliability,
high maximum power output for a peaking unit, short startup time, and low initial costs make the GT11N2 an excellent
peaking unit. Several power-increase options are available.

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The GT11N2 in action

GT11N2 fleet has a proven record of high reliability and availability with more than 1.5 million
fired hours. It operates successfully worldwide in various industrial co-generations, simple or
combined-cycle applications.

Termobarranquilla /

COLOMBIA

This 750 MW natural gas-fired power

station, located near Barranquilla on
Columbias Atlantic coast, is one of the
largest IPP projects in Latin America. The
power plant consists of two power
blocks: one 450 MW block based on
three GT11N2, and one steam turbine
and one 300 MW blocks based on two
GT11N2 and a second steam turbine.
The gas turbines are equipped with EV
burners for low NOx emissions without
water or steam injection. This power
plant is one of the cleanest in South
America.
The power plant has started to supply
electricity to the local grid at the
beginning of 1996. The first two units are
currently the leaders of the GT11N2 fleet,
with more than 70,000 fired hours each.

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Bao Shan / CHINA

Burgin / USA

Bao Steel Corporation of China installed

a GT11N2 unit for operation on LBTU
blast furnace gas, a by-product of
the steel-making process. Built in
co-operation with Kawasaki Heavy
Industries, this combined-cycle facility
aligns gas turbine, gas compressor, steam
turbine and turbogenerators on a single
shaft. The gas turbine went in operation
in the first quarter of 1997 and has
accumulated nearly 60,000 fired hours to
date. The plant is designed to provide up
to 150 MW of electrical power and up to
180 tons/hr of steam to the steel mill,
while burning blast furnace gas with a
heating value of 2,200 kJ/kg. The
GT11N2 gas turbine with the LBTU
combustor can burn this gas at very low
emissions.

The Burgin power plant, consisting of

five GT11N2 units, is located in Mercer
County, Kentucky, on a 35-acre plot
adjacent to an existing three-unit steam
generating station. The purpose of the
plant is to provide peaking power in the
summer and winter seasons. The power
plant has been designed as an unmanned
facility with minimal connections to the
existing steam units service water for
plant auxiliaries, de-mineralised water for
NOx control, and a data highway for
remote control of the peaking units.
The first four units started operation
between 1994 and 1996, with a fifth
unit installed in 2001.

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Sarnia / CANADA

Valle de Mexico / MEXICO

TermoRio / BRAZIL

Alstoms GT11N2 gas turbine

technology is used for the largest
co-generation facility in Canada. The
650 MW combined-cycle co-generation
plant in Sarnia, Ontario, owned by
TransAlta Energy Corporation, is
amongst the largest independent power
projects in Canada. The plant generates
electricity and steam from a single
natural gas fuel source using the
combination of gas turbines, heat
recovery steam generators and steam
turbines. Sarnia features the key element
required for an efficient co-generation
project: substantial demand for both
steam and electricity. By efficiently
managing the fuel, the Sarnia Regional
co-generation plant reduces air
emissions associated with energy
production for the Dow Chemical
Canada Inc and Bayer Chemical sites.

Unit 4 of the existing Valle de Mexico

thermal power plant has been converted
into a combined-cycle plant. The
repowering of this unit has increased the
power output from 300 MW to around
550 MW at the design point and during
hybrid operation, providing additional
power to Mexico City. The power plant
has been fully operational since 2002
and was the first combined-cycle plant
in Mexico whose design allows for
operation in pure combined-cycle or
hybrid mode.
Alstom supplied three GT11N2 gas
turbines with TOPAIR turbogenerators,
three heat recovery steam generators
(HRSG) and the associated auxiliary
equipment, engineering, the electrical
and control system and a high voltage
switchyard. Alstom was responsible for
site preparation, civil works, erection and
commissioning. Alstom also originally
supplied the existing steam turbine to
Valle de Mexico.

TermoRio is a combined-cycle
co-generation power plant located on
the outskirts of Rio de Janeiro. It consists
of three KA11N2-2 combined-cycle
blocks. The plant delivers an electrical
power output of more than 1,000 MW
to the grid and 400 tons/hr of high
pressure steam to Petrobrass Reduc
refinery. It is one of the largest combined
cycle and co-generation power plants in
South America.
The plant was constructed in phases: it
started commercial operation in simple
cycle mode in 2002, less than a year
after placing the order. The whole plant
was complete in 2004. The highly
modularised KA11N2-2 helped
streamline project execution.

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Alstom Power R&D

Alstom Power R&D is market and customer oriented and focuses on creating innovative
technologies to apply at all stages of our products life cycles.
We aim for the best utilisation of the Customers
investment, the earths materials and the fuel used, through
efficiency, availability and cost reduction. The increased
environmental concern means that we place a focus on
minimising CO2 emissions through the development of
mitigation and renewable technologies for application in
new and retrofit installations.
The engineering and R&D workforce totals 5,500 people,
of which 4,000 are in engineering and 1,500 in R&D in over
20 R&D centres. There are more than 10 laboratories with
dedicated infrastructure, equipment and testing facilitities.
Alstom Power R&D policy takes a global approach which has
several benefits. First, it puts the work where the expertise is
located. Secondly, it helps to nurture close contacts with
universities and design institutes that can complement our
in-house efforts. Thirdly, it enables us to stay in touch with
global customers' expectations, anticipate their needs and
lead the technology trends.
Alstom Power works with more than 30 universities worldwide.
We establish close, long-term links with institutions and
professors who are experts in fields which are important to
us, for example, with MIT and Stanford Research Institute on
CO2, Grenoble and Lausanne universities on hydro turbines,

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Cologne's DLR on combustion, Oxford University on heat

transfer as well as with engineering institutes in China, India
and Russia.
In the field of international collaboration, Alstom Power has
played a leading role in establishing the European technology
platform for zero emission fossil fuel power generation (ZEP).

The Gas Turbine Test Power Plant

The Gas Turbine Test Power Plant located in Birr,
Switzerland, provides a unique environment for maintaining
Alstoms competitive advantage through product
improvement, all within the proximity of Alstom's R&D
facility, the gas turbine development department and the
manufacturing facility. The facility is equipped with a dual fuel
GT26 and a dual fuel GT8C2 gas turbine, both operating in
simple cycle mode dispatching to the Swiss electrical grid.
The shortened feedback loop (in terms of time and distance)
of field experience helps in speeding up design validation
and implementation in Alstom's gas turbine fleet. The Gas
Turbine Test Power Plant, in combination with the Product
Support organization and the GT development department
puts Alstom in a position to insure seamless implementation
of evolutionary product improvements based on the
GT24/GT26 fleet experience.

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Service during operation

Alstom Power offers extensive service experience in
power generation. It has a complete range of services from
traditional spare parts supply and field service specialists to
the full operation and maintenance of gas turbine and
combined-cycle power plants. As the Original Equipment
Manufacturer (OEM) we are ideally placed to provide
continuous plant improvement packages, e.g. performance
upgrades, lifetime extensions or emission reduction packages.
With over 100 years experience and an installed fleet of more
than 700 GW, Alstom Powers 200 Local Service Centers
(LSCs), located in 70 countries, are there to provide local
facilities and expertise directly to our customers, powering
your plant performance.

Long-term service contracts

Alstoms long-term service contracts are flexible in scope of
services and equipment covered as well as contract duration
in order to meet your unique business requirements.
With traditional purchase order contracts, customers can
purchase spare parts according to their needs. Service
agreements can add outage duration and performance
commitments and fixed prices for parts, services and consulting.
Our portfolio of Operations and Maintenance contracts ranges
from the provision of parts and services for planned maintenance
up to full operation and maintenance of the complete plant.
Our operation experience covers 12 plants and more than 30 gas
turbines of the GT11N2 type with long term service contracts.
Such contracts with the OEM benefit from the extensive firsthand experience gained from site operations and make full use
of the knowledge gained from the complete installed fleet.

With our service contracts, our partners obtain significantly

more svalue to ensure key requirements (depending upon scope
of supply) are met:
T Predictable operation & maintenance costs
T Reliability and availability
(expansion through turbine)
T Heat rate and power output
T
T Environmentally sound products
T 24 hour / 7 day plant support

Plant Support Center

Alstoms Plant Support Center (PSC) offers fast, comprehensive
technical support for the whole power plant. The PSC provides
direct access to a global network of technical experts, 24 hours
per day / 7 days per week. Expert support can be provided either
as a hotline for immediate and competent troubleshooting
assistance, or in the form of advanced remote monitoring and
diagnostic services to support your maintenance decisions.
Our PSC services help you to manage operational risks and
optimize plant performance.
ALSTOM POWER SERVICE PORTFOLIO
Full operation

O&M

General/daily maintenance

o&M

Operation & maintenance support

o&m

Planned & unplanned maintenance

Planned outages

Support & Consulting

Field Services
Parts
Purchase Order

Risk mitigation
by dedicated
OEM

Operation &
Maintenance
Contracts

Service
Agreements
(LTSA)

Optimization of costs
and performance
Purchase
Orders

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Plant Integrator
The trademark of Alstoms uniqueness
Creating customer value

Making a difference

Plant Integrator approach is a fully customised product range

in which customer needs have been systematically analysed and
measured to ensure their optimisation technically,
economically and ecologically. Alstom deliberately takes a
customer point of view to determine the value of Plant
Integrator products. Solutions are optimised to the highest
customer value the benchmark for all enhancements and
customisation.

We bring to the market a superior Plant Integrator offering

for thermal power plants:
T Single component packages and control systems, power
islands and complete plants;
T Operation and Maintenance services, including long-term
maintenance contracts for all types of equipment and power
plant;
T Retrofit solutions combining our knowledge in the initial
installation with that of Operation and Maintenance
services.

Solutions attuned to customers

interest
Thanks to our in-depth system design skills, we are able to
assemble components such that they maximise plant
performance. And, because we can boast a wide range of
components, our system designers can assemble the optimal
match; this is not possible by simply buying components like
commodities. Indeed, Alstom combines the skills of component
supplier AND architect engineer unrivalled in the industry.

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Benefits to customers
T Improve cash flow by achieving lowest costs
T Generate more power
T Increase installation efficiency
T Burn less fuel
T Improve operational flexibility

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A world leader in
clean power generation
Alstom Power is a global leader in the world of
power generation and sets the benchmark for innovative
and environmentally friendly technologies.
The company designs, manufactures and delivers state-ofthe-art products and systems to the power generation
(gas, coal and hydro power plants) and industrial markets.
In addition, Alstom provides the conventional equipment for
nuclear power plants.
Our objective is to build the cleanest integrated power
solutions for our customers. We supply and integrate all
components of a clean power system, from boilers to air
quality control and energy recovery systems. We also have
extensive experience in retrofitting, upgrading and
modernising existing power plant equipment. We can also
boast unrivalled expertise in project management for all types
and sizes of power generation systems small to large as
well as single equipment to complete turnkey solutions.

Manjung power plant, Malaysia

A world leader
Alstom Power supplies major equipment for
25% of the worlds installed base, making us:
N1 in turnkey power plants
N1 in air quality control systems
N1 in hydro turbines and generators
N1 in the number of installed boilers
worldwide
N1 in installed turbines and generators
for nuclear power plants
N1 in steam turbine retrofit and integrated
retrofit projects

Alstoms unique offering brings real value to our customers.

With our innovative plant integration concept, we help
operators to maximise their plant performance, while fully
complying with environmental regulations and obligations.

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Dunkirk combined cycle power plant, France.

Expertise in clean power solutions

Plant operators today face multiple challenges in their efforts
to make their plants more competitive, while complying with
the different environmental regulations.
Alstom is delivering clean power solutions now. As the
uncontested leader in clean power generation technologies,
we provide the cleanest integrated power solutions
on the market.
They cover all plants (both existing and new ones), all energy
sources (from fossil fuels to hydro and nuclear), and all
emissions (NOx, SOx, Mercury, particulate matter).
Alstom offers the complete range of products designed to
help power plants to either reduce pollutant and CO2
emissions, or to produce clean electricity from the outset.
For example, we deliver new coal-fired power plants with an
advanced supercritical design using proven clean combustion
solutions that are integrated with state-of-the-art emission
controls. Similarly, we improve the thermal and
environmental efficiency of existing power plants by
retrofitting plant components or upgrading the whole system.

Investing in the future of clean power

Alstom is uniquely placed as a plant integrator and full-service
provider to design and manufacture all the components
of a clean power plant, from turbines such as the GT11N2
to turbogenerators, boilers and air quality control systems.

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Alstom also invests substantially in the research and

development of new, environmentally friendly power solutions.
Together with partners, universities and customers in Europe
and the United States, we are working on collaborative
projects to develop solutions for pre- and post-combustion
CO2 capture and oxy-firing.

Research in action
In addition to our own R&D efforts to develop new emission
control technologies and improve existing techniques, we are
also involved in a number of public projects and partnerships,
notably in the field of CO2 capture and storage. The CASTOR
project (founded by the European Union) is studying
procedures for post-combustion separation that lower the
cost of CO2 capture and develop an understanding of the long
term storage mechanism. Within the ENCAP programme
(founded by the European Union), research is under way to
develop new pre-combustion and post-combustion CO2
capture technologies. The Zero Emission Fossil Fuel Power
Plants (ZEP) technology platform launched by the European
Commission aims to develop and deploy new competitive
options for zero emission fossil fuel power plants.

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GT11N2_007:Interior_A4Portrait 13/05/09 17:08 Page16

Alstom (Switzerland) Ltd

Brown-Boveri Strasse 7
CH-5401 Baden
Switzerland
Phone +41 56 205 70 58
Fax +41 56 205 28 88

www.alstom.com