Case 4

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PALOMA vs.

MORA
G.R. No. 157783
470 SCRA 711

September 23, 2005

CHICO-NAZARIO, J.:
Facts:
Petitioner was terminated from his appointment as General
Manager of the Palompon, Leyte Water District. By reason thereof,
petitioner filed a petition for mandamus with prayer to be restored to
his former position and for preliminary injunction with damages
before the RTC. Unable to obtain a favorable ruling with the RTC,
petitioner filed a complaint with the Civil Service Commission for
alleged Violation of Civil Service Law and Rules and for Illegal
Dismissal. The CSC, however, dismissed the petition for lack of merit,
which was likewise affirmed by the Court of Appeals.
Issues:
I. Whether or not mandamus will lie to compel the Board of
Directors of Palompon, Leyte Water District to reinstate the General
Manager thereof
II. Whether or not the Civil Service Commission has primary
jurisdiction over the case for illegal dismissal of petitioner
Held:
I. No. Mandamus does not lie to compel the Board of Directors
of the Palompon, Leyte Water District to reinstate petitioner because
the Board has the discretionary power to remove him under Section
23 of P.D. No. 198, as amended by P.D. No. 768.
Moreover, Section 3, Rule 65 of the Rules of Court provides:
Sec. 3. Petition for mandamus. ' When any tribunal,
corporation, board, officer or person unlawfully neglects the
performance of an act which the law specifically enjoins as a duty
resulting from an office, trust, or station, or unlawfully excludes
another from the use and enjoyment of a right or office to which
such other is entitled, and there is no other plain, speedy and
adequate remedy in the ordinary course of law, the person
aggrieved thereby may file a verified petition in the proper court,
alleging the facts with certainty and praying that judgment be
rendered commanding the respondent, immediately or at some
other time to be specified by the court, to do the act required to be
done to protect the rights of the petitioner and to pay the damages
sustained by the petitioner by reason of the wrongful acts of the
respondent.
Mandamus lies to compel the performance, when refused, of a
ministerial duty, but not to compel the performance of a discretionary
duty. Mandamus will not issue to control or review the exercise of
discretion of a public officer where the law imposes upon said public
officer the right and duty to exercise his judgment in reference to any
matter in which he is required to act. It is his judgment that is to be
exercised and not that of the court.

II. Yes. As a general rule, no officer or employee of the civil


service shall be removed or suspended except for cause provided by
law as provided in Section 2(3), Article IX-B of the 1987 Constitution.
As exception to this, P.D. No. 198, a special enabling charter of Local
Water Districts, categorically provides that the General Manager shall
serve 'at the pleasure of the board.
Water districts are government instrumentalities and their
employees belong to the civil service. Thus, the hiring and firing of
employees of government-owned or controlled corporations are
governed by the Civil Service Law and Civil Service Rules and
Regulations.
In cases where the doctrine of primary jurisdiction is clearly
applicable, the court cannot arrogate unto itself the authority to
resolve a controversy, the jurisdiction over which is initially lodged
with an administrative body of special competence. Quasi-judicial
bodies like the CSC are better-equipped in handling cases involving
the employment status of employees as those in the Civil Service since
it is within the field of their expertise. This is consistent with the
powers and functions of the CSC, being the central personnel agency
of the Government, to carry into effect the provisions of the Civil
Service Law and other pertinent laws, including, in this case, P.D. No.
198.

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