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    Lecture Time Domain Analysis of 2nd Order Systems

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    FahadKh
    This document discusses time domain analysis of second-order systems. It begins by stating that compared to first-order systems, second-order systems can exhibit a wider range of responses depending on their parameter values. A general second-order transfer function is presented involving natural frequency (ωn), damping ratio (ζ). Based on the value of ζ, a second-order system can be classified as overdamped, underdamped, undamped, or critically damped. Examples are given to determine ωn and ζ for different second-order systems. The document provides an introduction to analyzing the time domain behavior of second-order systems.

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    Lecture Time Domain Analysis of 2nd Order Systems

    Uploaded by

    FahadKh
    144 views12 pages
    This document discusses time domain analysis of second-order systems. It begins by stating that compared to first-order systems, second-order systems can exhibit a wider range of responses depending on their parameter values. A general second-order transfer function is presented involving natural frequency (ωn), damping ratio (ζ). Based on the value of ζ, a second-order system can be classified as overdamped, underdamped, undamped, or critically damped. Examples are given to determine ωn and ζ for different second-order systems. The document provides an introduction to analyzing the time domain behavior of second-order systems.

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    Lecture Time Domain Analysis of 2nd Order Systems

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    This document discusses time domain analysis of second-order systems. It begins by stating that compared to first-order systems, second-order systems can exhibit a wider range of responses depending on their parameter values. A general second-order transfer function is presented involving natural frequency (ωn), damping ratio (ζ). Based on the value of ζ, a second-order system can be classified as overdamped, underdamped, undamped, or critically damped. Examples are given to determine ωn and ζ for different second-order systems. The document provides an introduction to analyzing the time domain behavior of second-order systems.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    144 views12 pages

    Lecture Time Domain Analysis of 2nd Order Systems

    Uploaded by

    FahadKh
    This document discusses time domain analysis of second-order systems. It begins by stating that compared to first-order systems, second-order systems can exhibit a wider range of responses depending on their parameter values. A general second-order transfer function is presented involving natural frequency (ωn), damping ratio (ζ). Based on the value of ζ, a second-order system can be classified as overdamped, underdamped, undamped, or critically damped. Examples are given to determine ωn and ζ for different second-order systems. The document provides an introduction to analyzing the time domain behavior of second-order systems.

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    Control Systems (CS)

    Lecture
    Time Domain Analysis of 2nd Order Systems
    Engr. Mehr Gul
    Lecturer Electrical Engineering Deptt.

    Introduction
    We have already discussed the affect of location of poles and zeros
    on the transient response of 1st order systems.
    Compared to the simplicity of a first-order system, a second-order
    system exhibits a wide range of responses that must be analyzed
    and described.
    Varying a first-order system's parameter (T, K) simply changes the
    speed and offset of the response
    Whereas, changes in the parameters of a second-order system can
    change the form of the response.

    A second-order system can display characteristics much like a firstorder system or, depending on component values, display damped
    or pure oscillations for its transient response.

    Introduction
    A general second-order system is characterized by
    the following transfer function.

    n2
    C( s )
    2
    R( s ) s 2 n s n2

    Introduction
    n2
    C( s )
    2
    R( s ) s 2 n s n2
    n

    un-damped natural frequency of the second order system,


    which is the frequency of oscillation of the system without
    damping.
    damping ratio of the second order system, which is a measure
    of the degree of resistance to change in the system output.

    Example#1
    Determine the un-damped natural frequency and damping ratio
    of the following second order system.
    C( s )
    4
    2
    R( s ) s 2s 4

    Compare the numerator and denominator of the given transfer


    function with the general 2nd order transfer function.

    n2
    C( s )
    2
    R( s ) s 2 n s n2

    n2 4

    n 2 rad / sec

    s 2 2 n s n2 s 2 2s 4

    2 n s 2s
    n 1
    0.5

    Introduction
    n2
    C( s )
    2
    R( s ) s 2 n s n2
    Two poles of the system are

    n n 2 1
    n n 2 1

    Introduction
    n n 2 1
    n n 2 1
    According the value of
    one of the four categories:

    , a second-order system can be set into

    1. Overdamped - when the system has two real distinct poles ( >1).
    j

    -c

    -b

    -a

    Introduction
    n n 2 1
    n n 2 1
    According the value of
    one of the four categories:

    , a second-order system can be set into

    2. Underdamped - when the system has two complex conjugate poles (0 < <1)
    j

    -c

    -b

    -a

    Introduction
    n n 2 1
    n n 2 1
    According the value of
    one of the four categories:

    , a second-order system can be set into

    3. Undamped - when the system has two imaginary poles (

    -c

    -b

    -a

    = 0).

    Introduction
    n n 2 1
    n n 2 1
    According the value of
    one of the four categories:

    , a second-order system can be set into

    4. Critically damped - when the system has two real but equal poles ( = 1).
    j

    -c

    -b

    -a

    Second Order System


    Example : Determine the un-damped natural frequency and damping
    ratio of the following second-order system.

    9
    1. G( s) 2
    s 3s 9
    16
    2. G( s) 2
    s 8s 16

    Solve them as your own


    revision

    11

    END....

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