F-2, Block, Amity Campus

Sec-125, Nodia (UP)

India 201303
ASSIGNMENTS
PROGRAM:
SEMESTER-I

Subject Name & Code

Study COUNTRY
Permanent Enrollment Number (PEN)
Student Name

BUSINESS STATISTICS
: Somalia
: BFIA01512010-2013019
: Mohamed Abdullahi Khalaf

INSTRUCTIONS
a) Students are required to submit all three assignment sets.
ASSIGNMENT
Assignment A
Assignment B
Assignment C

DETAILS
Five Subjective Questions
Three Subjective Questions + Case Study
45 Objective Questions

MARKS
10
10
10

b)
c)
d)
e)

Total weightage given to these assignments is 30%. OR 30 Marks

All assignments are to be completed as typed in word/pdf.
All questions are required to be attempted.
All the three assignments are to be completed by due dates (specified from
time to time) and need to be submitted for evaluation by Amity University.
f) The evaluated assignment marks will be made available within six weeks.
Thereafter, these will be destroyed at the end of each semester.
g) The students have to attach a scanned signature in the form.
Date: July 22, 2012
Signature:
( ) Tick mark in front of the assignments submitted
Assignment A

Assignment B

-2-

Assignment C

Assignment A (Five Analytical Questions)

Q: 1). Find the Bowleys coefficient of skewness form the following data.
X :
F :

1-10

11-20

15

21-30 31-40
25

10

41-50

51-60

61-70

Solution:
Marks(X)
1 10
11 20
21 30
31 40
41 50
51 60
61 70

Students (f)
5
15
25
10
6
5
4
N= 70

c.f.
5
20
45
55
61
66
70

Bowleys Coefficient of Skewness

To find Bowley's coefficient of Skewness we must follow this formula, which
depends on quartiles, therefore, we have to find first and third quartiles as well as
median of the data in the table.
The formula of first quartile is=

L1 = 11 = lower limit of class interval

c.f. = 5 = cumulative frequency preceding Q1 class interval
f = 15 = frequency against Q1 class interval
Q1 = L1 + (N/4) C.F * (L2 L1) / f
= 11 + (70/4) 5 * (20 -11)/15
= 11 + 12.5 x 9 / 15
= 11 + 7.5
= 18.5
Therefore Q1 = 18.5

-3-

Now we have to find the third quartile (Q3) and its formula is:

Q3

= L1 + 3 (N/4) C.F * (L2 L1) / f

= 31 + 3 (70/4) 45 * 40 31 / 10
= 31 + 3 (17.5 45) * 9 / 10
= 31 + 52.5 45 x 9 / 10
= 31 + 6.75
= 37.75
Therefore, Q3 = 37.75

Now we will find the Median

= 70/2
= 35th item
35th item lies in c.f. 55, so median class interval against it 31-40. So

Median

= L1 + (N/2) C.F * (L2 L1) / f

= 31 + (70/2) 45 * (40 31) / 10
= 31 + 35 45 * 9 / 10
= 31 + -10 * 9 / 10
= 31 + -9
= 22
Therefore, Median = 22

Now we need to find Bowley's Coefficient of Skewness

B.C.S

= (Q3 + Q1 2 Median) / Q3 Q1
= 37.75 + 18.5 2 x 21 / 37.75 18.5
= 56.25 42 / 19.25
= 14.25 / 19.25
= 0.74
Therefore Bowley's Coefficient of Skewness = 0.74
-4-

Q: 2). For a distribution, Bowleys Coefficient of skewness is 0.36, Q1= 8.6

and Median = 12.3. What is its quartile coefficient of dispersion?
Solution:
Bowley coefficient of skewness,
Skb

Quartile Coefficient of Dispersion

-5-

Q: 3). A sample of size 50 has mean 20 and deviation 5. The value at highest
concentration point is 16. It was later discovered that an item 12 was misread
30, find the value of coefficient of skewness.
Solution:
Given: (N = 50, x = 20, = 5, and Mode=16)
We know that:

or

Corrected

Corrected

Also

Putting the values

Squaring both sides

Value of mode will not be changed as wrong item has no impact on the value of mode.

The coefficient of Karl Pearsons Skewness is:

-6-

Q: 4). Obtain two regression equation from the following data :

X

: 25

28

35

32

31

36

29

38

34

32

: 43

46

49

41

36

32

31

30

33

39

Solution:
S. No
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
N = 10

(i)

Computing of Regression Equation

X
25
28
35
32
31
36
29
38
34
32

u=xA
Y
A= 32
43
-7
46
-4
49
3
41
0
36
-1
32
4
31
-3
30
6
33
2
39
0

v=yA
A= 38
5
8
11
3
-2
-6
-7
-8
-5
1

uv

-35
-32
33
0
2
-24
21
-48
-10
0

Regression Equation of y on x

The regression Equation of y on x is:

The required Equation is: y 38 = 0.6643 (x 32)

(ii)

Regression Equation of x on y

The regression Equation of x on y is:

The required Equation is: x 32 = 0.2337 (y 38)

-7-

u2

49
16
9
0
1
16
9
36
4
0

v2

25
64
121
9
4
36
49
64
25
1

Q: 5). The following table gives the ages of husbands and wives for 50 newly
married couples. Find the two regression equations. Estimate the age of
husband when the age of wife is 20 and the age of wife when the age of
husband is 30.
Age of husbands

Age of wives

Total

20 25 25 30 30 35

16 20

14

23

20 24

11

20

24 28

07

Total

15

25

10

50

Solution:
Step 1: Let age of Wives be denoted by X and age of Husbands by Y
Step 2: Calculation of
Computation table I showing the calculation of
Age of wives X
16 20
20 24
24 28

mx
18
22
26

dx = mx - 22
4
0
4

23
20
7
50

dx
92
0
28
= - 64

368
0
112
= 480

Computation table II showing the calculation of

Age
of
Husbands Y
20 25
25 30
30 35

my

dy = my 27.5

dy

22.5
27.5
32.5

5
0
5

15
25
10
50

75
0
50

-8-

= - 25

375
0
250
= 625

Computation table III showing the calculation of

-5
-4

180
9
0
6

0
4

180

Total

0
14
0
11
0
-

+5

Total

180

140

0
3
140
7

0
140
= 320

Alternative: one combined computation table

X

mx

Y
my

20-25
22.5
-5

25-30
27.5
0

30-35
32.5
+5

180
9
0
6

0
14
0
11
0
25

0
3
140
7
10

0
0

50
250

16-20

18

-4

20-24

22

24-28

26

15
-75
375
180

140

-92

368

180

20

28

112

140

N = 50
= - 25
=
625
320

N.B:
Step 3: Calculation of regression coefficient

-9-

23

- 64

= 480

= 320

Step 4: Calculation of Actual Mean

Step 5: Regression Lines

Regression Line of Y on X

Regression Line of X on Y

Step 6: Estimations
a) Age of Husband when age of Wife is 20

b) Age of Wife when age of Husband is 30

-10-

Assignment B (Three Analytical Questions)

Q: 1). The rank correlation coefficient between marks obtained by some
students in Statistics and Accountancy is 0.8. If the total of squares of
rank differences is 33, find the number of students.
Solution:
Given:
Now,

Comparing both sides we get:

N1=9
N = 10

Q: 2). Find 4-yearly moving averages from the following time series data
Year : 1968

1969

1970

1971

1972

1973

1974

Production 30

45

39

41

42

46

49

(000 units)
Answer:
Years
1968
1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974

Production
(1,000 Units)
30
45
39
41
42
46
49

4- year moving total

155
167
168
178
-

-11-

4- year moving
average

38.75
41.75
42
44.5
-

Q: 3). An urn contains 8 red, 3 white and 9 blue balls. If 3 balls are drawn at
random, determine the probability that (a) all 3 are red, (b) all 3 are white,
(c) 2 are red and 1 blue ball, (d) one of each colour is drawn, and (e) balls
are drawn in the order red, white and blue.
Solution:
a) P (3R) = n(R)/n(S)
P (3R) = 8/8+3+9
P (3R) = 8/20 = 2/5
P (3R) = 0.4
b) P (3W) = n(W) / n(S)
P (3W) = 3/8+3+9
P (3W) = 3/20
P (3W) = 0.15
c) P (B) = n(B) / n(S)
P (B) = 9/8+3+9
P (B) = 9/20
P (B) = 0.45
P (2R 1B) = P (R) * P (B)
P (2R 1W) = 2/5 * 9/20
P (2R 1W) = 6/100 = 0.18
d) P (1R 1W 1B) = P (R) * P (W) * P (B)
P (1R 1W 1B) = 2/5 * 3/20 * 9/20
P (1R 1W 1B) = 54/2000 = 0.027
e) P (balls are drawn in the order red, white and blue) =
= (8/20 x 7/19 x 6/18) + (3/20 x 2/19 x 1/18) + (9/20 x 8/19 x 7/18)
= 336/6840 + 6/6840 + 504/6840
= 14/285 + 1/1140 + 7/95
= 65/1140
= 0.12368

-12-

Case Study

The ranks of the same 16 students tests in Mathematics and Statistics were as
follows, the two numbers within brackets denoting the ranks of the same student in
Mathematics and Statistics respectively.
(1,1)

(2,10)

(3,3)

(4,4)

(5,5)

(6,7)

(7,2)

(8,6)

(9,8)

(10,11)

(11,15)

(12,9)

(13,14)

(14,12)

(15,16)

(16,13)

(A) Calculate the rank correlation coefficient for proficiencies of this group in
Mathematics and Statistics.
(B) What does the value of the coefficient obtained indicate?
(C) If you had found out Karl Pearsons simple coefficient of correlation between the
ranks of these 16 students, would your result have been the same as obtained in (A)
or different?
Solution: Let R1 and R2 Denote the ranks in Mathematics and Statistics respectively
A)
No of Std
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
N=16

Calculation of the rank correlation coefficient

R1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16

R2
1
10
3
4
5
7
2
6
8
11
15
9
14
12
16
13

D= R1 R2
0
-8
0
0
0
-1
5
2
1
-1
-4
3
-1
2
-1
3

-13-

D2
0
64
0
0
0
1
25
4
1
1
16
9
1
4
1
9
=136

Coefficient of rank correlation

Therefore

= 0.8

B) The value of
= 0.8 shows that there is high degree positive correlation
between the variables ranks in Mathematics and Statistics.
C) Let x and y denote the ranks in Mathematics and Statistics respectively.
No of Std
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
N=16

x
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16

y
1
10
3
4
5
7
2
6
8
11
15
9
14
12
16
13

xy
1
20
9
16
25
42
14
54
72
110
165
108
182
168
240
208

x2
1
4
9
16
25
36
49
64
81
100
121
144
169
196
225
256

y2
1
100
9
16
25
49
4
36
64
121
225
81
196
144
256
169

Karl Pearsons Coefficient of correlation

This coefficient is same as the rank correlation coefficient.

Remark; if the non-repeated ranks are given in the data, then the Karl Pearsons
coefficient of correlation and Spearmans coefficient are always equal.
-14-

Assignment C (Multiple choice Objective Questions)

Multiple Choice Questions
Q: 1). Who stated that statistics is a branch of applied mathematics which
specializes in data?
abcd-

Horace Secrist
R. A. Fisher ()
Ya-lun-chou
L. R. Connor

Q: 2). If the quartile deviation of a series is 60, the mean deviation of this series is
abcd-

72 ()
48
50
75

Q: 3). Which measure of dispersion is least affected by extreme values?

abcd-

range
mean deviation
standard deviation
quartile deviation ()

Q: 4). If the minimum value in a set is 9 and its range is 57, the maximum value of
the set is
abcd-

33
66 ()
48
none of the above

Q: 5). The range of values for the frequency distribution given in question 81 is
abcd-

2
10
8 ()
6

Q: 6). The range of the set of values, 15, 12, 27, 6, 9, 18, 21, is
abcd-

21 ()
4.5
0.64
3

-15-

Q: 7). For the data given in question 81, the coefficient of quartile deviation is
abcd-

4.385
0.228 ()
2.6
11.4

Q: 8). The coefficient of range for values given in question 86 is

abcd-

1.571
4.500
0.636 ()
0.222

Q: 9). If = 1, the angle between the two lines of regression is

abcd-

zero degree ()
ninety degree
sixty degree
thirty degree

Q: 10). To test the linearity of a regression equation, one needs

abcd-

Error S. S. other than residual S.S.

Residual S.S.
both (a) and (b) ()
neither (a) nor (b)

Q: 11). Regression coefficient is independent of the change of

abcd-

scale
origin ()
both origin and scale
neither origin nor scale

Q: 12). Let the coefficient of correlation be 0.7. then the coefficient of alienation is
abcd-

0.51
0.71 ()
0.49
none of the above

Q: 13). The number of categories in which the potential parameters of a model can
be specified are
abcd-

one
two
three
four ()

-16-

Q: 14). Cycles in a time series are regular in

abcd-

periodicity
amplitude
both (a) and (b)
neither (a) nor (b) ()

Q: 15). Moving average method of ascertaining trend is not suitable for

abcd-

finding trend values

projections ()
both (a) and (b)
neither (a) nor (b)

Q: 16). Simple average method is used to calculate

abcd-

trend values
cyclic variations
seasonal indices ()
none of these

Q: 17). In case of multiplicative model, the sum of seasonal indices is

abcd-

100 times the number of seasons ()

zero
100
any of the above

Q: 18). In ratio to trend method the median of the trend free indices for each period
represents
abcd-

the seasonal indices ()

cyclic variation
irregular variation
none of the above

Q: 19). Ratio to trend method for seasonal indices provides good results if
abcd-

the periods are of long duration

the periods are given six monthly
the periods are of short duration ()
all the above situations

Q: 20). The best method for finding out seasonal variation is

abcd-

simple average method

ratio to moving average method ()
ratio to trend method
none of the above

-17-

Q: 21). The moving averages in a time series are free from the influences of:
abcd-

seasonal and cyclic variations

seasonal and irregular variations ()
trend and cyclical variations
trend and random variations

Q: 22). Link relative in a time series remove the influence of

abcd-

the trend ()
cyclic variations
irregular variations
all the above

Q: 23). Cyclic variations are interwoven with

abcd-

trend
seasonal variations
irregular variations ()
all the above

Q: 24). Graphically cycles of a time series are identifiable through

abcd-

troughs and crests

concave and convex
cups and crests
all the above ()

Q: 25). In percentage ratio method of measuring cyclic variations one finds

abcd-

actual changes
relative changes
per cent ratio changes ()
all the above

Q: 26). A time series is affected by

abcd-

economic factors
non-economic factors
both (a) and (b) ()
neither (a) nor (b)

Q: 27). Irregular variations are

abcd-

regular
cyclic
episode ()
all the above

-18-

Q: 28). Trend cannot be

abcd-

linear
non-linear
S-shaped in a short duration ()
None of these

Q: 29). Method of least squares for determining trend is used when

abcd-

trend is known
trend is curvilinear
the value Y is not a function of time t
none of the above ()

Q: 30). If the slope of the trend line is positive, it shows

abcd-

rising trend
declining trend ()
stagnation
any of the above

Q: 31). To which component of the time series, the term recession is attached?
abcd-

trend
seasonal
cycles ()
random variation

Q: 32). The probability of all possible outcomes of a random experiment is always

equal to
abcd-

infinity
zero
one ()
none of the above

Q: 33). In tossing three coins at a time the probability of getting at most one head is
abcd-

3/8
7/8
1/2
1/8 ()

Q: 34). The probability of two persons being born on the same day (ignoring date) is
abcd-

1/49
1/365
1/7 ()
none of the above

-19-

Q: 35). Three dice are rolled simultaneously. The probability of getting 12 spots is
abcd-

1/8
25/216 ()
1/12
none of the above

Q: 36). The probability of throwing an odd sum with two fair dice is
abcd-

1/16
1
()

Q: 37). The probability that a leap year will have 53 Sunday is

abcd-

1/7
2/7 ()
2/53
52/53

Q: 38). With a pair of dice thrown at a time, the probability of getting a sum more
than that of 9 is
abcd-

5/18
7/36
5/6
none of the above ()

Q: 39). In question 73, are the events A1, A2 and A3

abcd-

Dependent
independent
mutually exclusive
none of the above ()

Q: 40). A group consists of 4 men, 3 women and 2 boys. Three persons are selected at
random. The probability that two men are selected is
abcd-

3/28
7/28
5/28
5/14 ()

-20-