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Masons Rule

This document describes Mason's gain rule, a method for finding the transfer function of a system represented by a block diagram. It provides an example of applying the rule to a specific block diagram with two forward paths and five feedback loops. Mason's rule involves identifying the forward paths and their gains, the feedback loops and their gains, then substituting these into the Mason's gain rule formula to determine the overall transfer function of the system.

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1K views2 pages

Masons Rule

This document describes Mason's gain rule, a method for finding the transfer function of a system represented by a block diagram. It provides an example of applying the rule to a specific block diagram with two forward paths and five feedback loops. Mason's rule involves identifying the forward paths and their gains, the feedback loops and their gains, then substituting these into the Mason's gain rule formula to determine the overall transfer function of the system.

Uploaded by

mohamedhega
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MASON'S GAIN RULE

An example of finding the transfer function of a system represented by a block diagram


using Mason's rule. This problem has also been worked using a matrix solution; see the
file MatrixSolution.pdf.

The Problem:
Given the system:

G4(s)

R (s) G1(s) G2(s) G3(s) Σ C (s)

H1(s)
H2(s)
H3(s)

Mason's Gain Rule:


M = transfer function or gain of the system
Mj = gain of one forward path

∑M ∆
j = an integer representing the forward paths in the system
j j
∆j = 1 – the loops remaining after removing path j. If none
M= j
remain, then ∆j = 1.
∆
∆ = 1 - Σ loop gains + Σ nontouching loop gains taken two at a
time - Σ nontouching loop gains taken three at a time + Σ
nontouching loop gains taken four at a time - · · ·

1) Find the forward paths and their gains:


A forward path is a path from R(s) to C(s) that does not cross the same point
more than once. There are two forward paths in this example, so we have a j = 1
and a j = 2. The two paths are:

M 1 = G1 G2 G3 and M 2 = G4

Tom Penick [email protected] www.teicontrols.com/notes 5/8/00


2) Find the loops and their gains:
A loop is a closed path that can be negotiated without crossing the same point
more than once. There are five loops in this example:
Loop 1 = −G1G2 H1 Loop 4 = −G4 H 3
Loop 2 = −G2 G3 H 2 Loop 5 = G4 H 2G 2 H1
Loop 3 = −G1 G2 G3 H3

3) Find the ∆js:


If we eliminate the path M 1 = G1 G2 G3 If we eliminate the path M 2 = G4 from
from the system, no complete loops the system, no complete loops remain
remain so: so:

∆1 = 1 ∆2 = 1

4) Find ∆:
Since there are no nontouching loop pairs in this example, ∆ will just be one
minus the sum of the loop gains:
∆ = 1 − ( −G1G2 H1 ) + ( −G2 G3 H 2 ) + ( −G1 G2 G3 H 3 ) + ( −G4 H 3 ) + ( G4 H 2G 2H 1 ) 

The Solution:

∑M ∆ j j

Mason's Rule: M = j

Applying the formula for Mason's rule, we have the transfer function:

C (s) G1 G2G3 + G4
=M =
R (s) 1 + G1G2 H1 + G2 G3 H 2 + G1 G2 G3 H 3 + G4 H 3 − G4 H 2G2 H 1

Tom Penick [email protected] www.teicontrols.com/notes 5/8/00

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