Sequences PDF
Sequences PDF
Sequences PDF
Geometric Sequence.
MARIATHY KARIM
UiTM SARAWAK (SAMARAHAN)
FSKM(MATHEMATICS)
Arithmetic Sequence
Definition
Common Difference
Tn = a + (n 1)d
Sn
n
2a (n 1)d
2
Solutions:
a) d = T2 T1 = 4 2 = 2
d = T3 T2 = 6 4 = 2
b) d = T2 T1 = 3 5 = -2
d = T3 T2 = 1 3 = -2
c) d = T2 T1 = 3/2 = 1
d = T3 T2 = 5/2 3/2 = 1
formula.
Tn = a + (n 1)d
Example:
1. Find the tenth term of the following sequence.
5, 10, 15, 20, 25,.
solution:
a = 5 & d = 10 5 = 5
Tn = a + (n 1)d
T10 = 5 + (10 1)5
= 5 + (9)5
= 5 + 45
= 50
2. Find the:
a) common difference, d
b) the 11th term of the arithmetic sequence
3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18
Solution:
a) d = T2-T1 = 6 3 = 3
b) T11
= a + (n-1)d
= 3 + (11-1)(3)
= 33
T7 a 6d 49 1
T1 6 a (16 1) d 112
T1 6 a 15d 112 2
( 2) (1) : 9d 63
63
9
d 7
d
ii)
3.
4.
5.
Sn
n
2a (n 1)d
2
Example:
1. Find the sum of the first fifth teen terms for the given
sequence.
21, 19, 17, 15,5
solution:
a = 21 , d = -2 & S15 = ?
Sn
S15
Sn
S21
57 + 6n 6 = 177
6n = 177 57 + 6
n = 126 6
n = 21
n
2a (n 1)d
2
n
2a (n 1)d
2
Now, we know that n = 21, so we could determine the S21 using the
sum formula.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Geometric Sequence
Definition
Common Ratio
Sn
a(1 r n )
;r 1
1 r
Sn
a(r n 1)
;r 1
r 1
sequence.
Example:
1.
State whether the sequences below are geometric
sequence or not
a) 15, 45, 135, 405, 1215,
b) 4, 16, 64, 256, 1024,
Solution:
a) r = T2 T1 = 45 15 = 3
r = T3 T4 = 135 45 = 3
b)
Tn = arn-1
Example:
1. Find the 10th term of the sequence: -1, 2, -4, 8, .
solution:
a = -1 , r = -2 &
Tn = arn-1
T10 = (-1)(-2)10-1
= (-1)(-2)9
= (-1)(-512)
= 512
21
T4 2
ar 3 2
ar 3
2
ar 18
1
r2
9
r
r = T2 T1 = 16 4 = 4
r = T3 T4 = 64 4 = 4
n9
1
1
9
3
ratio.
1.
Solution:
a = 8 , r = -3 (is < 1) & S8 = ?
Sn
a(1 r )
;r 1
1 r
n
S8 = 8(1 (3) 8 )
1 (3)
= 13120
Sn
Sn
a(r n 1)
;r 1
r 1
2.
a(1 r n )
;r 1
1 r
Tutorial 1
Quiz 1