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Quiz 01aae Taylorseries Answers

The document provides the full solution set to a multiple choice test involving Taylor series and Maclaurin polynomials. The summary is: 1) The document contains 6 multiple choice problems and their full solutions relating to Taylor series, Maclaurin polynomials, and approximating functions. 2) The solutions demonstrate calculating coefficients in Maclaurin polynomials, using Taylor polynomials to approximate functions, and determining the necessary order of polynomials to achieve a given error threshold. 3) Problems involve functions like sin, cos, and the error function, calculating derivatives, and applying Taylor/Maclaurin series to problems in calculus and probability.

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Yahya Isied
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384 views7 pages

Quiz 01aae Taylorseries Answers

The document provides the full solution set to a multiple choice test involving Taylor series and Maclaurin polynomials. The summary is: 1) The document contains 6 multiple choice problems and their full solutions relating to Taylor series, Maclaurin polynomials, and approximating functions. 2) The solutions demonstrate calculating coefficients in Maclaurin polynomials, using Taylor polynomials to approximate functions, and determining the necessary order of polynomials to achieve a given error threshold. 3) Problems involve functions like sin, cos, and the error function, calculating derivatives, and applying Taylor/Maclaurin series to problems in calculus and probability.

Uploaded by

Yahya Isied
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Problem Set#1

Multiple Choice Test


Chapter 01.07 Taylors Series Revisited
COMPLETE SOLUTION SET
1. The coefficient of the x 5 term in the Maclaurin polynomial for sin(2 x ) is
(A) 0
(B) 0.0083333
(C) 0.016667
(D) 0.26667
Solution
The correct answer is (D).
The Maclaurin series for sin( 2 x ) is
sin( 2 x ) = 2 x

(2 x )3 + (2 x )5

+
3!
5!
8 x 3 32 x 5
= 2x
+
+
6
120
= 2 x 1.3333 x 3 + 0.26667 x 5 +
Hence, the coefficient of the x 5 term is 0.26667.

2. Given f (3) = 6 , f (3) = 8 , f (3) = 11 , and all other higher order derivatives of f (x )
are zero at x = 3 , and assuming the function and all its derivatives exist and are
continuous between x = 3 and x = 7 , the value of f (7) is
(A) 38.000
(B) 79.500
(C) 126.00
(D) 331.50
Solution
The correct answer is (C).
The Taylor series is given by
f ( x + h ) = f ( x ) + f ( x )h +

x = 3, h = 7 3 = 4

f ( x ) 2 f ( x ) 3
h +
h +
2!
3!

f (3) 2 f (3) 3
4 +
4 +
2!
3!
f (3) 2 f (3) 3
f (7 ) = f (3) + f (3)4 +
4 +
4 +
2!
3!
Since all the derivatives higher than second are zero,
f (3) 2
f (7 ) = f (3) + f (3)4 +
4
2!
11
= 6 + 8 4 + 42
2!
= 126
f (3 + 4 ) = f (3) + f (3)4 +

3. Given that y(x ) is the solution to

dy
= y 3 + 2 , y (0) = 3 the value of y(0.2) from a
dx

second order Taylor polynomial is


(A) 4.400
(B) 8.800
(C) 24.46
(D) 29.00
Solution
The correct answer is (C).
The second order Taylor polynomial is
y ( x ) 2
y ( x + h ) = y (x ) + y ( x )h +
h
2!
x = 0 , h = 0.2 0 = 0.2
y (0 ) 2
y (0 + 0.2 ) = y (0 ) + y (0 ) 0.2 +
0 .2
2!
y(0.2) = y (0) + y (0) 0.2 + y (0) 0.02
y(0) = 3
y (x ) = y 3 + 2
y (0 ) = 33 + 2
= 29
dy
y ( x ) = 3 y 2
dx
2
= 3y y3 + 2

)
y (0 ) = 3(3) (3 + 2 )
2

= 783
y(0.2) = 3 + 29 0.2 + 783 0.02
= 24.46

4. The series

( 1)n
n =0

(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)

cos(x )
cos(2 x )
sin(x )
sin(2 x )

x 2n n
4 is a Maclaurin series for the following function
( 2n )!

Solution
The correct answer is (B).

x 2n
cos( x ) = ( 1)
(2n )!
n =0
n

2n
(
2x)
cos(2 x ) = ( 1)
(2n )!
n =0

= ( 1)

n =0

= ( 1)
n =0

2 2n x 2n
(2n )!

4 n x 2n
(2n )!

5. The function erf ( x ) =

t
e dt is called the error function. It is used in the field of
2

probability and cannot be calculated exactly. However, one can expand the integrand as
a Taylor polynomial and conduct integration. The approximate value of erf (2.0) using
the first three terms of the Taylor series around t = 0 is
(A) -0.75225
(B) 0.99532
(C) 1.5330
(D) 2.8586
Solution
The correct answer is (A).
The first three terms of the Taylor series for f (t ) =
f (t ) =

f (0) =

e t

e 0

f (t ) =

f (0 ) =

=0

f (t ) =

f (0 ) =

e t ( 2t )
2

e t ( 2(0 ))
2

e t ( 2t )( 2t ) +
2

e 0 ( 2(0 ))( 2(0 )) +


2

e t ( 2)
2

The first three terms of the Taylor series are


f ( x) 2
f ( x + h) = f ( x) + f ( x) h +
h
2!
f (0) 2
f (0 + h) = f (0) + f (0)h +
h
2!
f (0) 2
f ( h) = f (0) + f (0)h +
h
2!

e 0 ( 2 )
2

e t around t = 0 are

+ 0(h)

4 h2
2!

4 h2
=

2!
2
2 2
=

Hence
x

2
2 2
erf ( x ) =
t dt

0
x

2
2 t3
t
=

3 0

2
2 x3
x
=

erf (2) =

(2)

= 0.75225

2 23
3

Note: Compare with the exact value of erf (2)

6. Using the remainder of Maclaurin polynomial of n th order for f (x ) defined as

x n +1
Rn ( x ) =
f (n +1) (c ), n 0, 0 c x
(n + 1)!
the order of the Maclaurin polynomial at least required to get an absolute true error of at
most 10 6 in the calculation of sin(0.1) is (do not use the exact value of sin(0.1) or
cos(0.1) to find the answer, but the knowledge that |sin( x )| 1 and | cos( x ) | 1 ).
(A) 3
(B) 5
(C) 7
(D) 9
Solution
The correct answer is (B).
x n +1
Rn ( x ) =
f (n +1) (c ) , n 0 , 0 c x
(n + 1)!
n +1
(
0.1)
Rn (0.1) =

f (n +1) (c ), n 0, 0 c 0.1

(n + 1)!
Since derivatives of f ( x ) are simply sin( x ) and cos( x ) , and

sin ( x ) 1 and cos( x ) 1

(c ) 1
(0.1)n+1 (1)
Rn (0.1)
f

( n +1)

(n + 1)!

(0.1)n+1
(n + 1)!

So when is
Rn (0.1) < 10 6

(0.1)n+1

< 10 6
(n + 1)!
n4
But since the Maclaurin series for sin( x ) only includes odd terms, n 5 .

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