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    What Causes Chickenpox

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    Ella R. Putra
    The varicella-zoster virus causes chickenpox, which is highly contagious and spreads through contact with infected individuals or surfaces up until the blisters have crusted over. Symptoms may include fever, sore throat, cough, and a rash of fluid-filled blisters over the body. Most cases are diagnosed based on physical exam, but lab tests can confirm if needed. The chickenpox vaccine prevents infection in 90% of children who receive it, with doses at 12-15 months and 4-6 years old. Unvaccinated individuals can try limiting contact with infected people to avoid exposure.

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    What Causes Chickenpox

    Uploaded by

    Ella R. Putra
    47 views5 pages
    The varicella-zoster virus causes chickenpox, which is highly contagious and spreads through contact with infected individuals or surfaces up until the blisters have crusted over. Symptoms may include fever, sore throat, cough, and a rash of fluid-filled blisters over the body. Most cases are diagnosed based on physical exam, but lab tests can confirm if needed. The chickenpox vaccine prevents infection in 90% of children who receive it, with doses at 12-15 months and 4-6 years old. Unvaccinated individuals can try limiting contact with infected people to avoid exposure.

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    The varicella-zoster virus causes chickenpox, which is highly contagious and spreads through contact with infected individuals or surfaces up until the blisters have crusted over. Symptoms may include fever, sore throat, cough, and a rash of fluid-filled blisters over the body. Most cases are diagnosed based on physical exam, but lab tests can confirm if needed. The chickenpox vaccine prevents infection in 90% of children who receive it, with doses at 12-15 months and 4-6 years old. Unvaccinated individuals can try limiting contact with infected people to avoid exposure.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    47 views5 pages

    What Causes Chickenpox

    Uploaded by

    Ella R. Putra
    The varicella-zoster virus causes chickenpox, which is highly contagious and spreads through contact with infected individuals or surfaces up until the blisters have crusted over. Symptoms may include fever, sore throat, cough, and a rash of fluid-filled blisters over the body. Most cases are diagnosed based on physical exam, but lab tests can confirm if needed. The chickenpox vaccine prevents infection in 90% of children who receive it, with doses at 12-15 months and 4-6 years old. Unvaccinated individuals can try limiting contact with infected people to avoid exposure.

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    of 5

    What Causes Chickenpox?

    The varicella-zoster virus causes chickenpox. Most cases occur


    through contact with an infected person. The virus may be
    contagious several days before blisters appear, and it remains
    contagious until all blisters have crusted over. It is spread through
    saliva, coughing, sneezing, and contact with blisters.

    When to See the Doctor


    Clusters of red, fluid-filled blisters appearing all over the body are a
    sign the illness is chickenpox, rather than another type of virus. Any
    of the following symptoms may appear before, or during, the
    outbreak of blisters:

    fever
    sore throat
    stomachache
    headache
    cough
    Seek medical care any time you develop an unexplained rash,
    especially if it is accompanied by cold symptoms or fever. You could
    be affected by one of several viruses or infections. Tell your doctor
    right away if you are exposed to chickenpox while pregnant.
    Many cases of chickenpox are diagnosed based on physical exam of
    blisters on your (or your childs) body. If a diagnosis cant be made,
    lab tests will confirm the cause of the blisters.

    Prevention
    The chickenpox vaccine prevents chickenpox in 90 percent of
    children who receive it. The shot should be given when your child is
    between 12 and 15 months of age. A booster is given between 4
    and 6 years of age. Older children and adults who have not been
    vaccinated or exposed may receive catch-up doses of the vaccine.
    As chickenpox tends to be more severe in older patients, parents
    who did not previously vaccinate may opt to have the shots given
    later.
    Unvaccinated individuals can try to avoid the virus by limiting
    contact with infected people. This can be difficult, as chickenpox
    cant be identified by blisters until it has been contagious for days

    Prevention pertussis
    The mainstay of prevention lies in the immunization program. In the United States,inoculations begin at
    two months of age. The pertussis vaccine, most often given as one immunization together
    with diphtheria and tetanus (called DTP), has greatly reduced the incidence of whooping cough. With
    one shot backed with a 70% immunization rate, two shots increase it to 7580%, and three to only 85%, it
    is not a guarantee.
    A new formulation of the pertussis vaccine is available. Unlike DTP, which is composed of dead bacterial
    cells, the newer acellular pertussis vaccine is made up of two to five chemical components of the B.
    pertussis bacteria. The acellular pertussis vaccine (called DTaP; when combined with diphtheria and
    tetanus vaccines) greatly reduces the risk of unpleasant reactions, including high fever and discomfort
    at the injection site.
    Because adults are the primary source of infection for children, there has been some talk in the medical
    community about vaccinating or giving booster vaccinations to adults. A recent increase of pertussis
    cases among adults in France has led several French medical schools to recommend booster doses of
    vaccine for adults

    What Are the Symptoms of Measles?

    Symptoms of measles generally appear within 14 days of exposure


    to the virus. Symptoms include:
    cough
    fever
    red eyes
    light sensitivity
    muscle aches
    runny nose
    sore throat
    white spots inside the mouth
    A widespread skin rash is a classic sign of measles. This rash can
    last up to seven days and generally appears within the first three to
    five days of exposure to the virus. A measles rash commonly
    develops at the head and slowly spreads to other parts of the body.
    Signs of a measles rash include red, itchy bumps.

    How to Prevent Measles


    Immunizations can help prevent a measles outbreak. The MMR
    vaccine is a three-in-onevaccination that can protect you and your
    children from the measles, mumps, and rubella. Children can receive
    their first MMR vaccination at 12 months (or sooner if traveling
    internationally), and their second dose between the ages of 4 and 6.
    Adults who have never received an immunization can request the
    vaccine from their doctor.
    If you or a family member contracts the measles virus, limit
    interaction with others. This includes staying home from school or
    work and avoiding social activities.

    Mumps is caused by a virus that is passed from one person to another


    through saliva, nasal secretions, and close personal contact.
    The condition primarily affects the parotid glands. Parotid glands
    also called salivary glandsare the organs responsible for producing

    saliva. There are three sets of salivary glands on each side of your
    face, located behind and below your ears. The hallmark symptom of
    mumps is swelling of the salivary glands.
    Read more

    Symptoms of Mumps
    Symptoms of mumps usually appear within two weeks of exposure
    to the virus. Flu-like symptoms may be the first to appear, including:
    fatigue
    body aches
    headache
    loss of appetite
    low-grade fever
    A high fever (up to 103 F) and swelling of the salivary glands follow
    over the next few days. The glands may not all swell at once. More
    commonly, they swell and become painful periodically. You are most
    contagious from the time you are exposed to the mumps virus until
    your parotid glands swell.
    Most people who contract mumps show symptoms of the virus.
    However, according to the Centers for Disease Control and
    Prevention (CDC), only 30 to 40 percent of mumps patients have
    swollen glands. Up to 20 percent of patients are completely
    asymptomatic (CDC).

    Preventing Mumps
    Mumps can be prevented through vaccination. Most infants and
    children receive a vaccine for measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR)
    at the same time. The first MMR shot is generally given between the
    ages of 12 and 15 months at a routine well-child visit. A second
    vaccination is required for school-aged children between 4 and 6
    years old.
    Adults who were born before 1957 and have not yet contracted
    mumps may wish to be vaccinated. Those who work in a high-risk

    environment, such as a hospital or school, should always be


    vaccinated against mumps.
    However, patients who have a compromised immune system, who
    are allergic to gelatin or neomycin, or who are pregnant, should not
    receive the MMR vaccine.
    Consult your family doctor about an immunization schedule for you
    and your children.

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