Live-In-Field Experience (LFE-201)

Spring 15
Sec-09
Group- 12
VENUE: RANGPUR TMSS

Final Report
Submitted by:
Shahnur alam (surjo) ------- 1120711
Sayem Siddiqui----------------1130496
Saud Bin A.Mannan----------1130460
Nowreen Farha Imam--------1210687
Kazi Nahid Bin Kashem------1221074
SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND COMPUTER SCIENCE

Submitted to:
MR. ABDUL BATEN
LECTURER, SESM
INDEPENDENT UNIVERSITY, BANGLADESH.
SUBMISSION ON DATE: 15/03/2015

Contents
Letter of transmittal....5
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Introduction:

Objectives of the LFE: 7

Limitations:........................................................................................................... 7
Descriptions of Study Area:
RAJENDRAPUR

Rajendrapur at a glance:......................................................................................... 8
SHODDOPOSKURNI 9
Soddopuskorini at a glance:.................................................................................... 9
CHANDAHPATH

10

ChandanPath at a glance:..................................................................................... 10
Village Mapping:.................................................................................................... 12
Techniques of village mapping:.............................................................................12
Site selection:........................................................................................................ 12
Rapport building:................................................................................................... 12
Surrounding Para:.................................................................................................. 16
GPS Coordinate Of Chandanpath:..........................................................................16
SHODDOPOSKURNI 17
Surrounding Area:................................................................................................. 17
RAJENDRAPUR

18

Surrounding Para:.................................................................................................. 19
Population of ChandanPath:..................................................................................19
Age and Sex distribution:...................................................................................... 20
Marital Status:....................................................................................................... 21
Family Type:........................................................................................................... 21
Occupation:........................................................................................................... 22
Income Range:...................................................................................................... 22
School and College:............................................................................................... 23
House type:........................................................................................................... 23
Shops:................................................................................................................... 23
Religion:................................................................................................................ 24

Mosque and Temple:.............................................................................................. 24

Sources of water:................................................................................................... 24
Sanitation:............................................................................................................. 24
Cultivation:............................................................................................................ 24
Trees:..................................................................................................................... 24
Local and village medical center and doctor facility:.............................................24
Environmental pollution:....................................................................................... 24
Hut and Bazaar:..................................................................................................... 25
Animals:................................................................................................................ 25
Important Place and Obstruct:..............................................................................25
Climate:................................................................................................................. 25
Methodology: 26
P.R.A:..................................................................................................................... 26
Questionnaire Survey:........................................................................................... 27
Time Analysis:....................................................................................................... 27
Class Analysis:....................................................................................................... 27
Individual Interview:.............................................................................................. 27
Social Map & Milestone:........................................................................................ 27
GPS Coordinate of Household:............................................................................... 33
Location of Chandanpath:..................................................................................... 34
Household tracks:.................................................................................................. 34
Social Map & Milestone:........................................................................................ 35
household list :...................................................................................................... 37
GPS Coordinates of the households:......................................................................40
Household tracks:.................................................................................................. 41
Social Map:............................................................................................................ 41
Location of Rajendrapur:...................................................................................... 42
Market Analysis

48

Some Basic Information:....................................................................................... 48

Rural medicine:..................................................................................................... 48
Market information:............................................................................................... 49
Objective of Market Analysis:................................................................................49
Value chain:........................................................................................................... 50

COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT PLAN:

Statement of the problem:
Discussion:

55

Final topic:

56

52

55

Technological innovation in agriculture and its impacts on...................................56

Agri-production...................................................................................................... 56
Currently available Technologies:..........................................................................57
Water source:........................................................................................................ 59
Restrictions:.......................................................................................................... 60
Possible technologies to use:................................................................................ 60
The things to be done to use them.......................................................................66
Learning:

67

Reference:

67

LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL
March 15, 2015
MOHHAMED ABDUL BATEN
LECTURER, SESM
INDEPENDENT UNIVERSITY, BANGLADESH

Subject: Letter of Transmittal for the LFE Report, Autumn LFE 2015.

Dear Sir, With most pleasure, we are from group 09, would like to present this LFE report on the
study conducted during 2th January to 11th January, 2015 for the course Live in Field Experience
(LFE) on Cahandanpath, Rajendrapurwith village people.
Through questionnaire survey, and observation I have tried my best to learn about the
demography, geography, changes of social condition, economy and agriculture, the impact of
seasonality of various aspects of agriculture, health and environment, and rural market analysis
of the village. This was an immense experience for me and I have learnt a lot about the culture,
beliefs and norms of the village scenario.
I highly appreciate and acknowledge this overall effort of IUB for arranging this sort of course. If
any sort of clarification is required regarding the report, we will be pleased to meet any queries.

Sincerely yours,

Shahnur alam (surjo)

Sayem Siddiqui
Saud Bin A.Mannan
Kazi Nahid Bin Kashem
Nowreen Farha Imam

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Group 12

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
First of all, thanks to the Almighty for making it possible for me to finished this report. I express
our honest gratitude to our faculty members, G.M.WaliUllah, Abdul Baten, ShafiqulAlam,
SadiaHaque and Tanvir Ahmed Haroon for their relentless guidance. I also owe many thanks to
TMSS staffs for their hospitality. I am very much grateful to them. I would like to thank to all the
villagers who provided us much realistic information about the village many more inhabitants of
Chandanpath union for their warm hospitable treatment. Without their enthusiastic cooperation,
the study would not have been possible. The success of this report depends on the contributing of
a number of people, especially those who take the time to share their thoughtful guidance and
suggestions to improve this report.
I would like to thank IUB (Independent University, Bangladesh) for having such a wonderful and
unique course through which I get the chance to learn and experience about a rural Bangladesh
village. It will certainly have a lifetime impact on me and I would always be looking for
opportunities to do something for our poor villagers. This short but long lasting LFE program has
shown me the other side of the world, which I wouldnt have seen otherwise. Now I feel I have
more responsibilities towards our country and the village people who have always been our
strong hands.
Finally, I would like to thank others who have provided any kind of information about my report.
Last but not least, we thank IUB for allowing us to conduct the research and writing the report.

INTRODUCTION:
To serve the nation and humankind the Independent university, Bangladesh (IUB) aims at
building leadership qualities among the students. To accomplish its goal IUB offers a mandatory
course to all IUB students. This course is the LFE program, which is planned to enjoy with
education to the students to learn how to conduct a typical village survey. Bangladesh is an
agricultural country and most of the people live in village. There are enormous distinction
between the rural and the urban lifestyles. LFE gives the students an idea of what the villages of
Bangladesh are all about. Life is not only about the study of rural life, it is also about the study of
the major culture and mode of creation of Bangladesh. The true characteristics of a nation can be
consequential from its heredity, its culture and its tradition. But regrettably true nature has been a
label views of green trees. Verdant field and some hard working people. Inundated in poverty,
poorly constructed hats, green environment and some hard working people , darkness of the
education, health and some other section these are the ideas most city dwellers, like us have
regarding the rural life. But it would be totally wrong if we think like that. At present time
villagers brought a huge change in their perception, their way of living and their attitude. Like
the urban people they are aware about their perception, their way of living and their attitude.
Like the rural people they are aware about their right and their life but only thing they lack is the
opportunity. The LFE experience gives us the opportunity to learn about our country especially
rural vicinities. We did our LFE program in Rangpur TMSS and our assign village is
chandanpath, Rajendropur, Soddopuskorini union,.

OBJECTIVES OF THE LFE:

LFE (Live in Field Experience) is a unique program provided by IUB only that basically takes
place in different rural parts in Bangladesh. It enables IUB students to know about the villages

and rural people as far as possible. From 2nd to 13th January, 2015 we did our LFE field work to
the assigned para, ChandanPath, Rajendropur, Soddopuskorini in Rangpur.
It is a fact that nearly all the students of IUB have been grow up in urban areas and it is reality
that they have little or no idea about Gram Bangla. But our entire root is from Gram Bangla.
So, it is our duty to know about them and their life style. IUB gives me that opportunity. IUB
students have an opportunity to go to the village and villagers by the help of Live-In-Field
Experience course to know about the real picture of rural life and find out our origin
The purpose of LFE is manifold. One of the prime objectives of the study is to familiarize us
with socio-economic condition of the villagers. Our lives in the cities are independent from those
of villagers and therefore our only exposure to rural life is via this LFE program. It is important
to gather both positive and negative social changes that have taken place since the liberation. By
studying these changes we can identify with some, determine which changes we should rapidly
adopt and changes and values, which I should refrain from adopting.

The research focuses on finding out enough information on the following objectives:

The structure of the village (village map).

The social changes in the village and the reasons for the changes and a comparison
between the past and the present.

Wealth and resource owned by the villagers (peasants/farmers).

Seasonality production of the village by understanding the production cycle and pricing
of crops.

The market structure of the village focusing on the economic perspective, the process of
exchange, the marketing activities, the price of their products in the market, value adding
process, and also focusing on the awareness of the villagers towards the changing market.

Limitations:
During our survey in Chandanpath, Shoddoposkurni and Rajendrapur village we have discovered
few limitations. These are as follows:
Time constraint was the main problem for us. We would have been much conclusive in our
work if we would have got more time.
Communication barrier was a matter of concern for us as the distance was quit far from our
starting point that is TMSS to the destination that is Chandanpath, Shoddoposkurni and
Rajendrapur union Gram.

Sometimes it was difficult for us to read their leaps as their style of speaking is quite different
than ours. Besides they use different terms, which had not previously heard by us.
We almost struggled to know their annual income and expenditure, as they do not feel
comfortable to provide us such information.
Our survey was conducted during the pick hour when most of the villagers work. So we have
to impede the villagers from their schedule work and talk to them.

Having said all these limitations we have still managed to seek out the necessary information and
have conducted our survey. Yet to mention that we have to burn in the sun all throughout the day
to make our survey a fruitful one.

DESCRIPTIONS OF STUDY AREA:

RAJENDRAPUR
Rajendrapur at a glance:
In the current millennium at the peak of human civilization most of the countries are rushing
towards postindustrial technology based modern society, we, the people of Bangladesh are far
behind with that of the developed countries of the modern age. Majority of the population is the
inhabitants of rural society where investor-consumer relationship is well entranced to evaluate
the development of the whole motherland we have to pay a specific and sympathetic view to
these irony-fated poor villages.

Area of 6387 Acores

Village: 09
Household: 7753
Total Population: Male-16983 Female-15651, Total-37634
College-03
High School: 05
Primary School: 14 (Gvt.)
Madrasa: 01
Haat & Bazar: 2

No of community clinic: 03

Health and family planning center: 01

The word we know Gram as an ethnic grouping of partial members of the society. It is
acommunity all together with diverse ethnicity. The pastoral part possesses a more or less
soleculture of their own with a diverse mind-set, custom and conviction. In order to be aware of
theGram we have to ascertain and gain knowledge from the people of the Gram and find our feet
to their lifestyle.

SHODDOPOSKURNI
Soddopuskorini at a glance:
In the current millennium at the peak of human civilization most of the countries are rushing
towards postindustrial technology based modern society, we, the people of Bangladesh are far
behind with that of the developed countries of the modern age. Majority of the population is the
inhabitants of rural society where investor-consumer relationship is well entranced to evaluate
the development of the whole motherland we have to pay a specific and sympathetic view to
these irony-fated poor villages.

Area of 3267 km
Cultivable Land: 7598.02 Decimals
Village: 12
Household: 8215
Total Population: Male-8320 Female-8300, Total-16620
High School: 5
Primary School: 18 (Gvt.)
Madrasa: 1
Mosque: 4
Temple: 2
Haat & Bazar: 2

No of community clinic: 03

CHANDAHPATH
ChandanPath at a glance:
In the current millennium at the peak of human civilization most of the countries are rushing
towards postindustrial technology based modern society, we, the people of Bangladesh are far
behind with that of the developed countries of the modern age. Majority of the population is the
inhabitants of rural society where investor-consumer relationship is well entranced to evaluate
the development of the whole motherland we have to pay a specific and sympathetic view to
these irony-fated poor villages.

Area of 7428 Decimals

Cultivable Land: 7598.02 Decimals
Village: 12
Household: 8215
Total Population: Male-16640 Female-16507, Total-33147
High School: 3
Primary School: 41 (Gvt.)
Madrasa: 2
Mosque: 4
Temple: 2
Haat & Bazar: 2

10

No of community clinic: 04

Health and family planning center: 01

The word we know Gram as an ethnic grouping of partial members of the society. It is
acommunity all together with diverse ethnicity. The pastoral part possesses a more or less
soleculture of their own with a diverse mind-set, custom and conviction. In order to be aware of
theGram we have to ascertain and gain knowledge from the people of the Gram and find our feet
to their lifestyle.

The following diagram can expose the composition of a GRAM:

GRAM

PARA

GUSTI

BARI

CHULA

One or several chulas/stoves make a Bari or a house. Chulas/stoves means cooking place of any
house. Several baris make different Gusti. Like GhosherGusti. That means more than one
family is there whose surname is Ghosh. Those families altogether constitute a Gusti. And
several Gustis constitute Para. And as like before, several paras make a Gram, which in
English we call the Village. And we have 68,000 villages in our country.
Modhopara&Paikanparapara was our study area, which is part of the Chandanpath Union
village.

11

Village Mapping:
The major technique of P.R.A. (Participatory Rural Appraisal) and R.R.A. (Rapid Rural
Appraisal) is the village mapping. It is a different form of map that demonstrates the main and
unimportant resources as well as the social structure of a village. It is a different form of
geological map because the villagers using their own ideas and techniques to draw it. Therefore,
a village map gives a more or less clear vision of the different resources and social condition of a
village. It doesnt maintain all the standards of map drawing, but it is more or less specific.
Through the help of P.R.A. technique, we have been able to generate enough feedback from the
villagers to construct the village map. This was our first step in P.R.A. building. Village map
includes the overall picture of the Gram with its geographical data.
Our study area Modhopara & Paikanpara para is in the Chandanpath Union to Rangpursadar of
Rangpur District to collect the data for our report. With the help of a village map we can find out
its resources and conditions and we can know about that village more specifically. In this report
we tried to build up a map of ChandanPath union in Rangpur district. In this map we tried to
describe each of these zones in as much detail as possible. The things that come into our
consideration were education economic condition, culture, population health and environment
factors in this village.

Techniques of village mapping:

Site selection:
First we have to select a clean, open place where the selected villager will draw his
village map. The place should be such that more people can sit together. This is because one man
can do several mistakes; other people will make him correct.

Rapport building:
Rapport building means building relationship with the villagers. So, the villagers will feel free to
share information. This is a major aspect of PRA technique. The PRA team should make the
environment in such a way that the villagers feel themselves more important; they do not feel
uncomfortable and do not hesitate to share the feeling with the PRA team. Thus, it is important
that by building a good relationship with the villagers an exact map can be extracted from the
villagers. Another concept exists there. The team members should behave with the people in such
a way that, they do not know anything and the villagers are teaching them.

12

We can build rapport with the villagers by the following ways:

i) We should build report with the villagers by talking with them while walking through the
village.
ii) We should ask the villagers from which direction we will get a clear idea about the village, its
natural resources, surroundings etc.
iii) We should ask the villagers in a fixed format, the format includes:
i)
what,
ii)
when,
iii)
where,
iv)
who,
v)
why,
vi)
How.
iv) While walking through in the village, we should carefully observe the surroundings: like how
the land is used, if there is any tube-well, pond or any mosque or any graveyard is there. In brief,
we should keep our eyes open.
v) We should ask the villagers the name of the trees or crops, which are unfamiliar.
After finishing the transect walk, we should write all the data in a tabular form. And then we
should reconfirm it by the villagers.

13

14

15

Surrounding Para:
Moddho para
Paikar para
Hindu para

GPS Coordinate Of Chandanpath:

Latitude

Longitude

Latitude :
25.733585357666016(approximately)

Longitude :
89.16280364990234(approximately)

ChandanPath is very near from TMSS. It took maximum 25 minutes to reach in Chandan Path
from TMSS. The village is not too much small. By religion people are Hindu and Muslim. There
is a large number of cultivate land. The village is far away from public medical treatment. But
fortunately now the village is being developed. The children are now started to go to school.
Transportation facility is being developed.

16

SHODDOPOSKURNI

Surrounding Area:
Mistri Para
Bania Para
Soddopuskorini is very near from TMSS. It took maximum 40 minutes to reach in
Soddopuskorini from TMSS. The village is not too much small. By religion people are Hindu
and Muslim. There is a large number of cultivate land. The village is far away from public
medical treatment. But fortunately now the village is being developed. The children are now
started to go to school. Transportation facility is being developed.

17

RAJENDRAPUR

18

Surrounding Para:
Baniapara
Bashontipara
Ghoonapara
Rajendrapur is very near from TMSS. It took maximum 25 minutes to reach in Rajendrapur from
TMSS. The village is not too much small. By religion people are Hindu and Muslim. There is a
large number of cultivate land. The village is far away from public medical treatment. But
fortunately now the village is being developed. The children are now started to go to school.
Transportation facility is being developed.

Communication and Transport:

Tractors are more availabe in this village. People also use rickshaw, Motor
bike, By Cycle, Auto and Cattle Car etc. Vans are also use in this village.

Population of ChandanPath:
There are around 5000-6500 people in ChandanPath. For our survey we took 10 families from
the Moddhopara to conduct our survey. In our selected houses we found total 55 members. In
this 55 people 20 of them were male (18 and above), 19 of them were female (18 and above) and
16 of them were below 18.

19

Age and Sex distribution:

Age
Group
0-17
18-30
31-50

Male

Female

Total

9
10
10

7
9
10

16
19
20

We surveyed 10 families in Moddhopara and there was 19 people were in between 0-17 age
which we are called non adult, 19 were in between 18-30age, and 20 were in between 31-50age
limit surprisingly their death rate is very low.

20

Marital Status:
Marital Status
Married
Unmarried
Total

People
41
14
35

Percentage
74.5%
25.5%
100%

From the table we can see that 41 people married in our survey group. The number of unmarried
is 14 with.

Family Type:
Family type
Nuclear
Joint
Total

No. of Family
6
4
10

Percentage
60%
40%
100%

In our study we found 6 out of 10 families were nuclear families while the rest 4 were joint
families. This indicates a changing trend towards the Nuclear family type. People seem to prefer

21

this type of family structure over the other which implies the people may be getting more
individualistic rather than collective.

Occupation:
The majority of the people of ChandanPath are engaged indifferent occupation like driving, day
labor etc. Agriculture is their main occupation they do agriculture for their own. The laborers
have no agricultural lands. They work on the lands owned by others. The businessmen or petty
shop owners have their shops. Some of the people of Para serve in those shops. The women of
the Para are mostly housewives. They are usually engaged in household works and look after
their families. Some of them are day labor.

Income Range:
Income
range(monthly)
2500-4000
5000-14000
20000-30000

No. of Family

Percentage

2
7
1

20%
70%
10%

Most of the people of the Para are among middle income group. Their income varies between
5000 to 14000tk.

22

Source: Field Survey

As we can see in the table in our assigned families we find 2 families whose monthly income is
2500 to 4000tk and we find 7 families whose monthly income is 5000 to 14000tk. But we find
only 1 rich family.

School and College:

There are 4 schools at ChandanPath village. One of them is Primary School and one is High
school. There has one madrasha and one blind school. These schools are contributing towards
social development of Chandan Path Village by providing children proper education.

House type:
People here live in Chandan Path hard life to earn their livelihood. 2/3 of the houses in Kushirgul
were semi bricked like tin roofed and brick walled. Rich and middle class people were afforded
to live in semi bricked house. The lower middle class people that are lived in tin shed houses.
Poor people lived in Bamboo Thatch house.

Shops:
There were four shops in Chandan Path. The shops are contained with necessary products like
paddy, dal, oil, sugar, spices that People are needed to lead their daily life. Out of four three
shops are in moddho para and one are in paike para.

23

Religion:
Both Muslim and Hindu live in Chandan Path. Muslims are majority here. 40% people in village
were Hindu. There were no other people belonging to other religion. In this village the hindu
people lives in an another para.

Mosque and Temple:

There is Four Mosque in ChandanPath. There is no temple in village.

Sources of water:
People of ChandanPath village are largely dependent on the tube wells for their everyday needs.
Tube well is primarily essential for drinking and cooking. For other purposes like washing
dishes, cloths, bath the villagers used pond.

Sanitation:
People of ChandanPath are now a days aware of hygienic sanitation. Thats why 50% villagers
have ring slab sanitation systemand others people are used for their sanitation in empty place or
field area.

Cultivation:
The soil in this area is suitable for cultivation. So now a day there is maximus number of farmer
are there in village. People of ChandanPath mainly cultivate paddy like Amon, Robi and
vegetable like Tobacco, Potato and Chilly plant etc.

Trees:
We got to see huge of vegetation ChandanPath. As we have mentioned that the soil type is
suitable for plantation. It is strange that there are too many mangos, jackfruit tress. By visiting
village we have found many banana trees, gouache tree, and coconut tree. Mainly the major open
space is covered by bamboo bush.

Local and village medical center and doctor facility:

There are no village medical Centre and doctor facilities in ChandanPath village. But there have
a Paramedical Community clinic .In serious Sick, They have to go Rangpur town if they need
any treatment.

Environmental pollution:
There was no major source of environmental pollution in ChandanPath and the impact of that
pollution to the general environment was little. The only source of pollution we could was the
burning of leaves, butan in kitchens that were the only source of fuel. Except this villagers dump
the wastage here and there that crate pollution.

24

Hut and Bazaar:

There is a no bazaar inside the village but there is bazaar which held every day at near
chandanpath union porishod.

Animals:
The people of ChandanPath rear cows and goats. Birds include mostly domestic birds like
chicken, ducks, cocks, hens.

Important Place and Obstruct:

Important places and obstruct that we found through our survey
Mosque &Madrasha: 4
Educational intuitions: In Chondonpat there are 2 schools, one is Chondonpat
high school one and one college (Karmicle Degree College)
Pukur:2 ta
Shopping complex: Chondonpath shopping complex
Health care center: Chondonpath Upozila health complex
Edgar math
Building: Chondonpat school building.
Monument: Sohid miner.
River: Jamuna, Matathbanga, Koshigaya.

Climate:
Annual average temperature 34.6degree Cal, minimum 9 degree cal. Annual rainfall is 1610mm.
As we were present there during the winter we have witnessed the cold weather of the area. The
following picture represents a foggy morning of Rangpur.

25

METHODOLOGY:
We have carried out our survey in Modhopara&Paikanpara Para under the Chahndanpath Union.
Upzilla- Rangpursadar& District- Rangpur. We had studied the Milestone to collect the required
both primary and secondary data for 10 days. We have mainly applied two methods for collecting
the data:

Milestone for qualitative data.

Questionnaire Survey for quantitative data.
Below we have discussed about the methods we used in details:

P.R.A:
P.R.A (milestone) stands for Participatory Rural Appraisal. It is a method of collecting
information of the particular village or para by gathering the village people in a common place
like tea stall, to a famous persons house or to a school premise. During the meeting time, we
divide the work amongst the five group members and start gathering the required information of
the village from the villagers.

26

Questionnaire Survey:
We were given out 25 questionnaires on the orientation class. Each five members of the group
will survey five houses, in total 25 houses in the village. To gather the information needed for the
questionnaire we have used the following ways:

Time Analysis:
To find the present and past causes and effects of the social change of the village, we had to look
for the oldest and elderly persons in the para. By analyzing their information according to the
time frame, we can generate the reasons and effects of the social changes at present.

Class Analysis:
We have divided the respondents according to their social customary and status for the wealth
ranking part. For this division we had to look up their house patterns, their wealth and assets like
land, TV, radio, furniture, cycle, etc. and their monthly income. We went into the houses of the
families and observed their possessions and interviewed them to fill out the questionnaires

Individual Interview:
In another means, we have accumulated the required information for the questionnaire was by
taking the personal interview. We took interview of each household head or his wife or son
whoever was present at that moment.
For market analysis, we have gone to the haat and interviewed the Medicine store owner & local
people. The ideas and views we gathered, has helped us a lot to judge the difference between the
various features of the village people.
Besides these, we have taken some of the snaps with the help of the camera & GPS system for
tracking the requirements of the report and had observed their belongings and different places of
their houses during our survey.
After collecting the data, we have looked for the findings and made the analysis to materialize
the information. We have also taken the help from the book.

Social Map & Milestone:

The major technique of P.R.A. (milestone) (Participatory Rural Appraisal) is the Social mapping.
It is a different form of map that demonstrates the main and unimportant resources as well as the
social structure of a village. It is a different form of geological map because the villagers using
their own ideas and techniques to draw it
We make a social map using Traditional thing and milestone.

27

28

Serial
No.

Name of the
Village

Household Name

Address

Milestone

01.

Chandanpath

Abu Sayem

C/O, Abu Sayem

From Chandanpath High

School go straight we
will get a meat shop and
then right turn and
straight to walk about
20-22 metre and then left
turn ,you will get a lane
you walk 10 m straight
and turn left to the
destination

Vill/Para: Maddhapara,
Union: Chandapath,
Upazilla:Rangpur Sadar Zilla,
Rangpur.

02.

Chandanpath

Abdul Halim

C/O, Abdul Halim

Vill/Para: Maddhapara,
Union: Chandapath,
Upazilla:Rangpur Sadar Zilla,
Rangpur.

29

From Chandanpath High

School go straight we
will get a meat shop and
then right turn and
straight to walk about
20-21 metre and then left
turn ,you will get a lane
you walk 10 m straight

and turn left to the

destination
03.

Chandanpath

Hanifur

C/O, Hanifur
Vill/Para: Maddapara,
Union: Chandapath,
Upazilla:Rangpur Sadar Zilla,
Rangpur.

04.

Chandanpath

Taimur Hossain

C/O, Taimur hossain

Vill/Para: Maddapara,
Union: Chandapath,
Upazilla:Rangpur Sadar Zilla,
Rangpur.

05.

Chandanpath

Abdul Rahim

C/O, Abdul Rahim

From Chandanpath High

School go straight we
will get a Madrasa
(Baniapara Forkania
Madrasa), then opposite
side and 1St left Home of
Hanifurs House.
From Chandanpath High
School go straight 150200 metre long and then
turn right, the 1st left
house is Taimurs House

Beside Taimurs House

Vill/Para: Maddapara,
Union: Chandapath,
Upazilla:Rangpur Sadar Zilla,
Rangpur.
06.

Chandanpath

Anamul

C/O, Abu Sayem

Vill/Para: Maddapara,
Union: Chandapath,
Upazilla:Rangpur Sadar Zilla,
Rangpur.

07.

Chandanpath

Ajkar Ali

C/O, Anamul
Vill/Para: Maddapara,
Union: Chandapath,
Upazilla:Rangpur Sadar Zilla,
Rangpur.

08.

Chandanpath

Rajib Ali

C/O, Rajab Ali

30

From Chandanpath High

School go straight 250295 metre long and then
turn right, the 2st left
house is Anamuls House

From Chandanpath High

School go straight 250295 metre long and then
turn right, the 2st left
house is Anamuls House
and Ajkar Alis House is
beside Anamuls House .
From Chandanpath High
School go straight 250-

Vill/Para: Maddapara,
Union: Chandapath,
Upazilla:Rangpur Sadar Zilla,
Rangpur.
09.

Chandanpath

Ekramul

C/O, Ekramul
Vill/Para:Paikanpara,
Union: Chandapath,
Upazilla:Rangpur Sadar Zilla,
Rangpur.

10.

Chandanpath

Fojlu Haque

C/O, Fojlu Haque

Vill/Para:Paikanpara,
Union: Chandapath,
Upazilla:Rangpur Sadar Zilla,
Rangpur.

11.

Chandanpath

Rashedul

C/O, Rashedul
Vill/Para:Paikanpara,
Union: Chandapath,
Upazilla:Rangpur Sadar Zilla,
Rangpur.

12.

Chandanpath

Mojammel

C/O, Mojammel
Vill/Para:Paikanpara,
Union: Chandapath,

31

295 metre long and then

turn left beside Anamuls
House to Rajib Alis
House.
From Chandanpath High
School go straight 250295 metre long and left
side Rajib Alis brother
Ekramul.

From Chandanpath High

School go straight till
then PAKOR TREE ,
then turn right and go
through the passage of
crops and then walk until
the sugarcane harvested
land and then turn right
to a lane. Fajlus house is
the 1st right house of the
lane
From Chandanpath High
School go straight till
PAKOR TREE , then
turn right and go through
the passage of crops and
then walk until the
sugarcane crop land and
then turn right to a lane
and then walk 20 -25
metre through the lane ,
the second house of the
left is Rasheduls House.
From Chandanpath High
School go straight till
PAKOR TREE , then
turn right and go through

13.

Chandanpath

Mahmud Ali

Upazilla:Rangpur Sadar Zilla,

Rangpur.

the passage of crops and

then walk until the
sugarcane crop land and
then turn right to a lane
and then walk 20 -25
metre through the lane ,
the third house of the
left is Rasheduls House.

C/O, Mahmud ali

From Chandanpath High

School go straight till
PAKOR TREE , then
turn right and go through
the passage of crops and
then walk until the
sugarcane crop land and
then turn right to a lane
and then walk 30-40
metre through the lane
,the 1st house of the left
is Mahmud alis House.

Vill/Para:Paikanpara,
Union: Chandapath,
Upazilla:Rangpur Sadar Zilla,
Rangpur.

14.

Chandanpath

Mojmul Haque

C/O, Mojamul Haque

Vill/Para:Paikanpara,
Union: Chandapath,
Upazilla:Rangpur Sadar Zilla,
Rangpur.

15.

Chandanpath

Sohrif Uddin

C/O, Sohrif Uddin

Vill/Para:Paikanpara,
Union: Chandapath,
Upazilla:Rangpur Sadar Zilla,

32

From Chandanpath High

School go straight till
PAKOR TREE , then
turn right and go through
the passage of crops and
then walk until the
sugarcane crop land and
then turn right to a lane
and then walk 30-40
metre through the lane ,
turn right to saw
Madrash , then opposite
side house is Mojamul
hoque
From Chandanpath High
School go straight till
PAKOR TREE , then
turn right and go through
the passage of crops and

Rangpur.

then walk until the

sugarcane crop land and
then turn right to a lane
and then walk 20 -25
metre through the lane , ,
turn right to saw
Madrash, Mr Sohrif
Uddins house beside the
Madrash.

GPS Coordinate of Household:

Serial No.

Number of Household

01

Household 01

Household Name

GPS Coordinate

Abu Sayem

Latitude : 25.733585357666016
Longitude : 89.16280364990234

02

Household 03

Hanifur

Latitude : 25.733224868774414
Longitude : 89.16297149658203

03

Household 05

Abdul Rahim

Latitude : 25.73361587524414
Longitude : 89.6262817383813

04

Household 09

Ekramul

Latitude : 25.734764099121094
Longitude : 89.16454315185547

05

Household 10

Fojlu Haque

Latitude : 25.735456466674805
Longitude : 89.16451363427734

06

Household 11

Rashedul

Latitude : 25.73538073739492
Longitude : 89.1643736694336

07

Household 12

Mojammel

Latitude : 25.73535919189453
Longitude : 89.1640853881836

08

Household 13

Mahmud Ali

Latitude : 25.734983444213868

33

Longitude : 89.16471862792969
09

Household 14

Mojmul Haque

Latitude : 25.73483444216838
Longitude : 89.164574248639

10

Household 15

Sohrif Uddin

Latitude : 25.73589834564326
Longitude : 89.1648367417483748

Location of Chandanpath:
Our study area Chandanpath union is situated in the northeast part of Rangpur District. It
encompasses an area of 7428 Decimal. The entire village falls under the RangpurSadar Upozilla
and topology is mixed type of land. Our para is quite resourceful and it has a little area of land
with a good fertility along with five ponds. Such a resource provides benefit to the villagers of
Modhopara & Paikanpara.
The study findings also revealed that Chandanpath is a more or less developing village. The
villagers have strong communal feelings. There are a health care facilities or pharmacy in the
village. The economic condition of the village is a sustainable and almost all of them are Farmer.
The villagers lead a bit comfortable, sometimes hard life.

Household tracks:
We started our household interview to GPS location, tracking and Pic. It helps our social map
and village map to make. Some tracking position below

34

GPS tracks

SHODDOPOSKURNI
Social Map & Milestone:
The major technique of P.R.A. (milestone) (Participatory Rural Appraisal) is the Social mapping.
It is a different form of map that demonstrates the main and unimportant resources as well as the
social structure of a village. It is a different form of geological map because the villagers using
their own ideas and techniques to draw it
We make a social map using Traditional thing and milestone.

35

36

household list :

37

38

39

GPS Coordinates of the households:

Number of household

Household Name

Cordinate

Household No:1

Mofizul Islam

Latitude:25.741806030273438
Longitude:89.21598052978516

Household No.2

Solaiman Ali

Latitude:25.732586940507586
Longitude:89.21598052958325

Household No.3

Nurjahan Begom

Latitude:25.725586695703945
Longitude:89.2159805305645

Household No.4

Shahidul Haque

Latitude:25.721205260223438
Longitude:89.21724085028305

Household No.5

Mokbul Hossain

Latitude:25.701756030273448
Longitude:89.20535972978516

Household No:6

Mokbul Hossain

Latitude:25.698808390273438
Longitude:89.20552652972523

Household No.7

Imdadul Hoque

Latitude:25.691508390274423
Longitude:89.19552652912512

Household No.8

Ekramul Hoque

Latiude:25.684569129333496
Longitude:89.18012237548828

Household No.9

Ikramul Haque

Latiude:25.684986114501953
Longitude:89.18003845214844

Household No.10

Liaquat Ali

Latitude:25.684572219848633
Longitude:89.18023681640625

Household No.11

Abdul Kader

Latitude:25.684372215939525
Longitude:89.18023435237822

Household No.12

Abu Hassan

Latiude:25.684196472167907
Longitude:89.18074798583984

40

Household No.13

Household No.14

A.K.M Mahmudul
Islam

Latitude:25.685211962890625

Najrul Islam Montu

Latitude:25.685304641723633

Longitude:89.18070220947266

Longitude:89.18074798583984
Household No.15

Shaheen Anwar

Latitude:25.73948860168457
Longitude:89.2381362915039

Household tracks:
We started our household interview to GPS location, tracking and Pic. It helps our social map
and village map to make. Some tracking position below

GPS tracks

Social Map:
The major technique of P.R.A. (milestone) (Participatory Rural Appraisal) is the Social mapping.
It is a different form of map that demonstrates the main and unimportant resources as well as the

41

social structure of a village. It is a different form of geological map because the villagers using
their own ideas and techniques to draw it
We make a social map using Traditional thing and milestone.

Location of Rajendrapur:
Our study area Rajendrapur union is situated in the northeast part of Rangpur District. It
encompasses an area of 7428 Decimal. The entire village falls under the RangpurSadarUpozilla
and topology is mixed type of land. Our para is quite resourceful and it has a little area of land
with a good fertility along with five ponds. Such a resource provides benefit to the villagers of
Bashanti para and Baniapara.
The study findings also revealed that Bashontipara is a more or less developing village. The
villagers have strong communal feelings. There are a health care facilities or pharmacy in the
village. The economic condition of the village is a sustainable and almost all of them are Farmer.
The villagers lead a bit comfortable, sometimes hard life.

Matrix Table
42

SL no

Name of the Village

House Holder Name

Bashantipara

Manaranjan Barman

Bashantipara

Naresh Chandra Barman

Bashantipara

Virendranath Barman

Bashantipara

Naresh Chandra Barman

Bashantipara

Tapan Chandra Barman

Bashantipara,
Rajendrapur,
rangpur Sadar,
Rangpur

Ghunapara

Chitra Ranjan Barman

Ghunapara,
Rajendrapur,
rangpur Sadar,
Rangpur

Ghunapara

Pran Krishna Barman

Baniapara

Kamikka Chandra

Baniapara

Kartik Barman

10

Baniapara

Harishankar Barman

Ghunapara,
Rajendrapur,
rangpur Sadar,
Rangpur
Baniapara,
Rajendrapur,
rangpur Sadar,
Rangpur
Baniapara,
Rajendrapur,
rangpur Sadar,
Rangpur
Baniapara,
Rajendrapur,
rangpur Sadar,
Rangpur

43

Address
Bashantipara,
Rajendrapur,
rangpur Sadar,
Rangpur
Bashantipara,
Rajendrapur,
rangpur Sadar,
Rangpur
Bashantipara,
Rajendrapur,
rangpur Sadar,
Rangpur
Bashantipara,
Rajendrapur,
rangpur Sadar,
Rangpur

Milestone
50 meter east
from Parta sharati
temple
55 meter east
from Parta sharati
temple
60 meter east
from Parta sharati
temple
20 meter north
from Briestcare
homio hall & 10
meter west from
Hari temple
15 meter north
from Briestcare
homio hall & 12
meter west from
the Hari temple
20 meter west
from the tobacco
field, 100 meter
east from
Baniapara temple
20 meter west &
95 meter east
from the
Baniapara temple
10 meter south
from Baniapara
temple
10 meter east
from Baniapara
temple
15 meter south
from Baniapara
temple

11

Baniapara

Shushanka Barman

12

Baniapara

Gopal Chandra Barman

13

Baniapara

Proshanta Barman

14

Baniapara

Shudha Ranjan Barman

15

Baniapara

Dharendranath Barman

16

Baniapara

Jotindranath Barman

17

Baniapara

Shushil Chandra Barman

18

Baniapara

Dinesh Chandra Barman

19

Baniapara

Naresh Chandra Barman

20

Baniapara

Shushil Chandra Barman

21

Baniapara

Dhoniram Barman

44

Baniapara,
Rajendrapur,
rangpur Sadar,
Rangpur
Baniapara,
Rajendrapur,
rangpur Sadar,
Rangpur

20 meter east
from Baniapara
temple

Baniapara,
Rajendrapur,
rangpur Sadar,
Rangpur
Baniapara,
Rajendrapur,
rangpur Sadar,
Rangpur
Baniapara,
Rajendrapur,
rangpur Sadar,
Rangpur
Baniapara,
Rajendrapur,
rangpur Sadar,
Rangpur
Baniapara,
Rajendrapur,
rangpur Sadar,
Rangpur
Baniapara,
Rajendrapur,
rangpur Sadar,
Rangpur
Baniapara,
Rajendrapur,
rangpur Sadar,
Rangpur
Baniapara,
Rajendrapur,
rangpur Sadar,
Rangpur
Baniapara,
Rajendrapur,

55 meter south
east from
Baniapara temple

20 meter east
from Baniapara
temple

60 meter north
east from
Baniapara temple
75 meter north
east from
Baniapara temple
10 meter south
west from
Baniapara temple
55 meter west
from Baniapara
private temple
65 meter north
from Baniapara
private temple
65 meter north
from Baniapara
private temple
75 meter north
east from
Baniapara private
temple
80 meter north
from Baniapara

22

Baniapara

Piu nath

23

Baniapara

Goshshari

24

Baniapara

Harichandra Barman

25

Baniapara

Birashshar Barman

HOUSE NO-1
HOUSE NO-2
HOUSE NO-3
HOUSE NO-4
HOUSE NO-5
HOUSE NO-6
HOUSE NO-7
HOUSE NO-8
HOUSE NO-9
HOUSE NO-10

rangpur Sadar,
Rangpur
Baniapara,
Rajendrapur,
rangpur Sadar,
Rangpur

private temple

Baniapara,
Rajendrapur,
rangpur Sadar,
Rangpur
Baniapara,
Rajendrapur,
rangpur Sadar,
Rangpur
Baniapara,
Rajendrapur,
rangpur Sadar,
Rangpur

120 meter south

east from
Baniapara bridge

N-2545.866E08910.714
N-2545.884E08910.724
N-2545.840E08910.692
N-2545.864E08910.685
N-2545.870E08910.699
N2545.902E08910.733
N2545.906E08910.730
N2545.648E08910.921
N2545.646E08910.918
N2545.906E08910.730

45

105 meter south

east from
Baniapara bridge

100 meter east

from Baniapara
bridge
90 meter east
from Baniapara
private temple

HOUSE NO-11
HOUSE NO-12
HOUSE NO-13
HOUSE NO-14
HOUSE NO-15
HOUSE NO-16
HOUSE NO-17
HOUSE NO-18
HOUSE NO-19
HOUSE NO-20

N2545.866E08910.739
N2545.828E08910.697
N2545.848E08910.709
N2545.807E08910.700
N2545.672E08910.821
N2545.598E08910.927
N2545.889E08910.734
N2545.901E08910.732
N2545.670E08910.816
N2545.895E08910.708

GPS tracks

46

MARKET ANALYSIS
In our LFE program we visited the Palichora Bazaar which is situated in Soddoposkorini union
at kesobpur village. We visited the village bazaar in 5 members group to analyze the local and
regular village market. In order to make our objectives of visiting the market more specific we
only visited the local Pharmacies and the medical products as the agricultural tools and
machineries topic was given. However, to make the report more pragmatic by findings problems
and recommending the most feasible suggestions we try our level best to collect the authentic
information that actually represents the current and true scenario of that particular village market.
So to accomplish our tasks we ask some structured questions and set the primary objectives of
visiting so that by generalizing that information of the given topic the market analysis will
reflects the current situation of all other similar types of village market in our country.

Some Basic Information:

Our visited village name is saddopuskuroni. There is a bazar called Palichora hut. We surveyed
at the bazar. It is a very old bazar about 150-200 years old. Its length occupied 1-1.5 km. Friday
and Monday hut placed there. In hut day, specially bicycle, cattle, chicken, duck are found. There
are retail and wholesale business in this hut. All types of products are sold in this hut. Everyday
products come and go across the bazar. This bazar is popular for wholesale market. This bazar is
well managed.

47

Rural medicine:
In rural area we have found very poor facility of health care. They dont have proper qualified
doctor and enough health care centers. For a good doctors prescript medicine they have to main
town market. May be for rural environment it can be acceptable because they have very small
amount to pay for their health care or medicine. By visiting village house and asking them
question about their concept of health care we found that they are not that much careful. But for
village people they are basically healthy because of their fresh air and fresh vegetable. But still I
think they need some facility or change about medicine right now.
1. They need rural medicine education program (RMED )
2. Need more knowledge about health problem.

Market information:
think they need some facility or change in order to gather information for market analysis part of
the report , we went to a hat and bazaar in rangpur which is a little far from tmss named soddo
puskuruni. This is one of the biggest and famous haat in rangpur.
Take a look in to the difference between the hat and bazaar:

Topics

Hat

Bazaar

Site

Basically Hat held once or

twice in a week.

Bazaar held every day

Customer

More customers come in the

Haat compare to Bazaar.

Regular customer comes in the

Bazaar.

Size

Unstructured - No fixed set up

and quite Bigger.

It has a fixed structure and

smaller than a haat.

Products availability

More variety of products.

Less variety of products.

buy and sell type

Whole sale(paikari) buy and

sell

Mainly retail buy and sell

48

Objective of Market Analysis:

Our primary objectives of market analysis are1. To know how the machineries market operates.
2. To determine what are the problems that owners face.
3. To understand how the market as a whole contribute in the rural economy.

Value chain:
Value chain actually indicates how a business operates. Here we try to discuss the
infrastructure of agricultural tools and machineries market, their labor force, procurement and
technology they use in the support activities. After that we try to focus their primary activities
such as inbound and outbound logistics, primary operation of business, marketing and sales
services and advertising. All of these points give us a general clear idea about the market.

49

1. SUPPORT ACTIVITIES :
Type:
By visiting full market we found that every medicine shop or corner is very small fund business
and sole properties ship business. Their business owned by one person and also manages by one
person.
Shop infrastructure:
In the Palichora Haat there are 5 shops who sell agricultural tools and machineries. Basically almost all of
the shops wall and floor is built by concrete and the roof is built by tin. All the shops have electricity.
Most of the shops shutter is made of tin or some the shops have bamboo made shop shutter.

Human resource management:

As they dont have much profit or opportunity they cant even think of a helper or employee.
They have to manage their all work by him.
Technology:
We visited a village market so technology is very poor in their business policy. But as its a
digital time they use mobile phone for contact with their dealer.
Procurement: sometimes after a period they get regular delivery by companies supplier.
Sometimes they buy their product by themselves from the near main town market (Rangpur
town).

1. PRIMARY ACTIVITES :
Inbound logistics:
As we are working about medicine, for medicine there is no raw materials they just need
medicine and by company supplier and from town market they get it.
Operations:
The owners run this business differently at times. Such as they sell low priced products directly
to the local people, but they dont keep any high price from people. If any people need high
priced medicine then they take order from him and import it from Rangpur town or Dhaka. In
that case, they take the full amount of money from the customer before giving delivery.

50

Outbound logistics:
They sell different types of medicine but very local or regular needed medicine they provide very
much, like they sell the medicine of square, Alco etc.
Marketing and logistics:
They dont have to give any advertise for their products. Because for medicine or pharmacy
dont need any advertisement. They dont give products without money.
Service:
They provide full return if their medicine is date expired.

Supply chain management:

Like all other products, in the medicine market there is supply chain process to ensure that the
consumer actually getting the products. So actually the supply chain management ensures the
proper movement of the products so that it will successfully reach to the end consumers.
In Palichara Haat, the medicines are actually come from main town or Dhaka. And on the other
hand sometimes medicine comes from company as well as. From the company or town the shop
owners of the Palichora Haat buy the product in a large quantity. Then they sell it to the
customers. Paglapir, Sharer Bazaar, Nodir Haats people.

Promotional Activity:
In promotional activities like advertising, posturing, billboard or other campaign of promotion
doesnt work much for selling their items. In this haat lot of item sold. But main promotion
activities which the villagers got attracted by word of mouth advertising.

COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT PLAN:

51

Community development is a process where community members come together to take

collective action and generate solutions to common problems. Community wellbeing (economic,
social, environmental and cultural) often evolves from this type of collective action being taken
at a grassroots level.
We have a planning on the community development regarding its electricity and people's cell
phones.

Case: Electricity & Mobile Phones in Rural Areas

Access to these two services in many developing countries can be extremely challenging,
especially for the rural poor. People don't have enough stuffs to buy electricity and therefore face
the extreme harm. Although it is particularly
Challenging for the government to make services available in rural areas, such services do exist.
Government regulators often place requirements, resulting in an infrastructure investment that
makes access available to some degree.
People live without the ability to contact people beyond their local villages or are forced to
physically travel to another village in order to have access to telephones. Not making that phone
call can be costly in many ways.
Without a telephone, a crop farmer may not learn the current fair market price for his or her
goods and, as a result, will lose in negotiating sale prices with middlemen. These services
typically operate at a loss, and the telecommunications operator maintains them as part of their
licensing obligation.

Input:
10% of the villagers have access to electricity
All farmers have mobile phone

Process:
Analysis of current situation and gather information

Set a plan for what is required for getting more electricity and how to utilize that fully.
Execution of the plan
Mapping on the basis of analysis and statistics

52

 Implementing the plan into the field which is out from 10% recipient as how to increase the
number of recipient to maximum having access to electricity
Plant necessary instruments and machineries for electricity supply to farmers houses so that
they can do more jobs within a short time
Growing awareness among the illiterate farmers of mobile phone use

Outcome:
Most of us take for granted the ease with which we can access telecommunications & electricity
services at home, at work. For the more than two billion people subsisting on less than two
dollars each day, this is largely impossible.
This lack of access can isolate those living in poverty from vital resources and severely impact
their social and economic development.
The success portion will describe some along with an evidence.

Success:
Farmers from the villages use electricity to watch TV for news and agricultural programs for the
best knowledge. They also use the phones to call the city markets to find out prices for their
produce. Previously they were unaware about many important things. They had no knowledge
about many crops and land usage. They could not water their properly without using the
electricity. Besides, they had a little bit short-changed by their middlemen. The middlemen
would say a lower price than what the actual market price was. So now some of them have very
rich knowledge about landing. They also can call the market themselves to find out what the
actual price of eggs or whatever their produce is.

Benefits:

53

The most obvious benefit of use the electricity is the economic impact that this tool brings to the
entire country.
There is clear evidence of this impact in Bangladesh, including higher prices paid to electricity
users for their goods and better exchange rates when repatriating funds. Some creative and
entrepreneurial users of the technology identify new business opportunities through the media,
including the resale of information to others in their communities.
For the cost of a phone call, a family is able to avoid the expense of sending a productive
member to deliver or retrieve information by travelling great distances in person.
This technology also serves to link regional entrepreneurs with each other and their clients,
bringing more business to small enterprises. Phones have even been used in emergency
situations, such as accessing medical assistance during natural disasters.
Some more specific benefits of using the electricity & mobile phone are:
Increased revenue
Reduced operating costs
New clients
Income

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM:

We all know that this technology will help our farmers. But there is a major problem that all of
the technologies are very costly. Our farmers are not so solvent. They have not enough money to
buy this type of product. We can apply irrigation technique but our farmers are needed to train
for this technique. This technique is scientific technique. To implement this technique we need a
lot of littered people. But we do not have sufficient littered farmers. 2WTs are good thing for the
farmers. But it is costly. Most of the farmers cannot buy this tractor. Some may be take loan from
micro-credit institution but others are not. The interest is very high of micro-credit. Govt. loan is
not so easy. It is not reach all of the farmers due to corruption. The Sayre Smart planter for two
wheel tractor is also a costly for our farmers. At first we need to provide them with low cost or
interest free loan. Without giving loan in interest free, this technology will not help our farmers.

DISCUSSION:
The Independent University, Bangladesh (IUB) has provided us the opportunity to know about
the rural areas of Bangladesh by the Live-in-field Experience (LFE) program.We visited some

54

villages like Rajendrapur, Chandanpath and Shoddopushkuni whiches are located in Rangpur
Sadar of Rangpur District. During our LFE we have experienced about rural life, their living
style, livelihood, financial situation and economical condition. The main economic source of the
of villagers in Bangladesh is agriculture. And here in Rangpur it is as same as others villages
about economical source .Here about 90% villagers are farmer or do the jobs which is related to
farming. But it is a metter of a great regret that agricultural production is less than sufficient to
help with their agricultural processing. Its because of the use of technology in the they use are
still not up-to-date. The process they are using in farming can be called as orthodox method. By
our practical analysis we have learnt that they are still using old ordinary method in their
farming. They are using plough, pair of cows, tractors, normal irrigation pumping etc for their
farming process. So they cannot grow sufficient crops for their family and supply to the other
parts of Bangladesh. But there is a good sign that very recently they started using modern
technology. And to grow more crops they can use many kinds of modern technology.
Considering our country and everything included there are quite a few things that we can do to
increase the production and supply all over the country. They can use modern Irrigation
Techniques by the help of local agriculture officers, they can use the Soil Erosion prevention
process which has a positive effect on erosion. They can also use some other modern process like
taken pictures to identify, mobile phone internet to share their problems with agriculture officers.
These all can help them to grow enough crops. But the main problem is that they are not able to
do these without the help of government and others. The consciousness to use the different
approach to use the different style of irrigation has to be raised by the government. The govt.
should supply them the modern machines and well fertilizer among them on a very low cost.
They should also increase the number of Agri Officers to help them. Other private companies
also have to come forward to help them and sponsor them. It will make them financially strong.
There are a lots of technology which are available and suitable for our country and Rangpur as
well. So all we need to do is to support the rural farmers. And it favor them to change their
financial condition and they will favor the country by supplying enough crops and food for the
mass population.

55

FINAL TOPIC:
Technological innovation in agriculture and its impacts on
Agri-production
The area of Rangpur is one of the largest area where peoples farm rice and many other kind of
vegetables. But the use of the gears has their own effect on the production of the crops. After
visiting the place personally we can say that the technology they use to increase their agricultural
production is less than sufficient to help with their agricultural processing. The use of technology
in the production of this agricultural area is very poor. They use somewhat can be called and
known as orthodox methods. But this can be improved with the inclusion of a very few existing
and simple technology.

At this moment the current use of technology are very limited with the use of the instruments
such as the Tractor in field along with the technology of water pumps but these are very old
methods which are now a days can be considered outdated. And also the mobile usage is very
low where they can expand and use the mobile to do a lot in helping with the production and
processing of the agricultural products. This restriction of the limited usage is coming from the
mismanaging of marketing of the technology.
Currently the technology has evolved into a new era where everything can be possibly done by
the use of appropriate technology. And agriculture is no difference. There are a lots of technology
that can be used in the field of agriculture to increase the production with less effort.

Currently available Technologies:

Plough:

Plough is the typical tool for farming in Bangladesh let alone rangpur. But the use of Plough is
large even in rangpur where technology has taken a few steps ahead, because of some peoples
financial issues they can't afford tractors and has to live on with plough attached to the cow and
farming their way up for their daily living.

56

This method is pretty much existing from the beginning. But as the economical situation fits the
scenario, this method is most suitable for farmers in Rangpur to produce agri products of their
choice without relying on anything else.
A plough is used for plowing, usually one or two cows pulls it while there is a farmer to guide
their way around the field. After the land is plowed they move onto the next step of farming and
plants the seeds.

Tractors:

Another common technology which is being used in Rangpur side by side with ploughs. This is a
machine with which the farmer can use to do multi tasks. If there is a plough attached to it, it
plows if there is a disc attached to it, it discs. It has an engine so it can cover a lots of area than
the cow pulling ploughs. But not everyone can afford it in Rangpur.

Irrigation pumping:

57

This is how farmers in Rangpur manages to get water in their fields, in the dry seasons they have
to keep their water fertile by using a lots of water so they use the irrigation pumping or more
commonly known as "Sech Pumping" in Bangladesh. This is very widely popular among
Bangladeshi farmers.

The rice milling machine:

The farmers uses a machine to get the rice which is called the rice milling machine. Its largely
used in Rangpur as they farm a lots of rice and not many houses has the machine. So they usually
use a mill for this purpose.

Internet for all

58

Now a day's mobile has been a necessity for all the peoples and the farmers are not excluded and
with internet and a bit of knowledge about how to use them they can easily find the solution of
the problems they are facing. And a good amount of farmers in Rangpur seems to have use it
nicely.

Water source:
People of Rangpur uses two main water sourcesI.

II.

Tube well: most of the people use tube well which were setup by themselves. They use arsenic
free use tube well which were tested by the NGO. They use those tubes well for their daily uses.
The source of drinking water is tube well and also cooks their food with tube well water. But
most of tube well are situated inside the compound. As far as we survey we found most of family
have their own tube well.
Pond: very rarely they use pond for washing their cloths only. But the water of ponds are not
hygienic.

Figure 1 Use of water

Restrictions:
All of the technologies above are used in
Rangpur and they are fairly popular. But a
few things are restricted because of the
economical situation of the farmers. As not
all farmers uses the internet or the tractors,
because they don't have enough money to
spend on these. These restrictions should be
reduced and it will be very much possible if
the government gives interest free loans to

59

buy those things. It's a small thing to do for the improvement of our countries agricultural side
and their production.

Possible technologies to use:

Considering our country and everything included there are quite a few things that we can do to
increase the production and our agricultural side of the coin.

Irrigation Techniques

60

Efficient application of irrigation water is one the most important ways to mitigate any effects
that increased biofuels production may have on water resources. There are several irrigation
techniques that reduce the amount of water applied per unit of biomass produced, thus improving
irrigation efficiency regardless of crop type. For example, subsurface drip irrigation systems
minimize the amount of water lost due to evaporation and runoff by being buried directly
beneath the crop and applying water directly to the root zone, thus keeping the soil surface dry
(Payero et al., 2005). Real-time soil moisture and weather monitoringthe former through
microwave remote sensingare emerging technologies that can potentially help improve the
scheduling of irrigation. Rainfall harvesting, efficient irrigation water transport, and use of
reclaimed water can also lead to more efficient agricultural water use. These techniques would be
effective for both corn and cellulosic ethanol crops.
The overall effect of improved irrigation techniques on the regional water budget will vary on a
case-by-case basis. For example, if application efficiencies lead to less water being withdrawn
from an aquifer, this would leave more water in long-term groundwater storage for future use.
On the other hand, if lower water withdrawals from a stream only serve to make additional water
available for junior water rights holders, the net effect on the regional water budget might be
negligible.

2WTs (2 Wheels Tractors):

Agricultural mechanization in Rangpur is helping conserve natural resources, improve

productivity and increase profits, but many small-scale farmers have yet to benefit. Factors such
as high costs and farmers lack of access to credit make the machinery unaffordable for resourcepoor farmers. However,
Bangladesh leads by example and has been a hotbed of innovation, particularly with the 2WTs
that are more appropriate for small-scale farmers than the four-wheel variety. Bangladesh has a
strong agricultural tradition nearly two thirds of its population works in agriculture. It has
achieved near self-sufficiency in rice production and has rapidly developed its agricultural sector
over the past 20 years, despite being ranked 146th on the global human development index and
having roughly half the per capita income of India. Bangladeshs agriculture sector contributes
19 percent to the countrys gross domestic product. This is the bright side.
So we can use that innovative ideas and implement those for the small-scale farmers in Rangpur,
one of the innovation which is very effective is the 2WT.

61

The Sayre Smart planter for two wheel tractor:

This is a new development from Bangladesh. The unit has been developed by Md. Enamul
Haque of CIMMYT Bangladesh, with encouragement from Ken Sayre also of CIMMYT.

62

This is a seed drill based on the standard 70cm wide rotary hoe that is sold with most two wheel
tractors (power tillers.) A seed and fertilizer box setup has been added. A set of tines mounted on
a rear tool bar has also been added. A set of press wheels have been fitted.
This can be a very useful piece of machinery in Rangpur for the small-scale farmers for seeding
the seeds in their fields. Their workload will be down and they will be able to cover more field
than before.

The Crop/bug infestation reorganization system:

Today the advancement of science have reached a very high place, Technology is on a whole
new different level than what it was, Hence we can use the image reorganization pattern to detect
issues in the crops and figure out what to do with it next, That system is already established but
we need to bring it to Bangladesh and implement it in the rural area such as Rangpur, in a way so
that they can use it effectively.

63

64

Mobile Phones:

The use and functions of the mobile phones are countless. It can be used to remove the obstacle
which has been here for a long time. In the current way that is running in Bangladesh a really big
amount of peoples are doing the job of middleman they buy the crops from the farmers at a very
low price and sell them at a high price to the seller. From who the consumers buys it. If the
mobile can be used properly this technology can become a very powerful tool to remove this
obstacle, the farmers can send the products directly to the market with a very high profit which
will also increase the will power to farm more. If they can contact the right person which can be
easily done with a few simple phone calls. Sad but truth is the middle man is living on the blood
of the farmer which is highly removing the will of the
Famers to farm or continue in this farming profession. Its amazing how a simple peace of
technology can take you were from where if you can use it properly.

Internet:

Since internet is a technology which is accessible by the most people by mobile phones. It can be
broadly use to establish a good network which will provide important use in the agricultural
section. Such as with just a bit of working knowledge of English one can search his problems
into Google with internet via mobile phones. It can make life a lot easier. Also with the internet
in ones hand, the opportunities are indefinite. If properly used it can be used to operate the
machineries that are used in the field. Also they can search for the proper fertilizer to use in the
field with the new seeds. They can also check for the details of any kind of new products if they
are to try them out in the field.

65

The things to be done to use them

The main interrupt has to come from the government as this all are basically based on marketing
and the funding to bring a few of the projects in Bangladesh. The conscious to use the different
approach to use the different style of irrigation has to be raised by the government. They have to
find a way to reach out to peoples in this case the TV can be one of the most easy and good way
to get in touch with the peoples in this rural area. As they watch TV to spend time, the
advertisement to raise the awareness can be a good cause.
The use of water in more effective way can be ensured with just a bit of guidance and a very low
amount of money.
Then the 2WT's they are a product of Bangladesh but for the lack of marketing they are not
properly introduced and hence not properly utilized. But we can change that fact by properly
marketing and introducing them to the farmers.
Everyone uses mobile phones with camera these days so we can use that and introduce the crop
recognition system which will allow them to take pictures and send them to a server where it can
be analyzed, it goes for bug problems as well.
The use of mobile and internet is vast but they need to be approached and taught how to use
them grameenphone/robi has taken the initiative with a few of their advertisement but it can be
focused or from here there can be a way to aware more people and increase the use of mobile
phones and internet. As they can use them to connect with others who can help with their
agricultural issues or can be very useful.

They have to be approached and taught how to use the technologies as they are from village most
of them are not educated enough to handle those devices on their own. So it's hard for them to
use these technologies without proper lessons.
There are a lots of technology which are available and suitable for Rangpur but the problem will
arise when we will try to implement them as most of them are from rural area, most of them
won't be able to fathom the vast possibilities of these products but a few of the technologies can
be implemented and can be handled pretty easily with a bit of proper lessons on the respective
technology.

66

LEARNING:
LFE has provided us with the opportunity to study the rural Bangladesh. Although most of us
preconceived ideas about village; its people and their life styles. These were developing form
reading books. Which in many cases were stereotyped? As we spent some days with the village
peoples we came to many unknown things of the rural people like their way of living style, their
thinking etc. Chandrapath,Shoddoposkurni, Rajendrapur is a big village and it is interesting to
see that they always try to develop themselves as well as the village. We have opportunity to
learn how they are struggle daily for their livelihood.

REFERENCE:
www.Google.com
www.wiki.com

http://www.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id=12039&page=37
http://www.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id=12039&page=38
http://farmindustrynews.com/precision-farming/20-technologies-changing-agriculture#slide-10field_images-45641
http://blog.cimmyt.org/tag/machinery/

67

68