Tagore 1
Tagore 1
Tagore 1
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What do you mean by 'Thought', my dear.
What do you mean by 'Pain' either.
What is that you yell 'Love' for,
What the word 'Love' means,
Is it saturated with pain?
Is that synonymous with tears or sigh of sufferings?
Your hearts will be happy hearing the happy songs sung by my happy heart
Everyday you cry, for once come and laugh
Come for a day without sorrow and we will sing
Why to worry
Friend, why will we suffer
You all sing ballads of love day and night
Friend, what do you call love
It is not always painful...
A-translation-and-interpre-by-Monish-Chatterjee-120706-93
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Headlined to H4 7/8/12
[During his illustrious lifetime, Rabindranath Tagore traveled extensively around the world,
generating inspiration and veneration in most destinations as the emissary of the East and of a
deeply futuristic universalist philosophy. An assessment of the intellectuals and cultural icons of
the world that Tagore encountered, interacted with, and influenced, is both astonishing and
indeed still waiting to be adequately evaluated. His exchanges with Einstein, Wells, Rolland,
Gide, Freud, Durant, Yeats, Rothenstein, Andrews, Noguchi, Gandhi, Radhakrishnan, Nehru,
Bose and numerous others are well documented.
Tagore's literary works and public life centered around rejoicing in, and celebrating everything
unique and artistic in human culture. In the grandest sense, he did not see one culture (East,
West, Middle-East, or Latin America) as necessarily inferior or lesser than another. He was
endlessly fascinated by all lofty pursuits of the human mind, no matter their points of origin. As
much as he participated in India's freedom movement against British imperial rule, and served as
the nation's greatest inspirational voice through his lectures, teachings, literary works, and of
course, his greatest forte, poetry and musical compositions, Tagore empathized as well as
identified with the cause of freedom and the struggle against oppression and violence
everywhere in the world. In Iran, where he was received and feted by the Shah, he spoke in
highly reverential terms about the works of Hafiz (see URL:
http://www.ibna.ir/vdccexqsp2bqsx8.-ya2.html ), Omar Khayyam and other Persian poets and
philosophers. In Turkey, he developed special bonds with Kemal Ataturk and expressed
favorable views of the latter's efforts at forging a secular republic in the Muslim world. I have
read that Ataturk sent Tagore an entire collection of books (probably of Turkish origin) for the
library at Tagore's newly-founded Visva Bharati University in Bengal (see, for instance, URL:
http://www.hindu.com/2003/09/19/stories/2003091903841100.htm ).
3
So great was Tagore's influence upon the literary and even political firmament during his
lifetime, that more than once regimes with dictatorial leanings attempted to woo the great
Eastern ambassador in the hopes of receiving positive endorsements from him. The list of such
questionable world leaders included Mussolini (whose efforts did not succeed; see the essay,
URL: http://www.parabaas.com/rabindranath/articles/pKalyan.html ) and Stalin. Tagore visited
Russia during the early years of the Stalinist regime. Given Tagore's natural leanings towards
national upliftment from the grassroots, and the need to address poverty, hunger, illiteracy and
mortality among the poor in the world, he was initially much impressed by what he perceived
and witnessed as efforts to create an egalitarian society that was based on sharing, equity,
society's obligation towards the downtrodden, and a national culture devoid of pomp and muscleflexing. His early Russian tour resulted in the relatively favorable Letters from Russia.
Doubtless, the Stalinist purges, the Gulag and associated repressions would greatly disappoint
Tagore later on. As for the United States, which Tagore visited at least four times, it is safe to
say that he was consistently unimpressed by its cultural life, and much less its history of slavery,
racism and propensity towards self-promotion. He found America's crass commercialism
distasteful (and in this regard, Tagore merely reflected what Henry David Thoreau had felt and
expressed many decades earlier), and once wrote that "America is mad about sex." I am
tempted to think that Tagore had not seen the worst.
In the Americas, Tagore left a far stronger and more favorable legacy in the Southern continentspecifically Argentina (where his admirers included Victoria Ocampo), Chile (where a young
Pablo Neruda was notably influenced by Tagore's romantic poetry), Brazil (where the poet
Cecilia Meireles translated Tagore's works into Portuguese) and elsewhere.
In the context of Indian history itself, Tagore identified with the struggles and heroic actions of
people from different regions of India. Of particular note is his magnificent poem (Bandi BirThe Valiant Prisoner, 1899. See URL: http://sikhinstitute.org/jan_2009/2-poem.htm ) about
the sacrifice of the Sikh hero, Banda Singh Bahadur, whose body was ripped apart live using redhot tongs by imperial orders, even after the valiant fighter had been forced to plunge a knife into
his own young son's chest while uttering Hail to Guruji! during the Sikh resistance against
Mughal incursions into their dominion. This poem, I have found, is recounted by Sikhs to this
day, including in special mentions online at websites dedicated to Sikh history. Thus, as with
the poem dedicated to the great Maratha hero, Shivaji (Shivaji Utsab- Celebrating Shivaji, 1904.
See URL: http://shivajiutsav.blogspot.com/2007/05/shivaji-utsav-rabindranath-tagore.html ),
the Bard of Bengal extended hands of timeless friendship with virtually all regions of India. His
travelogues and commentaries of cultural celebration included Travels in Persia, Travels in
Japan, and of course Letters from Russia, as mentioned. It therefore should come as no surprise
that Tagore would also hold out sympathy and a deeper understanding of Africa- one of the most
exploited continents in the world. His poem dedicated to Africa captures the plight and anguish
of that continent rather well.
I present below Rabindranath Tagore's seminal poem on Africa, and append my commentary on
the cultural and poetic significance of different sections of the poem, and its strident
condemnation of colonialism, imperial brutality and racism- here applied to the ravaging of
Africa by imperial Europe, but applicable universally. Monish Chatterjee ]
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