a

FEATURES
Enhanced Replacements for LF412 and TL082
AC PERFORMANCE
Settles to 60.01% in 1.0 ms
16 V/ms min Slew Rate (AD712J)
3 MHz min Unity Gain Bandwidth (AD712J)
DC PERFORMANCE
0.30 mV max Offset Voltage: (AD712C)
5 mV/8C max Drift: (AD712C)
200 V/mV min Open-Loop Gain (AD712K)
4 mV p-p max Noise, 0.1 Hz to 10 Hz (AD712C)
Surface Mount Available in Tape and Reel in Accordance with EIA-481A Standard
MIL-STD-883B Parts Available
Single Version Available: AD711
Quad Version: AD713
Available in Plastic Mini-DIP, Plastic SOIC, Hermetic
Cerdip, Hermetic Metal Can Packages and Chip Form

Dual Precision, Low Cost,

High Speed, BiFET Op Amp
AD712
CONNECTION DIAGRAMS
TO-99
(H) Package
AMPLIFIER NO. 1

+VS

AMPLIFIER NO. 2

OUTPUT

OUTPUT

INVERTING
OUTPUT
NONINVERTING
OUTPUT

INVERTING
INPUT

AD712

NONINVERTING
INPUT

VS

Plastic Mini-DIP (N) Package

SOIC (R) Package and Cerdip (Q) Package
AMPLIFIER NO. 1

AMPLIFIER NO. 2

OUTPUT 1

V+

INVERTING 2
OUTPUT

OUTPUT

NONINVERTING 3
OUTPUT

V 4

AD712

INVERTING
INPUT
NONINVERTING
5
INPUT

PRODUCT DESCRIPTION

The AD712 is a high speed, precision monolithic operational

amplifier offering high performance at very modest prices. Its
very low offset voltage and offset voltage drift are the results of
advanced laser wafer trimming technology. These performance
benefits allow the user to easily upgrade existing designs that use
older precision BiFETs and, in many cases, bipolar op amps.
The superior ac and dc performance of this op amp makes it
suitable for active filter applications. With a slew rate of 16 V/s
and a settling time of 1 s to 0.01%, the AD712 is ideal as a
buffer for 12-bit D/A and A/D Converters and as a high-speed
integrator. The settling time is unmatched by any similar IC
amplifier.
The combination of excellent noise performance and low input
current also make the AD712 useful for photo diode preamps.
Common-mode rejection of 88 dB and open loop gain of
400 V/mV ensure 12-bit performance even in high-speed unity
gain buffer circuits.
The AD712 is pinned out in a standard op amp configuration
and is available in seven performance grades. The AD712J and
AD712K are rated over the commercial temperature range of
0C to +70C. The AD712A, AD712B and AD712C are rated
over the industrial temperature range of 40C to +85C. The
AD712S and AD712T are rated over the military temperature
range of 55C to +125C and are available processed to MILSTD-883-B, Rev. C.
Extended reliability PLUS screening is available, specified over
the commercial and industrial temperature ranges. PLUS

screening includes 168-hour burn-in, as well as other environmental and physical tests.
The AD712 is available in an 8-lead plastic mini-DIP, SOIC,
cerdip, TO-99 metal can, or in chip form.
PRODUCT HIGHLIGHTS

1. The AD712 offers excellent overall performance at very

competitive prices.
2. Analog Devices advanced processing technology and with
100% testing guarantees a low input offset voltage (0.3 mV
max, C grade, 3 mV max, J grade). Input offset voltage is
specified in the warmed-up condition. Analog Devices laser
wafer drift trimming process reduces input offset voltage
drifts to 5 V/C max on the AD712C.
3. Along with precision dc performance, the AD712 offers
excellent dynamic response. It settles to 0.01% in 1 s and
has a minimum slew rate of 16 V/s. Thus this device is ideal
for applications such as DAC and ADC buffers which require a combination of superior ac and dc performance.
4. The AD712 has a guaranteed and tested maximum voltage
noise of 4 V p-p, 0.1 Hz to 10 Hz (AD712C).
5. Analog Devices well-matched, ion-implanted JFETs ensure
a guaranteed input bias current (at either input) of 50 pA
max (AD712C) and an input offset current of 10 pA max
(AD712C). Both input bias current and input offset current
are guaranteed in the warmed-up condition.

REV. B
Information furnished by Analog Devices is believed to be accurate and
reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Analog Devices for its
use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties
which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or
otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Analog Devices.

One Technology Way, P.O. Box 9106, Norwood, MA 02062-9106, U.S.A.

Tel: 781/329-4700
World Wide Web Site: http://www.analog.com
Fax: 781/326-8703
Analog Devices, Inc., 1998

AD712SPECIFICATIONS (V = 615 V @ T = +258C unless otherwise noted)

S

Parameter

Min

INPUT OFFSET VOLTAGE1

Initial Offset
TMIN to TMAX
vs. Temp
vs. Supply
76
TMIN to TMAX
76/76/76
Long-Term Offset Stability
INPUT BIAS CURRENT2
VCM = 0 V
VCM = 0 V @ TMAX
VCM = 10 V
INPUT OFFSET CURRENT
VCM = 0 V
VCM = 0 V @ TMAX

AD712J/A/S
Typ
0.3
7
95

1.0/0.7/0.7
2.0/1.5/1.5
10

AD712C
Typ
0.1

86
86

15

3
110

Max

Units

0.3
0.6
5

mV
mV
V/C
dB
dB
V/Month

15
75
1.7/4.8/77
100

20
1.3

50
3.2
75

pA
nA
pA

10
0.3/0.7/11

25
0.6/1.6/26

5
0.1/0.3/5

25
0.6/1.6/26

5
0.3

10
0.7

pA
nA

0.3
0.6
5
10
120
90

mV
mV
V/C
pA
dB
dB

4.0
200
20
1.0
0.0003

MHz
kHz
V/s
s
%

3/1/1
4/2/2
20/20/20
25

1.0/0.7/0.7
2.0/1.5/1.5
10
25
120
90
3.4

4.0
200
20
1.0
0.0003

18
1.2

3.4
18
1.2

1.2

3 1012i5.5
3 1012i5.5

3 1012i5.5
3 1012i5.5

3 1012i5.5
3 1012i5.5

ipF
ipF

20
+14.5, 11.5

20
+14.5, 11.5

20
+14.5, 11.5

VS + 4

76
76/76/76
70
70/70/70

7
100

80
80

Min

20
0.5/1.3/20

4.0
200
20
1.0
0.0003

INPUT VOLTAGE RANGE

Differential3
Common-Mode Voltage4
TMIN to TMAX
Common-Mode
Rejection Ratio
VCM = 10 V
TMIN to TMAX
VCM = 11 V
TMIN to TMAX

0.2

Max

75
1.7/4.8/77
100

FREQUENCY RESPONSE
Small Signal Bandwidth
Full Power Response
Slew Rate
Settling Time to 0.01%
Total Harmonic Distortion
INPUT IMPEDANCE
Differential
Common Mode

3/1/1
4/2/2
20/20/20

AD712K/B/T
Typ

25
0.6/1.6/26

120
90

16

Min

15

MATCHING CHARACTERISTICS
Input Offset Voltage
TMIN to TMAX
Input Offset Voltage Drift
Input Bias Current
Crosstalk @ f = 1 kHz
@ f = 100 kHz
3.0

Max

+VS 2

88
84
84
80

VS + 4

80
80
76
74

+VS 2

88
84
84
80

VS + 4

86
86
76
74

+VS 2 V

94
90
90
84

dB
dB
dB
dB

INPUT VOLTAGE NOISE

2
45
22
18
16

2
45
22
18
16

2
45
22
18
16

V p-p
nV/Hz
nV/Hz
nV/Hz
nV/Hz

INPUT CURRENT NOISE

0.01

0.01

0.01

pA/Hz

400

V/mV
V/mV

OPEN-LOOP GAIN

150
400
100/100/100

200
100

OUTPUT CHARACTERISTICS
Voltage
+13, 12.5
+13.9, 13.3
12/ 12/612 +13.8, 13.1
Current
25
POWER SUPPLY
Rated Performance
Operating Range
Quiescent Current

64.5

15
5.0

400

200
100

+13, 12.5 +13.9, 13.3

612
+13.8, 13.1
25

618
6.8

64.5

15
5.0

+13, 12.5 +13.9, 13.3

612
+13.8, 13.1
25

618
6.0

64.5

15
5.0

V
V
mA

618
5.6

V
V
mA

NOTES
1
Input Offset Voltage specifications are guaranteed after 5 minutes of operation at T A = +25C.
2
Bias Current specifications are guaranteed maximum at either input after 5 minutes of operation at T A = +25C. For higher temperatures, the current doubles every 10C.
3
Defined as voltage between inputs, such that neither exceeds 10 V from ground.
4
Typically exceeding 14.1 V negative common-mode voltage on either input results in an output phase reversal.
Specifications in boldface are tested on all production units at final electrical test. Results from those tests are used to calculate outgoing quality levels. All min and max
specifications are guaranteed, although only those shown in boldface are tested on all production units.
Specifications subject to change without notice.

REV. B

AD712
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS 1

Supply Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 V
Internal Power Dissipation2
Input Voltage3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 V
Output Short Circuit Duration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Indefinite
Differential Input Voltage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . +VS and VS
Storage Temperature Range (Q, H) . . . . . . . 65C to +150C
Storage Temperature Range (N, R) . . . . . . . . 65C to +125C
Operating Temperature Range
AD712J/K . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0C to +70C
AD712A/B/C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40C to +85C
AD712S/T . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55C to +125C
Lead Temperature Range (Soldering 60 sec) . . . . . . . . +300C
NOTES
1
Stresses above those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only; functional operation of the
device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the operational
section of this specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating
conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
2
Thermal Characteristics:
8-Lead Plastic Package:
JA = 165C/Watt
8-Lead Cerdip Package:
JC = 22C/Watt; JA = 110C/Watt
8-Lead Metal Can Package: JC = 65C/Watt; JA = 150C/Watt
8-Lead SOIC Package:
JA = 100C
3
For supply voltages less than 18 V, the absolute maximum input voltage is equal
to the supply voltage.

ORDERING GUIDE
Model

Temperature
Range

Package
Description

AD712ACHIPS
AD712AH
AD712AQ
AD712BH
AD712BQ
AD712CH
AD712CN
AD712JN
AD712JR
AD712JR-REEL
AD712JR-REEL7
AD712KN
AD712KR
AD712KR-REEL
AD712KR-REEL7
AD712SCHIPS
AD712SQ
AD712SQ/883B
AD712TQ
AD712TQ/883B

40C to +85C
40C to +85C
40C to +85C
40C to +85C
40C to +85C
40C to +85C
40C to +85C
0C to +70C
0C to +70C
0C to +70C
0C to +70C
0C to +70C
0C to +70C
0C to +70C
0C to +70C
55C to +125C
55C to +125C
55C to +125C
55C to +125C
55C to +125C

Bare Die
8-Lead Metal Can
8-Lead Ceramic DIP
8-Lead Metal Can
8-Lead Ceramic DIP
8-Lead Metal Can
8-Lead Plastic DIP
8-Lead Plastic DIP
8-Lead Plastic SOIC
8-Lead Plastic SOIC
8-Lead Plastic SOIC
8-Lead Plastic DIP
8-Lead Plastic SOIC
8-Lead Plastic SOIC
8-Lead Plastic SOIC
Bare Die
8-Lead Ceramic DIP
8-Lead Ceramic DIP
8-Lead Ceramic DIP
8-Lead Ceramic DIP

METALIZATION PHOTOGRAPH
Dimensions shown in inches and (mm).
Contact factory for latest dimensions.

REV. B

Package
Option
H-08A
Q-8
H-08A
Q-8
H-08A
N-8
N-8
R-8
R-8
R-8
N-8
R-8
R-8
R-8
Q-8
Q-8
Q-8
Q-8

AD712Typical Performance Characteristics

20

RL = 2kV
258C
5

10
15
5
SUPPLY VOLTAGE 6 Volts

INPUT BIAS CURRENT (VCM = 0) Amps

QUIESCENT CURRENT mA

10
15
5
SUPPLY VOLTAGE 6 Volts

Figure 4. Quiescent Current vs.

Supply Voltage

SHORT CIRCUIT CURRENT LIMIT mA

INPUT BIAS CURRENT pA

100

75
VS = +15V
258C
50

25

0
10

0
5
5
COMMON MODE VOLTAGE Volts

10

Figure 7. Input Bias Current vs.

Common Mode Voltage

RL = 2kV
258C
5

10
15
5
SUPPLY VOLTAGE 6 Volts

25

20
615V SUPPLIES
15

10

0
10

20

100
1k
LOAD RESISTANCE V

10k

Figure 3. Output Voltage Swing

vs. Load Resistance

106

100

107
108
109
1010

10

1.0

0.1

1011
1012
60 40 40

20

MAX J GRADE LIMIT

VOUT

Figure 2. Output Voltage Swing vs.

Supply Voltage

10

20

Figure 1. Input Voltage Swing vs.

Supply Voltage

+VOUT

OUTPUT IMPEDANCE V

10

15

0.01
1k

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140

TEMPERATURE 8C

10k

100k
1M
FREQUENCY Hz

10M

Figure 5. Input Bias Current vs.

Temperature

Figure 6. Output Impedance vs.

Frequency

26

5.0

24
+ OUTPUT CURRENT
22
20
18
OUTPUT CURRENT
16
14
12
10
60 40 20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140
AMBIENT TEMPERATURE 8C

Figure 8. Short Circuit Current

Limit vs. Temperature

UNITY GAIN BANDWIDTH MHz

15

30
OUTPUT VOLTAGE SWING Volts pp

OUTPUT VOLTAGE SWING Volts

INPUT VOLTAGE SWING Volts

20

4.5

4.0

3.5

3.0
60 40 20

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140

TEMPERATURE 8C

Figure 9. Unity Gain Bandwidth vs.

Temperature

REV. B

AD712

60

60
40

40
GAIN
PHASE
2kV
100pF
LOAD

20

20

120

20
10

100

1k
10k
100k
FREQUENCY Hz

1M

105

5
10
15
SUPPLY VOLTAGE 6 Volts

Figure 11. Open-Loop Gain vs.

Supply Voltage

100

30

40

20

100

1k
10k
100k
FREQUENCY Hz

Figure 13. Common Mode Rejection vs. Frequency

3V RMS
RL = 2kV
CL = 100pF

100

110

120
130
100

100k

Figure 16. Total Harmonic Distortion vs. Frequency

REV. B

20
RL = 2kV
258C
VS = 615V

15

10

1M
INPUT FREQUENCY Hz

8
6
4
2

ERROR 1% 0.1% 0.01%

4
6
8

10
0.5

10M

1% 0.1% 0.01%

0.6

0.7
0.8
0.9
SETTLING TIME ms

1.0

Figure 15. Output Swing and Error

vs. Settling Time

25

20
100

10

15

10

1
1k
10k
FREQUENCY Hz

VS = 615V SUPPLIES
WITH 1V p-p SINE
WAVE 258C

Figure 12. Power Supply Rejection

vs. Frequency

1k

INPUT NOISE VOLTAGE nV/ Hz

90

25

Figure 14. Large Signal Frequency

Response

70

80

20

10

0
100k

1M

SUPPLY

40

0
10
100
1k
10k
100k
1M
SUPPLY MODULATION FREQUENCY Hz

SLEW RATE V/ms

0
10

60

OUTPUT SWING FROM 0V TO 6VOLTS

VS = 615V
VCM = 1Vp-p
258C

60

+ SUPPLY

80

20

Figure 10. Open-Loop Gain and

Phase Margin vs. Frequency

OUTPUT VOLTAGE Volts pp

CMR dB

RL = 2kV
258C

110

100

95

20
10M

80

THD dB

115

100

110

POWER SUPPLY REJECTION dB

80
OPEN LOOP GAIN dB

80

125

PHASE MARGIN 8C

100

OPEN LOOP GAIN dB

100

10

100
1k
FREQUENCY Hz

10k

100k

Figure 17. Input Noise Voltage

Spectral Density

100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900

INPUT ERROR SIGNAL mV
(AT SUMMING JUNCTION)

Figure 18. Slew Rate vs. Input

Error Signal

AD712
+VS

25

SLEW RATE V/ms

0.1mF

1/2
AD712

INPUT

OUTPUT
100pF

2kV
0.1mF

20
VS

Figure 20. T.H.D. Test Circuit

VOUT

15
60

40

20

20
40
60
80
TEMPERATURE 8C

100

120

20kV

+VS

140
2

Figure 19. Slew Rate vs. Temperature

20V p-p

1/2
AD712
3

VIN
CROSSTALK = 20 LOG

2.2kV

5kV

5kV

VOUT

1/2
AD712 5
4
VS

10VIN

Figure 21. Crosstalk Test Circuit

+VS

100

100

90

90

0.1mF

VOUT

1/2
AD712

RL
2kV

VIN

CL
100pF

10

10

0%

0%

0.1mF
SQUARE
WAVE
INPUT

1ms

5V

50mV

100ns

VS

Figure 22a. Unity Gain Follower

Figure 22b. Unity Gain Follower

Pulse Response (Large Signal)

5kV

100

100

90

90

+VS

Figure 22c. Unity Gain Follower

Pulse Response (Small Signal)

0.1mF

VIN

5kV
VOUT

1/2
AD712
SQUARE
WAVE
INPUT

10

10

RL
2kV
0.1mF

CL
100pF

0%

0%

1ms

5V

50mV

200ns

VS

Figure 23a. Unity Gain Inverter

Figure 23b. Unity Gain Inverter Pulse

Response (Large Signal)

Figure 23c. Unity Gain Inverter

Pulse Response (Small Signal)

REV. B

AD712
In addition to a significant improvement in settling time, the
low offset voltage, low offset voltage drift, and high open-loop
gain of the AD711/AD712 family assures 12-bit accuracy over
the full operating temperature range.

OPTIMIZING SETTLING TIME

Most bipolar high-speed D/A converters have current outputs;

therefore, for most applications, an external op amp is required
for current-to-voltage conversion. The settling time of the converter/op amp combination depends on the settling time of the
DAC and output amplifier. A good approximation is:

The excellent high-speed performance of the AD712 is shown in

the oscilloscope photos of Figure 25. Measurements were taken
using a low input capacitance amplifier connected directly to the
summing junction of the AD712 both photos show the worst
case situation: a full-scale input transition. The DACs 4 k
[10 k||8 k = 4.4 k] output impedance together with a
10 k feedback resistor produce an op amp noise gain of 3.25.
The current output from the DAC produces a 10 V step at the
op amp output (0 to 10 V Figure 25a, 10 V to 0 V Figure
25b.)

t S Total = (t S DAC )2 + (t S AMP )2

The settling time of an op amp DAC buffer will vary with the
noise gain of the circuit, the DAC output capacitance, and with
the amount of external compensation capacitance across the
DAC output scaling resistor.
Settling time for a bipolar DAC is typically 100 ns to 500 ns.
Previously, conventional op amps have required much longer
settling times than have typical state-of-the-art DACs; therefore,
the amplifier settling time has been the major limitation to a
high-speed voltage-output D-to-A function. The introduction of
the AD711/AD712 family of op amps with their 1 s (to 0.01%
of final value) settling time now permits the full high-speed
capabilities of most modern DACs to be realized.

Therefore, with an ideal op amp, settling to 1/2 LSB ( 0.01%)

requires that 375 V or less appears at the summing junction.
This means that the error between the input and output (that
voltage which appears at the AD712 summing junction) must be
less than 375 V. As shown in Figure 25, the total settling time
for the AD712/AD565 combination is 1.2 microseconds.

0.1mF
BIPOLAR
OFFSET ADJUST

R2
GAIN 100V
ADJUST

REF
OUT

R1
100V

VCC

BIPOLAR
OFF

20V
SPAN

+
10V

AD565A

REF
IN

19.95kV

5kV
9.95kV

10V
SPAN

0.5mA

5kV

IREF

DAC

REF
GND

IOUT = 4 3
IREF 3 CODE

20kV

IO

10pF

+15V
0.1mF

DAC
OUT

1/2
AD712

8kV

OUTPUT
10V TO +10V
0.1mF

VEE
0.1mF

POWER
GND

MSB

LSB

15V

Figure 24. 10 V Voltage Output Bipolar DAC

1mV

5V

1mV

100

100

90

90

SUMMING
JUNCTION

SUMMING
JUNCTION

0V

0V
10

OUTPUT

10

0%

OUTPUT

0%

10V

10V

500ns

500ns

b. (Full-Scale Positive Transition)

a. (Full-Scale Negative Transition)

Figure 25. Settling Characteristics for AD712 with AD565A

REV. B

5V

AD712
OP AMP SETTLING TIME A MATHEMATICAL MODEL

The design of the AD712 gives careful attention to optimizing

individual circuit components; in addition, a careful trade-off
was made: the gain bandwidth product (4 MHz) and slew rate
(20 V/s) were chosen to be high enough to provide very fast
settling time but not too high to cause a significant reduction in
phase margin (and therefore stability). Thus designed, the
AD712 settles to 0.01%, with a 10 V output step, in under
1 s, while retaining the ability to drive a 250 pF load capacitance when operating as a unity gain follower.

When RO and IO are replaced with their Thevenin VIN and RIN
equivalents, the general purpose inverting amplifier of Figure
26b is created. Note that when using this general model, capacitance CX is EITHER the input capacitance of the op amp if a
simple inverting op amp is being simulated OR it is the combined capacitance of the DAC output and the op amp input if
the DAC buffer is being modeled.

1/2
AD712

If an op amp is modeled as an ideal integrator with a unity gain

crossover frequency of /2, Equation 1 will accurately describe the small signal behavior of the circuit of Figure 26a,
consisting of an op amp connected as an I-to-V converter at the
output of a bipolar or CMOS DAC. This equation would completely describe the output of the system if not for the op amps
finite slew rate and other nonlinear effects.

VOUT
RL

CL

CF
RIN

VIN

CX

Figure 26b. Simplified Model of the AD712

Used as an Inverter

Equation 1.
VO
R
=
I IN
R(C f = CX ) 2 GN

s +
+ RC f s + 1

In either case, the capacitance CX causes the system to go from

a one-pole to a two-pole response; this additional pole increases
settling time by introducing peaking or ringing in the op amp
output. Since the value of CX can be estimated with reasonable
accuracy, Equation 2 can be used to choose a small capacitor,
CF, to cancel the input pole and optimize amplifier response.
Figure 27 is a graphical solution of Equation 2 for the AD712
with R = 4 k.

where 2 =op amps unity gain frequency

GN = noise gain of circuit 1 + R

O
This equation may then be solved for Cf:

60

Equation 2.
Cf =

2 GN 2 RC X + (1 GN )
+
R
R

50

GN = 4.0

40

CX

In these equations, capacitor CX is the total capacitor appearing

the inverting terminal of the op amp. When modeling a DAC
buffer application, the Norton equivalent circuit of Figure 26a
can be used directly; capacitance CX is the total capacitance of
the output of the DAC plus the input capacitance of the op amp
(since the two are in parallel).

30

GN = 3.0
GN = 2.0

20
GN = 1.5
GN = 1.0

10

0
0

1/2
AD712

VOUT
RL

CL

10

20

30
CF

40

50

60

Figure 27. Value of Capacitor CF vs. Value of CX

CF
R
IO

RO

CX

Figure 26a. Simplified Model of the AD712 Used as a

Current-Out DAC Buffer

REV. B

AD712
The photos of Figures 28a and 28b show the dynamic response
of the AD712 in the settling test circuit of Figure 29.

5V
100
90

The input of the settling time fixture is driven by a flat-top pulse

generator. The error signal output from the false summing node
of A1 is clamped, amplified by A2 and then clamped again. The
error signal is thus clamped twice: once to prevent overloading
amplifier A2 and then a second time to avoid overloading the
oscilloscope preamp. The Tektronix oscilloscope preamp type
7A26 was carefully chosen because it does not overload with
these input levels. Amplifier A2 needs to be a very high speed
FET-input op amp; it provides a gain of 10, amplifying the error
signal output of A1.

10

GUARDING

0%

5mV

500ns

Figure 28a. Settling Characteristics 0 V to +10 V Step

Upper Trace: Output of AD712 Under Test (5 V/Div)
Lower Trace: Amplified Error Voltage (0.01%/Div)

5V
100
90

The low input bias current (15 pA) and low noise characteristics
of the AD712 BiFET op amp make it suitable for electrometer
applications such as photo diode preamplifiers and picoampere
current-to-voltage converters. The use of a guarding technique
such as that shown in Figure 30, in printed circuit board layout
and construction is critical to minimize leakage currents. The
guard ring is connected to a low impedance potential at the
same level as the inputs. High impedance signal lines should not
be extended for any unnecessary length on the printed circuit
board.
TO-99 (H) PACKAGE

PLASTIC MINI-DIP (N) PACKAGE

CERDIP (Q) PACKAGE
AND SOIC (R) PACKAGE

10
0%

5mV

500ns

3
2

Figure 28b. Settling Characteristics 0 V to 10 V Step

Upper Trace: Output of AD712 Under Test (5 V/Div)
Lower Trace: Amplified Error Voltage (0.01%/Div)

7
8

Figure 30. Board Layout for Guarding Inputs

5pF

1/2
AD712

HP2835

205V

VERROR 3 5

TEKTRONIX 7A26
OSCILLOSCOPE
PREAMP
INPUT SECTION

1MV
HP2835
0.47mF

200V

DATA
DYNAMICS
5109

0.47mF

4.99kV

4.99kV

15V +15V
10kV

5-18pF

10kV
1.1kV
VIN

0.2-0.6pF

10kV

1/2
AD712
(OR EQUIVALENT
FLAT TOP
PULSE
GENERATION)

VOUT
5kV

0.1mF

10pF

0.1mF

15V +15V

Figure 29. Settling Time Test Circuit

REV. B

20pF

AD712
D/A CONVERTER APPLICATIONS

VDD

The AD712 is an excellent output amplifier for CMOS DACs.

It can be used to perform both 2 quadrant and 4 quadrant operation. The output impedance of a DAC using an inverted
R-2R ladder approaches R for codes containing many 1s, 3R for
codes containing a single 1, and for codes containing all zero,
the output impedance is infinite.

R2A*
C1A
33pF

GAIN
ADJUST

OUT1
VREF

0.1mF

RFB

VDD

VIN

+15V

AD7545

R1A*

AGND

1/2
AD712

VOUTA

1/2
AD712

VOUTB

DGND

For example, the output resistance of the AD7545 will modulate between 11 k and 33 k. Therefore, with the DACs
internal feedback resistance of 11 k, the noise gain will vary
from 2 to 4/3. This changing noise gain modulates the effect of
the input offset voltage of the amplifier, resulting in nonlinear
DAC amplifier performance.

*REFER TO
TABLE I

The AD712K with guaranteed 700 V offset voltage minimizes

this effect to achieve 12-bit performance.

GAIN
ADJUST

ANALOG
COMMON
DB11DB0

R2B*

VDD

C1B
33pF
RFB

VDD

OUT1

Figures 31 and 32 show the AD712 and AD7545 (12-bit

CMOS DAC) configured for unipolar binary (2-quadrant multiplication) or bipolar (4-quadrant multiplication) operation.
Capacitor C1 provides phase compensation to reduce overshoot
and ringing.

VIN

VREF

R1B*

AD7545
AGND
DGND

*REFER TO
TABLE I

0.1mF
ANALOG
COMMON
15V

DB11DB0

Figure 31. Unipolar Binary Operation

R1 and R2 calibrate the zero offset and gain error of the DAC.
Specific values for these resistors depend upon the grade of
AD7545 and are shown below.
Table I. Recommended Trim Resistor Values vs. Grades
of the AD7545 for VDD = +5 V

C1
33pF

KN/BQ/TD

LN/UD

GLN/GUD

R1
R2

500
150

200
68

100
33

20
6.8

R4
20kV 1%

+15V
0.1mF

R5
20kV 1%

RFB

VDD

OUT1
VREF

VIN

JN/AQ/SD

R2*

VDD

GAIN
ADJUST

Trim
Resistor

AD7545

R1*

AGND
DB11DB0

1/2
AD712

DGND

R3
10kV 1%

VOUT

0.1mF

12
DATA INPUT
*FOR VALUES OF
R1 AND R2 SEE TABLE I

1/2
AD712

ANALOG
COMMON

15V

Figure 32. Bipolar Operation

10

REV. B

AD712
Figures 33a and 33b show the settling time characteristics of the
AD712 when used as a DAC output buffer for the AD7545.

100
90

10
0%

500ns

DRIVING THE ANALOG INPUT OF AN A/D CONVERTER

An op amp driving the analog input of an A/D converter, such

as that shown in Figure 34, must be capable of maintaining a
constant output voltage under dynamically changing load conditions. In successive-approximation converters, the input current
is compared to a series of switched trial currents. The comparison point is diode clamped but may deviate several hundred
millivolts resulting in high frequency modulation of A/D input
current. The output impedance of a feedback amplifier is made
artificially low by the loop gain. At high frequencies, where the
loop gain is low, the amplifier output impedance can approach
its open loop value. Most IC amplifiers exhibit a minimum open
loop output impedance of 25 due to current limiting resistors.

a. Full-Scale Positive Transition

STS

12/8
CS

HIGH
BITS

AO
GAIN
ADJUST

100
90

R/C
CE

AD574

REF IN
R2
100V
+15V
0.1mF

R1
100V

REF OUT

MIDDLE
BITS
LOW
BITS

BIP OFF
+5V

10
0%

500ns

610V
ANALOG
INPUT

b. Full-Scale Negative Transition

Figure 33. Settling Characteristics for AD712 with AD7545

The AD712C grade is specified at a maximum level of 4.0 V

p-p, in a 0.1 Hz to 10 Hz bandwidth. Each AD712C receives a
100% noise test for two 10-second intervals; devices with any
excursion in excess of 4.0 V are rejected. The screened lot is
then submitted to Quality Control for verification on an AQL
basis.

10VIN

+15V

20VIN

15V

ANA
COM

DIG
COM

ANALOG COM

Figure 34. AD712 as ADC Unity Gain Buffer

A few hundred microamps reflected from the change in converter

loading can introduce errors in instantaneous input voltage. If
the A/D conversion speed is not excessive and the bandwidth of
the amplifier is sufficient, the amplifiers output will return to
the nominal value before the converter makes its comparison.
However, many amplifiers have relatively narrow bandwidth
yielding slow recovery from output transients. The AD712 is
ideally suited to drive high speed A/D converters since it offers
both wide bandwidth and high open-loop gain.

All other grades of the AD712 are sample-tested on an AQL

basis to a limit of 6 V p-p, 0.1 Hz to 10 Hz.

REV. B

0.1mF

15V

NOISE CHARACTERISTICS

The random nature of noise, particularly in the 1/f region,

makes it difficult to specify in practical terms. At the same time,
designers of precision instrumentation require certain guaranteed maximum noise levels to realize the full accuracy of their
equipment.

1/2
AD712

OFFSET
ADJUST

11

AD712
PD711 BUFF

5V

100

1ms

100

90

90

10

10

0%

0%

500mV 10V ADC IN

200ns

Figure 37. Transient Response RL = 2 k, CL = 500 pF

a. Source Current = 2 mA

ACTIVE FILTER APPLICATIONS

PD711 BUFF

In active filter applications using op amps, the dc accuracy of

the amplifier is critical to optimal filter performance. The
amplifiers offset voltage and bias current contribute to output
error. Offset voltage will be passed by the filter and may be
amplified to produce excessive output offset. For low frequency
applications requiring large value input resistors, bias currents
flowing through these resistors will also generate an offset voltage.

100
90

10
0%

500mV

200ns

5V ADC IN

b. Sink Current = 1 mA
Figure 35. ADC Input Unity Gain Buffer Recovery Times
DRIVING A LARGE CAPACITIVE LOAD

The circuit in Figure 36 employs a 100 isolation resistor

which enables the amplifier to drive capacitive loads exceeding
1500 pF; the resistor effectively isolates the high frequency
feedback from the load and stabilizes the circuit. Low frequency
feedback is returned to the amplifier summing junction via the
low pass filter formed by the 100 series resistor and the load
capacitance, CL. Figure 37 shows a typical transient response
for this connection.

In addition, at higher frequencies, an op amps dynamics must

be carefully considered. Here, slew rate, bandwidth, and
open-loop gain play a major role in op amp selection. The slew
rate must be fast as well as symmetrical to minimize distortion.
The amplifiers bandwidth in conjunction with the filters gain
will dictate the frequency response of the filter.
The use of a high performance amplifier such as the AD712 will
minimize both dc and ac errors in all active filter applications.

4.99kV
30pF
+VIN
0.1mF
+
4.99kV
INPUT
TYPICAL CAPACITANCE
LIMIT FOR VARIOUS
LOAD RESISTORS
R1

C1 UP TO

2kV
10kV
20V

1500pF
1500pF
1000pF

1/2
AD712

100V
C1

OUTPUT
R1

0.1mF
+
VIN

Figure 36. Circuit for Driving a Large Capacitive Load

12

REV. B

AD712
SECOND ORDER LOW PASS FILTER
REF 20.0 dBm
OFFSET .0 Hz
10 dB/DIV
RANGE 15.0 dBm
0 dB

Figure 38 depicts the AD712 configured as a second order

Butterworth low pass filter. With the values as shown, the corner
frequency will be 20 kHz; however, the wide bandwidth of the
AD712 permits a corner frequency as high as several hundred
kilohertz. Equations for component selection are shown below.

TYPICAL BIFET

R1 = R2 = user selected (typical values: 10 k 100 k)

C1 (in farads ) =

1.414
0.707
C2 =
(2)( f cutoff )(R1)
(2)( f cutoff )(R1)

AD712

C1
560pF
+15V
0.1mF
R1
20kV

VIN

R2
20kV
C2
280pF

SPAN 10 000 000.0 Hz

CENTER 5 000 000.0 Hz
ST .8 SEC
RBW 30 kHz
VBW 30 kHz

1/2
AD712

VOUT

Figure 39.

0.1mF

15V

Figure 38. Second Order Low Pass Filter

An important property of filters is their out-of-band rejection.

The simple 20 kHz low pass filter shown in Figure 38, might be
used to condition a signal contaminated with clock pulses or
sampling glitches which have considerable energy content at
high frequencies.
The low output impedance and high bandwidth of the AD712
minimize high frequency feedthrough as shown in Figure 39.
The upper trace is that of another low-cost BiFET op amp
showing 17 dB more feedthrough at 5 MHz.

REV. B

13

AD712
+15V
0.1mF

+15V
0.1mF

VIN

0.001mF

A1
AD711

2800V
4.9395E15

0.1mF

6190V

6490V

6190V

5.9276E15

5.9276E15

4.9395E15

2800V

A2
AD711

D
0.1mF

15V
100kV

VOUT

*
0.001mF

124kV

4.99kV

15V
4.99kV

*SEE TEXT

Figure 40. 9-Pole Chebychev Filter

9-POLE CHEBYCHEV FILTER

REF 5.0 dBm

10 dB/DIV

Figure 40 shows the AD712 and its dual counterpart, the

AD711, as a 9-pole Chebychev filter using active frequency
dependent negative resistors (FDNR). With a cutoff frequency
of 50 kHz and better than 90 dB rejection, it may be used as an
antialiasing filter for a 12-bit Data Acquisition System with
100 kHz throughput.
As shown in Figure 40, the filter is comprised of four FDNRs
(A, B, C, D) having values of 4.9395 3 1015 and 5.9276 3
1015 farad-seconds. Each FDNR active network provides a
two-pole response; for a total of 8 poles. The 9th pole consists
of a 0.001 F capacitor and a 124 k resistor at Pin 3 of amplifier A2. Figure 41 depicts the circuits for each FDNR with the
proper selection of R. To achieve optimal performance, the
0.001 F capacitors must be selected for 1% or better matching
and all resistors should have 1% or better tolerance.

START.0 Hz
RBW 300 Hz

MARKER 96 800.0 Hz
RANGE 5.0 dBm
90 dBm

VBW 30 Hz

STOP 200 000.0 Hz

ST 69.6 SEC

Figure 42. High Frequency Response for 9-Pole

Chebychev Filter

+15V
0.1mF

0.001mF

1/2
AD712
0.1mF

1/2
AD712

0.001mF
15V
1.0kV

R:

24.9kV FOR 4.9395E15

29.4kV FOR 5.9276E15

4.99kV

Figure 41. FDNR for 9-Pole Chebychev Filter

14

REV. B

AD712
OUTLINE DIMENSIONS
Dimensions shown in inches and (mm).

0.390 (9.91)
8

0.005 (0.13)
MIN

0.055 (1.35)
MAX

0.250 0.310
(6.35) (7.87)
1

PIN 1
0.165 60.01
4.19 60.25

0.035 60.01
(0.890 60.25)

0.310 (7.87)
0.220 (5.59)
1

0.195 (4.95)
0.115 (2.93)

0.405 (10.29)
MAX

0.150
(3.81)
0.125 (3.18)
MIN
0.200 (5.08)
0.014 (0.36) 0.100 0.030 (0.76) SEATING
PLANE
0.023 (0.58) (2.54) 0.070 (1.78)
BSC

158
08

TO-99
(H-08A)
REFERENCE PLANE

0.1968 (5.00)
0.1890 (4.80)

0.2440 (6.20)
0.2284 (5.80)

0.305 (7.75)

0.335 (8.50)
0.335 (8.50)

0.370 (9.40)

0.040 (1.01) MAX

0.200
(5.1)
TYP

7
2

0.100
(2.54)
BSC

0.021 (0.53)
0.016 (0.41)
BASE & SEATING PLANE

0.045 (1.1)
0.020 (0.51)

PIN 1

8
BOTTOM VIEW

0.1574 (4.00)
0.1497 (3.80)

0.0688 (1.75)
0.0532 (1.35)

0.0098 (0.25)
0.0040 (0.10)
0.0500 0.020 (0.51)
SEATING (1.27) 0.013 (0.33)
PLANE BSC

0.034 (0.86)
0.028 (0.71)

0.0098 (0.25)
0.0075 (0.19)

0.0196 (0.50)
x 458
0.0099 (0.25)

88
08

0.050 (1.27)
0.016 (0.40)

458 BSC
EQUALLY SPACED

PRINTED IN U.S.A.

INSULATION
0.05 (1.27) MAX

0.008 (0.20)
0.015 (0.38)

158
08

SOIC
(R-8)

0.500 (12.70)
MIN

0.019 (0.48)
0.016 (0.41)

0.220 (5.59)
0.310 (7.87)

0.015 (0.38)
0.060 (1.52)

0.200 (5.08)
MAX

0.011 60.003
(0.204 60.081)

SEATING
PLANE

PIN 1

0.18 60.01
(4.57 60.76)

0.018 60.003 0.100 0.033 (0.84)

NOM
(0.460 60.081) (2.54)
TYP

0.25R
(0.64)

0.300 (7.62)
REF

0.125 (3.18)
MIN

0.185 (4.70)
0.165 (4.19)

C1020c14/98

Cerdip
(Q-8)

Mini-DIP
(N-8)

REV. B

15